新高考英語｜語法專項之非謂語動詞 講解課件-2025屆高三英語一輪復(fù)習專題

Grammar

非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞功能比較

todo的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

-ingform的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)非謂語動詞的否定式

-ingform與pp的區(qū)別獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

1.謂語動詞與非謂語動詞：

在句子中擔任謂語的動詞，叫做謂語動詞；在句子中擔任主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語等的動詞，叫做非謂語動詞。Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Iamreadinganovel.ShefoundEnglishhardtolearn.

Seeingisbelieving.

Thebuildingbuiltisquitesatisfactory.Pleasestopspeaking.（謂語）（謂語）（狀語）（主語和表語）（定語）（賓語）2.非謂語動詞的分類不定式(todo)

分詞動名詞（doing）

注意：havingdone/havingbeendone不作定語beingdone不作狀語todo/tobedonetobedoingtohavedone/tohavebeendonetohavebeendoing一般式/一般式的被動進行式完成式/完成式的被動完成進行式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞done

既表被動又表完成一般式/一般式的被動完成式/完成式的被動doing/beingdonehavingdone/havingbeendone主語表語賓語定語補語狀語todo-ingformpp(done)非謂語動詞功能比較eg.Ilikeskating,butIdon’tliketoskatetoday.

Playingwithfireisdangerous.Lookout！Toplaywithfireisdangerous.主語todo表示具體的動作，

-ingform表示泛指的動作。2.不定式短語作主語時，往往放在謂語之后，用it

作形式主語。

Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.

Itmademeveryhappytohearhertalkaboutit.【注意1】Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（for引出動作發(fā)出者）（of引出adj

修飾的對象）主語Itisnouse/good/useless/fundoing…【注意2】Itisgreatfunsailingaboat.但Itisworthwhile+doing/todo都可Itiseasyfor

metofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorfor

ustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykind

ofyoutogivemesomehelp.It'simpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat.注意：常用在of

句型中的adj有：kind,nice,wise,unwise,clever,foolish,cruel,careless,stupid,naughty,polite,impolite,silly,wrong,brave,honest,noble，right,rude等＝Y(jié)ouareverykindtogivemesomehelp.

＝Y(jié)ouareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.

主語Theofficersnarrowlyescaped_____inthehotbattle.

A.havekilled

B.tokill

C.tobekilled

D.beingkilledDon’tyouremember_____themanbefore?

A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.tohaveseen“Haveyoudecidedwhen_____?”

“Yes,tomorrowmorning.”

A.tobeleaving

B.toleave

C.willyouleaveD.areyouleavingShe_____mewhenIpassedby.A.didn’tpretendtoseeB.pretendednotseeingC.pretendednottoseeD.pretendedtohavenotseen賓語

賓語

注意：不定式短語作賓語時，如果還帶有賓語補足語，往往把不定式賓語放在賓語補足語之后，而用it作形式賓語。

Ifind/feelitinterestingtoworkwithhim．

小結(jié)：find/think/feel/make/considerit+adj/n+todosth.MyteachermadeitaruleonlytospeakEnglishinclass.考點一:

demand,want,expect,promise,determine,refuse,offer,fail,manage,learn,agree,seem,hope,decide,prepare,pretend,wish,afford

等+todoEg.老板要求被告訴一切。Eg.Thebossdemandedtobetoldeverything.

考點二:

admit，appreciate，avoid，consider,delay,deny,enjoy，escape,excuse，face，feellike，finish，forgive，fancy（想到）giveup,imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，pardon,practise，putoff，resist,risk，suggest，can’thelp，can’tstand(無法忍受)等+doing賓語

like,love,hate,prefer,begin,start,continue,intend+doing/todo意義無區(qū)別考點三：forget，remember，regret，goon，mean，stop，try

等動詞可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別。

Irememberdoingtheexercise.

Imustremembertodoit.

Imeantocomeearlytoday.

Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour．我記得做過練習．

我必須記得去做這事．我打算今早些來．誤了這趟火車意味著再等一個小時．賓語

regrettosay/tell/inform…遺憾要regretdoing/havingdone后悔做過考點四：

allow，advise，forbid，permit+doing

allow，advise，forbid，permit+sbtodo

beallowed/advised/forbidden/permitted+todo

Wedon’tallow__________here.

Wedon'tallowstudents___________.Studentsarenotallow____________.smokingtosmoke賓語

tosmoke

考點五：在短語pay/drawattentionto,

devote…to，lookforwardto，stickto,beusedto，objectto，getdownto,be(kept)busy，beworth,havedifficulty／trouble／problem(in)，haveagood／wonderful／hardtime(in)+doing考點六：動詞need，require，want

作“需要”解，

+doing（主動表被動）

tobedoneThewindowrequires_____________._____________.

cleaningtobecleaned賓語

考點七bewellworth名詞doing(主動形式表被動意思)beworthytobedoneofbeingdoneof+名詞賓語Thisplaceis

worthworthyavisitvisitingtobevisitedofavisitbeingvisited1.Thestorywas___,wewereall____.

A.moving,movingB.moved,movedC.moving,movedD.moved,moving2.Thereisa___expressiononhisface.Maybetheproblemistoodifficultforhim.A.puzzledB.puzzlingC.puzzleD.topuzzle3.Withhissontoo___,thefatherwassad.A.disappointedB.disappointing定語和表語doing作定語或表語表令人…done表人感到…eg.Heattendsthemeetingbeingheldintheroomnow.正在被Heattendedthemeetingheld

yesterday.已被

Hewillattendthemeetingtobeheld

將要被tomorrow.2.表示被修飾詞的內(nèi)容時，用todo.eg.Shehasastrongwishtogotocollege.theway/chance/ability/right/willingnesstodo但chance/wayof+doing1.從時態(tài)上看，-ingform表示正在進行的動作,pp表示已經(jīng)完成的動作,todo表示將來的動作。定語3.當名詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時用todo作定語Eg.I’mthefirstwomantotravelacrosstheAntarctic.定語Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.Shehasasmallandcoldroom

tolivein.

注意：todo在該結(jié)構(gòu)作定語時主動表被動不定式后有介詞時介詞保留

動名詞作定語

diningcar livingroom typingpaper waitingroomwashingmachine注：動名詞作定語表示被修飾名詞的用途定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語peoplediningtherelivingtheretypingtheletter

….現(xiàn)在分詞作定語多表示修飾的名詞正在發(fā)出該動作Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair_____againstyourface.

A.moved

B.moving

C.moves

D.tomoveTheywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.

A.toriskgoing

B.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoingDon’tleavethewater__whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun賓語補足語eg.Ifoundhim__________themoney.(steal)Ifoundthemoney____________.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimself_______________byanoldlady.(lookafter)IoftenhearMary_________thisEnglishsong.-ingform與賓語為主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作正在進行；

pp與賓語為被動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作已經(jīng)完成；

(to)do只單純表示一個事實，強調(diào)動作的全過程。補足語stealingstolen

beinglookedaftersing

注意2：在feel，hear，listento，lookat，notice，observe，see，watch，have，1et，make

等詞后的補足語中，不定式不帶to。但是這些句中如果變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，就必須帶to。

注意1：

ask,advise,allow,permit,get,beg,cause,command,order,force,encourage,instruct,remind,warn,want,wish,expect,prefer,wouldlike,callon,dependon,askfor,waitfor,

help

+sbtodoIoftenhearhimsingthesong．

Heisoftenheardtosingthesong·

補足語

注意3：catch,keep,mind,prevent,remember,stop,start,smell,send,fancy（想到）+sbdoing例如：Shecaughthersonsmokingacigarette.We’dbetterkeepthefireburning.Idon’tmindyoujoking.Ilikeit.Theheavyrainpreventeduscominghereontime.Wemusttrytostopthemgettingintotrouble.Idon’trememberhimeversayinganythinglikethat.Hiswordsstartedmethinkingseriously.Canyousmellsomethingburning?Theearthquakesentthechinaandglasscrashingtotheground.

補足語補足語Heapologizedforthere_______somemisunderstandingbetweenus.Hedoesn'tallowthere________anymistakesinhiswork.Canyouimaginethere_________livingthingsonthemoon?tobebeingbeing作狀語時的區(qū)別：-ing/pp表示時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨情況等等,eg.Theyworkedhardtopayforthenecklace.Iwenttoseehimonlytofindhimout.Iamgladtoseeyou.todo

表示1.目的;2.結(jié)果—表示出人預(yù)料的情況或結(jié)果。常用only強調(diào)。

3.原因—表示造成情感變化的原因。目的結(jié)果原因狀語但Heisbusywritinganovel,onlystopping

tosmokeacigaretteonceinawhile.only(僅僅)+doing作伴隨狀語Inordertopasstheexam，heworkedveryhard．

Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate．

2.

在作表語用的形容詞后面作狀語。

Iamverygladtohearit.

Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer（主動表被動）．

3.too+adj/adv+todo作狀語Heistoooldtodothat．

4.enough+adj/adv+todo作狀語Theroomisbigenoughtoholdus．

1.目的狀語:inorderto或soastotodo

作狀語的其它幾種情況:5.so/such…astodo表結(jié)果Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak.Iamnotsuchafoolastobelieveyou.-ingform與pp作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)與過去分詞(短語)作狀語,

表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。

When

leaving

the

airport,

they

waved

againand

again

to

us.United,westand;divided,wefall.

(=When/Ifweareunited…)Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Climbing

to

the

top

of

the

tower,

we

saw

a

magnificent

view.(1)表示時間(2)表示原因

Being

sick,

I

stayed

at

home.She

caught

cold

sitting

on

the

grass.(3)表示條件Adopting

this

method,

we

will

raise

the

average

yield（產(chǎn)量）

by

40

percent.Wewillnotattackunlessattacked.Evenifinvited,Iwon’tgo.注意1：連詞+非謂語動詞只用他們的一般式既doing和done但也有asif+todo(4)表示讓步Admitting

what

she

has

said,

I

still

think

that

she

hasn't

tried

herbest.(5)表示結(jié)果It

rained

heavily,

causing

severe

flooding

in

that

country.It

rained

for

two

weeks

on

end,

completely

ruining

our

holiday.(6)表示方式或伴隨情況He

ran

up

to

her

breathing

heavily.Please

fill

in

the

form,

giving

your

name,addressSurroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldteacherwalkedintotheroom.With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和

獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(With)theboy_________theway,Ihavenodifficultyinfindingthevillage.(With)nobody___________toforhelp,hefelthopeless.(With)thework____________,theycanrelaxth