大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試模擬試卷九十五（帶答案）

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試模擬試卷九十五

（總分：710.00,做題時(shí)間：130分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

basedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountofthe

picture,analyzeitscausesandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotosolvetheproblem.

Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：106.50）

正確答案：（［范文］

Inthedrawing,awomanandherchildclimbupastone-liontoposefora

pictureregardlessofasignsayingprotecthistoricsitesandclimbingisprohibited.

Thisdrawingvividlydepictstheimproperbehaviorofpeopleintravel.

Thiskindofphenomenonisnotuncommoninourdailylife.Whyso?There

aremainlytworeasonsforpeople'smisbehavior.Foronething,beingpoorly

educatedintermsofsocialbehaviorandmorality,somepeoplefailtorealizethat

somepracticesareimproperinpublicplaces.Foranother;someotherpeople,

thoughfullyawareoftheimproprietyoftheirbehavior,stillfeelnoworriestodoit

utterlyoutofegoism.

Twomeasures,Ithink,canbetakentosolvetheproblem.Ontheonhand,

moralcultivationshouldbecarriedoutinschoolsandthewholesocietysothat

peoplecanbeself-disciplined.Ontheotherhand,punishmentshouldbeenforced

onthosewhosebehaviorisannoyingorharmfultopublicmorality.）

解析：這是一篇圖畫作文，要求考生描述圖畫的內(nèi)容，分析現(xiàn)象和原因，

并就圖畫反映的現(xiàn)象提出應(yīng)充的措施。根據(jù)題目要求，文章的結(jié)構(gòu)可以安排如下:

第一段：描述圖畫內(nèi)容。

第二段：分析兩方面原因：

1.有的人缺乏素養(yǎng)，沒有意識(shí)到在公共場(chǎng)合有的行為是不當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

2.有的人以自我為中心，明知故犯。

第三段：針對(duì)原因，提出相應(yīng)措施。

［參考譯文］

在圖畫中，一位女士和她的孩子爬上了石獅拍照，完全不顧石獅下“保護(hù)

古跡，嚴(yán)禁攀爬”的標(biāo)語。這幅畫生動(dòng)地描繪了人們?cè)诼糜沃械牟晃拿餍袨椤?/p>

這種現(xiàn)象在我們的日常生活中并非不常見。為什么？導(dǎo)致人們的不文明行

為主要有兩方面的原因。其一，有些人缺乏社會(huì)行為與道德意識(shí)的素養(yǎng)較差，沒

有意識(shí)到有些行為在公共場(chǎng)合是不文明的。其次，有些人盡管充分意識(shí)到他們的

行為是不文明的，卻還是以巨我為中心，明知故犯。

我認(rèn)為要解決問題，有兩個(gè)可行措施。一方面，在學(xué)校和整個(gè)社會(huì)培養(yǎng)道

德教育，讓人們自律。另一方面，對(duì)擾亂或損害公共道德的行為要予以懲罰。

PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：8,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00）

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù):28.40）

A.Totellhimhehasgotthepostofamanager.

B.Tohaveaprivateconversationwithhim.

C.Toinformhimsomethingabouttheinterview.J

D.Tbdiscussthefutureofthecompanywithhim.

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Hi,I'mRebeccaHall.I'mcallingfromBaumatic.

M:Oh.Hi,Rebecca.

W:Youhavebeenputforwardasthecandidateforthepostyou'veappliedfor.

Ijustwanttotalkyouthroughtheprocedureoftheinterview.

M:Oh...great.

W:Someonewillmeetyouwhenyouarrive,payyoubackforyourtravel

expenses,andthenbringyouuptomeetmyselfandPhilipHart,theCEO.

M:OK.Soundsgood.Willyoubetheonlymemberoftheinterviewpanel?

W:Yes,it'llbejustmeandPhilipwhowilltalktoyou.Theinterviewwillbein

threepartsfirst,we'llaskyousomegeneralquestionsaboutyourselfandyour

educationalandprofessionalbackground,thenwe'llmoveontospecifics.

M:Specifics?Well,whatkindofquestionswillyouask?

W:It'llbeverysimilartothepersonalstatementyousubmittedwithyour

resume一we'llexpectyoutogiveactualexamplesofproblemsyou'vefacedand

solved,andofwhatyoufeelarethemajorsuccessesinyourcareersofar.

M:Thatsoundsgreat!

W:Thenthere'llbeachanceforyoutoaskusanyquestions-aboutthejob

itselforBaumaticingeneral.

M:OK.I'llthinkofsomething!

W:Afterthat,we'dlikeyoutogiveashortpresentation一onhowyousee

Baumaticasacompanyprogressing,andhowyouseeyourselftakingusthere.M:OK.

SowillIbeexpectedtogivesomethinglikeaformalstylepresentation?

W:Itcanbeasformalorinformalasyoulike.Andwe'llseeyouat10:00a.m.

nextMonday.Bestofluck!

M:Oh,thanks...I'llgetthereontime.

Whydoesthewomancalltheman?

①動(dòng)詞不定式選項(xiàng)，多間動(dòng)作的目的。②女士說：“你已經(jīng)入選為你所申請(qǐng)

職位的候選人，我想跟你談一談面試的程序”。故選C“通知男士面試的相關(guān)事

宜二

justwantt。具有很明顯的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，其后的不定式即為女士打電話的目的。

根據(jù)procedureoftheinterview即可判斷出答案，其他幾項(xiàng)只是利用錄音個(gè)別原

詞編造的干擾項(xiàng)。

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40）

A.Romanticlove.

B.Mysterymurder.J

C.Sciencefiction.

D.Oceanadventure.

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Goodmorning.I'mfromtheNewYorkBookReview.CouldIaskyousome

questionsaboutyourlatestbook?

M:Sure.Takeaseat...Whatwouldyouliketoknow?

W:First,I'veheardthatyourlatestbookisbasedonatruestory.

M:That'scorrect.It'samurdermysterybasedonactualmurdersinFlorida

severalyearsago.Themaincharacter一thepoliceinvestigator-isbasedontheman

whoinvestigatedthecase.

W:Howdoyouresearchyourbooks?

M:IalwaysvisittheplacesthatIuseassettingforstories.Readerslikethings

tobeasactuallycorrectaspossible—eveninfiction!Iusuallybasemycharacterson

peopleIhavemet.Mostcharactersareamixtureofthecharactersoftwoormore

people.

W:Ireallylikeyourbooks.I'vejustfinishedthisone.Ireaditfromcoverto

coverinasingleday.Congratulationsonmaltingthebestsellerlistyetagain!

M;Thankyou.Letmesignitforyou.

W:Oh!Thankyouverymuch.Iheardthatyouarecurrentlywritinga

collectionofshortstories.Whatarethestoriesabout?

M:There'sarealmixofstoriesinthebook.Ihaven'tfinishedallofthemyet,

though.Manyofthemareshortdetectivestories,buttherearealsohorrorstories

andsciencefictionones.Ifyougivemeyourbusinesscard,I'llmakesureyougetan

advancecopytoreview.

W:Thanksverymuch.I'msureitwillsellwell.Ican'twaittoreadit.Here'smy

card.Thankyouforyourtime.

Whatistheman'slatestbookabout?

問題詢問男士最近的那本書是關(guān)于什么的。男士說這部小說寫的是一個(gè)謀殺

之謎，它基于幾年前發(fā)生在佛羅里達(dá)州的真實(shí)謀殺案。故選B。

關(guān)于該書內(nèi)容的核心詞murder在對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)了兩次，抓住該關(guān)鍵詞，便

能迅速排出其他干擾項(xiàng)。

SectionB（總題數(shù)：7,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù):28.40）

A.Frommeat.

B.Frommilk.

C.Fromeggs.

D.Fromsunshine.J

解析：［聽力原文］

VitaminDhelpsbonesandmusclesgrowstrongandhealthy.

TheeasiestwaytogetvitaminDisfromsunlight.Theultravioletraysreact

withskincellstoproducethevitamin.Butmanypeopleworryaboutskincancerand

skindamagefromthesun.

Also,darkerskinnedpeopleproducelessvitaminDthanlighterskinned

people.Productionalsodecreasesinolderpeopleandthoselivinginnorthernareas

thatgetlesssunlight.

NotmanyfoodsnaturallycontainvitaminD.Foodswithhighlevelsinclude

oilyfishsuchassalmon,tunaandmackerel,andfishliveroils.BostonUniversity

researchersreportedlastyearthatfarmedsalmonhadalotlessvitaminDthanwild

salmon.

SmallamountsofDarefoundinbeefliver,cheeseandegg.Andsomepeople

takedietarysupplementscontainingthevitamin.ButmostoftheDintheAmerican

dietcomesfromfoodslikemilkwiththevitaminadded.

Thesedays,moredoctorsaretestingforvitaminDlevelsintheirpatients.But

asresearchcontinues,someexpertsworry,thatifpeopletaketoomuchD,itmight

actasapoison.Also,skindoctorswarnpeopletobecarefulwithsunexposure.

HowmuchvitaminDdoesahealthypersonneed?Nutritionexpertswho

advisetheAmericangovernmentsetthecurrentrecommendationsin1997.The

dailyamountistwohundredinternationalunitsfrombirththroughage50.Thenit

risestofourhundredinternationalunitsthroughageseventy,andsixhundredfor

thoseseventy-oneandolder.Butsomegroupssaytheseamountsarenothigh

enough.

Accordingtothespeaker,whatistheeasiestwaytogetVitaminD?

短文一開始就提到了theeasiestwaytogetvitaminD,即“從陽光中獲取維

生素D”。故選D。

本題符合短文聽力“語義強(qiáng)調(diào)處出題”的規(guī)律，theeasiest后的內(nèi)容需重

點(diǎn)留意。

.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：21.30）

A.Toexplainthefunctionsofthestation.

B.Tocommentonsomepopularsingers.

C.Toaddresstheissueofanewrecord.

D.Tointroducearadioprogramtolisteners.J

解析：［聽力原文］

Goodevening.YouarelisteningtoPopWorldofBCDInternational.I'mSusan

Welch.Today,wearegoingtohearseveralcurrenthitsoftheworld'smostpopular

artists.

Well,first,Iwouldliketosayafewwordstomydearlistenerswhoarenot

veryfamiliarwiththisprogram.

Sincemanypeoplewanttolistentoandunderstandpopsongs,radio

producersatBCDInternationalhavemadehundredsofprogramsovertheyears.We

notonlyhaveaccesstothestarsofthemusicworld,butwealsohaveavastlibrary

of"goldenoldie"classics,aswellasthe"latestreleases".

Forthoseofyouwholikeabitofbackgroundwithyourfavoritemusic—

there'sTheHistoryofPoporTheRoadtoMusic.

Thesetwoseriesbringyouthelanguageofpopmusicandinformationabout

theperiodsandtheartists.

Ifyouwanttohearfromtheartiststhemselves,there'sanewseriescalled

AbouttheBigHits,Thisisbasedoninterviewswithpopularsingersandsongwriters.

Theytalktousaboutthemeaningandideasbehindtheirsongs.

Ifyouwanttounderstandthewordstothebigmusichits,PopWordsisthe

programforyou.Afterall,it'shardenoughfornativeEnglishspeakerstounderstand

mostpopsongs——so,ifEnglishisn'tyourfirstlanguage,youshouldn'tbesurprisedif

thewordstomanysongsleaveyouinthedark.Itwastoaddressexactlythisproblem

thatBCDInternationalstartedbroadcastingPopWordsjustover23yearsago...

Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker'sremarks?

主持人在節(jié)目開始時(shí)給不太熟悉這個(gè)節(jié)目的聽眾介紹了一下節(jié)目的內(nèi)容，可

見主持人說話的目的就是D“向聽眾介紹電臺(tái)節(jié)目二

①選項(xiàng)均為不定式短語，可預(yù)測(cè)此題問目的，聽音時(shí)注意相關(guān)詞句。②A

“解釋電臺(tái)的功能”、B“評(píng)論歌手”和C”發(fā)布新唱片”均未提及，故不選。

SectionC（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù):42,60）

A.Hemustexploithistalent.

B.Hemustimprovehisperformance.

C.Hemustdefeathisnervousness.V

D.Hemustwintheaudience'sfavor.

解析：［聽力原文］

Ihavestagefright.I'vealwayshadstagefright,andnotjustalittlebit——it'sa

bigbit.Anditdidn'tevenmatteruntilIwas27.That'swhenIstartedwritingsongs,

andeventhenIonlyplayedthemformyself.Justknowingmyroommateswerein

thesamehousemademeuncomfortable.

Butafteracoupleofyears,justwritingsongswasn'tenough.Ihadallthese

storiesandideas,andIwantedtosharethemwithpeople,butphysiologically,I

couldn'tdoit.Ihadthisirrationalfear.ButthemoreIwrote,andthemoreI

practiced,themoreIwantedtoperform.IknewIhadtogetpastthisnervousness.

Andthat'swhenIhadinspiration.AndIrememberitreallywell,becauseI

don'thavealotofinspiration.AllIhadtodowaswriteasongthatexploitsmy

nervousness.ThatonlyseemsauthenticwhenIhavestagefright,andthemore

nervousIwas,thebetterthesongwouldbe.Easy.SoIstartedwritingasongabout

havingstagefright.First,admittingmyproblemoffright,thephysicalperformances,

howIwouldfeel,howthelistenermightfeel.Andthenaccountingforthingslikemy

shakyvoice,andIknewIwouldbesinginghigherthannormal,becauseIwas

nervous.Byhavingasongthatexplainedwhatwashappeningtome,whileitwas

happening,thatgavetheaudiencepermissiontothinkaboutit.Theydidn'thaveto

feelbadformebecauseIwasnervous,theycouldexperiencethatwithme,andwe

wereallonebighappy,nervous,uncomfortablefamily.

Bythinkingaboutmyaudience,byembracingandexploitingmyproblem,I

wasabletotakesomethingthatwasblockingmyprogress,andturnitinto

somethingthatwasessentialformysuccess.Andhavingthestagefrightsongletme

getpastthatbiggestissuefightinthebeginningofaperformance.AndthenIcould

moveonzandplaytherestofmysongswithjustalittlebitmoreease.And

eventually,overtime,Ididn'thavetoplaythestagefrightsongatall.Exceptfor

whenIwasreallynervous,likenow.

Whatdidthespeakerrealizewhenhewantedtosingonthestage?

說話人談到很想把自己寫的歌表演給大家看時(shí)，意識(shí)到必須先解決怯場(chǎng)的問

題，因此C“他必須戰(zhàn)勝他的緊張情緒”正確。

A“發(fā)展天賦”、B“提高演技”和D“贏得觀眾的支持”都不是說話人意

識(shí)到的制約自己發(fā)展的問題，因此均可排除。

.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

4.（分?jǐn)?shù)：56.80）

A.Therewillbemoreplasticsthanfishinoceans.J

B.Moreandmorefishwilldiefromstarvation.

C.Peopleusemoreandmoreplasticpackaging.

D.Theoceansoftheworldareover-fished.

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Therewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansby2050unless

morerecyclingtakesplace.ThatiswhatanewreportfromtheWorldEconomic

ForumandEllenMacArthurFoundationwarns.Ifthecurrenttrendcontinues,the

reportsaid,oceanswillcontainonetonofplasticforeverythreetonsoffishin10

years.By2050,plasticswillweighmorethanfishzandoceanshavetoholdmore

plasticthanfish,thereportsaid.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8milliontons

ofplasticsendupinoceansaroundtheworld.Thisisthesameasdumpingthe

contentsofonegarbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.

M:Notallplasticendsupintheoceanbecausesomeonethrowsaplastic

bottleintothewater.Plasticcontainersandothertrashthrownontostreetsand

sidewalksareoftensweptintooceans.Unlikeothertypesoftrashintheocean,the

plasticneverbio-degrades.Thatmeansitdoesnotbreakdown.

W:Thereisawaytoslowtheamountofplasticsgoingintotheoceans—

peoplecanrecyclemore.ThatisamajorrecommendationofthereportbytheWorld

EconomicForumandEllenMacArthurFoundation.Thereport'sauthorssaythat

currentlyonlyabout14percentofplasticsarerecycled.ItsaidresearchinEurope

showsasmuchas53percentofplasticcouldberecycledusingavailabletechnology.

M:Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackaging

products.Butthatisnotlikelytohappen,thereport'sauthorssay."Givenplastic

packaging'smanybenefits,boththelikelihoodanddesirabilityofadrasticreduction

inthevolumeofplasticpackagingusedinourdailylifeisclearlylow,"thereportsaid.

Buttheauthorsnotereducingtheuseofplasticsshouldbetried"whereitis

possible."

W:Fordecades,scientistswarnedthatplasticsarekillingfish.TheNatural

ResourcesDefenseCouncilsaidresearchshowsthatfisharedyingfromchokingafter

eatingplastics.Anothercauseofdeathisthatplasticscause"blockageofdigestive

systemandstarvation/'theenvironmentalgroupsaid.

Whatisthemainproblemmentionedinthereport?

錄音開頭提到2050年海洋里的塑料將比魚更多，接著說這是一份來自世界

經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇和艾倫，麥克阿瑟基金會(huì)的新報(bào)告所發(fā)出的警告，也就是說，“海洋中

的塑料將會(huì)比魚多”即為該報(bào)告所講的主要問題，故選A。

B”越來越多的魚將會(huì)死于饑餓”是問題的后果；C“人們使用越來越多的

塑料”是問題產(chǎn)生的原因，因此B、C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D”世界各地的海洋被過度捕撈”，

錄音未提到，故排除。

.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.（分?jǐn)?shù)：42.60）

A.Havinglesscontactwiththemselves.V

B.Havinglesscontactwithothers.

C.Workingmorehoursthanbefore.

□.Pushingthemselvestogonowhere.

解析：［聽力原文］

Isometimesthinkthatsomuchofourlifetakesplaceinsideourheads,in

memoryorimaginationorinterpretationorspeculation,thatifIreallywantto

changemylifeImightbestbeginbychangingmymind.

Whereverweare,anytimeofnightorday,ourbosses,junk-mailers,our

parentscangettous.SociologistshaveactuallyfoundthatinrecentyearsAmericans

areworkingfewerhoursthan50yearsago,butwefeelasifwe'reworkingmore.

Wehavemoreandmoretime-savingdevices,butsometimes,itseems,less

andlesstime.Wecanmoreandmoreeasilymakecontactwithpeopleonthe

furthestcornersoftheplanet,butsometimesinthatprocesswelosecontactwith

ourselves.

Andoneofmybiggestsurprisesasatravelerhasbeentofindthatoftenit's

exactlythepeoplewhohavemostenabledustogetanywherethatareintenton

goingnowhere.Thatis,thosebeingswhohavecreatedthetechnologiesthat

overridesomanyofthelimitsofold,aretheoneswisestabouttheneedforlimits,

evenwhenitcomestotechnology.

IoncewenttotheGoogleheadquartersandIsawallthethingsmanyofyou

haveheardabout:theindoortreehouses,thetrampolines,workersatthattime

enjoying20percentoftheirpaidtimefreesothattheycouldjustlettheir

imaginationsgowandering.OneGooglerwastellingmeaboutthebookthathewas

abouttowriteontheinnersearchengine,andthewaysinwhichsciencehasshown

thatsittingstill,ormeditation,canleadnotjusttobetterhealthortoclearer

thinking,buteventoemotionalintelligence.Theonethingperhapsthattechnology

hasn'talwaysgivenusisasenseofhowtomakethewisestuseoftechnology.

AndIthinkmanyofushavethesensationthatwe'restandingabouttwo

inchesawayfromahugescreen,andit'snoisyandit'scrowdedandit'schanging

witheverysecond,andthatscreenisourlives.Andit'sonlybysteppingback,and

thenfurtherback,andholdingstill,thatwecanbegintoseewhatthepictureinthe

screenmeansandtocatchthelargerpicture.Andafewpeopledothatforusby

goingnowhere.

So,inanageofacceleration,nothingcanbemoreexcitingthangoingslow.

Andinanageofdistraction,nothingissoluxuriousaspayingattention.Andinanage

ofconstantmovement,nothingissourgentassittingstill.

Whatistheeffectofmoderntechnologyonpeople?

說話人談到現(xiàn)代科技讓我們?cè)絹碓饺菀着c他人進(jìn)行交流，但是卻失去了與自

己的交流，A“與自己交流更少了”與之一致，因此本題選A。

說話人談到現(xiàn)代科技讓我們?cè)絹碓饺菀着c他人進(jìn)行交流，B與此相反，故

排除。錄音提到社會(huì)學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)人們的實(shí)際工作時(shí)間縮短了，C與此不符，故排除。

錄音說通常最積極讓我們到處去的人往往是哪都不想去的人，D“讓自己哪兒都

不去”利用該處信息設(shè)置干擾，與題目所問無關(guān)，故排除。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Researchonanimalintelligencealwaysmakesuswonderjusthowsmart

humansare.Considerthefruit-flyexperimentsdescribedbyCarlZimmerinthe

ScienceTimes.Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruit

fly1toliveshorterlives.Thissuggeststhatdimmerbulbsburnlonger,that

thereisa（n）2innotbeingtoobright.

Intelligence,itturnsout,isahigh-priced3.Ittakesmoreupkeep,

burnsmorefuelandisslowoffthestartinglinebecauseitdependsonlearning—

a（n）4process一insteadofinstinct.Plentyofotherspeciesareabletolearn,

andoneofthethingsthey'veapparentlylearnediswhentostop.

Isthereanadaptivevaluetolimitedintelligence?That'sthequestionbehind

thisnewresearch.Insteadofcastingawistfulglance5atallthespecieswe've

leftinthedustI.Q.-wise,itimplicitlyaskswhattherealcostsofourownintelligence

mightbe.Thisisonthe6ofeveryanimalwe'veevermet.

Researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesuswonderwhatexperiments

animalswould7onhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner;

forinstance,isrunningasmall-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.Webelievethatif

animalsranthelabs,theywouldtestusto8thelimitsofourpatience,our

faithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.Theywouldtrytodecidewhatintelligencein

humansisreallyfor,not9howmuchofitthereis.Aboveall,theywouldhope

tostudya10question:Arehumansactuallyawareoftheworldtheylivein?

Sofartheresultsareinconclusive.

A.mindE.advantage1.aptlyM.tended

B.fundamentalF.happenedJ.overcomeN.inclination

C.gradualG.spontaneousK.optionO.perform

D.determineH.backwardL.merely（分?jǐn)?shù)：35.50）

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1:（正確答案：M）

解析：主句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞，且可以與to搭配。詞庫中符

合要求的有determine、happened和tended。上一句引出果蠅實(shí)驗(yàn)，本句介紹實(shí)

驗(yàn)結(jié)論”通過訓(xùn)練變得更聰明的果蠅，其壽命比普通果蠅短”，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果

一般是客觀的、帶有規(guī)律性的，故用tended,tendto的意思是“傾向于；往往二

happento“碰巧”和determineto”決心做...”都不合句意。

［參考譯文］

對(duì)動(dòng)物智慧的研究總是讓我們對(duì)人類到底有多聰明感到好奇。不妨考慮一

下卡爾?齊默在《科學(xué)時(shí)代》雜志上描述的那些果蠅實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過訓(xùn)練變得更聰明

的果蠅，其壽命往往比普通的果蠅短。這正說明，昏喑的燈泡亮得更久，人不那

么聰明也是有好處的。

事實(shí)證明，想要聰明也是要付出很高代價(jià)的。它需要更好的保養(yǎng)、要燃燒

更多的熱量，而且起步慢，因?yàn)楂@得智慧要靠學(xué)習(xí)------個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過程，而

不是靠本能。很多其他的物種也能夠?qū)W習(xí)，并且它們明顯己經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)的本事之一就

是知道該什么時(shí)候停止學(xué)習(xí)。

少一些智慧是否能帶來適應(yīng)能力增加這一好處?這正是這項(xiàng)新研究想要解

決的問題。它不是用悲天憫人的眼光去看待那些在智力方面被人類遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)拋在后面

的物種，而是含蓄地提出了這么一個(gè)問題，即我們?yōu)榱藫碛兄腔鬯冻龅恼嬲?/p>

價(jià)是什么。這是我們遇到的每一個(gè)動(dòng)物都在思索的問題。

對(duì)動(dòng)物智慧的研究同樣使我們好奇：如果動(dòng)物有機(jī)會(huì)的話，它們會(huì)對(duì)人類

進(jìn)行什么樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)?例如，每一只有主人的貓都在進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)小型的有關(guān)操作性條

件反射的實(shí)驗(yàn)。我們相信，如果動(dòng)物負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的話，它們會(huì)測(cè)試我們的忍耐限

度、忠誠度以及對(duì)地點(diǎn)的記憶能力。它們會(huì)試圖確定人類的智舞真正是用來干什

么的，而不僅僅是人類有多少智慧。最重要的是，他們會(huì)希望研究一個(gè)基本的問

題：人類是否真正了解他們所生活的這個(gè)世界?對(duì)于這些問題，迄今尚無定論。

2.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：E）

解析：空格處應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞，來概括其后的notbeingtoobright,具有的

特性。注意此處的bright一語雙關(guān)，即可指燈泡不“明亮”，也可指人不那么“聰

明”。由果繩實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，暗的燈泡更耐用，不聰明的人更長壽，這可以看作是一

種“優(yōu)勢(shì)”，haveanadvantagein意為“在某方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)”，故用advantage。

3.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：K）

解析：這里缺少名詞，由high-priced修飾。根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容：它需要更好

的保養(yǎng)、要燃燒更多的熱量，而且起步慢……，詞庫中只有。ption“選擇”在意

思上符合。

4.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：__________________（正確答案：C）

解析「空格處為插入語，填入形容詞來說明learning是一個(gè)怎樣的過程。

由下文的insteadofinstinct可知，此處將學(xué)習(xí)過程與本能作對(duì)比：和“與生俱來”

的本能不同，學(xué)習(xí)是后天的。gradual"逐漸的”符合學(xué)習(xí)過程循序漸進(jìn)，的特點(diǎn)。

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：H）

解析：首先要理解空格所在句的意思。后綴-wise表示“在……方面”，LQ.

-wise是個(gè)生造詞，意為“在智力方面"。leave...inthedust指“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過"，we've

left表明人類智商已經(jīng)超越了那些物種，因此我們看它們的時(shí)候，就是“往回”

看了，故用backwardo

6.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：A）

解析：這里缺少名詞.從結(jié)構(gòu)來看該名詞應(yīng)與onthe一起構(gòu)成固定搭配。

onthemind的意思是“擔(dān)心，總是想著"，這句話表達(dá)的是“這是每一個(gè)我們所

遇到的動(dòng)物都在思索的問題二

7.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：0）

解析：空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞，作wonder后面的賓語從句中的謂語。從句子

結(jié)構(gòu)來看，whatexperiments其實(shí)是從句的賓語，還原語序之后為animalswould

whatexperimentsonhumanso詞庫中只有perform可以與experiments搭

配，意為“做實(shí)驗(yàn)”。

8.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：D）

解析：根據(jù)空格前的to和其后的賓語thelimits得知這里填入動(dòng)詞，表目

的。再根據(jù)下句出現(xiàn)的Theywouldtrytodecide,推測(cè)填入的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與decide意

思相近。determine“測(cè)定”符合句意。

9.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：L）

解析：這里不缺少謂語等主要成分，可以判斷此空應(yīng)填入副詞。詞庫中可

選擇的副詞有aptly和merely,前者意為“適當(dāng)?shù)亍?，后者意為“僅僅”。notmerely

是常用搭配，指“不僅僅……”，符合句意。

10.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：B）

解析：此處缺少修飾question的詞，可以是名詞、形容詞或分詞。Aboveall

在這里表明了該句有遞進(jìn)和強(qiáng)調(diào)的語氣，因此這里研究的question“問題”一定

是比較重要的，fundamental符合句意。gradual和spontaneous在意思上說不通。

SectionB（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00）

Depression

A.Inbed,youtossandturn,unabletogetagoodnight'ssleep.Youfeel

anxiousandworried.There'splentytodo,buttheworkpilesupbecauseyoufeel

listlessandtired.Youdon'tevenwanttodoanythingfun.Friendstellyouto"pull

yourselftogether/'butyoufeelhelplessandhopeless.Youhavedifficulty

concentratingandmakingdecisions.Whenyoulookinthemirror,youhateyourself.

Youaredefinitelyinoneoflife'svalleys—youaredepressed.Everyonegetstheblues

onceinawhile.Emotionallowsandhighsareanormalpartoflife.Thebluesbecome

depressionwhenyoufeelsosleepyandlistlessthatyoucan'tfunctionnormallyin

everydaylife.

B.Depressionoccursatallages,althoughmajordepressiveepisodespeak

betweentheagesof55and70inmenand20and45inwomen.Abouthaftofthose

whoexperienceanepisodeofmajordepressionwillhaveanotherwithintwoyears.

Forsomepeople,episodesofdepressionareseparatedbyseveralyears,whileothers

suffergroupsofepisodesoverashorttimespan.Betweenepisodes,suchindividuals

feelwell.

C.Majordepressivedisorderaffectsapproximately14.8millionAmerican

adults——or6.7percentoftheU.S.populationaged18yearsandolder——inagiven

year.Majordepressivedisorderismorecommoninwomenthaninmen.Although

treatmentcanhelpmorethan80percentofpeoplewithseveredepression,most

peoplewithdepressiondonotseektreatment.Depressioncanrangefromamild

panictoself-destructiveorsuicidalbehavior.It'simportanttounderstandthevarious

typesofdepressionsothatyoucanrecognizethem.

D.Reactivedepression.Thistypeofdepressionisareactiontostressful

events-divorce,deathofalovedone,achronicillness,apersonaltragedy,oreven

socialisolation,whichtheelderlyfrequentlyexperience.Thepersonisunableto

recovernormallyfromthefeelingsassociatedwiththeevent.Commonfeelings

includeself-pity,pessimism,andlossofinterestinlife.Itaffectspeopleofallages.

E.SeasonalAffectiveDisorder（SAD）.Ifyouliveinthenorthernlatitudesand

sufferdepressionduringthewintermonths,youmaysufferfromseasonalaffective

disordercausedbyalackofexposuretosunlight.Doctorsaren'tsureexactlywhat

physiologicalmechanismsareatworkinSAD,buttheyspeculatethatdepressed

feelingsandothersymptomsmaybeduetoanincreaseinthereleaseofthe

hormonemelatonin.SADsufferersfeellethargicandirritable.Theymayalsosuffer

fromchronicheadaches,increasedappetite,weightgain,andanincreasedneedfor

sleep.Forunknownreasons,SADistrulya"woman'sdepression/'inthatwomen

makeup70percentto80percentofthoseaffected.SinceabouthaftofallSAD

sufferershaverelativeswhoalsosufferfromSADorotheremotionalproblems,

researchersspeculatethattheproblemmaybeinherited.

F.Biochemicaldepression.Doctorsaren'tsurewhy.butsomepeople

developabiochemicallybaseddepressionsometimeduringmidlife.It'slikelythat

thistypeofdepressionisc