口腔頜面部感染(-oral-and-maxillofacial-infection)

09口腔頜面部感染（09oralandmaxillofacialinfection）

Oralandmaxillofacialinfectionshavethefollowingcharacteristics:

1.oralcavity,nasalcavityandparanasalsinusareinterlinkedwiththeoutsideworldforalongtime.Thereareallkindsofbacteria.Theenvironmentofthesepartsisbeneficialtothepropagationofbacteria.Whenthebodyresistancedrops,itispronetoinfection.

2.odontogenicinfectionisauniqueinfectionoftheoralandmaxillofacialregion.Thegrowthofteethinthejaw,caries,pulpitisandperiodontaldiseaserateishigher,ifthediseasecontinuestodevelop,canbyperiapicalandperiodontaltissueinfectionspreadtothejawandjawweekcellulartissue.

3.thereislooseconnectivetissueinthefascialspaceoforalandmaxillofacialregion.Theinfectionresistanceofthesetissuesisweak,andtheinfectioncanspreadandspreadrapidlythroughthisway.

4.,thefacialbloodandlymphcirculationisabundant.Infectioncanfollowblood,causingsepticemiaorsepsis.Thefacialveinvalveisscarceorabsent,especiallytheinnercanthusveinandthepterygoidveinplexusaredirectlycommunicatedwiththeintracranialcavernoussinus,whichistheweaknessofthemaxillofacialvascularanatomy.Whentheseveinsarecrushed,itcanleadtoabloodflow.Thetriangleareaformedfromthenosetomouthonbothsidesofintraconnection,onceinfectionoccurs,thiswaycancauseseriouscomplicationsofcavernoussinusthrombophlebitis,meningitisandbrainabscess,referredtoasthe"dangerousareaofnoseandlip".Theinfectionisvialymphaticspread,resultinginthedrainageareaofthelymphnodeinflammation,especiallythedevelopmentofinfantslymphoreticularsystemisnotperfect,morepronetoglandinfection.

5.,facialsweatglands,hairfolliclesandsebaceousglandsarealsothelocationofbacteria,butalsoexposedtotheoutside,vulnerabletovariouscausesofinjury,bacteriacancauselocalinfectionthroughdamagedskin.

Oralandmaxillofacialinfectionbelongstopyogenicinfection,thepathogenicbacteriaStaphylococcusaureusandhemolyticstreptococcus,followedbyEscherichiacoli,Pseudomonasaeruginosaandoccasionalcorruptionnecrotizinginfectionscausedbyanaerobicbacteria,canalsoseethespecificinfections,suchastuberculosis,syphilisandActinomycestheinfection.Aninfectioncanbeasinglepathogen,butavarietyofbacteriaareinvolved.Infectionassociatedwithmaxillofacialcavitiesisamixedinfectioncausedbyaerobicbacteriaandanaerobicbacteria.

Thediagnosisofinfectionisnotdifficult.Itcanbediagnosedbymedicalhistory,symptoms,typicalsignsofinflammationandspecialexaminationmethods,suchaspuncture,ultrasoundandimagingexamination.Whenthenatureofinfectionisclear,smearsmear,cultureofbacteria,biopsyanddrugsensitivetestcanbecarriedout.

Thetreatmentoforalmaxillofacialinfectionsinotherpartsofthebodywiththesameinfection,shouldfosterandeliminatepathogens,withsupportivetherapyandantibioticstreatment,combinedwithlocaltreatment,promotetheabsorptionofinflammation.Whentheabscessisformed,itshouldbecutanddrained,andthelesion,thedeadboneorforeignbodyshouldberemovedsoastoachievesatisfactorytherapeuticeffect.

SectionsecondofthemandibularthirdmolarPericoronitis

Mandibularthirdmolarpericoronitis(pericoronitisofthethirdmolarofthemandible),alsoknownaschi(pericoronitisofthewisdompericoronitistooth),referstothethirdmolarimpactionornotcompletelyadorable,inflammationofthesofttissuearoundthecrown.Commoninthe18-25yearoldyouth,DepartmentofStomatologyisacommondiseaseandfrequentlyoccurringdisease.

[a]causeisbecausehumanbeingsintheevolutionaryprocess,mandibularbodygraduallyshortened,resultinginalackofthirdmolarsadorableenoughspaceandnotthenormalpositiondeviationisadorable,onlysomeadorableorcrownteeth,atoothiscompletelyambushinthebone,whichimpactedthirdmolars.Two,becauseoftheimpactionoreruptionofthethirdmolar,thecrownofthegumispartiallyorcompletelycovered,formingadeepblindbag,fooddebrisintotheblindbagisnoteasytoremove.Thetemperatureandhumidityinthepocketofthecoronalpocketarefavorableforthegrowthandreproductionofbacteria.Whenthesofttissueofthecrownisattackedbytheeruptionofthetooth,orbittenbytheteethduringchewing,itcancausethelocalblooddisorder,andthebacteriacaninvade.Whenthebodyresistanceisstrong,thelocalsymptomsarenotobvious,

Whenbecauseofworkfatigue,lackofsleep,menstrualperiod,afterchildbirthorsomeinjuriestothebodyresistancetodecline,butacutepericoronitis.Themostcommonclinicalverticalsofttissueimpactedmandibularthirdmolarpericoronitis.

[clinicalpresentation]earlystageofinflammationonlyshoweddiscomfortofposteriormolarregion,slightpain,andnosystemicsymptoms.Wheninflammationisaggravating,localspontaneousthrobbingpain,radiationtotheearandeararea.Inflammationandmasticationofmusclearelimitedtovaryingdegreesofmouthopening,chewingandswallowingpainincreased,poororalcleaningandbadbreath.Thegeneralmalaise,fever,chills,headache,lossofappetite,constipationandothersymptoms.Routinebloodtestshowedaslightincreaseinthetotalnumberofleukocytes.

Theoralexaminationrevealedthatthemandibularthirdmolarwasincompleteorimpacted,andthesofttissuearoundthecrownwasinflamed,ulcerated,andtender.Withaprobe,thecrowncanbereachedbelowtheswollengumflap,oftenwithpurulentdischargeandsometimesacoronalabscess.Severecasescanbeseenswellingofthelingual,palatalarchandpharyngealsidewall,swellingandtendernessofthelowersubmandibularlymphnodes.

[]complicationsinsubperiostealabscessformationofretromolararea,theinfectioncanspreadtoofspace,therearethefollowingways:diffusionofinfectiontothefront,alongtheexternalobliquevestibuleinthefirstmolarbuccalsulcusabscessformation,perforationandformationoffistula,easilymisdiagnosedasfirstmolarinfectionorperiodontaldisease;infectionbetweenmassetermuscletheleadingandtrailingedgeoutwarddiffusionformedinfrontofbuccinatorbuccalabscess,ulcerationformedafterprolongedunhealedfistulaincheek;infectiononmandibularlateralback,canformamasticatorspaceabscessorosteomyelitis;infectionbackalongthemandibularbranchinside,canformthepterygomandibularspaceandparapharyngealspaceorperitonsillarabscess;infectionofthejawbodyinnerdiffusion,canformthesubmandibularspaceabscessesandcellulitisoffloorofmouth.

[diagnosis]thecorrectdiagnosiscanbeobtainedaccordingtothemedicalhistory,theclinicalmanifestation,theoralexaminationandtheX-rayfilm.Attentionshouldbepaidtotheinfectionofthefirstmolar,thepainintheposteriormolarareaandtheabscessaroundthetonsils,andthelimitationofmouthopening.

[treatment]

Theacutestagewasmainlytreatedwithantiinflammation,analgesia,drainageandsymptomatictreatment.

Systemictreatment:shouldpayattentiontorest,intotheflowjuicediet,garglefrequently,anduseantibioticstocontrolinfection.

Localtreatment:3%hydrogenperoxideandsalinerespectivelyforflushingPericoronalblindbag,theninwetconditions,withaprobedippediniodinephenolor10%iodinemixtureburningblindbag,sprinklewithBingpengsanorpericoronitisfilm,alsohasanalgesic,anti-inflammatorytherapy,andimprovetheeffectofmouth.IftheformationofPericoronalabscess,abscessshouldbecutinstripsorplacedunderlocalanesthesia,iodoformgauzedrainage,infectionspreadtoneighboringgap,shouldalsomakecorrespondingclearanceincisionanddrainage.

Chronicphase:themainreasonshouldberemoved,andtheblindbagortoothextractioncanbeeliminated.

Aftertheacuteinflammationsubsided,theblindextractionorextractionofthegingivalflapwasperformedaccordingtothespecificsituationofthethirdmolar.Generalverticalimpactedteeth,andadorableaftermasticationonhisteeth,crowncovercanberemovedtohelpouttheadorablenormalgingivalflap.Theremovaloftheblindpocketshouldberemovediftheexcisionofthegingivalflapisperformedandtheblindtoothshouldberemoved.Ifyouhaveafistulaofthecheek,youcanhealityourself.Ifyoudonotheal,youshouldeitherscratchthefistulaorperformaresectionofthefistula.

Ifthedegreeofimprovementisslow,becauseofthemaxillarythirdmolarelongation,oftenchewingtostimulatethemandibularPericoronalsofttissue,soitcanbeinthelocalanesthesiamaxillarythirdmolarextraction,eliminatethestimulusfactors,itcanrapidlyimprovethedegreeofmouthopening.

Thirdcasesofmaxillofacialspaceinfection

Maxillofacialspaceinfection(fascialspaceinfectionofmaxillofacialalsoknownasregion)isageneraltermofcellulitis,suppurativeinflammationandmaxillofacialoropharyngealregioninthepotentialgap.Diffusestagespaceinfectionknownascellulitis,purulentabscesscalledlimited.

Undernormalcircumstances,betweenvariousorganizationssuchasmaxillofacial,subcutaneoustissue,muscle,salivarygland,jaw,filledwithvaryingamountsoflooseconnectivetissueorfat,includingbloodvessels,nervesandlymphtissue,salivaryductwalking.

Thisstructurehasabufferfromthephysicalmotiongeneratedwhenthetensionandpressure,theanatomicalstructureisapotentialgap,andthegapbetweentheadjacentconnectionwitheachother.Whentheinfectioninvadesthesepotentialspaces,itcancauseloosetissuetoliquefyandliquefy,andwheninflammatoryproductsarefilled,obviousgapsappear.

Therearemanyfacialspacesincludingmassetermuscle,mandible,mandible,parapharyngeal,sublingual,submental,buccal,infraorbital,canine,temporal,temporal,andinferiorspaces.

[]isthemostcommoncauseofodontogenicinfection,suchasmandibularthirdmolarpericoronitis,periapicalperiodontitis,osteomyelitisofthejaws;followedbyglandinfection,causedbytonsillitis,salivarygland,faciallymphadenitisspreadismorecommonininfantsandyoungchildren.Secondarytotrauma,facialfuruncleandcarbuncle,oralulcerandbloodborneinfectionsarerare.

Themainpathogensofinterstitialinfectionarehemolyticstreptococcus,followedbyStaphylococcusaureus,whichisoftenmixedbacterialinfection,andtheinfectioncausedbyanaerobicbacteriaisrare.

[clinicalpresentation]isoftenmanifestedasanacuteinflammatoryprocess.Thenatureoftheinfectioncanbepurulentnecrotizinginfectionorcorruption;locationcanbeshallowordeep,canbelimitedtoagap,butalsobytheorganizationdiffusionlessresistancetoothergap,formingmultiplespaceinfectionswhichhavedifferentclinicalmanifestations.Whatisthedifferencebetweenpyogenicinfectionandsepticnecrosis?Whatisthedifferencebetweenodontogenicinfectionandglandularinfection(list)?.

Thelocalmanifestationsofpurulentinfectionareredness,swelling,heat,pain,anddysfunction.Severeinflammatoryreactions,thebodyhashighfever,chills,dehydration,increasedwhitebloodcount,lossofappetite,malaiseandothersymptomsofpoisoning.Thelocalredandthermalsignofthenecroticandnecroticinfectionisbetterthanthepurulentinfection,butthelocalsofttissuehasextensiveedemaandevensubcutaneousemphysema.Systemicpoisoningsymptomsaremoreseriousthanpurulentinfection.Inashortperiodoftime,systemicfailurecanoccur.Thebodytemperatureandthetotalnumberofwhitebloodcellsaresometimeslowerthannormal,andevencoma,toxicshockandothersymptoms.Theclinicalsymptomsofodontogenicinfectionismoresevere,moresecondarytoalveolarabscessorosteomyelitis,earlypusformation;andglandinfectioninflammationisslow,earlyserousinflammation,purulentandthenenterthestage,calledglandcellulitis.Thesymptomsofadultsarerelativelymild,andinfantscansometimesbeextremelysevere.

Theinfectionoccurredinthesuperficiallayerofthegap,andthelocalsignswereveryobvious.Theinflammationandpurulentlocalizationwerepalpable.Inthedeepspaceinfection,becausethemusclesaroundthejawsandthefloorofthemoutharetight,thelocalsignsarenotobvious.Eveniftheabscessisformed,itisdifficulttogetthewavemotion,buttherearelocaldepressionsandtendernesspoints.

[]thediagnosisbasedonhistory,clinicalsymptomsandsigns,combinedwithlocalanatomyknowledge,whitebloodcellcountandthecount,withtheaspirationmethod,correctdiagnosiscanbemade.Generalpurulentinfection,theextractedpusisyellow,thickpusorpeachpus,andcorruption,necroticinfection,pusthin,darkgray,oftenrotten,necroticodor.

[treatmentprinciple]accordingtothecauseofinfectionisdifferent,indifferentperiodsofinflammation,payattentiontosystemictreatmentandlocaltreatmentcombination,cangetgoodeffect.

1.systemictreatment,generalsupporttherapyandantibiotictreatment,penicillinandstreptomycinareusuallycombinedtreatment.Macrolides,cephalosporinsandquinolonesisthedrugofchoice,seriousillnessrequirestheuseofintravenousinfusion,medicationdoseshouldbelargeenough,morecontrol,serousinflammationduringdissipation.Atpresent,duetoincreasedresistancetopenicillinstrain,soafter1-2dayslater,theconditiondidnotimproveantibioticsshouldbereplacedinatimelymanner,oraccordingtotheresultsofbacterialcultureanddrugsensitivetesttoantibiotics.Anaerobicbacteriainfectiononthemerger,suchascorruptionandnecrotizingcellulitis,plusmetronidazoledrugs,byintravenousinfusion,improved,changedtooral.

Thisdrugisnotcompatiblewithotherantibiotics,anddoesnotcausedoubleinfectionandbacterialfloradisorder.TraditionalChinesemedicinecanbeusedforclearingawayheatandtoxicsubstances.

The2.partofthetreatmentofinflammationintheearlystagecanbetopicalmedication,acupuncture,sealingandphysicaltherapy,anti-inflammatory,swelling,detoxification,analgesiceffect.ThecommonlyusedexternalapplicationwithJinhuangsan,DanLiuhe,Fuyuaffectedareaofskinsurface,cancauseinflammationdissipatingorlimitation.

Ifinflammationislimited,abscessshouldbeopenedanddrainageshouldbecarriedoutintime.Itspurposeis:thepus,necrosisandinfectionquicklydischarged,toreducetheabsorptionoftoxin,relieveswellingpainandrelievethetensionontherespiratoryandpharyngealcavitypressure,avoidchokingcanpreventthespreadoftheinfectiontotheadjacentgap,topreventthespreadofintracranial,mediastinal,blood,avoidseriouscomplicationsandpreventoccurrenceofosteomyelitis

Incisionanddrainageofevidence:odontogenicinfectiononsetisusually3--4days,5--7daysglandinfection,afterantibiotictreatment,stillhighfever,whitebloodcellcountandneutrophilssignificantlyincreasedlocalswelling,pain,tendernessandjumpsignificantlydepressedlocalwaterswelling,wavemotionorpuncturepusoutwhothecorruptionnecrotizinginfection,earlyincisionanddrainageoftheabscesshasbeenwidelywornout,butpoordrainage.

Note:theincisionanddrainagedrainageunobstructed,establishlowincisiondesign:subtleandbeautiful,donotdamagetheimportantoperationquicklyandaccuratelyaccordingtothelocationandsizeofthesoftshades,thedressing,washingdrainagedesign

Aftertheacuteinflammationsubsided,theinfectedteethshouldberemovedintimesoastoavoidtherecurrenceofinfection.Ifthereisafistulaoflong-termhealingshouldbeconsideredasthefistulaordeadbonecurettage.

I.infectionoftheinfraorbitalspace

Theinfectionmostlycomesfromtheinfectionofthemaxillaryanteriorteethandthefirstpremolars

Themostobviousclinicalmanifestationwastheswellingandheatpainintheinfraorbitalregion.Theedemaoftheupperandlowereyelidscausedthedifficultyofeyeopeningandthenasolabialfoldbecameshallow

Afterabscessformation,fromthemaxillaryanteriorteethoranteriormolarvestibularsulcusmucosa,transverseincisionoftheperiosteum,straighttothebonesurface

Two.Infectionofmasseterspace

Locatedbetweenthemassetermuscleandmandibularlateralboneplate,theperimeterofupperandlower,beforeandafter,insideandoutsiderespectivelytheloweredgeofthezygomaticarch,lowermarginofmandible,themasseterandanteriorborderoframus,mandibularramus,mandibularlateralboneplate,andparotidmassetermuscle.

TheinfectionfromthemandibularthirdmolarPericoronitis

Incisionanddrainage:theincisionis1.5-2.0cmbelowtheloweredgeofthemandibularangle,andthearcis5cmlong

Three.Infectionofthetemporomandibularjoint

Four、submandibularspaceinfection

Five,cellulitisoffloorofmouth

Itisadiffuseinterstitialinfectionofthefloor,including5spaceinfections,includingbilateral,submandibular,bilateral,sublingual,andsubmentalspaces,otherwisereferredtoasmultiplespaceinfections

Itcanbepurulent,corrupt,necrotic,orcoagulativeandnecrotic.Thelatterisrare,butsevere.Thediseaseischaracterizedbydisseminatedinfectionandstrongvirulenceofbacteria.Theperimeterincludes5infectionsatthebottomofthemouth.

Thesourceofinfectionispurulentorgangrenousperiapicalinflammationofthelowerjaworwisdomtoothcrown

Inflammationspread;softtissuetraumacomplicatedbyinfectionoffloorfloorinfection;submandibularlymphnode

Inflammationandtonsillitiscausedbydiffusion.

Clinicalfeatures:(1)patientswithpurulentinfection

Highfever,chills,andhighercellcountsarepresentthroughoutthebody.Localinitial

Fromonesideofthejaworsublingualspacebeganswelling,andgraduallyspreadthroughoutthemouth

Thetongueisswollen,raisedandrestricted.Theskintissueishardearlyandgraduallybecomeslight

Brightandvolatile.(2)patientswithcorruptionandnecroticinfection.Systemicpoisoningserious,

Thebodytemperaturemaynotbehigh,andthewhitebloodcellcountmaynotbehigh.Buttheneutralcellsareinthemiddle

Toxicgranulesandvacuoles.Sometimes,immaturecellsarepresent.Thepatientisapatheticandfast

Weak,shortnessofbreath,decreasedbloodpressure.Inastateofintoxicationshock.Extensiveswellingofthefloorofthemouth

Theskinisshinyandhardasaplank;thebottomofthetongueandtongueareraised,andsometimestheepiglottisiscompressed

Causeasphyxia.

Preventionandtreatmentofasphyxiaandtoxicshockshouldbedonefirst.necessary

Tracheotomymaybeconsidered.Alargenumberofintravenousantibioticsandsupportivetreatment

Method.Localearlyincisionanddrainagecanrelievetensionanddrainmpusandnecrotictissue,

Avoidthebodyabsorptionoftoxins,aggravatingthedevelopmentofthedisease.

IncisionanddrainagecanbeperformedontheexternalChin

Makea"upper"incisioninthelowerarea.

Fourthsectionosteomyelitisofjaw

Osteomyelitisofthe(jaws)referstovariouspathogenicfactorsinvadingthejaw,causingtheentirebonetissue,includingperiosteum,bonecortex,bonemarrowanditsbloodvessels,nervesinflammation.

Thedifferencebetweenthejawandbodyotherbonesofthejawisatooth,suppurativeinflammationcausedbydentaljawandChangBo,andthehighestrateintheincidenceofosteomyelitisofjawbonesystem.Withthedevelopmentoforalhealthcareinourcountryinrecentyears,theincidenceofpyogenicosteomyelitisofthejawswassignificantlydecreased,butafterradiotherapyfororalcancerornasopharyngealcarcinomaaftercommonoccurrenceofosteonecrosisofthejawosteomyelitis.

3.1pyogenicosteomyelitisofthejaws

Theetiologyof3.1.1byalveolarabscess,periodontitisandpericoronitisofwisdomtoothsourcebalanceetc.

Secondaryinfectionfollowedbyopenfracturessuchascomminutedfracturesorfirearminjuries

Infectionresultingfromboneinfection;recurrentinfectionbysepticemiaorsepsis;occursfrequently

Intheupperjawofinfantsandyoungchildren;veryfewaredirectlyinfectedbytheskinororalmucosa

Affectedjaw.ThemainpathogenswereStaphylococcusaureus,followedbyStreptococcus

Bacteria,asmallnumberofotherpurulentbacteria,arecommonformixedinfection.

3.1.2clinicalfeaturesaccordingtotheclinicalfeaturesofpyogenicosteomyelitisofjaws

Pathologicalfeatures:thebonemassoriginatingfromthecentralboneofthejawandthebonemarrow

Centralosteomyelitis;thelesionoriginatesfromtheperiosteumanddensebonesurroundingthejaw,

Marginalosteomyelitis.

Centralosteomyelitisofthejaws:mostlyinacutesuppurativeperiapicalperiodontitisandperiapical

Abscessoccurredonthebasisof.Inflammationdevelopsfirstinthebonemarrowcavity,andtheninthejaw

Thecenterspreadsoutwardandtheninvolvesthebonymassandperiosteum.Itisnolongercommon.

Marginalosteomyelitis:mostcommonlyseeninyoungpeople,inthemandibularramus,andinthewisdomteeth

Ofspacecausedbyinfectionandpericoronitis.Acutephaseisnoteasilydetected

Itisconcealedbytheinfectionofthesubmandibularspace,soitisusuallyachronicstage.Pro

Thebedcanappearinfiltratinginflammatorymassinthemandibularangleorparotidglandregion.Tenderness,

Sunkenedemaandlimitedmouthopening.Theabscessiseitherdressedorcutopenbyitself

Alongtermfistulacanbeseeninthisarea.Inflammationdevelopsintothebonemarrowcavity.Infectioncanbefoundinthebonemarrowcavity

Bonemarrowdiffusioniscentralosteomyelitiswithmassivedeadboneformation.

3.1.3diagnosiswasbasedonmedicalhistory,clinicalsymptoms,localexaminationandX-rayfilm

Forcomprehensiveanalysis.Firstofall,youshouldcheckwhetherornotthereiswisdomteetharoundthemouth

Inflammationandotherlesionsoftheteeth;localhistoryoftrauma;whetherthereisnohistoryofinfectiousdiseasesofthebody;

Otherpartsofthebodyandvisceralorganshavepurulentlesionstodetermineinfection

Isitodontogenic,traumaticorhematogenous?.

3.1.4differentialdiagnosisofcentralosteomyelitisshouldbenotedinassociationwithcentraltypeofjawcancer

Identificationofdestructivemarginalosteomyelitisrequiresdifferentiationfromossifyingfibroma.

3.1.5istreatedwithantibiotics,localincisionanddrainageintheacutestage,or

Removelooseteethmainly.Diffusetypeofpatientswithfailure,systemicpoisoning,severe,poor

Bloodexceptforgeneralsupporttherapy.Asmallamountofbloodtransfusionshouldbeaddedtostrengthenthebody

Resistance.Thechronicstageshouldbemainlybasedonthecurettageofthedeadboneandtheremovalofthelesionteeth.

3.2radioactiveosteomyelitisofjaws

Radiationinducednecrosisofthejawsorosteomyelitisofthejawsbecomeacommoncomplicationofradiationtherapy.Isthedaybefore

Thereisnosatisfactorytreatment.Theindicationofradiotherapyandthedoseofradiationshouldbestrictlycontrolled,

Improvedirradiationmethodscanreducethisoccurrence.

3.2.1causesradiationnecrosisinbonemarrowfortworeasons

Itisradiationthatcausestheinflammationoftheinternalmaxillaryartery,andthentheMtubeisswollen,

Thrombosisofthebonemarrowandperiosteumleadstolocalmalnutritionandtheotherisradiation

Corddirectdamagetobonecells.Becausethebonetissueregenerationcapacityislow

Itiseasytocauseasepticnecrosis,especiallythedamageandinfectioncanleadtoit.

Pureradioactiveosteonecrosisdoesnotalwayshaveclinicalsymptoms.Butbecauseoftheradiation

Theregenerativeabilityofsurroundingsofttissueispooraftershooting.Kabokuandminortraumafactorssuchas

Odontogenicinfection,toothextraction,traumaandsoon,causetheulcerandnecrosisofsofttissue

Exposureofthejawbonesurface,secondaryinfection,radiationosteomyelitis.Radioactivebone

Theincidenceofmyeloidinflammationisassociatedwithindividualtolerance,radiationpatterns,andlocalprotection,especiallywhentaken

Thereisacertainrelationshipbetweenthedosageandthecourseoftreatment.Generallyspeaking,thejawistolerant

Theirradiationdosewas60-80Gyradiationtreatmentwithin6-8weeks.

Theclinicalmanifestationof3.2.2islongeranddevelopsslowly.Sixmonthsafterradiotherapy

Afewyears,becausethepatientncavityinsidetoothinfectionortoothextractionwaitfortrauma,causeinjury

Anddonothealforalongtime.Butthefistula,withafewlesssmellypus.Sometimesaccompaniedbyjaw

Weekcellulitis.Jawsmayhavemassivedeadbones,buttheseparationtimeislonger.

Thelesionwassoftwiththesofttissue.Scarformation.Thepatientwasdebilitatedandemaciated,

Anemia.Chronicconsumptivedisease.

3.2.3diagnosisisbasedonahistoryofradiation,clinicalandX-rayfindings

Diagnosis。

Thedifferentialdiagnosisof3.2.4shouldbedifferentiatedfromtherecurrenceofmalignanttumorofjaw.

Preventionandtreatmentof3.2.5shouldbebasedonpreventionandmasterindicationwhenradiotherapy,

Doseandprotection.Thelesionswereremovedandthemetalfillingwasremovedbeforenradiation

.Eliminateinfectionsources;avoidtoothextractionandotherinjurieswithin3yearsafterradiotherapy.Happen

Afterosteomyelitis.Conservativetreatmentisgenerallypreferred.Theuseofsystemicantibioticsandsupporttherapy

Localdrainageisunobstructed.Whentheboneiscompletelyremoved,itcanbesurgicallyremoved.order

Hyperbaricoxygentherapy+surgicaltreatmentwasadvocated.

Thesixthsectionoffacialfuruncleandcarbuncle

Facialskinisrichinhairfolliclesandsebaceousglands,theareaexposedtotheskin,susceptibletomechanicalstimulationandbacterialinvasionandinfection.Asinglehairfollicleandsebaceousglandshallowtissueofacutesuppurativeinflammation,calledfuruncle.Infectioniscausedbypurulentinflammationofthedeepertissuesinmultiplehairfolliclesandsebaceousglands,calledcarbuncle.

[cause]ofteninfectedwithStaphylococcusaureus.Whenthebodyisweak,malnutritionorsystemicfactorssuchasThenewsupersedestheold.disorder,diabetes,andlocalskinresistancedrops,poorsani