決戰(zhàn)閱讀之說明文-物品說明類2 精講課件（強(qiáng)化篇）

(高中說明文)物品說明類2決戰(zhàn)閱讀之巔

讓學(xué)生對(duì)物品說明類說明文有更深的理解。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)說明文進(jìn)行邏輯思考和整體框架總結(jié)的能力。讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)一套系統(tǒng)的，有邏輯的說明文做題方法。學(xué)會(huì)使用“脫衣服”大法分析長(zhǎng)難句。積累與物品說明類說明文相關(guān)的主題詞匯。真題講解示例22019全國(guó)卷ⅠC

PART3123GroupdiscussionWhatcanwedotoprotectourprivacy?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutinformationdisclosure?smartkeyboard智能鍵盤題目見講義①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.③Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.④Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.(2019全國(guó)卷ⅠC)題目見講義摘要:2019年全國(guó)卷I一般特殊型

說明文引言正文總結(jié)Tosolvetheproblemofprivatee-spacestechnology,researcherscameupwithalow-costdevice.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏).Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecurity.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbestraightforwardtocommercialize.Theteamhopestomakesmartkeyboardtomarketinthenearfuture.1.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?2.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?3.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?快速通讀文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所對(duì)應(yīng)的題目。MindMap2019全國(guó)卷1說明對(duì)象事物概況（what）設(shè)計(jì)原理（how）asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-costmeasurethecadenceofferastronglayerofsecuritydoesn’trequirenewtechnology應(yīng)用前景Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture.determinepeople’sidentitiesonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkeyanalyzethingsandthetimebetweenkeypressesliketheforceofauser’stypingthepatternsareuniquetoeachpersoneverybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?題目速覽678Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.9Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics.D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題文章出處題asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-cost題干定位說明對(duì)象拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）細(xì)節(jié)理解題6STEP1：定位信息段Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,

themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,

thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,

though.

②

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.expensivegetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard技巧點(diǎn)撥：同義詞替換答案指向句分析Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscanstokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.themarketisgrowingforbiometrictechnologies狀語likefingerprintscans定語Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon狀語從句參考譯文隨著數(shù)據(jù)和身份的盜竊現(xiàn)象越來越常見，生物測(cè)量技術(shù)的市場(chǎng)逐漸增長(zhǎng)，比如指紋識(shí)別是為了防止進(jìn)入別人的私人電子空間。然而，目前那些科技仍然比較昂貴。23341124thepatternsareuniquetoeachperson題干定位設(shè)計(jì)原理拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）細(xì)節(jié)理解題7STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.STEP2：定位信息段②

Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.

Thus,

thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,

whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.技巧點(diǎn)撥:同義復(fù)現(xiàn)Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.答案指向句分析Step1:去枝葉，找主干，括從句Step2:添加枝葉（定語狀語同位語），補(bǔ)全句意thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentitieswhethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputer11whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句it’sconnectedto省略that的定語從句22regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句33參考譯文這些方式對(duì)每個(gè)人來說都是獨(dú)一無二的。因此，就算有人輸入正確的密碼，智能鍵盤也可以識(shí)別出身份，進(jìn)而決定是否讓人訪問與之相連的計(jì)算機(jī)。44Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture題干定位應(yīng)用前景拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）細(xì)節(jié)理解題8STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞STEP2：定位信息段Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics.D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.④Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.技巧點(diǎn)撥:同義詞替換hopestomakeittomarketinthenearfutureTheresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.答案指向句分析and在賓語從句中連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句thekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforward11ismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts22andtocommercialize目的狀語參考譯文研究者表示，智能鍵盤商業(yè)化非常容易，大多由造價(jià)便宜、類似塑料的部件組成。答案指向句分析Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.Theteamhopestomakeittomarket作目的狀語inthenearfuture作時(shí)間狀語參考譯文他們團(tuán)隊(duì)希望在不久的將來它能進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。332112asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-cost題干定位說明對(duì)象拆解：說明文（一般特殊型）文章出處題9STEP1：標(biāo)關(guān)鍵詞STEP2：定位信息段Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.技巧點(diǎn)撥：文章出處題通常根據(jù)文中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞判斷類型，從而得出答案。②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.low-costdevice回顧2019全國(guó)卷I說明對(duì)象事物概況（what）設(shè)計(jì)原理（how）asmartkeyboardcanbeusedtoprotectpeople’sprivacyandislow-costmeasurethecadenceofferastronglayerofsecuritydoesn’trequirenewtechnology應(yīng)用前景Thesmartkeyboardcanprotectpeople’sprivacyandishopedtomarketinthefuture.determinepeople’sidentitiesonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkeyanalyzethingsandthetimebetweenkeypressesliketheforceofauser’stypingthepatternsareuniquetoeachpersoneverybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferentlyQ6Q9Q7Q8Tip1:閱讀理解滿分還在于____________的理解。Tip2:長(zhǎng)難句分析可以采用_________________：①______________________________________________;②______________________________________________;③______________________________________________。Tip3:善于比較_______________________________

長(zhǎng)難句脫衣服大法去枝葉留主干，去掉定語、狀語、同位語、插入語等找主干，括從句，弄懂主干漢語意思依次還原枝葉，得到完整句意文中長(zhǎng)難句與選項(xiàng)的關(guān)系SUMMARYTip1:說明文文章出處題常與_____________有關(guān)。Tip2:說明文中心句常出現(xiàn)在_____________,

常見的標(biāo)志詞/句：①____________________________________;②____________________________________;③____________________________________。Tip3:說明文主旨題正確選項(xiàng)特征_____________________主旨大意說明對(duì)象Themarketis…標(biāo)題或段首Theresearcherisdeveloping…Recenttechnologiesare…同義復(fù)現(xiàn)/概括呈現(xiàn)詞匯梳理：同義/近義復(fù)現(xiàn)①Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,

themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,

thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,

though.②ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.

Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.

Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.

Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.

Thus,

thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,

andbyextension,

whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.6Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.comeupwithgetsaround詞匯梳理：同義/近義復(fù)現(xiàn)④Inastudydescribingthetechnology,

theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,

withverylowerrorrates.

Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.

Theteamhopestomake