2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1Natureinthebalance泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成學案含解析牛津譯林版必修第三冊

PAGEUnit1Natureinthebalance閱讀教材P11－12的材料，選出最佳選項1．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．ATVinterviewprogrammeonpollution.B．Amagazineaboutenvironmentalpollution.C．Anewspaperaboutinvestigationexperiment.D．AtraveljournalaboutNorgate.2．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Allthelocalresidentsprotestedagainstheavyindustry.B.Factorymanagersareirresponsiblebusinessmen.C．Mostfactoriestriestheirbesttoreducethepollutionwhiletheymakeprofits.D．Fightingpollutionisjustataskforfactoriesandgovernmentdepartments.3．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thelocalpeopleareallagainstenvironmentalpollution.B.Theadvantagesofopeningafactoryoutweighthedisadvantages.C．Environmentalprotectionisalong-termtaskthatrequiresjointefforts.D．Therearedifferentviewpointsonenvironmentalpollution.[答案]1－3ACCWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)comeupwith想出，想到(教材P6)Allofthemcomeupwithcreativeideasonhowtosolvetheseproblems.他們都對如何解決這些問題提出了創(chuàng)建性的想法。[例1]Whenyouhavefinished，trytocomeupwithtwomoreeventsforeachcategory.當你完成后，每一種類盡量再提出兩個項目。[例2]Keepyoureyeonthesejokers，youneverknowwhattheywillcomeupwith.盯住這些家伙，你恒久不知道他們會想出什么來。[造句]我很驚異他能想出這么好的辦法。Iwasamazedthathe'dcomeupwithsuchasweetidea.[歸納拓展]comeabout 發(fā)生comeacross (偶然)遇見；發(fā)覺；被理解；被弄懂comeup 被提出；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)芽comeout 出來；長出；出版，發(fā)行；結(jié)果是whenitcomesto(doing)... 當談到(做)……時[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hecameacrossacatinthepark.②Hisnewalbumcameoutlastyear.③Weneedtocomeupwithabetterplanwithoutdelay.④Whenitcomestostudying(study)English，heisveryweak.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)(教材P6)Somecallfortheapplicationofmoderntechnology，andothersachangeoflifestyle.一些人要求應用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，另一些人要求變更生活方式。(1)callfor(公開)要求；須要[例1]Airpollutioncallsforourspecialconcern.空氣污染問題須要我們的特殊關(guān)注。[例2]Severalcandidateswerecalledforasecondinterview.幾位候選人被通知去參與其次次面試。[造句]這個工作須要愛和耐性。Thejobcallsforloveandpatience.[歸納拓展]callup 給……打電話；使回憶起callback 回電話；收回callon/upon 探望(人)；號召callat 探望(某地)callin 請來；召來calloff 取消[即學即練]單句語法填空①Theoldpicturecalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.②Thegovernmentcallsonthecitizenstolead(lead)agreenlife.③Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.④Inowcallon/uponthechairmantoaddressthemeeting.(2)applicationn．應用，運用；申請[例1]Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.從20世紀70年頭起，我又被開發(fā)出了很多新的用途。[例2]Barbaramadeanapplicationforajobasanurse.芭芭拉提出了應聘護士工作的申請。[造句]這項獨創(chuàng)會在工業(yè)中得到廣泛應用。Theinventionwouldhaveawiderangeofapplicationsinindustry.[歸納拓展](1)applyvt. 涂；敷；搽；應用；運用vi. 申請；懇求；運用；有效apply(to...)for... (向……)申請……applyto 適用于；與……有關(guān)applyoneselfto... 用心于……(to為介詞)apply...to... 把……運用到……；把……涂到……(2)applicantn. 申請人[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thegirldecidedtoapplyforajobinthiscompany.②Thetechnologyapplied(apply)tothisfieldwashighlythoughtof.③Studentsshouldapplythemselvestoimproving(improve)theirskills.④Inthiswaywecanbetterapplytheorytopractice.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)getridof擺脫，丟棄，扔掉(教材P11)...it'salsogivenmeacoughthatIcan'tgetridof.……它還讓我患上了咳嗽，而且老是不好。[例1]HeattachedhimselftomeatthepartyandIcouldn'tgetridofhim.在聚會上他老是纏著我，我簡直無法擺脫他。[例2]Mostpeoplehavesomeregretthattheyjustcan'tseemtogetridof.大多數(shù)人都會有一些好像擺脫不了的缺憾。[造句]我的頭疼的毛病老是不好。Ican'tget/beridofthisheadache.[歸納拓展]ridsb./sth.of... 使某人/某物擺脫……ridoneselfof... 擺脫……；從……中解脫get/beridof... 擺脫/除去……[即學即練]單句語法填空①Maybeweshouldridourselves(we)ofmoderntechnologyandreturntosimplertimes.②Iwasgladtobe(be)ridofthecarwhenIfinallysoldit.③Youshouldridyourself(you)ofthesmokinghabit.④IfIruledtheworld，Iwouldridtheworldofwars.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點4)defencen．辯護；防衛(wèi)，愛護；防衛(wèi)物；國防；防守(教材P11)Indefenceofthefactories，however，I'dliketopointoutthatwealsotrytocontroltheamountofpollutionweproduce.然而，為工廠說句公道話，我想指出，我們也在努力限制我們產(chǎn)生的污染量。[例1]Thewomanrushedthereindefenceofherchildren.這個女人沖過去愛護自己的孩子們。[例2]Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument?有什么論點能提出來為這個說法辯護呢？[造句]政府已削減了國防開支。Thegovernmenthascutbackondefencespending.[歸納拓展](1)defendvt. 辯解，辯白；防衛(wèi)，愛護，保衛(wèi)defend...against/from... 保衛(wèi)……免受……defendoneself 防衛(wèi)；為自己辯解(2)indefenceof 為了保衛(wèi)……，為……辯護[即學即練]單句語法填空①Ihavetosayinherdefence(defend)thatsheknewnothingaboutitbeforehand.②Shehadtodefendherselfagainst/fromtheguarddog.③Youmustlearntodefendyourself(you)whenbeingattacked.④Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainst/fromknifeattacks.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點5)(教材P13)consequencen．結(jié)果，后果；重要性[例1]Ifwetoywithnature，wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.假如我們戲弄自然，我們將不得不應付各種后果。[例2]Shewasfoundguilty，andlostherjobasaconsequenceofit.她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。[造句]這項確定可能對該行業(yè)造成嚴峻后果。Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.[歸納拓展](1)inconsequence＝asaconsequence＝consequently 因此asaconsequenceof 由于；因為inconsequenceof/asaconsequenceof 由于，作為……的結(jié)果(2)consequentlyadv. 結(jié)果，因此[即學即練]單句語法填空①Asaconsequenceoftherain，thetennismatchwasdelayed.②Shestudiedhard，andconsequently(consequence)shepassedtheexamination.③Thechildwasbornweakinconsequenceofaninjurytoitsmother.[小片段助記]AlotofstudentswastetheirsparetimesurfingtheInternet；asaconsequence，theyoftenfailtofinishtheirhomeworkontime.Consequently，mostofthemdopoorlyintheirgrades.Later，inconsequenceofTom'shardwork，hewaseventuallyadmittedtoNanjingUniversity.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點6)giveriseto使發(fā)生(或存在)(教材P13)Forexample，inmanypartsoftheworld，thepoorqualityofthelocaldrinkingwatergivesrisetopublichealthproblems.例如，在世界的很多地方，當?shù)仫嬘盟馁|(zhì)量低劣導致了公共衛(wèi)生問題。[例1]Lowlevelsofcholineinthebodycangiverisetohighbloodpressure.體內(nèi)膽堿含量低可引發(fā)高血壓。[例2]Thenovel'ssuccessgaverisetoanumberofsequels.這部小說的勝利帶來了一系列的續(xù)篇。[造句]它會引起普遍的貧困和苦痛。Itgaverisetowidespreadpovertyandsuffering.[歸納拓展]givethoughtto 細致考慮，思索giveadviceto 供應建議givebirthto 產(chǎn)生；分娩；引發(fā)；造成[即學即練]單句語法填空①Shehadgiventhought(think)tochangingherjobbeforeshemadethedecision.②Religiousdifferencesbetweenthemgavebirth(bear)toawar.③TheygiveadvicetopeoplewithHIVandAIDS.④Yesterday'searthquakegave(give)risetomanydeaths.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題——干脆定位法細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對文章事實細微環(huán)節(jié)的理解，在解答這類題時，可采納“干脆定位”的方法，即帶著問題找原文。思維建模——嫻熟3步解題流程[例文]CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursMorningorAfternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD．C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington，D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路途)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題的三大原則(1)解題的依次原則：一般來說題目答案的位置與題目的依次是一樣的，這能幫助我們縮小找尋范圍，大大提高解題效率。(2)關(guān)鍵詞定位原則：通過尋讀法，用題干中的關(guān)鍵詞(包括專出名詞、數(shù)詞、實體名詞、形容詞、副詞，以及這些詞的同義詞)在文中搜尋，快速確定相關(guān)詞句或信息點所在的位置，縮小閱讀范圍。[留意]文章中反復出現(xiàn)的名詞或短語沒有唯一出處，所以不能算是定位詞。(3)依據(jù)原文信息原則：做題時務必要樹立定位意識，每一題、每一選項都要回到原文中的某一處進行定