初中語法一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)詳細講解及練習(xí)題

第頁一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一、英語語態(tài)有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種。主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，叫主動語態(tài)。

如：

We

clean

the

classroom.

我們打掃教室。

主語是動作的承受者，叫被動語態(tài)。

如：The

classroom

is

cleaned

(by

us).

教室被（我們）打掃。

被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動詞be

+及物動詞的過去分詞+（by+賓語）

其中by意為“被??；由??”，表動作的執(zhí)行者。

如：The

glass

is

broken

by

that

boy.玻璃杯是那個男孩打破的。

肯定句：主語+

am

/

is

/

are

+

動詞的過去分詞

+(by+人代賓格

)+

其他

eg

.English

is

studied

(by

us

)

every

day.

否定句:主語+

am

/

is

/

are

+

not

+

動詞的過去分詞

+(by+人代賓格

)+

其他

eg.

English

is

not

studied

(by

us

)

every

day.

一般疑問句：Is

English

not

studied

(by

us

)

every

day.?

特殊疑問句：What/Where/When+

am

/

is

/

are

+主語+動詞的過去分詞+

其他三、被動語態(tài)的用法：

下面的幾種情況用被動語態(tài)

1.

當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：

Silk

is

produced

in

Suzhou.

蘇州出產(chǎn)絲綢。

2.

當(dāng)沒有必要說明誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：

Colour

TV

sets

are

sold

in

that

shop.

那個商店出售彩電。

3.

強調(diào)說明動作的承受者時。如：

These

bicycles

are

made

in

China.

這些自行車是中國制造的。

【溫馨提示】

如果需要說明動作的執(zhí)行者時，由介詞by引出。如：

This

coat

is

made

by

her

mother.這件大衣是她媽媽做的。在主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時，初學(xué)者常犯的錯誤有：

1.

誤用人稱代詞

例：

Jim

often

sees

us.

【誤】

Us

are

often

seen

(by

Jim).

【正】

We

are

often

seen

(by

Jim).

【析】

主動語態(tài)的賓語是人稱代詞時，在變被動語態(tài)時要用其對應(yīng)的主格形式。

2.

誤用過去式代替過去分詞

例：

My

father

gives

me

ten

yuan

every

week.

【誤】

I

am

gave

ten

yuan

(by

my

father)

every

week.

【正】

I

am

given

ten

yuan(by

my

father)

every

week.

【析】

注意不規(guī)則動詞的過去式與過去分詞不一致的情況。

3.

混淆主、被動謂語結(jié)構(gòu)

例：

Does

he

do

a

lot

of

work

every

day?

【誤】

Does

a

lot

of

work

done

(by

him)

every

day?

【正】

Is

a

lot

of

work

done

(by

him)

every

day?

【析】

不要把主、被動謂語結(jié)構(gòu)混為一談，尤其在否定句、疑問句中。四、主、被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換：

主動語態(tài)：主語+及物動詞謂語動詞+賓語（+其它）

被動語態(tài)：主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞+by+賓語（+其它）

注意：

1.

主動、被動互轉(zhuǎn)時，時態(tài)不變，但有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

主動句的主語是代詞的主格形式，變成被動態(tài)by的賓語時，要用賓格形式。

主動句的賓語是代詞的賓格形式，變成被動時，要轉(zhuǎn)換為主格。

如：

(1)

People

grow

rice

in

the

south.

Rice

is

grown

(by

people)

in

the

south.

(2)

She

takes

care

of

the

baby.

The

baby

is

taken

care

of

(by

her).

2.

含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)

情態(tài)動詞

+

be

+

及物動詞的過去分詞

+（by+賓語）

如：The

work

can

be

done.

這項工作很容易做。

Other

planets

may

be

visited

in

the

future.

將來其他的星球也會有人登陸。

3.

主動句中的賓語補足語如果是不帶to的不定式，在變被動句時，要加上to

.使役動詞make/

have/

let

sb

do

sth

及感官動詞see/

hear/

feel/

notice

sb

to

do

sth

如：they

heard

a

girl

sing

in

the

next

room

(by

them).

→

a

girl

was

heard

to

sing

in

the

next

room

(by

them).

鞏固練習(xí)一．把主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。

1.

He

cleans

the

room

every

Sunday.

_______________________________________________________________2.

Farmers

grow

rice

in

the

south

.

____________________________________________________________3.

People

in

England

speak

English

_____________________________________________________________4.

We

play

football

on

the

playground

every

afternoon.

_________________________________________________________________5.

Do

you

often

watch

TV

at

home

in

the

evening

?

_____________________________________________________________________6.

She

doesn’t

finish

her

homework

____________________________________________________________________7.

They

don’t

read

that

book.

__________________________________________________________________8.

Where

do

they

watch

basketball

match

every

week?

____________________________________________________________________9.

What

does

Tom

study?

_____________________________________________________________________10.

When

do

you

listen

to

music?

_____________________________________________________________________二．把被動語態(tài)變成主動語態(tài)。

1.

keys

are

used

for

locking

.(we)

___________________________________________________________2.

Football

is

played

.(the

students)

______________________________________________________________3.

Desks

are

made

of

wood

.(workers)

_________________________________________________________________4.

Chinese

isn’t

had

in

the

classroom.(the

teacher)

____________________________________________________________________

5.

Is

this

book

read

every

day?

__________________________________________________________________6.

Where

are

bikes

made

(they)?

_________________________________________________________________7.

What

is

done

?(Lucy)

___________________________________________________________________8.

Are

the

pens

made

in

the

factory?(you

)

____________________________________________________________________9.

English

isn’t

spoken

by

people

in

China.

_____________________________________________________________________10.

We

are

given

some

money

(they).___________________________________________________________________一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)練習(xí)

一、用括號中所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.

Usually

computers

__________________(use)

to

get

information

on

the

Internet.

2.

I

_________________(ask)

to

clean

my

bedroom

every

day

by

my

mother.

3.

Trees

___________________

(plant)

in

spring.

4.

How

clean

and

tidy

your

bedroom

is!

Thank

you.

It

_________________(clean)

every

day.

5.

The

brown

desk

__________________(make)

of

wood.

6.

As

China

grows

stronger

and

stronger

,

Chinese

________________(teach)

in

more

and

more

schools

out

of

our

country.

7.

A

book

___________________

(give)

to

me

by

my

mother

on

my

birthday.

8.

He’s

seen

__________________

(go)

into

the

building

every

day.

9.

Nobody

likes

to

____________________(laugh)

at,

so

you’d

better

be

kind

to

others.

10.It

__________________(say)

that

Slumdog

Millionaire《貧民窟的百萬富翁》is

a

good

film.

二、句式轉(zhuǎn)換

1.

I

wash

dishes

every

day.(改為被動語態(tài))。

__________

__________

___________

by

me

every

day.

2.

Most

of

the

farm

work

is

done

by

machine

in

the

USA.(

改為一般疑問句)

____________________________________________________________________

3.

The

jacket

is

made

of

cotton.

(變?yōu)榉穸ň?

____________________________________________________________________

4.

French

and

English

are

spoken

in

Canada.(對劃線部分提問)。

__________

___________

___________

__________

___________

in

Canada?

5.

Tom

gives

me

a

book.(改為被動語態(tài))

A

book

____________

____________

to

me

by

Tom.

I_____________

______________

a

book

by

Tom.

6.

I

make

him

dress

himself

every

morning.(改為被動語態(tài))

_____________________________________________________________________

7.

He

takes

good

care

of

his

child.

_____________________________________________________________________

8.

I

see

him

playing

football

when

I

go

home.

He

____________

___________

playing

football

by

me

when

I

go

home.

I.將下列句子改為被動語態(tài).

(1)

People

speak

English

in

many

countries.

(2)

People

plant

a

lot

of

trees

every

year.

_____________________________________________________________________

(3)

Do

you

often

clean

your

room?

_____________________________________________________________________

(4)

They

make

this

type

of

radios

in

shanghai.

_____________________________________________________________________

(5)

Does

Mary

do

a

lot

of

reading

every

day

?

_____________________________________________________________________(6)

The

teacher

gives

us

much

homework

every

day.

_____________________________________________________________________(7)

He

usually

sees

his

grandfather

on

Sundays.

_____________________________________________________________________(8)

Workers

build

many

tall

buildings

in

Beijing.

_____________________________________________________________________(9)

The

Whites

eat

bread

in

the

morning.

_____________________________________________________________________

(10)

Mr

Black

sends

me

interesting

story

books.

_____________________________________________________________________(11)

Do

you

often

tell

them

adventures

?

_____________________________________________________________________(12)

Tom

often

makes

his

parents

laugh.

_____________________________________________________________________(13)

Teachers

let

us

study

hard.

_____________________________________________________________________(14)

Do

they

buy

presents

for

Betty’s

birthday?

_____________________________________________________________________

(15)

He

usually

mends

bikes

near

the

street.

_____________________________________________________________________(16)

He

draws

pictures

very

well.

_____________________________________________________________________

(17)

The

twins

writes

good

compositions.

_____________________________________________________________________

II.

改為主動語態(tài).

(1)

Is

the

noise

made

by

Jim?

____________________________________________________________________

(2)

He

is

given

many

presents

by

his

uncle

sometimes.___________________________________________________________________(3)

Flowers

are

watered

by

Mike

every

day.

_____________________________________________________________________(4)

They

are

often

heard

to

sing

songs

by

Tom

next

room.

_____________________________________________________________________(5)

Students

are

taught

grammar

by

teachers.

_____________________________________________________________________(6)

A

beautiful

sweater

is

chosen

by

Ling

ling.

_____________________________________________________________________

III.

單項填空.

The

young

trees

____

every

three

days.

A.

are

watered

B.

were

watered

C.

are

watering

D.

have

watered

2.

Do

you

enjoy

____

football?

I

hear

there

will

be

a

football

match

tomorrow.

A.

playing

B.

play

C.

played

D.

to

play

3.

Did

she

____

any

pictures

of

her

trip?

A.

buy

B.

take

C.

make

D.

use

4.

He

was

so

____

that

he

couldn’t