狗狗是如何看待主人的？狗狗愛主人嗎

名師精講外刊狗狗是如何看待主人的？狗狗愛主人嗎？Isthisonetrue,greatquestionofourtime?名師精講外刊有這么一個說法：狗狗是人類最忠誠的朋友。但是狗狗是真心愛主人的嗎？狗狗對主人的愛是無條件的嗎？還是因為主人為狗狗提供了食物和住所，因而對主人心懷感恩。如果狗狗愛自己的主人，那么它們的愛可以用人類情感標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量嗎？它們的感情用人類的理解來解讀是否科學(xué)？讓我們一起走進(jìn)今天的外刊。課前問題1.如何表達(dá)對某事或某物的癡迷？2.作者提出狗狗不愛主人的論點是什么呢？導(dǎo)讀名師精講外刊Isthisonetrue,greatquestionofourtime?名師精講外刊Whatisthemeaningoflife?IsthereaGod?Arewealoneintheuniverse?WereWilliamShakespeare'splaysinfactwrittenbyfeministwomanEmiliaBassano,thusexplainingatlastwhytheplayshavenoheroesbutonlyheroines?【基礎(chǔ)解析】heroinen.1)（書、戲劇、電影或故事中品行端正的）女主角，女主人公【例】TheheroineisaseniorTVexecutive.女主角是一名電視臺的高級主管。2)女英雄；女杰；女豪杰【例】theheroinesoftherevolution那場革命中的各位女英雄3)（女）偶像；心目中的女英雄【例】MyheroinewasElizabethTaylor.我心目中的偶像是伊麗莎白·泰勒。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】intrinsicadj.固有的；內(nèi)在的；本身的【釋】belongingtoorpartoftherealnatureofsth/sb【例1】theintrinsicvalueofeducation教育的固有價值【例2】Thesetaskswererepetitive,lengthyandlackinganyintrinsicinterest.這些任務(wù)重復(fù)冗長，沒有什么意義。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】authorshipn.1)作者身份【釋】Theauthorshipofapieceofwritingistheidentityofthepersonwhowroteit.【例】Itsauthorshiphasbeendisputed.誰是作者尚無定論。2)寫作活動；作家職業(yè)【釋】Authorshipistheactivityorjobofwritingbooksorarticles.【例】Itwasherfirsttryatauthorshipandprovedagreatsuccess.這是她第一次嘗試寫作，結(jié)果證明非常成功。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】resolvev.1)解決（問題或困難）【釋】toresolveanissue/adispute/aconflict/acrisis【例】Bothsidesmetinordertotrytoresolvetheirdifferences.雙方會晤以努力解決分歧。2)決心；決定【釋】~(onsth/ondoingsth)tomakeafirmdecisiontodosth【例1】Sheresolved(that)shewouldneverseehimagain.她決心再也不見他了?！纠?】Wehadresolvedonmakinganearlystart.我們已經(jīng)決定早點動身。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】resolvev.3)（委員會、會議等）作出決定；作出決議；表決【釋】toreachadecisionbymeansofaformalvote【例1】Itwasresolvedthatthematterbereferredtoahigherauthority.經(jīng)過表決決定把這件事提交給上級主管部門?！纠?】TheSupremeCouncilresolvedtoresumecontroloverthenationalpress.最高理事會決定重新接管對國家新聞機(jī)構(gòu)的控制。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】pallidadj.1)（ofaperson,theirface,etc.人、面色等）（尤指因?。┥n白的【釋】pale,especiallybecauseofillness【例】apallidcomplexion蒼白的臉色2)（ofcoloursorlight顏色或光線）暗淡的；微弱的；乏味的【釋】notstrongorbright,andthereforenotattractive【例】apallidsky暗淡的天空精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【基礎(chǔ)解析】paleintoinsignificance相形見絀；顯得遜色【釋】toseemlessimportantwhencomparedwithsthelse【例】Lastyear'sriotspaleincomparisonwiththislatestoutburstofviolence.去年的騷亂與最近這次暴亂相比，可說是小巫見大巫。精講試聽結(jié)束Yes,thesearequestionsofsomeintrinsicimportancebut(saveforthetoweringissueofShakespeareauthorship,resolvedformenowbymycertaintythatEmiliaBassanowasthis"Shakespeare")theypaleintopallidinsignificancenexttotheGreatQuestionofOurTimeofwhetherornotourdogsloveus.【拓展延伸】近義詞：1)overshadow/???v????d??/v.使顯得遜色；使黯然失色【釋】tomakesb/sthseemlessimportant,orsuccessful【例】Hehadalwaysbeenovershadowedbyhiseldersister.他與他姐姐相比總是相形見絀。2)dwarf/dw??f/v.使顯得矮?。皇瓜嘈我娊I【釋】tomakesthseemsmallorunimportantcomparedwithsthelse【例】Theoldhousesweredwarfedbythehugenewtowerblocks.這些舊房子在新建的高樓大廈的映襯下顯得十分矮小。Amanicdoglover,IprickedupmyearsandevendidalittleintellectualdroolingasIreadthiseternalquestionintelligentlydiscussedinanewessay.AuthorsAdamRutherfordandHannahFryjoustwithoneanotheronthisbig,shaggy,four-leggedsubject.【基礎(chǔ)解析】manicadj.1)狂熱的；興奮的；忙亂的【例】Thingsaremanicintheofficeatthemoment.這會兒辦公室里一片忙亂。2)躁狂的【例】manicmoodswings喜怒無常的情緒變化n.1)瘋子【例】Thecabinlookedasifamaniachadbeenletloosethere.小屋看上去像是被放任的瘋子光顧過一樣。2)狂熱分子maniac/?me?ni?k/adj.瘋狂的【例】Hecouldnotmaintainhismaniacspeedformuchlonger.他不能太長時間地保持這種瘋狂的速度。Amanicdoglover,IprickedupmyearsandevendidalittleintellectualdroolingasIreadthiseternalquestionintelligentlydiscussedinanewessay.AuthorsAdamRutherfordandHannahFryjoustwithoneanotheronthisbig,shaggy,four-leggedsubject.【基礎(chǔ)解析】prickv.1)刺；戳；扎【例】Prickthepotatoesandrubtheskinswithsalt.將馬鈴薯戳一些洞，并用鹽揉搓外皮。2)刺痛；戳傷；扎傷【例】Shehadjustprickedherfingerwiththeneedle.她剛用針把手指扎破了。3)（淚水）刺痛（眼睛）【例】Davidfelttearsprickhiseyes.大衛(wèi)德覺得眼淚就要流出來了。4）刺激（良心）；使突然經(jīng)受；觸動【例】Mostweresympatheticonceweprickedtheirconsciences.一旦我們使他們良心發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)人還是有同情心的。Amanicdoglover,IprickedupmyearsandevendidalittleintellectualdroolingasIreadthiseternalquestionintelligentlydiscussedinanewessay.AuthorsAdamRutherfordandHannahFryjoustwithoneanotheronthisbig,shaggy,four-leggedsubject.【基礎(chǔ)解析】prickn.1)刺痛感【例】Atthesametimeshefeltaprickonherneck.同時，她覺得脖子上一陣刺痛。2)笨蛋；蠢貨【例】Heisaverifiedprick.他是個不折不扣的混蛋。Amanicdoglover,IprickedupmyearsandevendidalittleintellectualdroolingasIreadthiseternalquestionintelligentlydiscussedinanewessay.AuthorsAdamRutherfordandHannahFryjoustwithoneanotheronthisbig,shaggy,four-leggedsubject.【基礎(chǔ)解析】droolv.1)垂涎；淌口水【釋】toletsaliva(=liquid)comeoutofyourmouth【例】Thedogwasdroolingatthemouth.狗嘴里淌著口水。2)（對……）垂涎欲滴，過分癡迷【釋】~(oversb/sth)toshowinasillyorexaggeratedwaythatyouwantoradmiresb/sthverymuch【例】teenagersdroolingoverphotosofmoviestars對電影明星照片如癡如醉的青少年Amanicdoglover,IprickedupmyearsandevendidalittleintellectualdroolingasIreadthiseternalquestionintelligentlydiscussedinanewessay.AuthorsAdamRutherfordandHannahFryjoustwithoneanotheronthisbig,shaggy,four-leggedsubject.【基礎(chǔ)解析】joustv.1)（尤指舊時作為正式比賽一部分的）馬上長矛打斗，騎馬比武【釋】tofightonhorsesusingalongstick(=alance)totrytoknocktheotherpersonofftheirhorse,especiallyaspartofaformalcontestinthepast【例】Knightsjoustandfrolic.騎士們騎馬比武，嬉戲作樂。2)（尤指作為正式或公開辯論一部分的）辯論，討論，爭論【釋】toarguewithsb,especiallyaspartofaformalorpublicdebate【例】lawyersjoustinthecourtroom法庭上展開激辯的律師們AndwhenIcallitthegreatquestionofourtime,Iamnotbeingentirelyfrivolousbecausedogownership,alreadyahugephenomenon(ofpet-owningAustralians,whichis72percentofus,48percentofushaveadog)hastakenonextrasignificancesduringthepandemic.Thepartsdogscanplayinaddinglustertoourmentalhealth,especiallybycombatingthepandemic'senforcedlonelinesses,arebeingmuch-researchednow.Youcanreadafact-richsummaryofallthisinaWorldEconomicForumpieceThisIsHowPetsHelpedOurMentalHealthDuringLockdown.【基礎(chǔ)解析】frivolousadj.1)人或行為愚蠢的；可笑的【釋】sillyoramusing,especiallywhensuchbehaviourisnotsuitable【例】frivolouscomments/suggestions愚蠢的話/可笑的建議2)無聊的；不嚴(yán)肅的【釋】havingnousefulorseriouspurpose【例】frivolouspastimes/pleasures無聊的消遣/娛樂AndwhenIcallitthegreatquestionofourtime,Iamnotbeingentirelyfrivolousbecausedogownership,alreadyahugephenomenon(ofpet-owningAustralians,whichis72percentofus,48percentofushaveadog)hastakenonextrasignificancesduringthepandemic.Thepartsdogscanplayinaddinglustertoourmentalhealth,especiallybycombatingthepandemic'senforcedlonelinesses,arebeingmuch-researchednow.Youcanreadafact-richsummaryofallthisinaWorldEconomicForumpieceThisIsHowPetsHelpedOurMentalHealthDuringLockdown.【基礎(chǔ)解析】takeon1)承擔(dān)，接受（尤指艱巨工作或重大責(zé)任）【例】Nootherorganizationwasableorwillingtotakeonthejob.沒有任何別的組織有能力或愿意承擔(dān)此項工作。2)呈現(xiàn)，顯出（新面貌或新特點）【例】Believinghehadonlyayeartolive,hiswritingtookonafeverishintensity.由于以為自己只剩一年的活頭，他的文字開始變得激情澎湃。3)（公共汽車、船舶等）上（客），裝（貨），補(bǔ)充（燃料）【例】Thisisabriefstoptotakeonpassengersandwater.這是一次短暫?？?，上上客，加加水。AndwhenIcallitthegreatquestionofourtime,Iamnotbeingentirelyfrivolousbecausedogownership,alreadyahugephenomenon(ofpet-owningAustralians,whichis72percentofus,48percentofushaveadog)hastakenonextrasignificancesduringthepandemic.Thepartsdogscanplayinaddinglustertoourmentalhealth,especiallybycombatingthepandemic'senforcedlonelinesses,arebeingmuch-researchednow.Youcanreadafact-richsummaryofallthisinaWorldEconomicForumpieceThisIsHowPetsHelpedOurMentalHealthDuringLockdown.【基礎(chǔ)解析】takeon4）雇用；錄用【例】He'sspokentoapublishingfirm.They'regoingtotakehimon.他和一家出版公司談過了，他們打算雇用他。5）與（尤指實力比自己強(qiáng)的人）較量；接受……的挑戰(zhàn)【例】Democratswerereluctanttotakeonapresidentwhosepopularityratingswerehistoricallyhigh.民主黨人不愿與一位有史以來民眾支持率最高的總統(tǒng)較量。6）擅自決定；自作主張【例】Knoxhadtakenitonhimselftochoosethewine.諾克斯擅自作主，選了葡萄酒。InSoDoOurDogsLoveUs?HannahFryargues,persuasively,thatyesofcoursetheydowhileAdamRutherfordargues,persuasively,that,probably,notheydon't.【基礎(chǔ)解析】persuasiveadj.有說服力的；令人信服的【釋】abletopersuadesbtodoorbelievesth【例1】persuasivearguments令人信服的論點【例2】Hecanbeverypersuasive.他有時很會說服人。Hearguesthat"Becauselove...isnecessarilyahumanconceptandcanonlybeexpressedbyhumans,theanswerhastobeno,mybeloveddogJessedoesnotloveme.Onlyhumansarecapableoflovebecauseitisahumancondition.ThefeelingthatJessehasformeisadogfeeling,andthereforeineffabletome.Untilhelearnstospeak,hecan'tdescribetomehowhefeels."【基礎(chǔ)解析】belovedadj.1)鐘愛的；深受喜愛的【釋】lovedverymuchbysb;verypopularwithsb【例】thedeeppurpleflowerssobelovedbyartists受藝術(shù)家青睞的深紫色花2)深愛的；親愛的【釋】lovedverymuch【例】inmemoryofourdearlybelovedson,John為紀(jì)念我們的愛子——約翰n.心愛的人【釋】apersonwhoislovedverymuchbysb【例】Itwasagiftfromherbeloved.那是她心愛的人送的禮物。Hearguesthat"Becauselove...isnecessarilyahumanconceptandcanonlybeexpressedbyhumans,theanswerhastobeno,mybeloveddogJessedoesnotloveme.Onlyhumansarecapableoflovebecauseitisahumancondition.ThefeelingthatJessehasformeisadogfeeling,andthereforeineffabletome.Untilhelearnstospeak,hecan'tdescribetomehowhefeels."【基礎(chǔ)解析】ineffableadj.（美好得）難以形容的，不可言喻的【釋】toogreatorbeautifultodescribeinwords【例】ineffablejoy難以形容的喜悅Butyourdog-besottedcolumnistismovedtothinkthatalmostallfeelingsoflove(whatever"love"is),includingourspecies'yearningforitfromallandanysourceshumanandanimal(IsharethisyearninganddesperatelywanttobelievemydoglovesmewhilewonderingwhyIcarewhatadroolingbrutethinksofme)are"ineffable"andmysterious.Areourloverelationshipswithotherhumansanylessineffablethanourloverelationshipswithourdogs?【基礎(chǔ)解析】besottedadj.（對某人、某物）愛得發(fā)狂的，癡迷的【釋】lovingsb/sthsomuchthatyoudonotbehaveinasensibleway【例】Heiscompletelybesottedwithhisnewgirlfriend.他對他的新女友一片癡心。Butyourdog-besottedcolumnistismovedtothinkthatalmostallfeelingsoflove(whatever"love"is),includingourspecies'yearningforitfromallandanysourceshumanandanimal(IsharethisyearninganddesperatelywanttobelievemydoglovesmewhilewonderingwhyIcarewhatadroolingbrutethinksofme)are"ineffable"andmysterious.Areourloverelationshipswithotherhumansanylessineffablethanourloverelationshipswithourdogs?【基礎(chǔ)解析】yearningn.渴望；向往【釋】astrongandemotionaldesire【例】ayearningforaquietlife對寧靜生活的向往Bu