專(zhuān)題20 翻譯（講練）

專(zhuān)題20翻譯考情分析翻譯句子是考查考生對(duì)句型掌握的熟練程度。翻開(kāi)從近年來(lái)全國(guó)各省市的中考試卷，“翻譯”題出現(xiàn)的頻率極高。實(shí)際上，翻譯包含了對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法、句型、慣用法等各方面的考查。通常以漢譯英為主，有時(shí)也考查英譯漢。重點(diǎn)考查同學(xué)們的語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力。要求同學(xué)熟練掌握固定搭配、語(yǔ)法等知識(shí)，把握句型結(jié)構(gòu)，避免中式英語(yǔ)。方法問(wèn)題需要同學(xué)們掌握簡(jiǎn)單有效的解題策略和正確的解題步驟。翻譯填空以考查習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)為主，也有考查連詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、代詞等，在解題過(guò)程中，自然要涉及對(duì)語(yǔ)法的考查。比方說(shuō)要填寫(xiě)的是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不可能只讓考生填寫(xiě)動(dòng)詞不定式。這要求解題時(shí)，根據(jù)其在句子中的語(yǔ)法作用，將其變成適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)或語(yǔ)態(tài)，也有可能用分詞短語(yǔ)或不定式短語(yǔ)。知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖1.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子。（前面作專(zhuān)題講練）2.句子翻譯題。3.語(yǔ)篇翻譯題。真題演練（2023·山東濰坊）36.中國(guó)制造的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了歐洲市場(chǎng)。(electric,enter)（漢譯英）_______________________________________________________________________37.盡管電子產(chǎn)品被廣泛使用，人們?nèi)匀恍枰堎|(zhì)書(shū)。(eventhough)（漢譯英）__________________________________________________________________38.對(duì)中國(guó)人而言，茶不僅是飲料，還是一門(mén)藝術(shù)和一種文化。(notonly...butalso...)（漢譯英）_____________________________________________（2023·湖南永州）語(yǔ)篇翻譯（共8分,每小題2分）閱讀下面的短文，然后將劃線(xiàn)部分的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線(xiàn)上。BringingBooksAlicehasalwayslovedreading.“Growingup,Iwasreallyshy,soIalwaysturnedtobooks.”shesays.In2019,Alicewasinhighschoolwhenherdadhadaseriousillness.Booksbecameanevenbiggercomfort.Shestartedthinkingaboutfamiliesinsimilarsituations.1.WhenAlice’sdadgotbetter,shecameupwithaplantohelpothers.“Theideacamefromjustthegreatthankstothedoctorswhosavedherdad.”shesays.Alicestartedabookdriveinherhometown.Thegoalwastocollectbooksforkidsbeingtreatedforseriousillnessesinlocalhospitals.Herfatherwasnotsurprised.“2.她總是對(duì)書(shū)籍感興趣?！県esays.“Andshealwayswantedtodothingsfortheneighborhood.”ShecalledthebookdriveforLove&Buttercup.She’scollectedmorethan10,000books.Alicestartedbypostingonsocialmedia.3.她請(qǐng)求她家鄉(xiāng)的人捐書(shū)?！癐wasexpectingmaybetwoorthreerepliesfromneighbors.”shesays.“Butitendedupblowingup.”Newsstationsbeganreportingit.Alicecontinuestorunthebookdrive.Shegetshelpfromherparents.“Wedothedriving.”herdadsays.Shehopestoonedayspreadtheprojecttoreachmorekids.Thememoryofthefirsttimeshevisitedchildrenwhohadreceivedherbooksstickswithher.“Itwasthebestdayofmylife.”shesays.“4.IrealizedIwantedtodothiskindofworkforever.”51.____________________________________________________________________________52.____________________________________________________________________________53._____________________________________________________________________________54._____________________________________________________________________________核心考向探究考向探究常考的句型及結(jié)構(gòu)一、賓語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句三、定語(yǔ)從句四、感嘆句五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)六、祈使句七、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)常?？嫉木渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)1.Therebe…結(jié)構(gòu)2.Oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)3.Howdoyoulike…?“Howdoyoulike…?”（＝Whatdoyouthinkof…?）4.Ittakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.5.It’stimetodosth./It’stimeforsth.該干……了。6.It’s+adj+of/forsb.todo7.enough+adj/advtodo8.too...to...太……以至于不能……。9.so...that...如此……以至于……。10.not...until...直到……才……。11.neither...nor...既不……,也不……。12.eeither...or...要么……,要么……。13.nomatter...無(wú)論……。14.as...as和……一樣。15.assoonas一……就……。16.不定式疑問(wèn)式whtodo17.hadbetter最好。18.notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……”19.The＋比較級(jí)...,the＋比較級(jí)...20.It’s＋數(shù)詞＋量度單位＋long/wide/tall/high/deep…21.have＋名詞（代詞）＋過(guò)去分詞22.since自從。（完成時(shí)態(tài)）解題方法一、找找考點(diǎn)及固定搭配同學(xué)們?cè)谧龇g句子的時(shí)候，可不能隨心所欲?？吹揭粋€(gè)句子，首先就要弄清楚這道題要考我們什么，這里有哪些固定搭配。要知道每個(gè)句子通常都會(huì)包含幾個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)或者說(shuō)固定詞語(yǔ)搭配。大家在做其他題型的時(shí)候也可以嘗試這樣做，這有利于知識(shí)點(diǎn)的鞏固。舉幾個(gè)例子：二、審確定時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是我們初中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，也是中考英語(yǔ)考查的熱點(diǎn)。我們從卷面上看，不少同學(xué)常常因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤，而導(dǎo)致丟分。因此，大家一定要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，以便確保準(zhǔn)確翻譯。三、查檢查句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。就是需要大家掌握英語(yǔ)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，從基本的五種簡(jiǎn)單句開(kāi)始，這方面的知識(shí)在前期文章中有詳細(xì)講解，大家可以搜索查看。在漢譯英中的句型大致包括簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句三種類(lèi)型。對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單句，我們需要弄清主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等句子成分；對(duì)于并列句，需要把握好并列連詞的運(yùn)用；對(duì)于復(fù)合句，需要辨別狀語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句的不同用法?？傊忸}有方法，但是更重要的是我們要有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，在平時(shí)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，同學(xué)們要注意詞匯短語(yǔ)搭配的積累，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)漢譯英翻譯訓(xùn)練，在練習(xí)中鞏固詞匯。掌握方法，提升翻譯能力，為取得高分打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。命題預(yù)測(cè)（2023·山東濱州）英漢互譯1.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.______________________________________________________________。2.Aslongaswepulltogether,wearesuretobesuccessfulintheend._______________________________________________________________3.劉老師經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我們用英語(yǔ)交流。(encourage)_______________________________________________________________4.當(dāng)我們遇到困難時(shí)必須保持冷靜。(keepone’scool)_______________________________________________________________5.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，中國(guó)非常擅長(zhǎng)修建橋梁和鐵路。(begoodat)________________________________________________________________（2023·山東威海）Judy向她的朋友介紹威海圖書(shū)館，請(qǐng)根據(jù)情境完成句子。6.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你想找個(gè)安靜的地方學(xué)習(xí)。_________________________________________________________________________7.市中心有一家非?，F(xiàn)代的圖書(shū)館。________________________________________________________________________8.它每周二到周日對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放。___________________________________________________________________9.如今它已成為威海最受歡迎的地方之一。___________________________________________________________________10.昨天上午我到那兒的時(shí)候，很多人在看書(shū)。________________________________________________________________11.如果你有興趣，周末我可以陪你一起去。_______________________________________________________________（2023·遼寧盤(pán)錦）完成句子（局部翻譯每小題1分，整句翻譯每小題2分，共10分）12.老年人喜歡下象棋消遣。Theelderlyliketo_______________forfun.13.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候吉米正在修理自行車(chē)。Jimmy_______________thistimeyesterday.14上學(xué)期海倫參加了一些藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部的活動(dòng)。Helen_______________someactivitiesattheartclublastterm.15.玲玲在公共場(chǎng)合表現(xiàn)得特別好，為他人樹(shù)立了榜樣。Linglingbehavedsowell_______________thatshesetanexampleforothers.16.你聽(tīng)過(guò)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)嗎？______________________________________________________________________________17.我想知道今晚電影什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。______________________________________________________________________18.由于天氣不好，上周日聚會(huì)被推遲了。______________________________________________________________________________（2023·遼寧營(yíng)口）翻譯句子。A）根據(jù)所給中文完成句子翻譯。19.買(mǎi)褲子之前要先試穿。____________thetrousersbeforeyoubuythem.20.我們給您準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)房間。We_____aroom_____foryou.21.她親自去北京領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)了。ShewenttoBeijingtoreceivetheaward__________.22.如果你看到那個(gè)女孩，請(qǐng)把她指給我看。Ifyouseethatgirl,please________her________forme.23.這個(gè)蛋糕嘗起來(lái)不是很好吃。_____________________________________________24.我真是粗心，以致忘了重要的事情。_____________________________________________25.在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)，請(qǐng)按照我說(shuō)的去做。______________________________________________【點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】考點(diǎn)一、賓語(yǔ)從句1.我們計(jì)劃去上海，但是還沒(méi)有決定何時(shí)去。2.你知道在哪里買(mǎi)這種郵票嗎？3.打擾一下，請(qǐng)問(wèn)書(shū)店怎么走？4.妹妹問(wèn)我是否可以在回家的路上給她買(mǎi)些面包。5.這個(gè)講座告訴我們應(yīng)該如何循環(huán)利用垃圾。6.我想知道我們明天應(yīng)什么時(shí)候到白云機(jī)場(chǎng)?？键c(diǎn)二、狀語(yǔ)從句1.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，以便我們能夠與世界分享中國(guó)故事。2.如果你現(xiàn)在不出發(fā)，你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)末班車(chē)。3.你講得太快了，我聽(tīng)不懂，能再說(shuō)一次嗎？4.昨晚我直到爸媽回家才睡覺(jué).5.邁克一放學(xué)回家就開(kāi)始做飯。6.自從他去年參觀了北京大學(xué)后，他就決定要好好學(xué)習(xí)。7.因?yàn)樗蠈W(xué)常遲到，所以老師很生氣。8.如果明天下雨他們就不去長(zhǎng)城。9當(dāng)你離開(kāi)房間的時(shí)候別忘記關(guān)燈?？键c(diǎn)三、定語(yǔ)從句1.任何違法的人都應(yīng)受到處罰。2我喜歡魯迅寫(xiě)的書(shū)。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記幫助過(guò)我的人。4.站在老師旁邊的那個(gè)女孩是我妹妹。考點(diǎn)四、感嘆句1.天氣真好！我們?nèi)ド⒉桨眩?.他是一個(gè)多么好的人呀！3.看！他們跳舞跳得多開(kāi)心??！4.多么聰明的小男孩啊！5.這部電影真令人激動(dòng)?。】键c(diǎn)五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.為了進(jìn)一步美化校園，下個(gè)月會(huì)在學(xué)校種很多樹(shù)。2.在中國(guó)，到處都有人打羽毛球。3.下一周，格林先生將被邀請(qǐng)做一個(gè)有關(guān)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的講座。4.所有的信件都必須放在這個(gè)綠色紙箱內(nèi)。5.去年他們村附近建了一條新的公路。考點(diǎn)六、形容詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的句子1.我覺(jué)得英語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)文一樣重要。2.我姐姐做作業(yè)比我細(xì)心得多。3.他沒(méi)吉姆那么早來(lái)到學(xué)校。4.這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很美妙5.那個(gè)公園變得越來(lái)越美麗。6.你吃的越多就越胖。7.中山是中國(guó)最美麗的城市之一?？键c(diǎn)七notonly…..butalso不僅…..而且neither……nor既不…...也不either……or或者…..或者要么…..要么both……and既…….又1.在學(xué)校老師們不僅給我們傳播知識(shí)而且還教我們?nèi)绾巫鋈恕?.他和我還沒(méi)有看過(guò)這部電影。3.只有一張入場(chǎng)券，杰克和你當(dāng)中只能一個(gè)人去看時(shí)裝展?？键c(diǎn)八不定式疑問(wèn)式否定式如：wh+todotellsb.todotellsb.nottodoasksb.todoasksb.nottodo1.小明問(wèn)圣誕節(jié)將去哪兒？2.我想知道如何處理垃圾。3,老師提醒上課不要睡覺(jué)?？键c(diǎn)九Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itisadjforsbtodosthitisadjofsbtodosth注意用of的形容詞表示人的性格，品德。（clevergoodnicekindsillycarelesspolitegeneroussmartbrave)表事物屬性用for如：importantnecessary等it是形式主語(yǔ)后是不定時(shí)做真正主語(yǔ)。1,對(duì)一個(gè)13歲的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，獨(dú)自去外國(guó)旅游真的是很勇敢。2,對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，穿過(guò)繁忙的街道很危險(xiǎn)。3,保護(hù)環(huán)境對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。4,他們殺死野生動(dòng)物真殘忍?？键c(diǎn)十hadbetterdo/hadbetternotdo1,你最好不要把孩子單獨(dú)留在家里。Youhadbetternotleaveyourchildaloneathome.2. 你最好不要制造噪音。You‘dbetternotmakeanynoise.考點(diǎn)十一too….to太…..而不能so…..that如此…..以致enough…..to足夠……以致能1，Betty如此生氣，以致說(shuō)不出話(huà)來(lái)。2，我們學(xué)校的報(bào)告廳夠大，可容納500人。3.這個(gè)男孩足夠強(qiáng)壯，他能提起這么重的行李。4.我激動(dòng)得睡不著?？键c(diǎn)十二(1).sbspend.......onsth/(in)doingsth過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞：spentspent(2).sbpay........forsth/todosth.過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞：paidpaid(3).Ittakessb.......todosth過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞：tooktaken(4).sthcostsb........過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞：costcost1、從你家步行到學(xué)校需要花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？2.昨天我花2小時(shí)做作業(yè)。3.昨天夜里我花了半個(gè)小時(shí)才入睡。4.這臺(tái)車(chē)花了我10萬(wàn)元。訓(xùn)練1.我會(huì)幫忙把它打掃干凈。(cleanup) 2.它是用用過(guò)的木頭和玻璃做成的。(bemadeof) 3.我計(jì)劃每天多吃水果和蔬菜。 .4.多么令人興奮的消息呀！ 5.在消防員們的幫助下，那場(chǎng)大火最終被撲滅了。 6.當(dāng)你在公共汽車(chē)上時(shí)，請(qǐng)不要伸出你的頭。 7.為什么不參觀我們當(dāng)?shù)氐膭≡翰⑿蕾p京劇呢？8.對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)故事很重要。(Itis+adj.+...learnabout)9.地震發(fā)生時(shí)，孩子們正在花園里相互追逐。10.嘲笑別人是不禮貌的。11.他一直忍受腳傷帶來(lái)的巨大痛苦，但是他從沒(méi)放棄過(guò)。 12.那位世界聞名的作家在她九十多歲時(shí)安詳?shù)厝ナ懒恕? 13.我剛剛為我們學(xué)校的項(xiàng)目做了個(gè)宇宙飛船模型。（just）.14.在這個(gè)碗里放一些水果。15.他用木頭造了個(gè)模型船。16.你經(jīng)常熬夜打游戲。你的父母有點(diǎn)為你的健康擔(dān)心。當(dāng)你一個(gè)人住的時(shí)候，你理應(yīng)照顧好自己。(concerned,supposed)17.李老師真有耐心，把那道數(shù)學(xué)題給我們解釋了兩遍。 18.小李像小剛一樣開(kāi)朗嗎？ 19.她更喜歡能夠隨之起舞的音樂(lè)。（漢譯英） 20.孩子們需要在戶(hù)外活動(dòng)上花許多時(shí)間。(spend)21.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你最終會(huì)成為一名好學(xué)生。(endup) 22.長(zhǎng)時(shí)間玩手機(jī)會(huì)妨礙你的學(xué)習(xí)。(getinthewayof) 23.Willtheygotothezootomorrow?(翻譯句子，并說(shuō)明一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。)24.Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinallymadeit. 25.Itisthefastestandthesecondcheapest,butyoumayhavetowaitforhoursattheairportbecauseofbadweather.26.Shereallylikeshermathteacher，butatthesametimesheisafraidofhim.27.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考三模）ChatGPT(人工智能聊天機(jī)器人)hasbeenverypopularallovertheworldinthepastmonths.28.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考三模）SpeakingEnglishasmuchaspossibleisthekeytolearningEnglishwell.29.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考二模）Allofusshouldknowthattalentwithoutworkinghardisnothing.30.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考二模）Themostvaluablethingishealth,ratherthanmoney.31.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考二模）Tryandthenyoucanmakeupforthemistakesthatyouoncemade.32.（2023·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考二模）Ourcountry’sgreatachievementsarefromthehardworkofourPartyandourpeople.（2023·遼寧營(yíng)口）語(yǔ)篇翻譯閱讀下面短文，將短文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的句子翻譯成中文。Afterwork,yougobackhome,openanapp,placeyourorder,andwaitforyourfoodtobedelivered(送遞)toyourhome.(26)ThisshowshowmanyyoungpeopleeatinChinathesedays.Accordingtoalatestreport,421millionChinesepeopleuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?Forsure,itismainlyyoungpeople.ArecentreportbyMeituan,afooddeliveryservice,showedthat86.3%oftheservice’susersarebetween20and34yearsold.(27)Thesepeoplearethemaingroupthatisdrivingthedevelopmentofthefooddeliveryindustry.Smallfamiliesdependlargelyonfooddeliveryservices.(28)Chinesefamilieshavechangedinsizeoverthepasttenyears.In2002,only7.7%offamilieshaveonlyoneperson.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6%in2017.Two-personfamiliesrosefrom18.4%in2002to27.2%in2017.Forsmallfamilies,cookingalwaystakesalotoftimeandenergy,soorderingfoodonlinehasbecomemorepopular.26._____________________________________________________________27._____________________________________________________________28._____________________________________________________________(2024·株洲一模)閱讀下面的短文，按要求完成下面各個(gè)小題。TherearesometraditionalartsthatareconnectedwithanimalsinChina,likepapercutting,Chinesecarving,Chineseclayandsoon.Papercuttingintheshapeofanimalsisoneofthemostcommonexamples.Papercuttingisanamazingart.Peopleusescissorstocutpaperintodifferentshapesofanimals,flowers,cutebabiesandsoon.DuringtheSpringFestival,peopleputthemonwindows,doorsandwallsassymbolsofgoodluck.Thisartsoundseasybutitcanbedifficult.Forexample,someworksareaboutthetwelvezodiacsighs(十二生肖).2024istheYearofDragon,sopeopleliketocuttheredpaperintodragons.Whenweseethemasterscutpaper,itonlytakesthemafewminutestocompleteeverything,butforgreenhands,theyneedtopracticeforalongtime.4.剪紙有著悠久的歷史。Ithasbeenaroundforover1,500years.Butitdidn’tbecomepopularuntilthe6thcentury.Withthedevelopmentoftheart,itattractedmanypeople.Evenladiesinroyal(皇家的)familieswerealsojudgedbytheabilityinpapercutting.Inthe21stcentury,redpapercuttingwhichmeansgoodluckcanbeoftenseeninthenewyearorweddings.Allthesepiecesbyhandlookveryreal.Withoutdoubt,theyshowthewisdomofChinesepeople,andsomeproductsintheshapeofanimalsreflecttherelationsbetweenhumansandanimals.Butit’sapitythatfewerandfeweryoungpeopleshowinterestinit.5.Whentheyunderstandtherealspiritoftheart,theywillfinallyfallinlovewithit.59.請(qǐng)將短文中劃線(xiàn)的句子翻譯成英文。60.請(qǐng)將短文中劃線(xiàn)的句子翻譯成中文。(2024·株洲攸縣一模)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題或翻譯句子。Recently,HunanandHubeiprovincesinChinaexperiencedunusualandextreme(極端的)coldweather.Temperaturesdroppedbelow0℃,withheavysnowfallandicyconditions.Thisunexpectedweathercausedgreatchallengesforthepeoplelivingintheseareas.Schoolsandbusinesseshadtoclosebecauseofthebadweatherconditions.Manyroadswerecoveredinthicksnow.3.這使得人們旅行困難。Publictransportation(公共交通)wasalsoinfluenced,withdelays(延遲)andcancellations(取消).Poweroutageswerereportedinsomeareas,affectingthesupplyofelectricitytohomesandbusinesses.Inthefaceofthechallenges,thepeopleofHunanandHubeishowedperseverance(堅(jiān)定不移)andunity(團(tuán)結(jié)一心).4.Neighborshelpedeachothercleanupsnowontheroads.Socialmediaplatformswerefilledwithpostsofkindnessandsupport,aspeoplecametogethertohelpthoseinneed.Theexperienceletusknowtheimportanceofcommunityspiritandhelpingeachother.Itremindedusthatintimesofdifficulty,wecanovercomechallengesbyworkingtogetherandsupportingeachother.58.將劃線(xiàn)句子翻譯成英文。

59.將劃線(xiàn)句子翻譯成中文。(2024·湘潭市雨湖區(qū)一模)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。Beforeyougotoanothercountry,itisagreathelpifyouknowthelanguageandsomeofthecustomsofthecountry.WhenpeoplemeeteachotherforthefirsttimeinBritain,theysay“Hello!”or“Nicetomeetyou.”andshakehands.Usuallytheydonotshakehandswhentheyjustmeetorsaygoodbye.Buttheyshakehandsaftertheyhaven’tmetforalongtimeorwhentheywillbeawayfromeachotherforalongtime.LastyearagroupofGermanstudentswenttoEnglandforaholiday.TheirteachertoldthemthattheEnglishpeoplehardlyshakehands.SowhentheymettheirEnglishfriendsatthestation,theykepttheirhandsbehindtheirbacks.TheEnglishstudentshadlearnedthattheGermansshakehandsasoftenaspossible,sotheyputtheirhandsinfrontandgotreadytoshakehandswiththem.這個(gè)行為使得大家都笑了。39.把文中劃?rùn)M線(xiàn)的句子翻譯成中文40.把文中句子翻譯成英文(2024·邵陽(yáng)市新邵縣一模)MobilephoneshaveabadinfluenceonyoungChinesestudents’sleepandmemory,accordingtoarecentstudy.Thestudyisbasedon(以……為依據(jù))asurveyof2,298studentsaged6to18.Itfoundboysaremoredependent(依賴(lài)的),butgirlsaremorelikely(可能的)tousetheirmobilephonesbeforetheysleepthanboys.4.Themorestudentsusemobilephonesbeforetheysleep,thelongerittakesforthemtofallasleep.Sotheywillnotsleepwell,whichleadstoapoormemory.In2021,theMinistryofEducationstoppedallprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsfrombringingmobilephonestoschools.Iftheywanttobringmobilephonestoschools,theyneedtohandthemintotheirteachersduringschooltime.YuYi,fatherofaprimaryschoolstudentinChangsha,HunanProvince,shehasasmartwatchifsheneedstoreachus,”headded.5.年輕的學(xué)生很容易對(duì)手機(jī)產(chǎn)生依賴(lài),sotheintervention(干預(yù))fromparentsisnecessary.39.將短文中劃線(xiàn)的句子翻譯成中文。40.將短文中劃線(xiàn)的句子翻譯成英文。（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面的短文，將文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)。Howdoyougettoschool?71.Doyouwalktoschoolorrideabike?Doyougobybusorbytrain?72.對(duì)許多學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，去學(xué)校很容易。ButforthestudentsinonesmallvillageinChina,it’sdifficult.73.Thereisaverybigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.Thereisnobridgeandtheriverrunstooquicklyforboats.Sothesestudentsgoonaropewaytocrosstherivertoschool.One11-year-oldboy,Liangliang,crossestherivereveryschoolday.Butheisnotafraidbecausehelovesschool.“74.我喜歡和我同學(xué)一起玩。AndIlovemyteacher.Heislikeafathertome.”Manyofthestudentsandvillagersneverleavethevillage.Itistheirdreamtohaveabridge.75.I’msuretheirdreamcancometrue.48.49.50.51.52.（2023·湖南湘潭·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面的短文，將劃線(xiàn)部分譯成英文或中文。Goodafternoon,everyone.It’smyhonortobethefirstspeaker.I’mMichellefromthepros(正方).1.Weagreethatkidsshouldsharechoresathome.Andwehavethefollowingreasons.Tobeginwith,kidsneedtoknowitistheirdutytodochores.2.他們與父母生活在一起。Theyshouldknowthatiftheywanttohaveacleanandcomfortablehome,everyoneshoulddotheirpart.3.Forexample.kidscandothedishesorcleantherooms.Sharinghouseworkalsohelpsthemtounderstandtheideaoffairness.Then,doingchorestogetherhelpsbringthefamilycloser.Whenkidshelpmomfoldtheclothes,theycanhavelovelychatsaboutwhathashappenedduringtheday.4It’shelpfulforkidstorelax.Besides,justasthesayinggoes“Manyhandsmakeeasywork.”,thechoreswillbefinishedmoreeasilyifeveryonedoessomething.Lastly,doingchoreshelpsthekidstogrow.5.它教會(huì)孩子們照顧自己andhelpsdeveloptheirindependence.Sotheearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.Thankyou!53.54.55.56.57.（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，將短文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的句子翻譯成中文。Wespendaboutone-thirdofourlivesasleep.Sleepisimportanttous.Agoodsleepgivesusenergyandmakesusfeelhappier.Ifyouneedsomegoodsleep,youcantrythenewbusserviceinHongKong.HongKonghasopeneda“SleepingBusTour”.1.Thefive-hourrideisforpeoplewhocan’tsleepwellatnight.Passengerscangeteyemasks,earplugs(耳塞)andsoonforbettersleep.Whydobusesmakepeoplesleepy?Busesareaperfectenvironmentthatproduceswhitenoise.Busesgetcrowdedwithpeoplegoingtoandfromworkeveryday.Carbondioxide(二氧化碳)increaseswhentherearelotsofpeopleinasmallplace.Whenyouwereababy,youwererocked(搖晃)tosleep.Sittingonabusgivespeoplesimilarexperiences.Theirrockingmovementsmakepeoplewanttoclosetheireyes.2.Youmayfinditeasytofallasleepduringthelongbustrip.58.59.（2023·湖南邵陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，將文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)。Whatdoyouliketodoinyourfreetime?1.Differentpeoplehavedifferentanswers.Forthe3-graderChenYunxi,it’srockclimbing.ChenisfromShenzhen.Sheistallandthin,andhaslongblackhair.2.像許多其他女孩一樣，她最喜歡的顏色是粉色。Butherhobbyisverydifferent—it’srockclimbing.3.Shestartedrockclimbingwhenshewasonlyfouryearsold.Shelovesitsomuchthatshetrainsveryhard.LastNovember,8-year-oldChensuccessfullyfinishedthewildrockclimbingroute“CHINACLIMB”inYangshuo,Guangxi.ThatmakeshertheyoungestclimberinChinatofinishthe5.14Alevelclimbingroute.4.她有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想。ShewantstotakepartintheOlympics.Shethinksthatthehappiestthingintheworldisjusttofightforherdream.5.Shesaysshewilltrainhardtomakeherdreamcometrue.60.61.62.63.64.（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，將短文中劃線(xiàn)部分的句子翻譯成中文。Agoodmemoryhastodowithmanythings,suchasfocusandinterest.Youmighthaveafantasticmemoryforsportingnumbersbutnoheadformath.1.Thishappensbecauseyoulovesportsandhatemath.Learningneedsattention.Youneed8secondstounderstandapieceofinformationandkeepitinthememory,sotrytofocusononethingwhenyouwanttorememberit.2.Thebesttimeforlearningistheearlymorning.Thisisthetimewhenourbrainsarethemostactive.Wetakeinandworkoutinformationquicklyatthattime.65.66.（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，將短文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的句子譯成中文。Ifyouareananimal-lover,andyou’dliketoworkwithanimals,youcanchooseoneofthefollowingjobsasyoulike.First,workingasananimalbehaviour（行為）scientistisinteresting.Theworkistowatchanimalscarefullyandunderstandhowanimalsliveasagroup.1.Youcanlearnabouttheirproblemsandprotectthem.Second,youcanbeazoovet（獸醫(yī)）.Youmightworkwithbirds,fishorevenalion!Asazoovet,youknowtheanimalswellandseethemrightnowiftheyaresick.2.Sometimes,youtellstoriesaboutanimalstopeoplewhovisitthezoo.Third,ananimalnutritionist（營(yíng)養(yǎng)師）canmaketherightfoodfortheanimals.Therearemanyotherjobsworkingwithanimals.Justfindsomethingrightforyou.67.68.閱讀下面的短文，將劃線(xiàn)部分譯成英文或中文。I’mRonald.1.我是一個(gè)英國(guó)男孩。I’m13thisyear.Iliveinasmallhousewithmyfamily.Itisthebestfamilyintheworld.Ihavearoomofmyself.Ihavemanyfavoritethingsinit.2.Thisyear,Ihaveanewhelper.It’smybookcase.It’smybirthdaypresentfrommydad.3.Thebookcaseisbehindmybed.It’sgreenandyellow.It’sniceandithelpsmealot.IlikereadingandIhavemanybooks.NowIcanputmybooksinthebookcaseandkeepthemingoodorder.4.Thanksforthehelpofthebookcase,Icanfindthebooks.Mybookcasehasseveralshelves（隔板）,andit’salmostfull.5.語(yǔ)文書(shū)和英語(yǔ)書(shū)在第一層.Thestorybooksandhistorybooksareonthesecondshelf.Mypicturesareonthethirdshelf.Ireallylovemybookcase.6..7..8..9..10..DearCindy,How’syoursummervacationgoing?I’mhavingfuninChangsha,China.1.我現(xiàn)在在在一家餐館里。It’sbigandthereareabout20tablesinit.2.I’meatingabowlofmuttonnoodles.I’malsodrinkingsomeredtea.3.Thenoodlesaredelicious,buttheteadoesn’ttastegood.Thepeoplehereusechopsticks(筷子)tohavemeals(餐).Ican’tusethemandI’mlearninghowtousethem.4.Itmaytakemealongtimetofinishthemeal.ButIthinkit’sveryinteresting.5.我下周會(huì)回紐約。Seeyousoon.Yours,Sally1.2.3.4.5.閱讀下面的短文，然后將劃線(xiàn)部分的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)。Tomislikeanyotherteenager.Hegoestoschool,doeshishomework,meetshisfriendsandenjoysdoingsports.Butbetween5:30p.m.and6:30p.m.fromMondaytoFriday,Tomdoessomethingdifferent.11.他為全家人做飯：Mom,Dad,youngerbrotherJoeandoldersisterEmma.12.“Ithinkit’simportantforteenagerstolearntocookmeals.MathandEnglishareimportant,ofcourse,buttheyneedotherskillstohelpthemintoday’sworld.13.FirstItaughtTomhowtocookeasymeals.Thenhestartedusingrecipes（食譜）inmycookerybooks.Yesterdayhemadevegetablesoup.Itwasverygood!”saidTom’smom.“IlovecookingandIthinkI’mreallygoodatit.Noneofmyfriendscookmeals.Idon’tknowwhy.14.它不難,而且很有趣?！眘aidTom.Inthepast,Tomdidn’thelpoutathome.Hismomwasn’tveryhappywithhim.Now,thingsaredifferentandsheisveryhappy.11.12.13.14.:閱讀下面的短文，然后將劃線(xiàn)部分的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)。Chopstickshavebeenaroundforover3000years.15.在中國(guó)，人們每天使用筷子吃飯。It’ssaidthatourancestorslikedtohaveboiledfood,butitwasdifficulttospoonoutvegetablesandmeatfromthesoup,sotheyinventedchopsticks.Chopsticksmaybemadeofdifferentmaterials,suchasbamboo,wood,silverandsoon.Chopstickshavemanyotherfunctionsaswell.16.Inthepast,peopleusedsilverchopstickstoseewhetherthefoodwassafeornot.Nowadays,someskillfulmasterspaintbeautifulpicturesonthemtomakethemlooklikefineartworks(藝術(shù)品).Somepeopleareeveninterestedincollectingchopsticks.17.Therearemanythingsthatweneedtopayattentiontowhenweusechopsticks.It’simpolitetouseyourchopstickstohitanemptybowl.Youaren’tsupposedtostickyourchopsticksintoyourfood.What’smore,youshouldn’tpointatanyonewithyourchopsticks.18.用筷子吃飯既方便又安全。Nowmoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldusechopsticks.15.16.17.18.閱讀下面的短文，將短文中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的句子譯成中文。DoyouknowanyonebornintheYearoftheTiger?InChineseculture,tigersareconsideredthekingofallbeasts.28.TheyhaveanimportantculturalmeaningnotonlyinChina,butalsoacrossAsia.IntheWest,tigersarealsoseenasaverypowerfulanimal.InEnglish,ifyouwantsomeonetocalmdown,youcansaytothem,“easytiger”.29.Asayounganimallover,Ifeelsosadthattheyareendangerednow.Soit’severyone’sdutytoplayapartinprotectingthem.Tigers