2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化專練考點(diǎn)13書面表達(dá)概要寫作含解析

考點(diǎn)13書面表達(dá)概要寫作Writing1（2024·上海市大同中學(xué)高三期中）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownworsasfaraspossible.PedestriansonlyTheconceptoftraffic-freeshoppingareasgoesbackalongtime.DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuilttoallowpeopletoshopincomfortand,moreimportantly,safety.Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetwasborninEuropeinthe1960s,whenbothcitypopulationsandcarownershipincreasedrapidly.Dirtyexhaustfumesfromcarsandtherisksinvolvedincrossingtheroadwerebeginningtomakeshoppinganunpleasantanddangerousexperience.Manybelievedthetimewasrightforexperimentingwithcar-freestreets,andshoppingareasseemedthebestplacetostart.Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.Theybelievedthatsuchamovewouldbebadforbusiness.Theyarguedthatpeoplewouldavoidstreetsiftheywereunabletogettothemintheircars.WhenthefirststreetsinEuropewereclosedtotraffic,therewereevennoisydemonstrations,asmanyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.However,researchcarriedoutafterwardsinseveralEuropeancitiesrevealedsomeunexpectedstatistics.InMunich,CologneandHamburg,visitorstoshoppingareasincreasedby50percent.OnCopenhagen’smainshoppingstreet,shopkeepersreportedsalesincreasesof25-40percent.ShopkeepersinMinneapolis,USA,weresoimpressedwhentheylearntthisthattheyevenofferedtopayfortheconstructionandmaintenancecostsoftheirowntraffic-freestreets.Withthearrivalofthetraffic-freeshoppingstreet,manyshops,especiallythosesellingthingslikeclothes,foodandsmallerluxuryitems,prospered.Unfortunately,itwasn’tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop.Manyofthesewereforcedtomoveelsewhere,awayfromthecitycentre.Todaytheyareacommonfeatureontheoutskirtsoftownsandcities,oftensituatedinout-of-townretailzoneswiththeirowncarparksandotherlocalfacilities.【答案】Theideaoftraffic-freeshoppingareasappearedlongago.Inthe1960s,themodern,pedestrianshoppingstreetcameintoexistenceforacleanerandsafershoppingenvironment.Atfirst,shopkeepersobjectedthatitwouldaffectbusiness.Actually,theidearesultedinbettersalesandgainedsupportlater.However,shopssellinglargeproductslostcustomersandhadtomovetooutskirts.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，無交通的購物區(qū)在很久以前就出現(xiàn)了，步行街的出現(xiàn)追溯到20世紀(jì)60年頭。起初步行街的概念遭到了很多店主的反對，認(rèn)為會影響生意，但后來銷售量的增長讓他們變更了看法。但是售賣大型商品的商店不得不搬到了郊區(qū)?！驹斀狻?.要點(diǎn)摘錄①Theconceptoftraffic-freeshoppingareasgoesbackalongtime.②Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetwasborninEuropeinthe1960s,whenbothcitypopulationsandcarownershipincreasedrapidly.③Dirtyexhaustfumesfromcarsandtherisksinvolvedincrossingtheroadwerebeginningtomakeshoppinganunpleasantanddangerousexperience.④Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.⑤Theybelievedthatsuchamovewouldbebadforbusiness.⑥InMunich,CologneandHamburg,visitorstoshoppingareasincreasedby50percent.⑦OnCopenhagen’smainshoppingstreet,shopkeepersreportedsalesincreasesof25-40percent.⑧Unfortunately,itwasn’tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop.⑨Manyofthesewereforcedtomoveelsewhere,awayfromthecitycentre.⑩Todaytheyareacommonfeatureontheoutskirtsoftownsandcities,oftensituatedinout-of-townretailzoneswiththeirowncarparksandotherlocalfacilities.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，將第4、5個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，將6、7個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，將第8、9、10個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetforapleasedandsafeshoppingenvironment.Atthebeginning,shopkeepersresisteditwiththereasonthatitwillinfluencetheirbusiness.Shopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop,whichwereforcedtomovetooutskirtsoftownsandcitiesforitisconvenienttoparkcars.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Inthe1960s,themodern,pedestrianshoppingstreetcameintoexistenceforacleanerandsafershoppingenvironment.（用for加兩個(gè)名詞短語的形式概括了第2、3個(gè)要點(diǎn)，簡潔明白且概括精確）[高分句型2]Atfirst,shopkeepersobjectedthatitwouldaffectbusiness.（用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句概括了起初店主們反對步行街的理由）[高分句型3]However,shopssellinglargeproductslostcustomersandhadtomovetooutskirts.（用however轉(zhuǎn)折句表明此處與前文的對比關(guān)系）Writing2（2024·上海金山區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Willpeoplereducecarusein20years？Nowadays,theownershipofcarsisnolongerbeingrecognizedasasymbolofone’swealthandsocialposition.Trackingbacktothepastwhenonlytherichwerequalifiedtopossessprivatecars,wecouldn’thelpmarvelingatthehistoricchangesuchaconvenientinventionbroughttopeople’sdailylives.Nevertheless,theincreaseinthenumberofcarownersisspellingmanynegativeeffects.Theserisingproblemsalsocausesomepeopletopredictthattheuseofcarsmightbereducedintwodecades.Aboveall,theuseofcarsremarkablythreatensourenvironment,ifsuchatendencyisnotbroughtundercontrolintime,theEarthwillnolongerbeasuitableplaceforhumanstosurviveinthefuture.Peoplehavetofacetheconsequence.Itisarealityfromwhichnooneisabletoescape.Everyday,thousandsofprivatecarsareemittingtonsofexhaustedgasthatseriouslypollutestheair.Thecarbondioxideleadstotheworldwidegreenhouseeffect,whichcausesthesealeveltoriseandproducesnegativeimpactsonweather.Inaddition,moreenergyisbeingwastedbecauseoftheproductionofprivatecars.Inordertobuildaresource-conservingandenvironment-friendlysociety,peopleoughttoreducetheuseofcars.Infact,diversifiedmeasuresarebeingtakenbythegovernmenttolimittheuseofcars.Ifsuchatendencycontinues,theeffectwillbeshowninthenearfuture.Forexample,toreachthegoalofbuildingasafeandharmonioussociety,BeijingTrafficManagementBureauhasrestrictedregionaltrafficinrushhoursonworkingdays.Anumberofprivatecarsareprohibitedonno-driving-days.Last,theadvancementofpublictransportationsystemsalsohelpschangecarowners’wayoftravelling.Effortsarebeingmadetoconstructmoreagreeablenetworksofbuses,subways,trainsandairplanes.Inthemeanwhile,advancesintechnologymighthelpcutdownthecostoftravellinginpublicvehicles.【答案】Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.First,byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.Besides,energy-consumingcarsarenotsustainabletothesociety.Therefore,thegovernmenthastakenvariousmeasureslikerestrictions.Last,publictransportisagoodremedythankstothehigh-tech.(58words)【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了擁有汽車已不是財(cái)寶和社會地位的象征，有車一族數(shù)量的增加帶來了很多負(fù)面影響，威逼著我們的環(huán)境，奢侈了更多的能源，并提出人們應(yīng)當(dāng)削減汽車的運(yùn)用，通過政府實(shí)行措施，公共交通系統(tǒng)進(jìn)步變更人們出行方式，技術(shù)進(jìn)步降低乘坐公共交通成本等方法削減私家車的運(yùn)用?！驹斀狻?要點(diǎn)摘錄①Trackingbacktothepastwhenonlytherichwerequalifiedtopossessprivatecars,wecouldn’thelpmarvelingatthehistoricchangesuchaconvenientinventionbroughttopeople’sdailylives.②Nevertheless,theincreaseinthenumberofcarownersisspellingmanynegativeeffects.③Everyday,thousandsofprivatecarsareemittingtonsofexhaustedgasthatseriouslypollutestheair.④Inaddition,moreenergyisbeingwastedbecauseoftheproductionofprivatecars.⑤Infact,diversifiedmeasuresarebeingtakenbythegovernmenttolimittheuseofcars.⑥Inthemeanwhile,advancesintechnologymighthelpcutdownthecostoftravellinginpublicvehicles.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組；將3、4兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合；將5、6兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.Byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.Energy-consumingcarsarenotsustainabletothesociety.thegovernmenthastakenvariousmeasureslikerestrictions.publictransportisagoodremedythankstothehigh-tech.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.運(yùn)用介詞“Despite+名詞”表示“即使”，對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。表達(dá)高級。[高分句型2]：Byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.用介詞短語作方式狀語對其次段的大量運(yùn)用私家車造成空氣污染的消極影響進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)特別高級。Writing3（2024·上海浦東新區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SolvingtheProblemofE-WasteOneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste-electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Tonnesoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentarediscardedchieflybecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.Fortunately,nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivee-wasteanewlife.There'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.ARestartProjectinLondon,isonethatmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneofitsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,saidthat"thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextractingthesematerialsfromelectronicappliances.It'sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalmining.Theseprojectsmaketotalsense---collectionsofe-wasteforrecyclingaredepressingorevendecreasing"accordingtoRuedigerKuehr,oftheUnitedNationsUniversity.Andincountrieswherethereisnolaws,muchofitjustgetsdumped.However,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturershavetomakeapplianceslonger-lastingandwillhavetosupplysparepartsformachinesforupto10years.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.Fortunately,peoplearefindingsolutionstogivee-wasteanewlife.Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaytodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.Besides,thereareevenlawsinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastinginsomecountries.

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，破壞人類地球環(huán)境的問題之一是我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西太多了。近年來，在我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西清單上又增加了一項(xiàng)——壞了、無法回收的電子產(chǎn)品。本文介紹一些用來處理電子垃圾問題的新方法?！驹斀狻?要點(diǎn)摘錄①Oneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway..②nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivee-wasteanewlife.③There'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.④Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.⑤theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturershavetomakeapplianceslonger-lasting2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、3兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.Fortunately,Peoplearefindingsolutionstogivee-wasteanewlife.Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaystodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.Besides,thereareevenlawsinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastinginsomecountries.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.運(yùn)用一個(gè)定語從句對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。[高分句型2]：Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaytodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.用并列句對三四段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括。Writing4（2024·上海楊浦區(qū)·高三期末）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatIsZeroWaste?Thegoalofthe“zerowaste”movementistogetridofallwastefromproducts.“Zerowaste”meansusingeverypartofaproduct.Today,thezerowasteideacanbefoundeverywherefromfoodtofashion.Creatingazerowasterestaurantisachallenge.Itisverydifficulttouseeverypartofproduceandleavenothingbehind.Creatingasoupfromunusedingredientsisapopularwaytouseupextrafooditems.Otherwaysaremoreadvanced.Somerestaurantsusecoffeegrounds（咖啡渣）toflavordishes.Somecooksalsocrushshrimpshellsandreusetheminsauces.Whileit’schallenging,zerowasterestaurantsappeartobeontherise.Inthefashionindustry,zerowasteisn’tanewidea.Butintoday’sworldoffastfashion,zerowasteisgrowingmorepopular.Usually,cuttingclothcreateslotsofwaste.Inzerowastefashion,designerstrytoavoidthis.Onewaytodosoisbyaddingtheseextrapiecesofclothtothefinaldesign.Anotherwayistodesignclothingwithoutwastefulcuts.Beyondrestaurantsandfashion,therearemanyotherpossibilitiesforzerowasteproducts.Allrestaurantsneedutensils（器皿）.Bakey’sisacompanythatisdevelopingedible（可食用的）utensils.Afterusingthem,youcaneatthem!Theirspoonsaremadeofflourandcomeinallkindsofflavors.Whilethesespoonsarenothardenoughtocutmeat,theyareperfectforricedishes.Meanwhile,AirNewZealandisexperimentingwithediblecoffeecupsthataremadebythecompanyTwice.Theyhavealreadyintroducedalineofflavoredcups.Afteryoufinishyourcoffee,youeatthecup,justlikeacookie!Whetherproductsaremadetobeedibleorreusable,hopefullythemovementwillhelpreducewasteallovertheworld.【答案】Zerowastemeanseliminatingallthewastesfromaproductandthemovementisgainingpopularity.Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.Besides,Manycompaniesarecreatingedibleproductsespeciallyutensils.Hopefully,zerowastecampaigncanhelpreducewasteworldwide.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了什么是零奢侈。零奢侈意味著從一個(gè)產(chǎn)品中消退全部的奢侈，這個(gè)運(yùn)動越來越流行。一些餐館正在創(chuàng)建性地運(yùn)用未運(yùn)用的配料或食物殘羹剩飯。時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師要么避開不必要的裁剪布料，要么找尋額外布料的新用途。此外，很多公司正在創(chuàng)建食用產(chǎn)品，特殊是餐具。希望零奢侈運(yùn)動可以幫助削減全球的廢物。【詳解】1要點(diǎn)摘錄1）“Zerowaste”meansusingeverypartofaproduct.Today,thezerowasteideacanbefoundeverywherefromfoodtofashion.2）Somerestaurantsusecoffeegrounds（咖啡渣）toflavordishes.Somecooksalsocrushshrimpshellsandreusetheminsauces.Whileit’schallenging,zerowasterestaurantsappeartobeontherise.3）Onewaytodosoisbyaddingtheseextrapiecesofclothtothefinaldesign.Anotherwayistodesignclothingwithoutwastefulcuts.4）Beyondrestaurantsandfashion,therearemanyotherpossibilitiesforzerowasteproducts.5）Whetherproductsaremadetobeedibleorreusable,hopefullythemovementwillhelpreducewasteallovertheworld.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2、3、4、5五個(gè)要點(diǎn)分別概括。3.遣詞造句Zerowastemeanseliminatingallthewastesfromaproductandthemovementisgainingpopularity.Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.Besides,Manycompaniesarecreatingedibleproductsespeciallyutensils.Hopefully,zerowastecampaigncanhelpreducewasteworldwide.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.運(yùn)用動詞不定式作定語修飾way，對其次段進(jìn)行概括。[高分句型2]：Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.用avoid加動名詞作賓語，用either…or連接并列成分，對第三段進(jìn)行概括，表達(dá)特別高級。Writing5（2024·華東師范高校附屬東昌中學(xué)高三月考）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Thegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeeninthelivesofwomen.Duringthetwentiethcenturytherehasbeenaremarkableshorteningoftheproportionofawoman'slifespentincaringforthechildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthenineteenthcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwentiesandwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,opportunityandhealthmadeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman’syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveyearsandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliancesandconveniencefoods.Thisimportantchangeinwoman’slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunity,andmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschoolleavingageissixteen,manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-or-part-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionsoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsofeachofthem.【答案】Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，婦女的生活發(fā)生了巨大的變更，因?yàn)樗齻兘Y(jié)婚更早，須要照看的孩子更少，現(xiàn)代技術(shù)幫助她們，這使她們有可能回到工作崗位。這導(dǎo)致了女性在家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的提高，與丈夫同等分擔(dān)家庭和家務(wù)?！驹斀狻?要點(diǎn)摘錄①Thegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeeninthelivesofwomen.②Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.③Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliancesandconveniencefoods.④Thisimportantchangeinwomanslife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomenseconomicposition.⑤Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-or-part-timework.⑥Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionsoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsofeachofthem.2.縝密構(gòu)思分別將第1、2、3兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第4、5兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)重組并與第6個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行精簡整合。3.遣詞造句Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.運(yùn)用一個(gè)困難的主從復(fù)食句對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。其中有because引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句，和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句等困難句式。[高分句型2]：Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.本句運(yùn)用了動詞不定式，對其次段進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)、高級。Writing6（2024·上海嘉定區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TaiChiCanReduceFallsinOldPeopleOldpeoplewhotookpartinastructuredprogrammeofTaiChifoundthattheirbalanceandphysicalstrengthimproved,reducingtheriskoffalls,accordingtoapaperinthelatestJournalofAdvancedNursing.Researchersstudiedagroupoffall-prone(易摔跤的)adults,withanaverageageof78,livinginresidentialcare.29peopleundertooka12-weekTaiChiprogrammeandtheother30formedthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.Theexerciseprogrammeconsistedof10minutesofwarming-upexercises,20minutesofSun-styleTaiChimovementand5minutesofcoolingdownexercises.Duringtheexercise,traditionalinstrumentalmusicwasused.Ithelpedthegroupmaintainslowandcontinuousmovementsandprovideacomfortingeffect.Bothgroupsunderwentaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthe12-weekexerciseprogramme.Theymeasuredtheirmusclestrength,balanceandconfidenceinavoidingfalls.Researchersanalyzedthedataandcomparedthemwiththoseofthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.Theyfoundthatthephysicalfitnessoftheexercisegroupshowedsignificantimprovement,withstrongerkneeandanklemuscles,improvedflexibilityandbetterbalance.TaiChi,anancientChinesemartialart(武術(shù)),consistsofaseriesofslow,gentle,continuousmovements.Itisparticularlysuitableforoldpeopleasithelpsthemtodevelopstrongermusclesandbetterbalanceandconcentration.“Ourstudyshowsthatlow-intensityexercisesuchasTaiChihasgreatpotentialforhealthpromotion.Itcanhelpoldpeopletoavoidfallsbydevelopingtheirbalance,musclestrengthandconfidence,”saysProfessorSong.“Webelievethatregularexerciseshouldbeafundamentalpartofcaringforoldpeoplelivingbothinthecommunityandinresidentialcare.”【答案】AstructuredTaiChiprogramcanhelpoldpeopleavoidfalls.Researchersdivided59fall-proneadultsaged78onaverageintotwogroups.Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，練習(xí)太極拳可以幫助老年人避開跌倒。在一項(xiàng)探討中，探討人員將平均年齡為78歲的老人分為兩組，一組參與為期12周的太極拳熬煉，另一組不參與。探討結(jié)果表明，參與太極拳熬煉的那一組在肌肉、柔韌性和平衡方面有顯著改善。探討人員建議老年人應(yīng)當(dāng)練習(xí)太極來促進(jìn)健康?！驹斀狻?.要點(diǎn)摘錄①OldpeoplewhotookpartinastructuredprogrammeofTaiChifoundthattheirbalanceandphysicalstrengthimproved,reducingtheriskoffalls.②Researchersstudiedagroupoffall-prone(易摔跤的)adults,withanaverageageof78,livinginresidentialcare.③29peopleundertooka12-weekTaiChiprogrammeandtheother30formedthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.④Theyfoundthatthephysicalfitnessoftheexercisegroupshowedsignificantimprovement,withstrongerkneeandanklemuscles,improvedflexibilityandbetterbalance.⑤Ourstudyshowsthatlow-intensityexercisesuchasTaiChihasgreatpotentialforhealthpromotion.⑥Webelievethatregularexerciseshouldbeafundamentalpartofcaringforoldpeoplelivingbothinthecommunityandinresidentialcare.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、4兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，第5、6兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合3.遣詞造句①AstructuredTaiChiprogramcanhelpoldpeopleavoidfalls.②Researchersdivided59fall-proneadultsaged78onaverageintotwogroups.③Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.④ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.合理運(yùn)用了非謂語動詞，運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞receiving12-weekTaiChiprograms作定語修飾group，對原文第三段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括。[高分句型2]ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.運(yùn)用一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that省略）對原文第四段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括。Writing7（2024·上海市建平中學(xué)高三期中）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.UseyourownwordsasfaraspossibleIsrentingclothesgreenerthanbuyingthem?Clothingrentalisahotnewindustryandretailersaredemandingtogetonboardinhopesofattractinggreenshoppers.Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentally-friendlythanbuyingit,andifso,howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineinvestigatedthisquestionandconcludedthatit’snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshipping,forexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented—receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Shewrites,“Anitemorderedonlineandthenreturnedcansendout20kilogramsofcarboneachway,andincreasesupto50kilogramsforrushshipping.Bycomparison,thecarbonimpactofapairofjeanspurchasedfromaphysicalstoreandwashedandwornathomeis33.4kilograms,accordingtoa2015studybyLevi’s.”Thenthere’stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit’sreturned,regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentalservices,thisusuallymeansdrycleaning,ahighimpactandpollutingprocess.AlltherentalservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene(氯乙烯),acarcinogenic(致癌的)airpollutantthatisstillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withhydrocarbonalternatives,althoughthesearen’tgreateither.Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentalserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit’ssoeasilyaccessible.There’ssomethingcalled“sharewashing”thatmakespeopleengageinmorewastefulbehaviorspreciselybecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisregardedasmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis,advertisedas“awaytoshareridesandlimitcarownership.”andyet“ithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicycling,andpublictransportationuse.”Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingtheminthedustbinafterafewwears,butweshouldn’tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeustoosatisfied.There’sanevenbetterstep—andthat’swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset.【答案】Despitearisingmarketforrentingclothes,someresearch