閱讀理解之主旨大意題和詞匯猜測(cè)題-2023中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

備戰(zhàn)2023中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)（廣東專(zhuān)用）

專(zhuān)題10難點(diǎn)題型：閱讀理解之主旨大意題和詞匯猜測(cè)題

一、主旨大意題

一、閱讀單選

Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Can

youbelievethatasinglebushintheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeof

Britain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.

Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanetstoringvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideand

producingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfect

systemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹(shù)冠層）ofbranchesand

leaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,

intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.

Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclose

together,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'wayto

preventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslike

caterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.The

groundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactually

fairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodfbrthetreesandotherforestlife.

Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirown

rain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormalandinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430

inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrainyourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butit

won'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetento

twentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationof

raincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.

1.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Theyproduceoxygen.B.Theycoveravastarea.

C.Theyarewellmanaged.D.Theyarerichinwildlife.

2.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?

A.Heavyrains.B.Bigtrees.C.Smallplants.D.Forestanimals.

3.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?

A.Formoresunlight.B.Formoregrowingspace.

C.Forselfprotection.D.Forthedetectionofinsects.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LifeGivingRainforestsB.TheLawoftheJungle

C.AnimalsintheAmazonD.WeatherinRainforests

Whenisthebesttimeforustoenjoythebrightmoon?Ofcourse,itisMidAutumn

Festival,oneofthemostimportantholidaysinChina.Welookatthemoon,eatmooncakes,

andgettogetherwithourfamilies.Thetraditionisthousandsofyearsold.

Themoon,thekeypartofthefestival,isspecialtomostChinesepeople.Weenjoyand

admireit.Weusetheroundmoontodescribereunion,thatis,gettogether.

Ourrespectofthemoondatesbacktoancienttimes.ThereisthelegendofChang5e

flyingtothemoon-themostfamousstoryaboutthemoon.ManyChinesepoetsconnect

themoonwithhomesickness.Forexample,4tBesidemybedapooloflight.Isithoarfroston

theground?^^fromJingYeSz(ThoughtsintheSilentNight)byTangDynastypoetLiBai.

Today,themoonisstillimportanttoChinesepeople.TheMiaominorityinGuizhou

provincehasaspecialcustom.OnthenightofMidAutumnFestival,youngpeopledance

underthemoontofindtheirotherhalf.

However,Westernpeopleseethemoondifferently.Insomestories,thefullmoonis

somewhatfrightenedtopeople.Themostwellknownstoryisthewerewolf.Awerewolf

usuallylookslikeahuman,butchangesintoawolflikecreaturewhenthereisafullmoon.

Also,ifsomeoneisveryexcitedorevencrazyaboutsomething,othersmayjoke,66Itmustbe

afullmoon.^^

5.WhafstheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“reunion”?

A.團(tuán)結(jié)B.聯(lián)合C.團(tuán)聚D.合作

6.WhatdoesParagraph3trytoexplain?

A.WhenthestoryofChang'estarted.B.WhythemoonisspecialtoChinese

people.

C.Howancientpoetsdescribedthemoon.D.WhatancientChineseknewaboutthe

moon.

7.When"Itmustbeafullmoon^^isusedtodescribeaperson,theperson.

A.likesthemoonverymuchB.misseshisorherhome

C.iswellknowntoothersD.isveryexcitedaboutsomething

8.Whafsthestorymainlyabout?

A.HowMidAutumnFestivaliscelebratedinChina.

B.DifferentholidaycustomsinChina.

C.StoriesaboutthefullmooninChinaandWesterncountries.

D.HowthefullmoonisunderstoodinChinaandWesterncountries.

Ayoungmanwenttothebossofaloggingcrew（伐木隊(duì)）andaskedforajob.

“Thatdepends/9repliedtheboss."Let'sseeyoufellthistree.”

Theyoungmansteppedforwardandskillfullyfelledabigtree.

Thebosswasamazedandsaid,<4YoucanstartthejobonMonday."

Monday,Tuesday,Wednesdaywentby,andThursdayafternoonthebosswenttothe

youngmanandsaid,t4Youcangetthepayonyourwayouttoday.”

Theyoungmanwasverysurprised.Hereplied,4tIthoughtyouwouldpayonFriday.,9

“Usuallywedo,“thebosssaid."Butwe9relettingyougotodaybecauseyou'vefallen

behind.Ourdailyfellingreportsshowthatyou'vedroppedfromfirstplaceonMondaytolast

placetoday.^^

“ButI'mquitehardworking,9,theyoungmanargued,4tIamthefirsttoarrive,andthe

lasttoleave,andevenworkduringmycoffeebreaks!,9

Thebossthoughtforaminuteandthenasked,“Haveyousharpenedyouraxe（斧子）?”

Theyoungmanreplied,<4No,sir,I'vebeenworkingtoohardtotaketimeforthat!"

Ourlivesarelikethis.Wesometimesgetsobusythatwedon'ttaketimeto“sharpenthe

axe”.

There'snothingwrongwithworkinghard.Butweallneedtimetorelax,tothink,to

learnandgrow.Ifwedon'ttaketimetorelax,wewillfeelboredandloseoureffectiveness.

9.Howdidtheyoungmangetthejob?

A.Heansweredtheboss'questions.B.Heshowedhisabilitytofellatree.

C.Hegavethebossasharpaxe.D.Hemadeapromisetoworkhard.

10.Theyoungmangotpaidadayearlybecause.

A.thebosswashappywithhimB.hewantedtobuyanewaxe

C.thebosswasaskinghimtoleaveD.hewantedtotakethenextdayoff

11.Whatdoesthestorytellus?

A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

B.Healthisthebesttreasureamancanhave.

C.There'snothingwrongwithworkinghard.

D.Takingtimeto"sharpentheaxe“canmakeusmoreeffective.

Haveyoueverpaidforeducationalpodcasts（播客）orlivevideos?Asksomepeopleand

mostofthemwillsayyes."Payfbrknowledge“hasbeenmoreandmorefashionablethese

years.Thecontentsofthese"payfbrknowledge“productsarefromlanguagelearningto

gardeningorbabycaring.Everythingyouthinkofcanbefoundonlineatthismoment.

“Payforknowledge“isontherise（興起）.

Whyis<6payforknowledge^^industrydevelopingsorapidly?First,itsdevelopmentis

basedontheInternet.Withafastnetworkandasmartphone,anyonewhohaspassedthe

identity（身份）checkcanbeanonlineteacher,andanyonewithanonlineaccount（帳戶(hù)）can

buy“payfbrknowledge“products.Second,peopleareafraidtomissanyinformation.Onone

hand,peoplehopeformoreusefulinformation.Ontheotherhand,suchinformationis

usuallyatthehandsofexpertswhoservefamouspaniesanduniversities.Moreover,theneed

tolearnnewskillsintoday9sjobmarketalsopushespeopletolearnonsucheducational

podcasts.

Theindustryof“payfbrknowledge“hasprovedtobelucrative.Itpromisespossibilities

ofturninginformationintomoney.Itisgoodforthedevelopmentofourcountryanditcan

helpsellersmakelotsofmoney.Besides,buyerscanenjoyselfgrowthfromit.Whafsmore,

thisisareflection（反映）ofrespectforknowledgeandtalents.

However,therapidriseof“payfbrknowledge“hasafewproblems.Foronething,the

marketisfullofeyecatchingwordssuchas“HowtobeanIndustry5sExpertin5Hours”and

“15ClassestoBeaMasterofAppreciating（欣賞）ClassicalMusic”,whichsoundlikeifyou

payforit,youaresuretosucceed.Foranother,alargenumberofcustomersbuythemjustfor

showingoff.Infact,thosewhohavereallyhadselfgrowthafterbuyingonlinecoursesmaybe

thekindofpeoplewhoneedthemleast.Inotherwords,withorwithoutthesecourses,they

canmakeitanyway,becausetheyarethosewhohavetheabilitytolearnbythemselves.

Ingeneral,thebestistheonethatsuitsyoumost."Payforknowledge“maybeusedasa

goodstartforselfgrowth.Becareful!Otherwise,yourdreamofsuccessmaynotetrue.

12.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.”P(pán)ayforknowledge“productscanhelpallthepeoplesucceed.

B.”P(pán)ayfbrknowledge“productscanofferpeopledifferentkindsofcourses.

C.Peoplewhocanteachthemselvesneed“payfbrknowledge“productsmost.

D.Peoplemustlearnfromexpertswhoservefamouspaniesanduniversities.

13.WhichisNOTthereasonfor<tpayfbrknowledge^^industrydevelopingsorapidly?

A.Thefastnetworkandsmartphonemakeitpossibleforpeopletoget.

B.Peopleareafraidtomissanyusefulinformation.

C.Peopleneedtolearnnewskillsintoday'sjobmarket.

D.Peopleareforcedtopayforeducationalpodcastsorlivevideos.

14.Whatcanwelearnaboutttpayforknowledge^^industryfromParagraph2?

A.Thehistoryofitsrise.B.Theproblemsofitsproducts.

C.Theadvantagesofitsproducts.D.Thecausesofitsrise.

15.Theunderlinedphrase“belucrative"inParagraph3means"

A.producelotsofmoneyB.getmuchinformation

C.wingreatrespectD.enjoyselfgrowth

16.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.

A.remendthe“payfbrknowledge“productstopeople

B.adviseeveryonetolearnknowledgebythemselvesonline

C.remindpeopletochoose“payfbrknowledge“productswisely

D.teachparentshowtobuysomeonlinecoursesfortheirchildren

Ifyouarealwaystoldyou5reagenius,willithaveanyinfluenceonyourwork?Willit

makeyouworkharderandfacethedifficultiesmorebravelybecauseyouknowyourability,

orwillitmakeyoubeelazierbecauseyouknowyou'realreadyahead?Inaseriesofstudies,

Dweckandherteammadeexperimenton400fifthgradersfromdifferentpartsoftheUnited

States.

First,participants（參力口者）weregivenaseriesofpuzzlestotesttheirIQ.Afterthey

finishedtheirtest,theyweretoldtheirscoresandpraisedindifferentways.Onegroupof

participantswerepraisedfortheirintelligenceandweretoldYougotXnumbercorrect.

Thafsreallygoodscore.Youmustbeverysmartatthis.Anothergroupofparticipantswere

told,nYoumusthaveworkedreallyhard."Thestudentswerethengivenachoiceastowhat

kindoftesttheywouldtakenext.Theycouldeithertakeonethafsharderthanthefirstone,

oronethafsjustaseasy.Amajorityofthechildrenwhowerepraisedfortheirintelligence

chosetotaketheeasytestwhereas,90%ofthosepraisedfortheireffortschosetodothe

harderpuzzles.

WhileDweck'sseriesofstudiescenteredonchildren,ifsimportanttonoticehow

havingaparticularmindset（態(tài)）caninfluenceyouatanyage.Assomeonewithafixed

（固執(zhí)的）mindset,youbelievebasicqualities-likeintelligence-areunchangeable.Since

youareoftenpraisedforyourintelligence,youwanttocontinueremainingintelligentinthe

eyesofotherssoyoushyawayfromchallenges.

However,assomeonewithagrowthmindsetyoubelievetheharderyoutry,themore

you'llimprove.Youarenotafraidoftakingrisks,evenifthere'sabigchancethatyou911all

flatonyourfacealongtheway.Moreandmoreresearchessupportthegrowthmindset/

DweckwroteinthejournalEducationalLeadership.4tBasicaspectsofintelligencecanbe

strengthenedthroughlearningandadventures,andeffortsandpersistenceinthefaceof

challengesarekeyingredientsinoutstandingachievements.,9

Dweck'sstudiesteachusanimportantlessonaboutsuccess.Aperson'sintelligencecan

onlytakehimorhertocertaindistance.Therestofthewayispavedbybraveryand

determination.

17.WhatdoDweckandherteamwanttofindout?

A.Theinfluenceofpraiseonpeople.B.TheIQofeachparticipant.

C.Thebestwaytoachievesuccess.D.Thepositiveinfluenceofdifficulties.

18.WhatcanwelearnfromParagnph2and3?

A.Participantreceivedthreeexperimentsintotal.

B.Kidspraisedfortheireffortslaterchoseeasiertests.

C.Onegroupofparticipantswassmarterthantheothergroup.

D.KidspraisedfortheirIQlaterbecameafraidtofail.

19.AccordingtoParagraph4,amanwithagrowthmindset.

A.willgothroughmuchmorefailuresB.ismorelikelytomeetwithdifficulties

C.iswillingtochallengehimselfD.ismorelikelytobeeaneducational

leader

20.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.givethereasonsforthestudiesB.showthefindingsofthestudies

C.describetheweakpointsofthestudiesD.introducethemethodsofthestudies

TherearedifferentkindsofsteamedbunsinChinesefood.Oneofthemisxiaolongbao.

Thename^xiaolongbao"referstothebunswhicharecookedinasmallbamboobasket.

Usually,xiaolongbaoarefilledwithporkthatiscutintopieces.Butporkisn'talwaysthe

onlyingredient（原料）.Vegetables,seafood,andotherkindsofmeatcanalsobeputinto

xiaolongbao.Peoplethinkupabrightideatokeepthesoupinsidethebuns.Actually,thesoup

esfromthebeefjuicethatiskeptinthesolid（固體）form.Itmeltswhenthebunsarecooked,

butitwillbekeptinsideuntilpeopletaketheirfirstbite.Whatmakesxiaolongbaospecialis

thedelicioussoupthateswitheverybite.

IfssaidthatthedevelopmentofxiaolongbaostartedinShanghai,butnowitisfoundall

overtheworld.ThankstoarestaurantcalledDingTaiFung,xiaolongbaobeeswellknown

throughouttheworld.Theowneroftherestauranthadplannedtosellcookingoilatfirst.But

sincethereweresomanyrestaurantssellingthesameproductanditwasdifficultforthemto

makemoney,theowner'swifestartedsellingxiaolongbaotoearnalittleextramoney.This

deliciousfoodquicklybecamefamousandpopularamongthelocalpeople.Sothecouple

decidedtostopsellingcookingoilandturntheirbusinessintoarestaurant.Intheearly1990s,

DinTaiFungwaschosenasoneoftop10restaurantsintheworld.Sincethen,moreand

morepeoplearoundtheworldhaveknownaboutthefoodxiaolongbao.

AnotherplacewherepeoplecanenjoytastyxiaolongbaoisNanxiangSteamedBun

RestaurantinShanghai.Therestauranthasalonghistoryofmorethan100yearsandits

xiaolongbaoisknownforitsunusualflavour.Unlikemanyotherrestaurants,thisrestaurant

doesnotaddanyshallots,garlic,orA/SG倦蒜或味精）.Justbecarefulwhenyoueatthem

becausetheyarealwaysveryhotwhenbeingserved.

21.Xiaolongbaowasnamedafter.

A.itsshapeandcolourB.thepersonwhoinventedit

C.theplacewhereitbecamepopularD.thecontainerinwhichitiscooked

22.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.Whyxiaolongbaoissodelicious.B.Whoinventedanddeveloped

xiaolongbao.

C.Howxiaolongbaobeesworldwidefamous.D.Whichrestaurantisthebesttomake

xiaolongbao.

23.WhyisxiaolongbaoatNanxiangSteamedBunRestaurantdifferentfromothers?

A.Becauseifsfilledwithgarlic.B.Becauseitsflavourisunusual.

C.Becauseitsshapeisanolddesign.D.Becauseit'scoolwhenbeingserved.

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.XiaolongbaowasfoundinBeijinganddevelopedinShanghai.

B.Thedeliciousfoodxiaolongbaohasalonghistoryofabout100years.

C.DingTaiFungwaschosenasthebestrestaurantintheworldintheearly1990s.

D.Thesolidbeefjuiceinxiaolongbaomeltsandbeessoupwhenbeingcooked.

GwendolynBrookswasthefirstAfricanAmericantowinaPulitzerPrizeforLiterature.

GwendolynBrookswrotehundredsofpoemsduringherlifetime.Shewasknownaroundthe

worldforusingpoetrytoincreaseunderstandingaboutblackcultureinAmerica.

Herpoemsdescribedconditionsamongthepoor,racialinequalityanddruguseinthe

blackmunity.Shealsowrotepoemsaboutthestrugglesofblackwomen.Butherskillwas

morethanherabilitytowriteaboutstrugglingblackpeople.Shewasanexpertatthe

languageofpoetry.ShebinedtraditionalEuropeanpoetrystyleswiththeAfricanAmerican

experience.

Inherearlypoetry,GwendolynBrookswroteabouttheSouthSideofChicago.The

SouthSideofChicagoiswheremanyblackpeoplelive.Inherpoems,theSouthSideis

calledBronzeville.Itwas“AStreetinBronzeville,5thatgainedtheattentionofliterary

expertsin1945.Criticspraisedherpoeticskillandherpowerfuldescriptionsoftheblack

experienceduringthetime.TheBronzevillepoemswereherfirstpublishedcollection.

In1950,GwendolynBrooksbecamethefirstAfricanAmericantowinthePulitzerPrize

forLiterature.Shewontheprizeforhersecondbookofpoemscalled“AnnieAllen"."Annie

Allen^^isacollectionofpoetryaboutthelifeofBronzevillegirlasadaughter,awifeanda

mother.Sheexperiencesloneliness,loss,deathandbeingpoor.Ms.Brookssaidthatwinning

theprizechangedherlife.

Hernextworkwasanovelwrittenin1953called"MaudMartha"."MaudMartha^^

receivedlittlenoticewhenitwasfirstpublished.Butnowitisconsideredanimportantwork

bysomecritics.Itsmainideasaboutthedifficultlifeofmanywomenarepopularamong

femalewriterstoday.

Insomeofherpoems,GwendolynBrooksdescribedhowwhatpeopleseeinlifeis

affectedbywhotheyare.Oneexampleisthispoem,"ComersontheCuringSky”.

Bytheendofthe1960s,GwendolynBrooks'poetryexpandedfromtheeveryday

experiencesofpeopleinBronzeville.Shewroteaboutawriteranddealtwithimportant

politicalissues.

25.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.ThelifeofGwendolynBrooks.

B.ThepoemsofGwendolynBrooks.

C.Theunderstandingaboutblackculture.

D.Thestrugglesofblackwomen.

26.Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlyby.

A.providingexamples

B.usingstatistics

C.paringopinions

D.describingherexperiences.

27.WhichisthecorrectorderaccordingtoGwendolynBrooks9lifetime?

a.GwendolynBrookspoetryexpandedfromeverydayexperiencesofpeopleinBronzeville.

b.GwendolynBrooksdescribedtheSouthSideasBronzeville.

c.GwendolynBrooks5noversmainideaisaboutthedifficultlifeofmanywomen.

d.GwendolynBrookswonthePulizerPrizeforhersecondbook.

e.TheBronzevillepoemsgainedtheCritics9praises.

A.abedcB.bcaed

C.ebcdaD.bedca

28.Inthenextpart,theauthorwouldmostprobablytalkabout.

A.thedifficultiesGwendolynBrookswouldmeet

B.thepoemsrelatedtopoliticalissues

C.theawardsGwendolynBrooksgained

D.theracialinequalitytheblackhadtoface

Ifsnosecretthatlaughterworkswondersforus.Andmuchresearchhasbeencarried

out,whichshowsthatlaughterisgoodforourgeneralhealthandwellbeige.Ithasbeenfound

toreleaseendorphins（釋放安多芬）,ourbodiesnaturalC4feelgood^^chemicals,intoourblood.

Butaswegrowolder,wearemorelikelytofindfewerthingsfunny.Achildwilllaughon

average300timesaday.Bythetimewereachadulthood,hisnumberisaround20.But

whafsbehindthis?Onetheorysuggeststhatit'snotaproblemoflosingoursenseofhumor

butrather,aswetakethingsabitmoreseriously.

Laughterisverymuchsomethingwedowithothers.Studieshaveshownthatweare30

timesmorelikelytofindsomethingfunnywhenwearewithothersthanwhenweareby

ourselves.Buttolaughwithothers,wedoneedtofeelaconnectiontothem.Weneedtofeel

fbrtableintheirpany.Thafswhyitcanbedifficulttolaughwithstrangers.Laughterisalso

verycontagiousandoneperson'slaughcanspreadquicklythroughoutagroupofpeople.But

oftenwhatmakesusjoininisthefearofstandingoutandbeingdifferent.Welaugh,evenif

wedon'treallygetthejoke,especiallyingroupscontrolledbyapowerfulperson.

Whentheheadteachertellsajoke,forexample,youlaugh,eventhoughlateryoumight

wonderifthejokewasreallythatfunnyatall.

Therearemanydifferentreasonswhywelaugh.Herearethreewidelyacceptedtheories:

TheIncongruityTheory:It'softentheunexpectedthatmakesuslaugh.Whenthingsthatwe

arefamiliarwithsuddenlytakeaturnintotheunknown,ourexpectationsarechallengedand

thatoftenresultsinlaughter.TheSuperiorityTheory:Weoftenfindthemistakesand

misfortunesofothersfunny.Thiswouldexplainthepopularityofonlinevideosshowing

pranks（惡作居U）.TheReliefTheory:Laughofferslightrelief.Itexplainswhythereareso

manyjokesaboutthedarkerthingsinlife.Bybeingabletolaughatthem,weareabletoface

themmoreeasily.

29.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Morefiinnythingshappenwhenwearewithothers.

B.Peoplefeelfbrtableinstrangers9pany.

C.Welaughsometimesbecauseofsocialneeds.

D.Powerfulpeoplearemorelikelytobefunny.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"contagious“probablymean?

A.有區(qū)別的B.有感染力的C.令人害怕的D.令人舒適的

31.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

A.Somethingfamiliariseasytomakepeoplelaugh.

B.Thereareonly3theoriesaboutthereasonswhywelaugh.

C.Everychildlaughs300timesandanadultlaughs20timesaday.

D.TheSuperiorityTheorycanexplainwhypeoplelovemakingfunnyvideos.

32.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theartoflaughter.

B.Thesignoflaughter.

C.Thepoweroflaughter.

D.Thescienceoflaughter.

Tsunami:KillerWave

Thewarningsarefew.Thesignsaresudden.Thegroundshakes.Thetidegoesinto

reverse.Agreatroaringsoundfillstheair.Andthen...Itstrikes.Waveafterwaveofcrashing,

crushingwater.Andwhenitisover,nothingisleft.Atsunami.

ThewordinJapanesemeans“harborwave”.Japanhasbeenhitbymanytsunamisinits

history,asaresultofitslocation.Itliesacrosstheedgesof4tectonicplates.Most

earthquakesarebominsuchplaces.Whentwotectonicplatespushtogether,theearthquake

sendsenormousamountsofenergyupthroughtheocean.Aseriesofwavesexpandsinall

directions.Indeepwater,thesewavestravelfast——upto500milesanhour——butreacha

heightofonlyafewfeet.Apassingshipmaynotevennoticethem.Butasthewavesenter

shallowwatersandeintocontactwiththeoceanfloor,theirspeedisreducedbuttheirheight

israised.Astheymoveontoland,thewavescanriseashighasa1Ostorybuilding.

Atsunamiwavedoesn'tbreaklikeanordinarywave.Instead,itadvanceslikeawallof

water,crashingovereverythinginitsway,sometimesreachingmorethanakilometerinland.

Moredamageiscausedwhenthewavemovesbackouttosea.Itdragseverythinginitspath

underwaterandouttosea.Mosttsunamishaveseveralwaves.Theyarrivebetween10and60

minutesafterthefirststrike-justwhensurvivorsthinkthedangerhaspassed.

ThedeadliesttsunamieverrecordedoccurredinDecemberof2004.Anearthquakeoff

thecoastofIndonesiacausedatsunamithatrushedacrosstheIndianOceanandreachedas

farasthecoastofAfrica.Wholesectionsofcitiesweredestroyed.Morethan200,000people

died.

Mosthadnowayofbeingwarned.FivethousandmilesawayinHawaii,scientistsatthe

PacificTsunamiWarningCentermonitortheearth?smovements24hoursaday.Theyhopeto

preventasimilardisasterfromhappeninginthePacificregion.Iftheydiscoveraquakebig

enoughtocauseatsunami,thescientiststrytofindoutwherethewavewillheadandwarn

peopleinitspath.Theiradviceissimple:leavethecoastalareasandmovetohigherground.

Waitfornewsthatthedangerhaspassed.Andbereadytodealwiththedamagethata

tsunamileavesbehind.

33.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Whatisatsunamilike?

B.Whatisatsunami?

C.Wheredoesatsunamiefrom?

D.Howstrongisatsunami?

34.Whichofthedescriptionoftsunamiisproperaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thedeadliesttsunamieverrecordedcaused200,000peopletodie.

B.Anordinarywaveadvanceslikeawallofwater,crashingovereverythinginitsway.

C.Mosttsunamiscanbewarnednowbecausescientistsmonitortheearth'smovements24

hoursaday.

D.Whenatsunamiwavemovesbackouttosea,moredamagehappens.

35.Whereisthisarticleprobablyfrom?

A.Adailynewspaper.

B.Anaturemagazine.

C.Adetectivenovel.

D.Ascienceresearch.

puters,smartphones,andothermachinesaretheperfectservants.Theyalwaysdowhat

theyare"told”.Weusually“tell"themtodothingsbyusingamouseorkeyboard.Butwhat

ifwecouldjusttalktothemnormallyandtellthemwhattodoinourdailylife?

Thistypeoftechnology,knownasvoicecontrolorvoicerecognition（聲音識(shí)另U）,has

beenshowninfilmsandTVshowssincethe1960s.Andrealworldvoicerecognitionisused

formoreeverydaytasks.YoumightbefamiliarwithSiriandAlexa,twoexamplesofvoice

recognitionsoftwaremadebyAppleandAmazon.Theycanbeaskedtodomanythings,from

settingalarmsandplayingmusictoplacingonlineshoppingordersandcontrollinghousehold

appliances（家用電器）.

Oneofthenicethingsaboutvoicerecognitionisthatitcanbeusedwhenwe'reonthe

go.Whenyou'redrivingacarorwalkingdownthesidewalk,itcanbeinconvenientoreven

dangeroustopickupyoursmartphoneandtypeawayonthekeyboard.Voicerecognition

allowsyoutofocuson（專(zhuān)注于）whateveryou'redoingatthemomentwhilestilldoingother

tasks.Whafsmore,peoplewithhearingdisabilitiescanalsobenefit（獲益）,asspeech

recognitionsoftwarecanbeusedto“l(fā)isten“tospokenwordsand