Unit2 Learning About Language and Using Language 詞匯精講課堂

版本：新人教單元：選擇性必修一

Unit2

(LearningAboutLanguage—AssessingYourProgress)詞匯課堂1.combinecom-(together一起)+bine(twobytwo二)；基本義是“使兩者合在一起”2.artificial詞塊：artificialintelligence(AI)3.predict&predictionpredict：pre-(before前、先)+dict(tosay說(shuō))→事先說(shuō)→預(yù)言近義詞：forecast派生詞：prediction(makeaprediction)4.occupation近義詞：job5.opposeop-(對(duì)面)

+pos(放置)

+-e→置于相反位置或立場(chǎng)→反對(duì)、抵制詞塊：opposedoingsth派生詞：opposed,opposing6.cease正式用語(yǔ)(對(duì)應(yīng)stop)7.absenceabsent—absence；反義詞：presence詞塊：absencefromschool,in/duringsb’sabsence,absenceofmind本單元詞匯梳理8.rural反義詞：urban詞塊：ruralvillages9.advocate詞源：英語(yǔ)單詞advocate原本是一個(gè)羅馬法律中的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，指在法庭上為人辯護(hù)的人，即現(xiàn)在所謂的“律師”。它是拉丁語(yǔ)advocare的名詞形式，advocare由ad(to)+vocare(call呼吁)構(gòu)成，本義是指“(為某人)在法庭上呼吁”。愿意為某人在法庭上呼吁，就是支持某人。詞塊：advocate(sb)doingsth,advocatethat…(should)dosth10.emphasis派生詞：emphasize/emphasise11.prospectpro-

(forward向前)+spect

(lookat看)→向前看到的事物(基本義)12.resist&resistancere-(against反對(duì))+sist(tostand站)→站在反方向上→抵抗詞塊：resistdoingsth派生詞：resistance13.paragraph詞源：同古漢語(yǔ)一樣，古代西方語(yǔ)言也沒(méi)有標(biāo)點(diǎn)，不分段落，沒(méi)有間隔。古希臘人為了便于閱讀，就在每一個(gè)新內(nèi)容開(kāi)始的一行前面畫(huà)一條橫線，表示在這一行中有新的段落，有時(shí)還會(huì)在行間留出一小段空白作為提示。英語(yǔ)單詞paragraph就來(lái)自于希臘人的這個(gè)習(xí)慣，詞根para表示“在旁邊”，詞根graph表示“描繪、劃線”，字面意思就是“在旁邊畫(huà)條線”。14.signpost合成詞sign+post15.accurateac-(=ad-,表示強(qiáng)調(diào))+cur(注意、關(guān)心)+-ate(形容詞后綴)→再三注意的→精確的反義詞：inaccurate派生詞：accurately,accuracy16.librarianlibrary(圖書(shū)館)+-ian(從事……的人)重難點(diǎn)詞精講occupation辨析義emphasis搭配義absence搭配義resist&resistancepredict&prediction搭配義combine一詞多義一詞多義正式用語(yǔ)與非正式用語(yǔ)nov詞根prospect一詞多義combinev

vi&vt（使）結(jié)合；（使）組合：Theorymustbecombinedwith

practice.Theideaofgardencitywastocombinethebestoftownandcountryinanewkindofsettlement.2011江西改combine詞源解讀com-(together一起)+bine(twobytwo二)基本義是“使兩者合在一起”?！驹~匯拓展】combinationn[C]結(jié)合（體）；聯(lián)合（體）；混合

vt兼?zhèn)?；兼顧：Thehotel

combines

comfort

and

convenience.LikehermotherMarieCurie,Irenecombined

family

and

career.

vi&vt（使）化合；（使）混合：Steelisproducedbycombiningironwithcarbon.combine既可以指物理屬性發(fā)生變化的化合又可指物理屬性未發(fā)生變化的混合。combine語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖combine合在一起（基本義）（使）化合；（使）混合（使）結(jié)合；（使）組合（使）抽象的事物“合在一起”（使）具體的物質(zhì)“合在一起”兼?zhèn)浒褍杉蛞陨系氖隆昂显谝黄稹卑褍蓚€(gè)或多個(gè)特點(diǎn)“合在一起”兼顧predictpre-（before前、先）+dict（tosay說(shuō)）→事先說(shuō)→預(yù)言同根詞：indicate:in-（towards對(duì)）+dic（tosay說(shuō)）+-ate（動(dòng)詞后綴）→針對(duì)某事說(shuō)清楚→指示；指出dictionary:dict（tosay說(shuō)）+-ion（名詞后綴：表示行為）

+-ary（名詞后綴：……之物）→說(shuō)話或措辭用書(shū)→詞典predictvt&預(yù)言；預(yù)計(jì)(forecast)：predicttomorrow’sweather①predict+(that)/wh-從句:Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeoplewillliveincitiesinthenearfuture.2008上海春It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.2018北京

②itispredicted+that從句:Itwaspredictedthatinflationwouldcontinuetoincrease.predictable

adj

可預(yù)見(jiàn)的；可預(yù)料的predictionn[C]&[U]預(yù)言；預(yù)測(cè)：It’sdifficulttomakeaccuratepredictionsabouttheeffectsontheenvironment.人教新選必①–2occupation提到職業(yè)，你能想到哪些單詞？job,work,career,occupation

…都有什么區(qū)別？occupationn

[U]占領(lǐng)；居?。篴countryunderoccupationthewildlifeinoccupationoftheisland

[C]工作；職業(yè)：Whatdoyouimaginewillbeyourfutureoccupation?occupation指某人通常從事的“工作”“職業(yè)”，是正式用語(yǔ)，常用于正式文體或表格中。Theapplicant

isrequiredtostatehisname,age,andoccupationontheform.work尤指目的是掙錢(qián)的工作、職業(yè)。ThoughIhadalotofexperience,Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork.career指生涯、職業(yè)。Shefullyintendstocontinuehersportingcareeronceshehasrecoveredfromherinjuries.析辨profession指需要專(zhuān)門(mén)技能（尤其是較高教育水平）的職業(yè)、專(zhuān)業(yè)。Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hewantedtoenterthemedicalprofession.trade指行業(yè)，尤指手工職業(yè)、工藝、行當(dāng)。Askilledtradecanoffersecure（穩(wěn)定的）employment,evenintheworsteconomictimes.job指工作、職位，是可數(shù)名詞。Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.析辨absence缺課absenceofschool看圖猜詞心不在焉absenceofmindabsencen反

presence

[C]&[U]缺席；不在：Hewaseagertobebackaftermorethanaweek’sabsencefromschool.

[U]缺乏：Herabsenceofmindduringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.in/duringsb’sabsence在某人不在時(shí)：InhisabsenceIlookedtoseewhatwasonhisdesk.intheabsenceof在缺乏……的情況下：Intheabsenceofgraywolves,thedeerpopulationgrewquickly.2017全國(guó)改emphasisn[C]&[U](plemphases)(stress)

強(qiáng)調(diào)；重視：Theyputemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.

重讀；重音；加重語(yǔ)氣：Theemphasisshouldbeonthefirstsyllable.Shesaidwithemphasisthathewasinnocent.emphasize/emphasisevt強(qiáng)調(diào)；著重；重讀(stress)：I’djustliketoemphasizehowimportantitisforpeopletolearnforeignlanguages.emphasizethethirdwordprospectn

[U]可能性；預(yù)期；設(shè)想：ShewasoverjoyedattheprospectofvisitingParis.

[C]［用復(fù)數(shù)］前景；前途：job/careerprospects

[C]［正式用語(yǔ)］視野；景色：adelightfulprospectofthelakepro-(forward向前)+spect(lookat看)→向前看到的事物（基本義）詞源解讀向前看到的事物（基本義）prospect可能性；預(yù)期；設(shè)想前景；前途向前看到的未來(lái)成就向前看到的某事發(fā)生的可能性prospect語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖視野；景色向前看到的景色spect詞根記詞匯expect

v預(yù)料；期望ex-

向外

+

(s)pect

→向外看→預(yù)料；期望respect

v

尊重；尊敬re-回+spect

→回頭再看→尊重；尊敬suspect

v

懷疑sus-由下往上

+spect

→由下往上看→懷疑inspect

v仔細(xì)檢查；視察；檢閱in-入

+spect

→進(jìn)入仔細(xì)看→仔細(xì)檢查；視察；檢閱prospect

n

可能性；前景；景色pro-向前

+spect

→向前看到的事物→可能性；前景；景色aspect

n

方面；外觀a-去+spect

→去看（到的事物）→方面；外觀spect看(lookat)resistvt&vi

抵抗：resistanenemyattack

抗拒(oppose)：Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.人教新選必①–2resistdoingsth:Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates.re-(against反對(duì))+sist(tostand站)→站在反方向上→抵抗“抵抗”人“抵抗”物

［常用于否定句］忍住；抵制：Ican’tresistthetemptation.Ifinishedthecake.Icouldn’tresistit.resistdoingsth:Hefoundithardtoresistbuyingthesebooks.詞匯拓展resistancen[U]反抗；抵制：Therehasbeenalotofresistancetotaxincreases.“抵抗”誘惑等正式用語(yǔ)與非正式用語(yǔ)Informal/Neutral（中性的）Formal/Written獲得學(xué)位getadegree_________adegree承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤admit/acceptmistakes_________errors許多女性manywomen_________females停止生產(chǎn)stopproduction_________production因此forthisreason/thus_________然而however_________支持……的使用supporttheuseof

_________theuseof作為……的結(jié)果asaresultof_________根據(jù)所給提示完成表格。obtainacknowledgenumerousceasetherefore/henceneverthelessadvocateasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceof詞根前綴/后綴單詞派生詞

nov

in-（向里）;-ate（使成為）innovatevinnovativeadjinnovationninnovatorn-elnovelnnovelist（小說(shuō)家）nnoveladjnoveltynre-;

-aterenovatevrenovationn詞根nov詞根nov意為“新的”，由該詞根構(gòu)成的詞大多含有此義。1.Theorymustbecombinedwith

practice.2.Theyputemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.3.Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.本單元金句匯總隨堂檢測(cè)combine一、在空白處填入combine的正確形式。1.—Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.—Ican’tagreemore.It’sgreattohavethetwo__________.（2010福建）2.InrecentyearsanEnglishword“infosphere”hasappeared,____________thesenseof“information”and“atmosphere”.（2015福建）3.The____________weightoftheearth’sbacteriais400billiontons.4.IknowhowIachievedmysuccess.Itcamefromgoodplanningandbetterdoing___________.（2016浙江）5.The_____________ofFoxandDisneywillleadtobillionsofdollarsin“synergies”（合并）.combinedcombinedcombined

combining

combination二、根據(jù)所給提示，用combine翻譯下列句子。1.把工作和娛樂(lè)結(jié)合起來(lái)對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是件好事。（it作形式主語(yǔ),business）________________________________________________________________________________________________2.我們?nèi)栽趯ふ壹婢咚斜匾焚|(zhì)的人選。（定語(yǔ)從句）________________________________________________________________________________________________Wearestilllookingforsomeonewhocombinesallthenecessaryqualities.Itwillbeagoodthingforyoutocombinebusinessand/withpleasure.一、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)及提示，完成下列句子。1.________________（據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)）financialconditionsinthecountrywillreturntonormal.2.It’sdifficultto_______________________（準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)）abouttheeffectsontheenvironment.(prediction)二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。專(zhuān)家預(yù)測(cè)，在不久的將來(lái)人類(lèi)的工作將被人工智能取代。(predictthat…)________________________________________________predict&predictionIt’spredictedthatmakeaccuratepredictionsExpertspredictthatthehumanworkwillbereplacedbyartificialintelligence/AIinthenearfuture.occupation寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Youwillbeaskedtofillinaformwithdetailsofyourbirthandoccupation. ___________2.Parachuting（跳傘）isadangerousoccupation. ___________3.Thatfarmhasbeenintheoccupationofthesamefamilyforoverahundredyears. ___________4.TheofficeswillbereadyforoccupationinJune. ___________5.Whenthefirstscientistcametotheregiontheyfoundlittleevidenceofhumanoccupation. ___________職業(yè)消遣活動(dòng)占有/占領(lǐng)使用居住根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)及提示，完成下列句子。1.Mymotherwasupsetwithmeaboutmy___________________（缺課）.2.Anewmanagerwasappointed___________________（在她不在時(shí)）.3.Hefailedintheexambecauseofhis_______________（心不在焉）.4.__________________________（沒(méi)有任何證據(jù)）,thepolicehadtolethimgo.absencefromschoolduring/inherabsenceabsenceabsenceofmindIntheabsenceofanyevidenceemphasis一、寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.InJapanthereisalotofemphasis

onpoliteness.___________2.Theemphasis

isonthefirstsyllable（音節(jié)）ofthelastword.___________3.“Icanassureyou,”sheaddedwithemphasis,“thefiguresarecorrect.”___________二、根據(jù)所給提示，將句子譯成英語(yǔ)。他們重視質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。(emphasis)________________________________________________________強(qiáng)調(diào)/重視重音加重語(yǔ)氣補(bǔ)充道Theyput/place/layemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.寫(xiě)出下列句子中畫(huà)線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Thereiseveryprospect

oftheweatherreamainingdrythisweek.