專題07 閱讀理解記敘文、新聞報(bào)道、議論文五年(2020-2024)高考英語(yǔ)真題分類匯編(解析版)

2020-2024年五年高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1專題7閱讀理解之記敘文,新聞報(bào)道和議論文【好題匯編】五年(2020-2024)高考英語(yǔ)真題分類匯編(新高考專用)第一部分記敘文主題語(yǔ)境考點(diǎn)分布人與自我2023浙江1月卷—家中零浪費(fèi)生活方式；2022浙江6月卷—工作中學(xué)會(huì)接納自己；2021浙江6月卷—演員演藝生涯；2020新課標(biāo)卷—逆境完成學(xué)業(yè)樹榜樣；人與社會(huì)2023新課標(biāo)II卷—學(xué)?？茖W(xué)項(xiàng)目；2022新課標(biāo)II卷—記者生活趣事；2020新課標(biāo)卷—書評(píng);人與自然2024新課標(biāo)I卷—中醫(yī)針灸治療動(dòng)物；2023新課標(biāo)I卷JohnTodd建造了一個(gè)生態(tài)機(jī)器2021浙江6月卷—把大自然推銷給孩子。一、命題趨向記敘文的命題形式常有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測(cè)、主旨大意、推理判斷等題型。除了推理判斷或詞義猜測(cè)題，記敘文的命題順序一般都會(huì)按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)。每年的高考題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，主要是圍繞記敘文六要素進(jìn)行命題，以考查細(xì)節(jié)為主，但都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測(cè)題。二、技巧點(diǎn)撥1、對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)信息題，要抓住整體篇章，看懂主題。利用內(nèi)容間的因果關(guān)系，梳理時(shí)間空間順序，對(duì)所考查細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行剖析了解，確定主題，將零碎的細(xì)節(jié)組成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。2、對(duì)于詞句猜測(cè)題，要借助篇章中的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的理解來(lái)充分理解題意，遇到陌生詞語(yǔ)盡量先避過(guò)，遵循先略讀再通讀的原則，進(jìn)行仔細(xì)推敲。尤其要注重對(duì)語(yǔ)境的把握。3、對(duì)于主旨大意題，要注意主題句和主題段，絕大多數(shù)的篇章采用總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，要注意段與段之間的聯(lián)系，注意隱藏的中心思想，研究文章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句與句之間的關(guān)系，注重邏輯關(guān)系，從整體把握文章的脈絡(luò)。一．人與自我(學(xué)習(xí)和工作)1.2023浙江1月卷—家中零浪費(fèi)生活方式Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Shareanapartmentwithyou. B.Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C.Transformyourwayofliving. D.Helpyoutomakethedecision.25.Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?A.Hedisapprovedofit. B.Hewasfavorabletoit.C.Hewastolerantofit. D.Hedidn’tcareaboutit.26.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Sheisquitegoodatcooking. B.Sherespectsothers’privacy.C.Sheenjoysbeingahousewife. D.Sheisadeterminedperson.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B.Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C.Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.D.Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零浪費(fèi)的生活方式。24.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto(如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此推知，劃線詞組jumponthatbandwagon與Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故選B。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.(幾天后，我?guī)е谝还蘖銖U物雜貨回來(lái)了，我父親評(píng)論說(shuō)，我到處帶著罐子是多么愚蠢。結(jié)果有點(diǎn)令人沮喪)”可推知，作者的父親不贊成用罐子買食品雜貨。故選A。26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.(然而，隨著減少浪費(fèi)的幾個(gè)月的持續(xù)，我盡了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.(也許你的家庭不會(huì)完全改變，但你可以控制自己的個(gè)人空間，做出你想要的改變)”可推知，作者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人。故選D。27.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.(如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng))”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要講述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零浪費(fèi)的生活方式。故選C。2.2022浙江6月卷—工作中學(xué)會(huì)接納自己Pastaandpizzawereoneveryone’slunchmenuinmynativelandofItaly.Everyonewhohadsuchalunchwasfair-skinnedandspokeItalian.Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.Thefoodchoiceswerealmostasdiverseasthestudents.InfrontofmewasanarrayoffoodsIcouldn’tevennameinmynativelanguage.FearingthatIwouldpickoutsomethingawful,Idesperatelytriedtoasktheboyaheadofmeforarecommendation.Unfortunately,betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguage.Althoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.IoftenhadtobeaninterpreterfortheItalian-speakingones.AsIservedtheroleofvitalcommunicationlink,IwasremindedofmydesperatestruggletoconversebeforeIlearnedEnglish.IwatchedwithgreatsympathyaselderlyItalianstriedtoholdaconversationinItalianwithpeoplewhodidnotspeakthelanguage.ItsuddenlybecameverycleartomehowluckyIwastobefluentintwolanguages.InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.InmyEnglishtoItaliantranslations,I’velearnedaboutsocialprogramsthatIdidn’tknowexisted.Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.21.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterenteringschoolinBrooklyn?A.Timepassedquickly. B.Englishwashardtolearn.C.Thefoodwasterrible. D.Peoplewereverydifferent.22.Whodoes“thelittlegirl”inparagraph2referto?A.AnItalianteacher. B.Agovernmentofficial.C.Theauthorherself. D.Theauthor’sclassmate.23.Howdidthesummerjobbenefittheauthor?A.Itstrengthenedherloveforschool. B.Ithelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.C.Itopenedhereyestotherealworld. D.Itmadeherchildhooddreamcometrue.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過(guò)三個(gè)夏天的工作，開闊了視野，接受真實(shí)世界的多樣性，不再是幼兒園里那個(gè)害怕的小女孩了。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三四句“Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.(幾年后，當(dāng)我站在布魯克林一所幼兒園的午餐隊(duì)伍里時(shí)，我意識(shí)到事情不再那么簡(jiǎn)單了。我的同學(xué)中有皮膚白皙、藍(lán)眼睛大的，也有棕色皮膚、深色頭發(fā)的)”可知，當(dāng)作者去了在Brooklyn的一所學(xué)校之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校里的人不一樣。故選D。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二三句“Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.(過(guò)去的三個(gè)夏天，我一直在紐約的一家政府機(jī)構(gòu)工作。新移民涌入我們的辦公室尋求幫助，就像排隊(duì)吃午餐的小女孩一樣)”以及第一段第三句“Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.(幾年后，當(dāng)我站在布魯克林一所幼兒園的午餐隊(duì)伍里時(shí)，我意識(shí)到事情不再那么簡(jiǎn)單了)”可知，當(dāng)年的小女孩長(zhǎng)大了，在紐約的一家政府機(jī)構(gòu)工作，工作環(huán)境讓她想到當(dāng)年自己在幼兒園的午餐隊(duì)伍排隊(duì)的情境。故選C。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三四五句“Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.(這項(xiàng)工作拓展了我的思維，這是在四面墻的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布魯克林的街道上，我不再對(duì)這座城市的聲音和氣味感到困惑。相反，我會(huì)享受它的多樣性)”可知，作者三個(gè)夏天的工作拓展了思維，開始接受真實(shí)世界的多樣性。故選C。3.2021浙江6月卷—演員演藝生涯LeslieNielsen’schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(職業(yè))inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn’tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn’tuntil1980-32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen’sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.21.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.22.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.23.WhatdoesNielsen’scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了LeslieNielsen的演藝生涯。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段“hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting.(他的叔叔，是一位著名的演員。Nielsen的叔叔所贏得的欽佩和尊重激勵(lì)他走上了演藝事業(yè))”可知，Nielsen想當(dāng)演員的原因是想像他叔叔一樣。故選C項(xiàng)。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段“Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.(這部電影使他進(jìn)入了職業(yè)生涯的后半段，即使影評(píng)人對(duì)這部電影評(píng)價(jià)不高，但僅僅憑他的喜劇表演就可以使這部電影獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen職業(yè)生涯的后半段，他成了一個(gè)成功的喜劇演員。故選D項(xiàng)。23.推理判斷題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章最后一段“Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.(他憑借平凡的努力和決心建立了一個(gè)非常成功的事業(yè)。他告訴我們，即使是只有一個(gè)愿望，永不放棄，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷告訴我們：有志者事竟成。故選D項(xiàng)。4.2020新課標(biāo)卷—逆境完成學(xué)業(yè)樹榜樣JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.24.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.25.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.26.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.27.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學(xué)教育的情況下，通過(guò)自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學(xué)位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個(gè)孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵(lì)。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來(lái)支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，因?yàn)榧依餂](méi)有額外的錢用來(lái)支付大學(xué)教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過(guò)自己掙錢來(lái)完成大學(xué)教學(xué)，因?yàn)榧依餂](méi)有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了大學(xué))符合以上說(shuō)法，故選C項(xiàng)。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)殡x家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個(gè)孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選A項(xiàng)。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個(gè)和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯(cuò)過(guò)了很多重要的活動(dòng))可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時(shí)光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她與家人的時(shí)光)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(雖然經(jīng)歷了這些，但她一直保持著良好的學(xué)術(shù)地位，并以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè))和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子們?cè)谝娮C母親獲得學(xué)位的過(guò)程中得到了重要的一課。Jennifer是第一代畢業(yè)生，這對(duì)她的家庭來(lái)說(shuō)是一種激勵(lì)--這是非常強(qiáng)大的。)可知，Jennifer在艱苦的環(huán)境中通過(guò)自己的努力不僅以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，還給孩子樹立了榜樣，同時(shí)也讓家人得到了激勵(lì)。由此推測(cè)，我們可以從Jennifer的故事中學(xué)到:努力總會(huì)有回報(bào)。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力會(huì)得到回報(bào))符合以上說(shuō)法，故選C項(xiàng)。二人與社會(huì)1.2023新課標(biāo)II卷—學(xué)校科學(xué)項(xiàng)目Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.5.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable.C.Short-lived. D.Unidentifiable.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolGardens B.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLovers D.ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項(xiàng)目，讓學(xué)生通過(guò)體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活，對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是這樣的，艾比·哈拉米洛說(shuō)，她和另一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動(dòng)了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)校花園項(xiàng)目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的發(fā)起者。故選D。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她說(shuō)。“他們來(lái)找我們，認(rèn)為蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆蟲也很可怕?！彪m然有些人一開始害怕昆蟲，對(duì)泥土感到厭煩，但大多數(shù)人都渴望嘗試新的東西。)”可知，項(xiàng)目之初，一些學(xué)生不喜歡園藝工作。故選C。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”(她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，該計(jì)劃好處不僅僅是營(yíng)養(yǎng)。有些學(xué)生對(duì)園藝非常感興趣，他們帶回家種子開始自己的菜園。此外，在花園里工作似乎對(duì)Jaramillo的特殊教育學(xué)生有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問(wèn)題?！八麄冏吡顺鋈ィ彼f(shuō)，“他們覺得成功?！?”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅給學(xué)生提供了有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物，而且許多學(xué)生回家開創(chuàng)了自己的菜園，對(duì)有情緒控制問(wèn)題的學(xué)生也起到了鎮(zhèn)靜作用，從而推知，該項(xiàng)目的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的。故選A。7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是這樣的，艾比·哈拉米洛說(shuō)，她和另一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校啟動(dòng)了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項(xiàng)目。該項(xiàng)目旨在幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)科學(xué)技能、環(huán)保意識(shí)和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項(xiàng)目，讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活，對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)“體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選B。2.2022新課標(biāo)II卷—記者對(duì)孫子的行為感到困惑Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A.Providedshelterforme. B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme. D.Workedquitewellonme.25.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A.Hetookitforatabletcomputer. B.Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C.Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa. D.Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.26.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A.Sociallyambitious. B.Physicallyattractive.C.Financiallyindependent. D.Digitallycompetent.27.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A.Helacksexperienceinhisjob. B.Heseldomappearsontelevision.C.Hemanagesavideodepartment. D.Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?4.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及畫線詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個(gè)講故事的新時(shí)代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它是新的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。故畫線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實(shí)上，他對(duì)書本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺(tái)裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開心，當(dāng)你戳它們的時(shí)候，這些圖片就會(huì)變得栩栩如生。他認(rèn)為我的故事書就是那樣的)”可知，那孩子戳故事書是因?yàn)樗阉?dāng)成了平板電腦。故選A。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但從數(shù)字角度來(lái)說(shuō)，我還沒(méi)有毫無(wú)希望的挑戰(zhàn)。我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動(dòng)支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站)”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己懂?dāng)?shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒體體驗(yàn)中有一個(gè)明顯的差距：我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因?yàn)槲业哪樖菫殡娕_(tái)而生的)”可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。3.2020新課標(biāo)卷—書評(píng)Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬禮)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.28.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A.Hisfriends'invitation. B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching. D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.30.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A.Romantic. B.Eventful. C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.31.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceabook. B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C.Torememberawriter. D.Torecommendatraveldestination.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了Bissell寫的《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國(guó)的幽靈》這本書。這本書是Bissell在烏茲別克斯坦做志愿者后寫的，是對(duì)烏茲別克斯坦人生活的一個(gè)快速觀察。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothe