Unit 3 The world of science Developing ideas 課件-高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

DevelopingideasFRANKLIN’SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrue?

Developingideas

declarev.→declarationn.宣布；宣告

declarethat...宣布/宣告……declarefor/against聲明贊成/反對(duì)

experimentn.實(shí)驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)；嘗試；實(shí)踐vi.做試驗(yàn)；進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)；嘗試；試用ex出+peri通過(guò)；嘗試+ment表結(jié)果→不斷嘗試→實(shí)驗(yàn)

Developingideas

experimentn.實(shí)驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)指用科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)，以驗(yàn)證某物在一定條件下的反應(yīng)情況，或某一理論、結(jié)果等是否成立、屬實(shí)。Thestudentsaredoingachemicalexperiment.學(xué)生們正在做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。testn.試驗(yàn)，測(cè)試普通用詞，指對(duì)機(jī)器、產(chǎn)品等進(jìn)行測(cè)試，以驗(yàn)證其性質(zhì)、效能等。Ihopethatournewproductwillpassthetest.我希望我們的新產(chǎn)品能夠通過(guò)測(cè)試。trialn.試驗(yàn)指確定某事物是否有效或安全的試驗(yàn)過(guò)程。Thenewmethodisstillontrialnow.新辦法目前還在試行中。

Developingideas

attachvt.系，綁；貼→attachmentn.附屬物→attachedadj.附屬的，依戀的，愛慕的attach...to...把……附加在……上beattachedto...附屬于；依戀于；愛慕attachimportanceto...認(rèn)為……重要/有意義E.g.Ourgovernmentattachesmuchimportanceto

educationnow,whichenablessomanypeopletobewelleducated.我們的政府現(xiàn)在非常重視教育，這使很多人都能受到良好的教育。

Developingideas

flashn.閃光；閃光燈；徽章，肩章，臂章；v.閃光；(使)閃耀；(快速地)顯示；飛速運(yùn)動(dòng)；突然想到；（使）顯示；（通過(guò)無(wú)線電、計(jì)算機(jī)等）快速發(fā)送（信息）；突然顯露（強(qiáng)烈情感）flashback突然記起；猛然想起flashsth.around炫耀（某物）adj.龐大的；昂貴的；穿著奢華的

Developingideas

accountn.[C]描述，敘述；解釋，說(shuō)明；賬戶v.認(rèn)為；解釋giveanaccountof給予描述；進(jìn)行說(shuō)明takesth.intoaccount;consideration認(rèn)真考慮某事accountfor占，占據(jù)；是…的原因；對(duì)…做出解釋說(shuō)明onnoaccount決不(置于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)

Developingideas

proofn.證明，證據(jù)(指可以表明某事物真實(shí)性的信息、文件等。)Thereisnoproofthatthismanstoleyourpurse.沒有證據(jù)證明這個(gè)男人偷了你的錢包。evidencen.證明，證據(jù)(指表明某事物存在或真實(shí)的事實(shí)、跡象等，也指法庭上證明某人有罪或無(wú)罪的證據(jù)。)DowehaveevidenceoflifeonMars?我們有表明火星上存在生命的證據(jù)嗎？testimonyn.證據(jù)，證詞(指清楚表明某事物存在或?qū)賹?shí)的事實(shí)或情況，也指法庭上的證詞。)Theseachievementsareatestimonytoyourdiligence.這些成就是你勤奮努力的證明。witnessn.證人；證據(jù)(多指知道案件情況并在法庭上對(duì)其進(jìn)行陳述的人，也可指證據(jù)或證言。)Thedefensehastofindthekeywitness.辯方得找到關(guān)鍵證人。Whatdoweknowabouthim?BenjaminFranklin(1706–1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.IassumethatBenjaminFranklinisa...person.Inmyopinion,maybeheis...Matchthemainideaswiththeparagraphs.Paragraph1

A.Questioningacceptedideas.Paragraph2B.

Benefitsofthestoriesaboutexploringscience.Paragraph3 C.BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperiment.Paragraph4 D.FactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearchParagraph5E.Introductionofthethemeofthetext.Paragraph6F.Noteverythingabouttheexperimentistrue.Para1BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.ExperimentThekiteexperimentAimMaterialsProcedureConclusionTotestiflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity.Akite,astringandametalkey.First,Franklinflewakitewithastringandametalkeywasattachedtoit.Then,whenaflashoflightninghitthekite,electricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Finally,touchingthekey,Franklingotanelectricshock.Lightningwasaformofelectricity.WhathaveFranklin'sexperimenttaughtus?Morethanonegengrationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas引導(dǎo)出的成分不作為主語(yǔ)的一部分，謂語(yǔ)形式看前者，即就遠(yuǎn)原則。Languageappreciation1.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontribute...inventions.[句式分析]結(jié)構(gòu)“Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的人稱與數(shù)要與“with前面的部分”保持一致，“inordertodosth”意為“為了……”，引導(dǎo)“目的狀語(yǔ)”，“andtocontribute”構(gòu)成并列性目的狀語(yǔ)。[嘗試翻譯]富蘭克林和許多其他科學(xué)家一起啟發(fā)并教導(dǎo)我們，為了確認(rèn)真相并有助于后來(lái)的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與發(fā)明，科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)是很重要的。DidBenjaminFranklintouchthekey?Howdoyouknowit?AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.IfFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.WhywasNewton'sstorybeenmentioned?Someevenquestion

acceptedideasbecausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.Hegivesanotherexampletodemonstratetheargumentofthepassagethatthestoriesbehindinventionsmaynotbetrue.Languageappreciation2.MorethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.[句式分析]Morethanone+單數(shù)名詞，意為“不止一個(gè)……”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用“第三人稱單數(shù)形式”；句中“suggest”意為“表明”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)用“陳述語(yǔ)氣”，注意suggest表示“建議”引導(dǎo)從句的謂語(yǔ)用“虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+verb）”。名詞“proof”后接that-clause為“同位語(yǔ)從句”——同位語(yǔ)從句,指的是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的從句，屬于名詞性從句的范疇，同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)對(duì)其前面的抽象名詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，被解釋說(shuō)明的詞和同位語(yǔ)在邏輯上是主表關(guān)系。[嘗試翻譯]不止一種說(shuō)法表明，雖然牛頓肯定是受到了一個(gè)掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒有證據(jù)表明它擊中了他的頭部。Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.PeoplehavebeenmoreinspiredbyFranklin’sspiritofscientificexlporationthanbythefactsthemselves.Butinsciencefactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear-evenifitisagreatstory.

weneedtohavecriticalthinking.Para6□Franklin’sspiritofscientificexplorationisstillconsideredaninspiration.□PeopleareamazedatandinspiredbyFranklin’sexperiment.□ScientistsquestionwhatreallyhappenedinFranklin’sexperiment.213Numberthestatementstoshowhowpeople’sattitudestowardsFranklin’sexperimenthavechanged.IntroducethethemeofthepassageExplainthethemeindetail

TransitiontoanotherviewpointtofurtherexplainthethemeSumup1)DoyouthinkitmattersthatFranklin’sexperimentmightnotbetrue?Why?

No.Becausewhatreallymattersliesinhisbraverytodotheexperiment.2)Asastudent,whatshouldwedowhenwereadorhearsomethingnew?Thinks&ShareThinkandshareThinkandvoiceyouropinion.①Howdoyouunderstandthestatement“...weshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear?evenifitisagreatstory”?②Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhave?Ithinkthestatementisright.Froma

scientific

standpoint,peopleshouldstick

to

thefactsandthefactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch.Agoodstoryisfictionwhichisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.Asagreatscientist,heorsheshouldhavemorethanonegoodquality,suchasbeingsmart,honest,objective,persistent,curious,imaginative.BookThreeUnitThree詞匯答案

一、拓展詞匯l.press;pressure2.shoot;shot3.minor,minority4.capable;capably5.significant;significance6.injure;injury;injured7.accurate;accurately;accuracy8.origin;original;originate9.mental;mentally10.declaration;declare11.experiment;