備戰(zhàn)2025年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí) 英語 閱讀理解 考點(diǎn)分類練3　推理判斷題（1）（含解析）

考點(diǎn)分類練(三)推理判斷題(1)Passage1(2024江西贛州一模)主題:兄妹故事詞數(shù):342難度:★★★☆☆A(yù)topahillinagarden,threechildrenwerehavingaheateddiscussion.“It’snotfair!”Magthrewherbiketotheground.“Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?”PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikeramp(坡道)foranupcomingstunt(特技)bikecompetition.“You’retooyoungforit,”Pauldeclared.Upset,Magranaway.PaulandBillysetouttobuildabikerampoutofawoodenboardandanupturnedmetalbucket.Oneendoftheboardrestedonthegroundwhiletheotherrestedonthebucket.Thehillyterrainseemedperfectfortheirplan.However,eachattempttoridetherampendedwiththeboardoutofplace.Determinedtosecuretheboard,Paulrushedtohisfather’sshedandreturnedwithfourleftoverhousebricks.Placingthemstrategically,hehopeditwouldnowholdfortheirstuntattempts.PaulgaveBillythethumbs-up,whowaswaitingatthehill’shighestpoint.Billyraisedhimselfoffhisseat.Ridingdown,hefacedthestrongwind,hishelmetswinging.Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.Justatthatmoment,Billy’sbikearrivedandhesimplycouldnotbrakeintime.Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.Reactingswiftly,Paulleapedaside,avoidingthebike’spathwhileBillyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.“Whydidyoudothat?”Paul,dustinghimselfdown,turnedtofacehissister.Tearfully,Magblurted,“YouguyssaidIcouldn’thaveago...”Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,“Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.”Smilingweakly,Magputherhandinherbigbrother’s.TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是三個(gè)孩子玩戶外自行車特技的故事。1.WhydidMagfeel“It’snotfair!”?A.Shedidn’thaveagoodbike.B.Shewastooyoungtorideabike.C.Shewasrefusedtobuildtheramp.D.Shewasleftoutofthestuntbiketraining.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?’PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikerampforanupcomingstuntbikecompetition.”可知,Mag會(huì)覺得“這不公平!”是因?yàn)樗荒軈⒓犹丶甲孕熊囉?xùn)練。2.WhatwasMag’splan?A.Tobuildherownbikeramp.B.Toapologizeforherfault.C.Todamagethebikeramp.D.TobegforPaul’spermission.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.”,第五段中的“Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.”和“Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.”可知,Mag的計(jì)劃是破壞自行車坡道。3.HowdidMagfeelbeforewitnessingBillyhitthesheddoor?A.Regretful. B.Cheerful.C.Expectant. D.Angry.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Upset,Magranaway.”可知,剛開始Mag很不高興,再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“...Billyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.”可知,Mag在看到Billy撞在小屋的門上之前是生氣的,看見那一幕之后是后悔的,故選D項(xiàng)。4.WhatwasPaullikeinthestory?A.Ambitiousandselfless.B.Caringandunderstanding.C.Warm-heartedandcourageous.D.Humbleandconsiderate.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,‘Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.’”和“TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.”可知,Paul很理解Mag為什么那么做,所以就不生氣了,他也很關(guān)心Billy的狀況,因此可用caring和understanding來描述Paul。Passage2(2024江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模)主題:給予能夠帶來幸福詞數(shù):354難度:★★★★☆I(lǐng)grewuphearingthatitisbettertogivethantoreceive,andtheolderIget,themoreIaimtotakethismessagetoheart.Nevertheless,hereIam,inthemidstoftheholidayseasonstressedoutaboutgiftsIhavenotyetpurchased.Howdidgiftbuyingbecomeanemotionallyfraughtchore(苦差事)?Foramoment,it’seasytoquestionifit’sworthit.Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness,”saysMichaelNorton,apsychologistatHarvardBusinessSchool.Hehaspublishedseveralstudiesontheeffectsofgiving.Inoneexperimentthatincludedabout700people,theresearchersrandomlyassignedparticipantstomakeeitherapurchaseforthemselves,orforastranger.Afterwards,theparticipantsreportedhowhappytheyfelt.Itturnedoutthatgivingtoothersledtoasignificanthappinessboost,whereasspendingononeselfdidn’tmovetheneedle.“Ifyoutake$5outofyourpockettoday,thesciencereallydoesshowthatspending$5onyourselfdoesn’tdomuchforyou,”Nortonsays.“Butspendingthat$5onsomebodyelseismorelikelytoincreaseyourhappiness.”Takeascarf.Ifyoubuyoneforyourself,it’sjustanotherthingyoudon’tnecessarilyneed.Butifyoubuyascarfforsomeoneelse,“you’veshownthemthatthey’reimportanttoyou,”Nortonsays.Eitherway,it’sjustascarf.“Butitcaneitherbeathrowawayobjectorsomethingthatenhancesarelationshipbetweentwopeople,”hesays.So,there’sevidencethatgenerositypromoteshappiness,buttheprocessofshopping,wrappingandschlepping(搬)giftscanbetiresome—orevenextremelyannoyingconsideringallofourday-to-daydemandsandotherholidaystressors.Studiesalsoshowwhenpeoplearegivensomethingtheyaremorelikelytogiveback.Reciprocity(互惠)isafoundationofgoodrelationshipsandwhenwesurroundourselveswithgenerouspeople,wetendtofeelthesame.Feelingthatspiritofgivingandtheconnectionitcanbringiswhattheholidaysareallabout.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了給予能夠帶來幸福。5.Whydoestheauthormentionhisownexperienceinparagraph1?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Topresentareason.D.Toclarifyaconcept.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,第一段講述了雖然作者明白給予比接受好,但在節(jié)日期間自己總是因?yàn)橘I禮物的事情感到很有壓力。接著第二段承上啟下,從作者買禮物的經(jīng)歷引出科學(xué)表明給予讓人感覺良好,結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知,本文圍繞給予能夠帶來幸福展開,由此可推測(cè)出,第一段提到作者自己的經(jīng)歷是為了引出話題。6.HowdoesNortonillustratehisopinioninparagraphs5and6?A.Bylistingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomments.D.Bytellingpersonalexperiences.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段和第六段內(nèi)容可知,這兩段分別以5美元和一條圍巾的例子講述了給予的重要性。7.Whyispreparingagiftsometimesanemotionallyfraughtchore?A.It’sdifficultandexpensive.B.Ithappensfrequently.C.It’snotvaluedbyothers.D.Itrequiresmucheffort.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可推知,由于準(zhǔn)備禮物需要花費(fèi)精力,所以它有時(shí)是個(gè)苦差事。8.Whatcanwelearnaboutgivinggiftsfromthetext?A.Itisnotworththeeffort.B.Itisamusttoenhancearelationship.C.Itbringsaboutemotionalbenefits.D.Itgainspopularityduringholidays.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.”和第三段中的“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness”可知,給予會(huì)讓人感覺良好,提升幸福感,由此可推測(cè)出,送禮物能夠帶來情緒上的益處。Passage3(2024山東濟(jì)南一模)主題:有聲書詞數(shù):359難度:★★★★★L(fēng)ikemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdoubledasaresult—butarecentpapermakesmewonderifthiswillcomeatthepriceofmycomprehension.ThestudycomesfromBoazKeysarandJanetGeipel,bothattheUniversityofChicago,anditdrawsfromthe“dualprocessmodel”ofmentalprocessing.Accordingtothisview,wehavetwowaysofassessinginformation.System1isintuitive(直覺的),relyingonnaturalabilityandfeeling.Itisquick,butlikelyexposedtomisinformation.System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.Fordecades,psychologistshavedesignedvariousteststodeterminewhichofthesetwosystemsapersonisusing.Asoneexample,considerthefollowingquestion:HowmanyanimalsofeachkinddidMosestakeontheArk(方舟)?Ifyouansweredtwo,youwereprobablyonlyconsideringthecoreofthequestion,whichisSystem1thinking.Togettotherightanswer—zero,youneedtothinkmorecarefullyaboutthewording,whichwouldallowyoutorememberitwasNoahwhobuilttheArk,notMoses.Thatisthekindofanalyticalprocess.KeysarandGeipel’sbrilliantideawastoinvestigatewhetherthesensoryform—seeingvs.hearing—oftheinformationwouldmakeadifference.Theyfoundthatitdid:whenansweringthesekindsofsimplequestions,participantsweremorelikelytomakeerrorswhenthesentenceswerespokenoutloud,ratherthanwritten.Agreaterrelianceonourfeelingscouldbeaproblemifweareconsuminginformationthatneedslogicalstudy.Forthisreason,Iwillreturntoreadingnon-fictionwithmyeyesratherthanmyears.ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞作者使用有聲書作為閱讀方式的經(jīng)歷和體驗(yàn)展開,并引入了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于信息處理方式的研究,以此為基礎(chǔ)探討了有聲書可能對(duì)閱讀理解產(chǎn)生的影響。9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflisteningtoaudiobooks?A.Itiseconomical.B.Itisdemanding.C.Itistime-consuming.D.Itisrelaxing.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Likemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto‘readwithmyears’whilemyeyesareresting.”以及最后一段中的“ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.”可知,作者認(rèn)為聽有聲讀物會(huì)讓人放松。10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSystem2model?A.Fairlyreliable.B.Fullyautomatic.C.Question-centered.D.Emotion-involved.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.”可知,System2涉及使用邏輯推理進(jìn)行信息處理,它要求精神上的努力,通過一步一步地思考材料來得出結(jié)論。因此,System2的結(jié)果相對(duì)可靠得多。11.Whyis