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備戰(zhàn)2022中考英語完形填空話題分類訓(xùn)練(中考真題+各地模擬題)專題60歷史人物Passage1(2021·湖北鄂州·中考真題)KarlMarxwasborninGermanyonMay5th,1818.__1__hewasachild,hewasforcedtoleavehiscountryagainandagain.HelivedinBelgium,Englandandsomeother__2__.HismothertonguewasGermanandatschoolhe__3__FrenchandEnglish,buthefelthisEnglishwaspoor.Sohe__4__uphismindtoimprovehisEnglish.Hebegantoworkhard__5__it.Hemadesomuchprogress__6__hecouldsoonreadEnglishnewspapersandwriteEnglisharticles.However,therewere__7__thingsthathethoughtweretoodifficultforhim—thegrammarandsomeoftheidioms(習(xí)語).Heoftenencouragedhimselfbysaying“__8__Ikeepontrying,I’llmakeevengreaterprogress.”Atthesametime,hisclosefriend,Engels,oftenwroteto__9__himforhishardworkinlearningEnglish.InoneofMarx’sbooks,hegavepeoplewhowerelearningaforeignlanguagesome__10__onhowtolearnitwell.Hesaidaforeignlanguagewasnecessaryforapersontohavea__11__future.Hesaidapersonshouldtranslateeverywordheheardintotheforeignlanguagehewaslearning.Ifhecoulddothis,itwouldbe__12__forhimtousethelanguagefreely.InApril,1841,he__13__hisdoctor’sdegree.Afterthat,hebegantowritearticlesforanewspaper.Hewroteaboutthehousingproblemsofpoorpeopleandtheirhardlife.__14__hetried,hedidhisbest.Duringthe1840s,MarxandEngelswroteabooktogether.Thesewordsoftheirsbecamevery__15__:“Workingpeopleofallcountries,unite(聯(lián)合)!”1.A.When B.Before C.After D.While2.A.farms B.factories C.schools D.countries3.A.haslearned B.waslearning C.learns D.learned4.A.hasmade B.makes C.made D.wasmaking5.A.on B.a(chǎn)t C.in D.for6.A.that B.what C.when D.how7.A.one B.two C.three D.four8.A.But B.If C.And D.As9.A.praise B.a(chǎn)sk C.help D.call10.A.examples B.meanings C.money D.a(chǎn)dvice11.A.good B.better C.well D.worse12.A.probably B.impossible C.possible D.perhaps13.A.gets B.receives C.hasreceived D.received14.A.Whoever B.Whenever C.Whatever D.However15.A.humorous B.understanding C.similar D.famousPassage2(2018·湖南益陽·中考真題)ConfuciusisaChinesethinkerandsocialphilosopher,whoseteachingsandphilosophyhave_______16_______influencedChinese,Korean,JapaneseandVietnamesethoughtandlife.Hisphilosophyemphasized(強調(diào))personalandgovernmentalmorality,correctnessofsocialrelationships,justiceandsincerity.ThesevaluesgainedprominenceinChinaoverotherdoctrines(學(xué)說),suchasLegalism(法家)orTaoism(道家)duringtheHanDynasty.Confucius'thoughtshave_____17_____

intoasystemofphilosophy_____18_____

asConfucianism(儒家).It_____19_____toEuropebytheItalianJesuitMatteoRicci,whowasthefirsttoLatinisethenameas"Confucius."TheformalnameofConfuciuswasKongQiu,andhewasalso____20____

Zhongni.Confuciuswasfromawarriorfamily.Hisfatherwasafamouswarrior______21______hadmilitaryexploitsintwobattlesandgotafeoff.ButConfucius____22____hisfatherwhenhewasthreeyearsold,sohelivedhardwithhismothersincehischildhood.___23___

thesupportandencouragementofhismother,Confuciuswasverydiligentinhisstudies.

______24______hehadamildwifewholovedhim,hestilllefthisfamilyandstrivedforhisideals.ConfuciuswantedtorevivetheperfectvirtueofHuaxiaandtheclassicalpropertiesoftheWesternZhouDynastyfor_____25_____agreatharmoniousandhumanisticsociety.16.A.deep B.deeply C.wide17.A.develop B.developed C.beendeveloped18.A.know B.known C.beknown19.A.introduced B.isintroduced C.wasintroduced20.A.call B.name C.called21.A.who B.that C.which22.A.lose B.lost C.waslost23.A.Under B.With C.To24.A.But B.Though C.Because25.A.build B.building C.setupPassage3(2019·江蘇鹽城·中考真題)TheSecretSoldierAyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,laydyinginahospitalbed.Hewastoo__26__tospeakormove.Twomenstoodoverhim."Ithinkthisyoungmanhas___27___,"onemansaid."I’lltakehisjacketandboots,"saidtheother.Robertgatheredallofhisstrengthto___28___,"I…I’malive."ThedoctorcamerunningoverasRobertfellintoaa(昏迷)."Wecan_29_him,"hesaidasheexaminedtheyoungsoldier,"Oh,my!He’sa__30__!"Itwastrue.Theyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,wasreallyDeborahSampson.__31__whowasshe?DeborahSampsonhadgrownupinMassachusetts,livingasaservant.She__32__ofhavinggreatadventures(冒險).__33__theRevolutionaryWarbrokeoutin1775,womenwerenotallowedtoserveinthearmy.ButDeborah__34__herselfasamanandbecameasolider.ShecalledherselfRobertShurtliff.Oneday,duringanattack,Deborahwasshotintheneckand__35__.AnothersoldierliftedDeborahintohishorseandrodehertothe__36__.Adoctortreatedthewoundonherbackandaskedif_37_hadanyotherinjuries.Deborahliedandsaidno.Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg,hewoulddiscoverher_38_.Usingapocketknife,Deborahgotthebullet(子彈)outofherownleg.She_39_tofightasasoldier.Afterthewarended,Deborahgotmarriedandhadchildren.Butshestilllongedfor_40_.Sosheputonhersoldier’suniformandtravelledaroundthecountrytellingofherlifeasyoung,bravesoldier,RobertShurtliff.26.A.busy B.weak C.surprised D.strong27.A.gotup B.lostheart C.passedaway D.gotlost28.A.whisper B.cry C.shout D.laugh29.A.a(chǎn)ccept B.kill C.support D.save30.A.soldier B.mother C.woman D.father31.A.Though B.But C.Or D.However32.A.died B.talked C.heard D.dreamed33.A.When B.While C.Until D.Since34.A.worked B.dressed C.a(chǎn)cted D.lived35.A.a(chǎn)rm B.hand C.leg D.stomach36.A.hospital B.library C.studio D.bedroom37.A.she B.he C.it D.they38.A.a(chǎn)ppearance B.a(chǎn)bility C.beauty D.secret39.A.failed B.continued C.a(chǎn)greed D.planned40.A.home B.fashion C.peace D.a(chǎn)dventurePassage4(2019·江蘇宿遷·中考真題)Attheageof16,Einsteinfailedinseveralexamsbecauseheoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.Oneweekendmorning,Einsteincarriedafishingnetandpreparedtogofishingwiththose____41____,hisfatherstoppedhimandsaidtohimcalmly,”Einstein,youwerespendingtoomuchtime___42___,soyoufailedintheexams.I’m___43___aboutyourfuturewithyourmother.”“Whatareyouworryingabout?JackandRobertalso___44___,buttheywentfishingasusual.”“Myboy,youcan’tthinkso,”LookingatEinstein,hisfathersaidlovingly,“Thereisa__45__inourhometown.Ihopeyoucanlistentoitcarefully.”“Thereweretwocatsplayingontheroof.___46___,theyfellintothechimney(煙囪).Whentheyclimbedoutofthechimney,onecat’sfacewasdirty___47___theother’sfacewasclean.Seeingthedirtyfacedcat,thecleanfacedonethoughtitsownfacewasalsodirty,soitquicklyrantotheriversideandwashedits___48___.Thedirtyfacedcatsawthecleanfacedone,thinkingitsownfacewascleanaswell,soitwalkedhappilyinthestreet.”“Einstein,___49___canbeyourmirror(鏡子).Onlyyouareyourownmirror.Someofthekidsarenotstrictwiththemselves.Ifyoutakethemtobeyourmirror,evena___50___personmaybeestupid.”Hearingthis,Einsteinwasashamedandlaydownhisfishingrodandreturnedtohissmallroom.Sincethen,Einstein’sfaceturnedred.Heputdownhisfishingnetandreturnedtohissmallroom.Afterthat,Einsteinoftentookhimselfasamirrortobe___51___withhimselfandkepttellinghimself.“Iamspecial,soIneedn’tbeasmonasothers.”ThiswaswhyEinstein___52___inhiscareer.1,000peoplehave1,000kindsofwishesinlife.Differentwisheswillproducedifferent___53___aboutlife.Youcanlearnfromotherpeople,butyoucan___54___followotherspletely.Youmustseeyourselfclearly,andknowwhatyouwanttoget.Yourfuturedoesn’t____55____howothersact,butonwhatyouaregoingtoact.41.A.a(chǎn)dults B.kids C.teachers D.a(chǎn)rtists42.A.playing B.working C.reading D.studying43.A.excited B.curious C.worried D.crazy44.A.checked B.passed C.dreamed D.failed45.A.song B.story C.speech D.saying46.A.Luckily B.Hopefully C.Suddenly D.Naturally47.A.while B.or C.so D.for48.A.mouth B.tail C.nose D.face49.A.somebody B.nobody C.a(chǎn)nybody D.everybody50.A.poor B.rich C.lazy D.clever51.A.tired B.a(chǎn)ngry C.strict D.satisfied52.A.regretted B.graduated C.succeeded D.survived53.A.ideas B.reasons C.mistakes D.secrets54.A.sometimes B.often C.a(chǎn)lways D.never55.A.tryon B.dependon C.liveon D.insistonPassage5(2021·陜西隴縣·二模)ZhugeLiangwasawisemaninthelateEasternHanDynasty.ItwassaidthatLiuBeicouldunify(統(tǒng)一)thecountryonlywiththehelpofZhugeLiang,___56___hewenttohishousewithGuanYuandZhangFei.ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.Theyhadto___57___.___58___asnowyday,theycametoZhugeLiang’shouseagain.LiuBeisawayoungman___59___.HemadeabowtotheyoungmanandaskedifhewasZhugeLiang.“Youhavethe___60___person,”theyoungmansaid.“I’mZhugeLiang’sbrother.Hewenttoafriend’shome.”Again,theydidn’tseeZhugeLiang.Thenanewyearcame.LiuBei,GuanYuandZhangFeicametoZhugeLiangshousefora___61___time.Thistime,ZhugeLiangwasathome,buthewassleeping.TheywaiteduntilZhugeLian___62___.ThewisemanwasdeeplymovedbyLiuBei’s___63___.Theytalkedaboutthesituationofthecountry.LiuBeiaskedZhugeLiang___64___hismilitaryadviser(軍師)andZhugeLianghelpedLiuBeibuilduphiskingdom.LiuBeisaidtoGuanYuandZhangFei,“ZhugeLiangtome___65___watertofish!”ZhugeLianghelpedLiuBeiuntilhisdeath.56.A.so B.but C.or D.because57.A.goout B.goback C.wentback D.goin58.A.In B.On C.At D.By59.A.reading B.read C.isreading D.reads60.A.right B.wise C.wrong D.young61.A.third B.second C.fourth D.fifth62.A.wakeup B.wokeup C.a(chǎn)wake D.getup63.A.visit B.patience C.try D.words64.A.toprotect B.tochange C.tobe D.tohelp65.A.like B.lookslike C.likes D.islikePassage6(2021·山東岱岳·二模)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中,選出能填入短文相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。DuringtheJinDynasty(265—420),therewasachildnamedCheYin.Hewassmartandlovedtoread.Hegrewupinapoorfamilyandcouldn’t____66____lamp(燈)oiltostudyatnight.Onenight,hesawfireflies(螢火蟲)outsidehishouseand____67____upwithanidea.Hecaughtsomefirefliesinaclothbagandhungthebagup____68____alamp.Itwassaidthathespentallofhissummernightsreadinglikethis.AnotherchildnamedSunKang____69____livedduringthesametimeperiodalsolovedreading.Onewinternight,Sun_____70_____allofhislampoilandcouldn’tstudyatnight.Whenhesuddenlywokeupatmidnight,hesawthethicksnowreflectingthemoonlightoutsidehishouse.Hisfirst____71____was“Oh,Icanusethereflected____72____toread!”Hetookouthisbooksandread,____73____hefeltcoldverymuch.____74____kidslaterbecamesuccessfulgovernmentofficials.Peopleweretouchedbytheir____75____spiritandthat’showtheChineseidiom(成語)“nangyingyingxue(囊螢映雪)”camefrom.66.A.spend B.a(chǎn)fford C.take67.A.came B.put C.caught68.A.a(chǎn)s B.like C.to69.A.which B.what C.who70.A.gaveaway B.usedup C.ranout71.A.work B.suggestion C.idea72.A.snow B.light C.sunshine73.A.eventhough B.sothat C.unless74.A.All B.Both C.Every75.A.hardworking B.honest C.kindPassage7(2021·湖北·模擬預(yù)測)Earlyinthe16thcentury,itwasdifficultforpeopletolivewithoutenoughfood.Solotsofpeopletriedhard____76____Asiatogainwealth.InordertofindAsia,theyhadtofindawaytopassSouthAfricabasedon___77___theyhadknownaboutalltheroutes.Theman____78____finallyfoundthewayfromtheAtlanticOceantothePacificwasFerdinandMagellan.MagellansailedfromSevilleinAugust,1519,

____79____fiveshipsandabout280men.Fourteenmonthslater,after____80____thecoldwinteronthecoastofPatagonia,hediscoveredthechannel(海峽)whichisnowcalledMagellanStraits.InNovember,1520,aftermanymonthsof____81____fromrocksandstorms,thethreeremainingshipsseemedtoeclosetothesuccess.TheysailedintotheoceanfromtheothersideofSouthAmerica___82___.Theythen____83____,hopingtoreachAsia.Buttheycouldn'tseeanyland____84____theyreachedtheislandsoffthecoastofAsia.What'sworse,beforetheyarrivedat____85____islands,whichwaslaterknownasPhilippines,mostofthemhadalreadydiedofstarvation.WhiletheywerestayinginthePhilippines,Magellan____86____inabattle.TheremainingofficersthenhadtogetbacktoSpain.TheydecidedtosailaroundAfrica.After_____87_____difficulties,oneshipwitheighteenmensailedintoSevillethreeyearsafterleaving.TheywereallthatremainedofMagellan'sexpedition(探險隊),whichwasoneof_____88_____expeditionsintheworld.TheadventureofMagellan'sexpeditiontoldusthatwhenfacingdifficulties,we_____89_____notgiveupeasily.Instead,weneedtobeconfidentof_____90_____andtriedourbesttofightagainstthem.76.A.reach B.reached C.toreach D.reaches77.A.how B.what C.where D.which78.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which79.A.for B.with C.without D.by80.A.spend B.spending C.spent D.tospend81.A.dangers B.dangerous C.dangerously D.danger82.A.success B.successful C.successfully D.succeed83.A.continues B.wascontinuing C.continued D.hascontinued84.A.while B.a(chǎn)fter C.since D.until85.A.a(chǎn) B.a(chǎn)n C.the D./86.A.killed B.waskilled C.killing D.hadkilled87.A.many B.a(chǎn)ny C.few D.little88.A.great B.thegreatest C.greater D.mostgreatest89.A.would B.should C.might D.need90.A.our B.us C.ourselves D.wePassage8(2019·內(nèi)蒙古·翁牛特旗烏丹第一中學(xué)一模)通讀下面短文,從每小題A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。請將正確答案序號按要求涂在答題卡指定的位置上。MulanCiisafamousChineseancientpoem.IttellsastoryofagirlnamedHuaMulaninNorthernWeiDynasty.Mulan’scountrywasn’tso___91___thatitwasdestroyedbytheenemiesattimes.Toprotectthecountry,theemperorrequiredonemanfromeachfamily___92___thearmy.Theonlymaninherfamily,her60yearoldfatherhadtojoin.Mulandecidedtotaketheplaceofhim.Atthattime,womenwerenot___93___toenlist(入伍).Inordernottobeseenthrough,shedressedherselfup___94___aman.Inthearmy,Mulanactedjustlikeaman.Shespokeinaman’s___95___,walkedwithbigsteps.Duringthebattles,shewasas___96___asaman.Also,shewasverysmart.Shealwayshadgood___97___thathelpedbeattheirenemies.Atlast,HuaMulan’sarmywonthe___98___victory(勝利).TheemperorofferedMulanahighofficialpositionto___99___hercourageandachievement,butsherefused.Whenshechangedbacktoherwomen’sclothes,allherrades(戰(zhàn)友)were____100____shocked.Mulan’sstorymightbealegend(傳說;傳奇).Butherachievementiswellworthlearning.91.A.weak B.strong C.weakly D.strongly92.A.takepartin B.joinning C.tojoin D.totakepartin93.A.a(chǎn)llowed B.a(chǎn)llow C.toallow D.a(chǎn)llowing94.A.a(chǎn)s B.for C.with D.a(chǎn)bout95.A.sound B.voice C.shout D.noise96.A.scared B.nervous C.lazy D.brave97.A.news B.information C.thoughts D.knowledge98.A.finally B.final C.begin D.beginning99.A.remember B.serve C.support D.praise100.A.recent B.recently C.great D.greatly參考答案:1.A2.D3.D4.C5.B6.A7.B8.B9.A10.D11.B12.C13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了馬克思因為英語比較薄弱而努力學(xué)習(xí)英語的故事,并把他學(xué)習(xí)語言的經(jīng)驗寫在了書里,他獲得了博士學(xué)位后,他開始寫有關(guān)窮人居住和艱難生活的文章,無論他做什么,他都會盡自己最大的努力。1.句意:當(dāng)他還是個孩子的時候,他被迫一次又一次地離開他的國家。When當(dāng)……時;Before在……之前;After在……之后;While當(dāng)……時。根據(jù)“hewasachild,hewasforcedtoleavehiscountryagainandagain”可知,在孩子時不斷離開國家,force是短暫性動詞,用when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,故選A。2.句意:他住在比利時、英國和其他一些國家。farms農(nóng)場;factories工廠;schools學(xué)校;countries國家。根據(jù)“Belgium,England”可知,還住在一些其他的國家,故選D。3.句意:在學(xué)校他學(xué)了法語和英語。haslearned現(xiàn)在完成時;waslearning過去進行時;learns一般現(xiàn)在時;learned動詞過去式。根據(jù)“was”及“felt”可知,句子是一般過去時,動詞用過去式,故選D。4.句意:所以他下定決心提高英語。hasmade現(xiàn)在完成時;makes一般現(xiàn)在時;made動詞過去式;wasmaking過去進行時。整段用的都是一般過去時,故此空動詞也用過去式,故選C。5.句意:他開始努力工作。on在……上;at在;in在……里;for為了。固定搭配:workhardat“努力從事于”,故選B。6.句意:他進步很大,很快就能讀英文報紙和寫英文文章了。that以至于;what什么;when何時;how怎樣。固定搭配:so…that表示“如此……以至于”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,故選A。7.句意:然而,他認為有兩件事對他來說太難了——語法和一些習(xí)語。one一;two二;three三;four四。根據(jù)“thegrammarandsomeoftheidioms”可知,是有兩件困難的事,故選B。8.句意:如果我繼續(xù)努力,我會取得更大的進步。But但是;If如果;And和;As由于?!癐keepontrying”與“I’llmakeevengreaterprogress”是條件關(guān)系,用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,故選B。9.句意:同時,他的好朋友Engels經(jīng)常寫信贊揚他努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。praise表揚;ask詢問;help幫助;call打。根據(jù)“forhishardworkinlearningEnglish”可知,因為他努力學(xué)習(xí)英語而表揚他,故選A。10.句意:在Marx的一本書中,他對正在學(xué)習(xí)外語的人提出了一些如何學(xué)好外語的建議。examples例子;meanings意思;money錢;advice建議。根據(jù)“onhowtolearnitwell”可知,是給了一些如何學(xué)好外語的建議,故選D。11.句意:他說一門外語對于一個人有一個更好的未來是必要的。good好的;better更好;well好地;worse更差。根據(jù)“aforeignlanguagewasnecessaryforapersontohavea…future”可知,這有利于一個人有一個更好的未來,故選B。12.句意:如果他能做到這一點,他就有可能自由地使用這種語言。probably可能地;impossible不可能的;possible可能的;perhaps或許。be動詞后接形容詞作表語,排除A選項。如何能把聽到的每個單詞都翻譯成自己正在學(xué)的語言,那自由地使用這種語言是很有可能的,故選C。13.句意:1841年4月,他獲得了博士學(xué)位。gets得到;receives收到,動詞三單形式;hasreceived收到,現(xiàn)在完成時;received收到,動詞過去式。時間狀語“InApril,1841”是一般過去時的標(biāo)志詞,動詞用過去式,故選D。14.句意:無論他做什么,他都盡力了。Whoever無論誰;Whenever無論何時;Whatever無論什么;However無論怎樣。此空要做動詞tried的賓語,用whatever表示“無論做了什么”,故選C。15.句意:他們的這些話變得非常有名。humorous幽默的;understanding有理解力的;similar相似的;famous出名的。根據(jù)“Thesewordsoftheirsbecamevery”及常識可知,馬克思和恩格斯之前說的一些話在如今變得很出名,故選D。16.B17.C18.B19.C20.C21.A22.B23.B24.B25.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了中國偉大的思想家和教育家孔子。孔子三歲喪父,在媽媽的支持和鼓勵下,他勤奮好學(xué),吸收眾家之長,努力建設(shè)一個和諧、人文的偉大社會。其教學(xué)法和思想對中國,韓國,日本和越南的思想和生活影響很深。16.句意:他的教法和哲理深刻影響了中國、韓國、日本和越南的思想和生活。deep深地,指具體情況;deeply深地,指抽象概念;wide寬的。根據(jù)“influencedChinese…thoughtandlife.”因此可知這是抽象的影響。故選B。17.句意:孔子的思想已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了一個著名的儒家哲學(xué)體系。develop形成,一般現(xiàn)在時;developed形成,過去式或過去分詞;beendeveloped被形成,被動形式。根據(jù)“Confucius'thoughtshave...intoasystemofphilosophy”空格前面的詞語是have,所以要用過去分詞來構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。18.句意:孔子的思想已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了一個著名的儒家哲學(xué)體系。know知道,一般現(xiàn)在時;known知道,過去分詞;beknown被知道,被動形式。根據(jù)“asConfucianism(儒家)”以及整句的含義,可知此空考查knownas,過去分詞短語作后置定語,意思是“作為…而聞名”。故選B。19.句意:它被意大利傳教士利瑪竇介紹到歐洲。introduced介紹,一般過去時;isintroduced被介紹,一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài);wasintroduced被介紹,一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“It…theItalianJesuitMatteoRicci”空格后面的詞語是by,因此可知這句話要用被動語態(tài)來填空;又因為利瑪竇介紹孔子的思想是過去的情況,所以要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。20.句意:孔子的正式名字叫孔丘,他也被叫作仲尼。call叫,一般現(xiàn)在時;name命名;called叫,過去分詞。根據(jù)空格前面用了hewas,謂語和賓語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系,所以是被動態(tài),空格處要用過去分詞來填空。故選C。21.句意:他父親是一個著名的武士,他在兩次戰(zhàn)役中戰(zhàn)功卓著,并獲得了封地。who誰,指人;that那個,指人或指物;which哪個,指物。根據(jù)先行詞是“warrior”并且引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作主語,所以要用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選A。22.句意:但是孔子在他三歲的時候失去了父親,自從童年時代就和媽媽一起過著艱苦的生活。lose失去,一般現(xiàn)在時;lost失去,一般過去時;waslost被失去,一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“sohelivedhardwithhismothersincehischildhood”在孔子小時候開始,他和他媽媽一起生活,可知要用一般過去時來填空。故選B。23.句意:在媽媽的支持和鼓勵下,孔子勤奮學(xué)習(xí)。Under在…下面;with和;to到。Withthesupportandencouragementof…的含義為“在……的支持和鼓勵下”,固定搭配。故選B。24.句意:盡管他有個溫柔賢惠的愛他的妻子,但是他仍然離開家去追求他的理想。But但是;Though盡管;Because因為。根據(jù)“hehadamildwifewholovedhim,”以及“hestilllefthisfamilyandstrivedforhisideals”,前后兩句有讓步關(guān)系。故選B。25.句意:孔子想接受華夏民族的美德和西周的經(jīng)典特性,建設(shè)一個和諧、人文的偉大社會。build建設(shè),一般現(xiàn)在時;building動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞;setup建起。根據(jù)空格前面的詞語是介詞for,所以要用動名詞來填空。故選B?!军c睛】26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.C36.A37.A38.D39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文講述了黛博拉·桑普森一個女人喜歡冒險,于是她裝扮成男人參軍的的故事。26.句意:他太虛弱了,不能說話或走動。busy忙的,weak虛弱的,surprised驚訝的,strong強壯的。根據(jù)前文laydyinginahospitalbed可知他非常“虛弱的”,故選B。27.句意:“我想這個年輕人已經(jīng)去世了,”一個人說。gotup起床,lostheart失去信心,passedaway去世,gotlost丟失。根據(jù)前文他太虛弱而不能說話也不能走動,所以別人認為他已經(jīng)死了,故選C。28.句意:羅伯特用盡全力低聲說:“我……我還活著。”whisper低聲說,cry大聲哭喊,shout大喊,大叫,laugh大笑。根據(jù)語境,他非常虛弱,所以只能“低聲說”,故選A。29.句意:“我們可以救他,”他一邊檢查那個年輕士兵一邊說,“哦,天哪!他是個女人!”accept接受,kill殺掉,support支持。save挽救,節(jié)約。醫(yī)生跑過來為他檢查,所以可以推測醫(yī)生想“挽救他”,故選D。30.句意:參考第4小題。soldier士兵,mother媽媽,woman女人,father爸爸。根據(jù)后文whowasshe?可知這個年輕士兵是個女人,故選C。31.句意:但她是誰?though雖然,but但是表示轉(zhuǎn)折;or或者,否則;however然而;后面需要用逗號隔開。根據(jù)語境,我們現(xiàn)在只知道她是個女的,是黛博拉·桑普森,但是她到底是個什么人我們?nèi)匀徊恢?,所以這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折,故選B。32.句意:她夢想著去冒險。died死;talked談話,heard聽到,dreamed夢想。根據(jù)句意及句子中的of,可知表示夢想dreamof….,故選D。33.句意:1775年革命戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時,婦女不被允許參軍。when當(dāng)…時候,while當(dāng)…時候,后面一般跟延續(xù)性動詞;until直到;since自從。根據(jù)句意,這里表示“當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的時候”,且brokeout是短暫性動詞,故選A。34.句意:黛博拉卻穿得像個勇士,成為一個戰(zhàn)士。work工作,dress打扮,穿衣服,act扮演,live生活,居住。結(jié)合句意及句子中的as可知,用到短語dresssbas把某人裝扮成….,故選B。35.句意:一天,在一次襲擊中,黛博拉的脖子和腿中彈。arm胳膊,hand手,leg腿,stomach胃部。根據(jù)后文Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg,可知她的腿受了傷,故選C。36.句意:另一個士兵把黛博拉抬進馬車里,帶她去了醫(yī)院。hospital醫(yī)院;library圖書館;studio工作室;bedroom臥室。根據(jù)后文Adoctortreatedthewoundonherback可推測,另一個士兵帶她去了醫(yī)院,故選A。37.句意:一位醫(yī)生治療了她背部的傷口,并詢問她是否還有其他受傷。根據(jù)語境,醫(yī)生在問黛博拉是否有其它地方受傷,所以這里代詞用來替代黛博拉,故選A。38.句意:她擔(dān)心如果醫(yī)生檢查她的腿,他會發(fā)現(xiàn)她的秘密。appearance表面,ability能力,beauty美麗,secret秘密。根據(jù)上下文,她不讓醫(yī)生檢查她的腿是因為害怕醫(yī)生看出她是個女人,所以這是一個秘密,故選D。39.句意:她繼續(xù)以士兵的身份戰(zhàn)斗。A.失敗,B.繼續(xù),C.同意,D.計劃。根據(jù)句意,他受傷自己取出子彈之后繼續(xù)奮斗,故選B。40.句意:但她仍然渴望冒險。A.家,B.時尚,C.和平,D.冒險;根據(jù)后文Sosheputonhersoldier’suniformandtravelledaroundthecountry他她穿上士兵的制服,周游全國,可知她仍然渴望冒險,故選D。【點睛】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了黛博拉·桑普森一個女人喜歡冒險,于是她裝扮成男人參軍的的故事,章內(nèi)容比較易于理解。完形填空屬于綜合運用題,主要考察學(xué)生在具體語境中對語言的運用,做題時既需要對文章的理解,又需要一定的辨析推測能力。做題時應(yīng)先通讀全文,再根據(jù)對四個選項的辨析,推測出正確答案,同時注意空前后的搭配。按照由易到難的順序做完后,要再讀一遍短文進行檢查。例如第1小題,此題考察對形容詞的辨析,根據(jù)前文

laydyinginahospitalbed再結(jié)合四個選項可知,只有weak最符合語境,故選B。41.B42.A43.C44.D45.B46.C47.A48.D49.B50.D51.C52.C53.A54.D55.B【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文講述了貪玩的少年愛因斯坦,聽了爸爸講的兩只掉進煙囪的貓的故事后,把自己當(dāng)作一面鏡子,嚴格要求自己,最終走向事業(yè)成功的故事,啟發(fā)我們,不同的愿望會產(chǎn)生不同的人生觀,自己的未來并不取決于別人怎么做,而是取決于自己打算怎么做。41.句意:一個周末的早晨,愛因斯坦拿著一個漁網(wǎng),準(zhǔn)備和那些孩子一起去釣魚??疾槊~辨析。A.成人;B.小孩;C.教師;D.藝術(shù)家。根據(jù)上文heoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.可知選B。42.句意:你花了太多的時間玩,所以你考試不及格??疾閯釉~辨析。A.玩耍;B.工作;C.閱讀;D.學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)開頭Attheageof16,Einsteinfailedinseveralexamsbecauseheoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.可知選A。43.句意:我和你媽媽很擔(dān)心你的未來??疾樾稳菰~辨析。A.興奮的;B.好奇的;C.擔(dān)心的;D.瘋狂的。根據(jù)上文youwerespendingtoomuchtimeplaying,soyoufailedintheexams.可知爸爸媽媽很擔(dān)心他,worryabout符合句意,故選C。44.句意:杰克和羅伯特也不及格,但他們像往常一樣去釣魚了??疾閯釉~辨析。A.檢查;B.通過;C.夢想;D.失敗。also也,根據(jù)句意語境,可知杰克和羅伯特也沒考及格,ABC三項意思都不合句意,故選D。45.句意:在我們家鄉(xiāng)有一個故事??疾槊~辨析。A.歌曲;B.故事;C.演講;D.諺語。根據(jù)下文兩只貓的故事,可知story符合句意,故選B。46.句意:突然,他們掉進了煙囪??疾楦痹~辨析。A.幸運的是;B.希望;C.突然;D.自然地。根據(jù)theyfellintothechimney可知ABD三項意思都不合句意,故知選C。47.句意:當(dāng)他們從煙囪里爬出來時,一只貓的臉是臟的,而另一只貓的臉是干凈的??疾檫B詞辨析。A.而,表對比,連接并列結(jié)構(gòu);B.或者,表選擇;C.所以,表結(jié)果;D.因為,表原因。本句對兩只貓進行對比,根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,可知選A。48.句意:看到這只臟臉的貓,干凈的那只以為自己的臉也臟了,所以它很快跑到河邊洗了臉??疾槊~辨析。A.嘴巴;B.尾巴;C.鼻子;D.臉。so所以,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句;根據(jù)上文Seeingthedirtyfacedcat,thecleanfacedonethoughtitsownfacewasalsodirty,可知干凈的那只貓以為自己的臉也臟了就很快跑到河邊去洗臉,故選D。49.句意:愛因斯坦,沒有人能成為你的鏡子??疾椴欢ù~辨析。nobody沒有人,表否定;anybody任何人,用于否定句、疑問句;somebody某人,表示不確定;everybody每個人。根據(jù)下文Onlyyouareyourownmirror.可知沒有人能成為你的鏡子,故選B。50.句意:如果你把他們當(dāng)成你的鏡子,即使聰明的人也會變得愚蠢??疾樾稳菰~辨析。A.貧窮的;B.富有的;C.懶惰的;D.聰明的。even甚至,表讓步;根據(jù)evenacleverpersonmaybee可知會變得愚蠢,故選D。51.句意:從那以后,愛因斯坦經(jīng)常把自己當(dāng)作一面鏡子,嚴格要求自己。考查形容詞辨析。A.疲倦的;B.憤怒的;C.嚴格的;D.滿意的。bestrictwith對某人嚴格要求;根據(jù)句意語境,可知ABD三項意思都不合句意,故選C。52.句意:這就是愛因斯坦事業(yè)成功的原因??疾閯釉~辨析。A.遺憾;B.畢業(yè);C.成功;D.幸存。inhiscareer在事業(yè)上,根據(jù)Einsteinoftentookhimselfasamirrortobestrictwithhimself可知這是他事業(yè)成功的原因,故選C。53.句意:不同的愿望會產(chǎn)生不同的人生觀??疾槊~辨析。A.想法;B.原因;C.錯誤;D.秘密。aboutlife關(guān)于人生的;根據(jù)句意語境,可知ideas符合句意,故選A。54.句意:你可以向別人學(xué)習(xí),但你永遠不能完全跟隨別人??疾楦痹~辨析。A.有時;B.經(jīng)常;C.總是;D.從不,表否定。but但是,表轉(zhuǎn)折;根據(jù)followotherspletely可知不能完全跟隨別人,never符合句意,故選D。55.句意:你的未來并不取決于別人怎么做,而是取決于你打算怎么做。考查動短語詞辨析。A.試穿;B.依賴,取決于;C.靠…過活;D.堅持。根據(jù)butonwhatyouaregoingtoact.可知dependon符合句意,故選B。【點睛】完形填空。完形填空集閱讀理解、語法、詞法、句法于一體,考查語言的綜合運用能力,是難度最大的題目。解題的方法要帶著空,通讀文章,搞清事件發(fā)生的背景;再讀全文,搞清短文內(nèi)容;最后根據(jù)句意,聯(lián)系上下文確定每個空的正確答案。它的主要題型有(1)考查詞義辨析:名詞辨析,形容詞副詞辨析,冠詞辨析,介詞連詞辨析等;(2)考查句子時態(tài),語態(tài),要根據(jù)語境,選擇正確的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的選項;(3)考查從句(賓語從句,定語從句,主語從句等);(4)根據(jù)固定句型或短語結(jié)合語境選擇正確的選項。本題主要考查單詞或短語辨析,做此類型題時,要知道每一個詞的意義,然后結(jié)合上下文背景語境,選擇適合語境的選項。56.A57.B58.B59.A60.C61.A62.B63.B64.C65.D【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了劉備三顧茅廬請“諸葛亮”出山的故事。56.句意:據(jù)說,劉備只有在諸葛亮的幫助下才能統(tǒng)一國家。因此,劉備帶著關(guān)羽、張飛去到他的家中。so因此;but但是;or或者;because因為??涨翱蘸笫且蚬P(guān)系,屬于前因后果,所以空處用so連接。故選A。57.句意:他們不得不回去。goout出去;goback回去;wentback是goback的過去式;goin參加。havetodosth“不得不做某事”,空處用動詞原形;根據(jù)“ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.”可知,諸葛亮不在家,所以他們得回去。故選B。58.句意:一個下雪天,他們又來到了諸葛亮家In后跟年、月、季節(jié)等時間;On后跟具體的某一天的時間;At后跟時刻鐘;By通過。“asnowyday”是具體的某一天,用介詞on。故選B。59.句意:劉備看見一個年輕人在看書。reading讀,動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞;read讀,動詞原形;isreading正在讀,現(xiàn)在進行時;reads讀,動詞三單形式。seesbdoingsth“看見某人正在做某事”,空處強調(diào)的是正在進行的動作,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A。60.句意:“你們認錯人了,”年輕人說。right爭取的;wise明智的;wrong錯誤的;young年輕的。根據(jù)“I’mZhugeLiang’sbrother”可知,這位年輕人是說“認錯人了”。故選C。61.句意:劉備、關(guān)羽、張飛第三次來到諸葛亮家。third第三;second第二;fourth第四;fifth第五。根據(jù)上文“hewenttohishousewithGuanYuandZhangFei.ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.”和“asnowyday,theycametoZhugeLiang’shouseagain”可知,他們已經(jīng)去過諸葛亮家兩次了,所以這應(yīng)是第三次。故選A。62.句意:他們一直等到諸葛亮醒來。wakeup醒來,動詞原形;wokeup醒來,動詞過去式;awake醒著的;getup起床。根據(jù)“buthewassleeping”可知,此處指“他們等諸葛亮醒來”,講的是過去的事情,所以此處用動詞的過去式。故選B。63.句意:劉備的耐心深深打動了智者。visi拜訪;patience耐心;try嘗試;words言語。由上文可知,劉備登門三次來請諸葛亮,而且等候諸葛亮醒來,由此可見,他是很有耐心的,故選B。64.句意:劉備請諸葛亮做他的軍師,諸葛亮幫助劉備建立了他的王國。toprotect保護;tochange改變;tobe成為;tohelp幫助。根據(jù)“LiuBeiaskedZhugeLiang...hismilitaryadviser”可知,劉備請諸葛亮做他的軍師,故選C。65.句意:我對諸葛亮來說就像水對魚一樣!like喜歡;lookslike看起來像;likes喜歡,動詞三單形式;islike像。本句考查固定句型AtoBislikeCtoD“A對B來說就像C對D一樣”,固定用法。故選D。66.B67.A68.A69.C70.B71.C72.B73.A74.B75.A【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了古代兩個勤奮讀書的人的故事。66.句意:他在一個貧窮的家庭長大,買不起燈油在晚上學(xué)習(xí)。spend花費;afford負擔(dān)得起;take花費。根據(jù)“Hegrewupinapoorfamily”可知,家里太窮買不起燈油,故選B。67.句意:一天晚上,他看到屋外有螢火蟲,于是有了一個主意。came來;put放;caught抓住。固定搭配:eupwith“提出,想出”,故選A。68.句意:他在布袋里捉了幾只螢火蟲,把布袋掛起來當(dāng)燈。as作為;like像;to到。根據(jù)“hungthebagup…alamp”可知,把裝有螢火蟲的布袋作為燈籠一樣掛起來,故選A。69.句意:另一個名叫孫康的孩子生活在同一時期,也喜歡閱讀。which定語從句中先行詞指物;what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句;who定語從句中先行詞指人。此句是定語從句,先行詞SunKang指人,在從句中作主語,用關(guān)系詞who,故選C。70.句意:一個冬天的晚上,孫康用光了所有的燈油,不能在晚上學(xué)習(xí)了。gaveaway贈送;usedup用完;ranout耗盡。根據(jù)“couldn’tstudyatnight”可知,用光了燈油所以不能在晚上學(xué)習(xí),runout是不及物動詞短語,后面不能直接接賓語,故選B。71.句意:他的第一個主意就是……。work工作;suggestion建議;idea主意。因為看到燈光反射出來的亮光有了主意,故選C。72.句意:哦,我可以用反射的光來閱讀。snow雪;light光;sunshine太陽。根據(jù)“hesawthethicksnowreflectingthemoonlightoutsidehishouse”可知,利用雪地里反射的光閱讀,故選B。73.句意:他拿出書讀了起來,盡管他覺得很冷。eventhough盡管;sothat以便于;unless除非。“Hetookouthisbooksandread”與“hefeltcoldverymuch”是讓步關(guān)系,用eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,故選A。74.句意:兩個孩子后來都成為了成功的政府官員。All都(三者或三者以上);Both都(兩者之間);Every每個。根據(jù)“therewasachil

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