2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Module4GreatScientists單元小測課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析外研版必修4

Module4GreatScientists課時(shí)作業(yè)16單元小測Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Noonecanreplace(取代)theroleheplaysinthecompany.2．Hewaseducated(教化)inalocalprimaryschool.3．Thewinetheymadeisofhighquality(質(zhì)量)．4．Heisabrilliant(才華橫溢的)scientist.5．Hermotherwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancer.6．Weneedalargequantity(數(shù)量)ofmoneytobuildahouse.7．Theirproductswereexported(出口)toothercountriesinquantity.8．Mybrothergraduated(畢業(yè))fromafamousuniversityandnowworksasanengineer.9．Hernameescaped(逃跑)me.10．Imadeabrief(簡潔的)introductionofourproducts.Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或在空格處填入語法形式正確的詞1．Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.解析：句意：她誕生后不久父母雙亡，是由姑姑撫養(yǎng)大的。bringup“培育；哺育”。2．Ifonecannothearaswellasotherpeople,hewillknowasaresultofthistestwhathishearingabilityis.解析：句意：假如一個(gè)人的聽覺不如他人，經(jīng)過這個(gè)測試，他就能了解自己的聽力如何。asaresultof“由于……的結(jié)果”。3．Ifyoulookatthebeginningofthebook,you'llfindabrief(briefly)introductionbytheauthor.解析：句意：假如你看一下本書的開頭，就會找到作者寫的簡介。brief“簡短的；簡潔的”。4．HegraduatedwithaMaster'sdegreefromtheUniversityofArizona.解析：句意：他畢業(yè)于亞利桑那高校，獲得了碩士學(xué)位。graduatewith“以……而畢業(yè)”；graduatefrom“畢業(yè)于……學(xué)?！?。5．Theprisonertriedtoescapefromtheprisonbutfailed.解析：句意：犯人企圖越獄，但失敗了。escapefrom“從……逃脫”。6．MypenfriendandIkeepintouchbysendinge-mails.解析：句意：我的筆友和我通過互發(fā)郵件保持聯(lián)系?！癰y＋動名詞”表示方法或方式，意為“通過……方式”。7．SinceObamacametopower,_theeconomyofAmericahaspickedup.解析：cometopower上臺，掌權(quán)，執(zhí)政。句意：自從奧巴馬執(zhí)政以來，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)已好轉(zhuǎn)。8．MrGreencanbringinfivethousanddollarsamonth.解析：bringin掙得，賺進(jìn)。句意：格林先生每月能掙五千美元。9．Ican'tfigureoutwhyhegaveuphiswell-paidjob.解析：figureout弄清晰。句意：我不明白為什么他放棄了高薪工作。10．Thekeytogetting(get)alongwellwithothersistobekindtothem.解析：thekeytodoingsth.……的關(guān)鍵，為固定用法。Ⅲ.完形填空AsIheldmyfather'shandsonenight,Icouldn'thelpbutnoticetheircalluses(老繭)androughness.Hishandstellthestoryofhislifeasa__1__，includingallhisstruggles.Onesummer,Iremember,adrought(旱災(zāi))hitOntario，turningitintoa__2__desert.OnoneofthosehotmorningsIwaspickingsweetcornwithmydadtofillthelast__3__fromthegrocerystore.Fiftydozenwasallweneeded,which__4__tooktwentyminutes.Thatmorning，however，theprocessdidn't__5__quickly.Afterfortyminutesofaimlesslywalkinginthefield，we__6__neededtwentydozen.Iwascompletelyfrustratedand__7__.Droppingthebasketheavily,Ideclared,“Ifthestorewantsitslasttwentydozen，theycanpickitthemselves！”Dad__8__，“Justthink，mylittlegirl，onlytendozenleftforeachofusandthenwe're__9__.”SuchisDad—whateverproblemhe__10__，henevergivesup.__11__，thedisastrouseffectsofthedroughtwerefeltalloverourcountry.Itwasachallengingtimeforeveryone,__12__Dadremainedoptimistic.He__13__tobegratefulforotherthingslikegoodhealthandfoodonourplates.OnlythendidItrulybeginto__14__Dadandhisfaiththatguidedusthroughthehardtimes.Dadisalsoalivingexampleofreal__15__.Fromdawntodusk，heworkscountlesshoursto__16__ourfamily.Healwaysputsourhappiness__17__hisown，andneverfailstocheermeonatmysportsgames__18__hisexhaustionafterlongdays.Hislovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredmetobecomemoresympatheticand__19__，puttingothersfirst.Dad，thelife__20__Ihavelearnedfromyouwillstaywithmeforever.Youaremyfather，teacher，friendand，mostimportantly，myhero.1．A.teacher B．gardenerC．farmer D．grocer答案：C解析：依據(jù)下文摘玉米，可知父親是一位農(nóng)夫。2．A.stormy B．livelyC．disappearing D．burning答案：D解析：依據(jù)前文旱災(zāi)及空后詞沙漠，可知“熱辣辣的”符合句意。3．A.order B.formC．gap D.position答案：A解析：依據(jù)空后“fromthegrocerystore”，可知此空為“定購”。4．A.repeatedly B．normallyC．finally D.really答案：B解析：依據(jù)句意“這件事通常會花費(fèi)20分鐘”。5．A.go B．beginC．occur D．change答案：A解析：依據(jù)句意“進(jìn)程進(jìn)展不快。”6．A.yet B.stillC．even D.nearly答案：B解析：“仍舊”一詞說明進(jìn)展不快。7．A.surprised B．nervousC．a(chǎn)ngry D．frightened答案：C解析：依據(jù)句意及下文“我”的行為，看出“我”特別生氣。8．A.apologized B．criedC．complained D.laughed答案：D解析：對比“我”的生氣。父親很鎮(zhèn)靜，故“笑著說”。9．A.lost B.doneC．gone D．touched答案：B解析：依據(jù)句意“每人只摘10dozen，我們就完成了?！?0．A.meetswith B．bringsupC．worksout D．thinksabout答案：A解析：依據(jù)句意“無論他遇到什么問題，他從不放棄。”11．A.Thankfully B．HopefullyC．Unfortunately D．Strangely答案：C解析：“不幸地”，與disastrous(災(zāi)難的)相對應(yīng)。12．A.or B.forC．so D.but答案：D解析：依據(jù)句意“盡管不幸，但父親仍保持樂觀”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。13．A.happened B．seemedC．continued D.aimed答案：C解析：與上句“remain”相呼應(yīng)。14．A.face B.appreciateC．examine D.question答案：B解析：我感謝父親帶我們度過艱難時(shí)刻。15．A.love B.prideC．friendship D.honesty答案：A解析：依據(jù)下文“cheer”“l(fā)oving”等詞可以知道。16．A.support B．settleC．start D.impress答案：A解析：父親長時(shí)間工作目的是撫養(yǎng)家庭。17．A.after B.beforeC．beside D.under答案：B解析：此處指“先人后己”。18．A.inspiteof B．intermsofC．incontrolof D.inplaceof答案：A解析：此處指“不顧自己的疲憊”，A項(xiàng)“不顧”，B項(xiàng)“就……而言”，C項(xiàng)“限制”，D項(xiàng)“代替”。19．A.careful B.regretfulC．considerate D.humorous答案：C解析：依據(jù)句意“父親的愛和無私激勵(lì)我更富有憐憫心更能為別人考慮?！盇項(xiàng)“細(xì)致的”，B項(xiàng)“懊悔的”，C項(xiàng)為“考慮周到的”，D項(xiàng)“幽默的”。20．A.history B.mottoC．patterns D.lessons答案：D解析：從父親身上學(xué)到重要的人生課程將伴隨一生。Ⅳ.閱讀理解EdmondHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcometswhichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotworkitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem，buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse.ThenHalleysettowork.Hefiguredouttheorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeapredictionofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewas53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit，forhehaddiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethadbeencalledHalley'sCometinhishonor.1．Halleyfiguredouttheorbitof________.A．somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimesB．thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC．threedifferentcometsappearingthreetimesD．severalcometsappearingatthesametime答案：B解析：依據(jù)第三、四段可知，哈雷計(jì)算的是同一顆彗星在不同時(shí)間的軌道。2．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A．bydoingexperimentsB．bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC．byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD．bychance答案：C解析：哈雷的探討是基于前人的成就的。3．Halleymadeasurprisingbutcorrectpredictionintheyear________.A．1704 B．1705C．1706 D．1707答案：B解析：1758－53＝1705。4．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A．HalleyandotherscientistsB．theorbitofacometC．NewtonandHalleyD．Halleyandhisdiscovery答案：D解析：全文講的是哈雷發(fā)覺“哈雷彗星”的故事。Ⅴ.語法填空There'snoonereasonwhywomenreturntoschool.__1__(go)backtoschoolprovidesprivateandpublicbenefits.Collegegraduates,generallyenjoyhighersalaries,__2__(employ)moreconsistently,andworkinnicerconditions.College-educatedpeoplevotemore,givemoretocharity,andrely__3__(little)ongovernmentsupport.Makingtheswitchfrom__4__(support)tosupportingoneselfcanbeachallenge,__5__oftenanecessaryone.Financial__6__(dependent)forwomeniskey,saysNancySchlossberg,professoratUniversityofMaryland.“Ithink__7__importantforwomentodosomedirectachievement,becausechancesarethatwomenwilllivealoneinlaterlife,eitherdivorced__8__nevermarried.”ToSchlossberg,educationis__9__(critic)inthelongrun.Shesays,“Youaregoingtodomuchbetterthanbeforeifyouhaveagoodeducation;youaregoingtobehappierthanbeforeonconditionthatyouhavetheeducationthatenablesyoutodowhatyouhavetodoinlife.Thequestionis__10__youarereadyatthistimetogoforit.”1．Going解析：考查非謂語動詞。設(shè)空處位于句首作主語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式，故填Going。2．a(chǎn)re_employed解析：考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。依據(jù)語境可知，此處講解并描述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，設(shè)空處與enjoy和work為并列成分，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；employ的邏輯主語為collegegraduates，它們之間為被動關(guān)系，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，因此填areemployed。3．less解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：接受過高校教化的人更多參加投票，為慈善貢獻(xiàn)更多，更少依靠政府支持。設(shè)空處應(yīng)與前文more構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)表比較，因此填其比較級less。4．being_supported解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：從被支援到自食其力的轉(zhuǎn)變會是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)……。介詞from后接v.-ing形式作賓語；依據(jù)句意，第一個(gè)support表示“被支援”，應(yīng)用被動形式。因此填beingsupported。5．but解析：考查連詞。依據(jù)句意“盡管從被支援到自食其力的轉(zhuǎn)變會是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但也是必需經(jīng)驗(yàn)的挑戰(zhàn)”可知，前后兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此填but。6．independence解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)上的獨(dú)立對女性而言是很關(guān)鍵的。形容詞financial后應(yīng)接名詞，依據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處表示“獨(dú)立，不依靠”，因此