翻譯二級筆譯綜合能力閱讀分類模擬題134

翻譯二級筆譯綜合能力閱讀分類模擬題134ReadingComprehension

Atthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,NorthAmericanso（江南博哥）cietyheld,asanideal，theNuclearFamily.Thispresumablyperfectresidential,social,andeconomicunitconsistedofanadultmale,anadultfemaleandtheirminorchildren.Thisstructurewasthoughttobestableandlonglasting.

However,afewdecadeslater,thestructureofthatidealfamilywasbeingalteredradicallyevenwhileitwasbeingtoutedasthestructuretobeaimedfor.PopularmagazinesbemoanedthelossoftheNuclearFamilyanditsreplacementwithinferiorforms.

ThereareanumberoffactorsthatareactinginconcerttoapplypressureontheNuclearFamilyandgenerateavarietyofnewstructures.Someoftheseare:

Thedefinitionofmarriagehaschangedsomewhatinthatfewpeoplenowconsiderittolast"untildeathdouspart".Theconceptofmonogamy(themarriageofonemanandonewoman)hasbeenmodifiedtoaformnowreferredtoasserialmonogamy(themarriageofonemanandonewomanatatime).Thisreflectstheincreasingequalityofwomenandmenintermsofeconomicadvantageandtherecognitionthatmanywomennolongerdependonmenfortheirsurvival.Womenareacquiringindependenceandhavebecomeempoweredtomaketheirownchoices.Withthisindependence,theneedtoformarelationshipwithamanbecomeslessimportant.Thischangeembodiestheconceptthatthemarriageistemporaryandcanbeterminatedbyeitherpartneratanytime.Associatedwiththis,ofcourse,istherelaxationofthedivorcelawsandthesignificantreductionoftheshamethathadonetimebeenattachedtodivorce

TheeconomyofNorthAmericahasresultedinatwo-tiersystemofafewrichwhocontrolmostoftheresourcesandalargeportionofthepopulationwhocontrolalmostnoneoftheresources.Becauseofthis,manycouplesareforcedtohavebothpartnerswithfull-timejobsoutsidethehome.Thereareunintendedbyproductsoftheneedforadoubleincome.Themostimportantoftheseisthereplacementofamother-orientedsocializationofchildrentoa"stranger-oriented"socializationsystemreflectedinthegrowthofthechildcareindustry.Also,eitherpartnerisfinanciallyabletoendthemarriagewithoutsignificanthardship.

ThecombinationofthesechangeswillinthecomingdecadeshaveaprofoundeffectonthestructureofthefamilyofNorthAmerica.Asaresult,thefamilywillbeafluid,constantlychangingstructurewithvariablehouseholdarrangementsasthenorm.1.

Inthe1910smostNorthAmericansbelievedthattheNuclearFamily______.A.wouldn'tlastlongB.wasthenormalfamilystructureC.hadnosocialandeconomicbasisD.wasunworthy正確答案：B[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Atthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,NorthAmericansocietyheld,asanideal,theNuclearFamily.”可知，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Thisstructurewasthoughttobestableandlonglasting.”可知，A項(xiàng)不正確；C、D兩項(xiàng)在文中并未提及。

2.

WhathappenedtotheNuclearFamilyinthemiddleOfthetwentiethcentury?A.Itchangedgreatly.B.Itwascriticized.C.Itremainedanormalstructure.D.Itwaslost.正確答案：A[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“However,afewdecadeslater,thestructureofthatidealfamilywasbeingalteredradically.”可知，幾十年后，理想家庭結(jié)構(gòu)有了根本性改變。所以，答案是A。

3.

Inthemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,peopleinNorthAmerica______.A.weretiredoftheNuclearFamilyB.wantedtogiveuptheNuclearFamilyC.believedthattheNuclearFamilywashopefulD.wereindifferenttotheNuclearFamily正確答案：C[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“However,afewdecadeslater,thestructureofthatidealfamilywasbeingalteredradicallyevenwhileitwasbeingtoutedasthestructuretobeaimedfor.”可知，人們吹捧核心家庭是他們的目標(biāo)家庭結(jié)構(gòu)。據(jù)此推斷，答案是C。

4.

WhathaschangedtheNuclearFamilyinNorthAmerica?A.Peoplehavechangedtheirideasaboutmarriage.B.Womenbecomemoreindependent.C.Theeconomyischanging.D.Alloftheabovefactorsareactingtogether.正確答案：D[解析]本題考查文章主旨。根據(jù)文章第四、五段內(nèi)容可知，這兩段主要講述了是哪些因素導(dǎo)致了核心家庭的改變，其中有人們的婚姻觀、婦女的獨(dú)立和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的改變。由此可知，答案是D。

5.

WhatisthemajorfactorthathasraisedthedivorcerateinNorthAmerica?A.Theincreasingequalityofwomen.B.Relaxationofthedivorcelaws.C.Thesignificantreductionoftheshameondivorce.D.Menhavingmorechancestoknowwomen.正確答案：A[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句“Thisreflectstheincreasingequalityofwomenandmenintermsofeconomicadvantageandtherecognitionthatmanywomennolongerdependonmenfortheirsurvival.”可知，正確答案是A。

6.

InParagraph4,"untildeathdoaspart"probablymeansremainingmarried______.A.untildeathB.totheparticularpersonuntildeathC.toonepersonatatimeD.untiloneleaves正確答案：B[解析]本題考查短語意義。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句中的monogamy和serialmonogamy可知，"untildeathdouspart".的意思是至死都和某個(gè)人保持婚姻關(guān)系，所以，答案是B。

7.

InParagraph5,"two-tiersystem"meanssome______.A.menhavemanywiveswhileothershavenoneB.peopleareveryrichwhileothersareverypoorC.peoplehavetoomuchworktodowhileothershavenothingtodoD.peoplecontrolothers正確答案：B[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第五段的第一句話“TheeconomyofNorthAmericahasresultedinatwo-tiersystemofafewrichwhocontrolmostoftheresourcesandalargeportionofthepopulationwhocontrolalmostnoneoftheresources.”可知，正確答案是B。

8.

Manywivesworkoutsidetheirhomebecausethey______.A.wanttobeindependentB.don'twanttostayathomeC.don'thavetotakecareoftheirchildrenD.wanttomakemoneyfortheirhome正確答案：D[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第五段前兩句“TheeconomyofNorthAmericahasresultedinatwo-tiersystemofafewrichwhocontrolmostoftheresourcesandalargeportionofthepopulationwhocontrolalmostnoneoftheresources.Becauseofthis,manycouplesareforcedtohavebothpartnerswithfull-timejobsoutsidethehome.”可知，因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)生了雙重體系，所以，很多夫婦被迫雙雙出去工作。據(jù)此推斷，答案是D。

9.

"'Stranger-oriented'socializationsystem"inParagraph5probablymeans______.A.strangerscomehometotakecareofchildrenB.neighborsdon'tknoweachotherC.mothersworkoutsidetheirhomeandbecomestrangetotheirchildrenD.childrenbecomestrangetotheirparents正確答案：A[解析]本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)文章第五段第四句“Themostimportantoftheseisthereplacementofamother-orientedsocializationofchildrentoa'stranger-oriented'socializationsystemreflectedinthegrowthofthechildcareindustry.”可知，媽媽無暇照顧孩子，而是由陌生人來家中照顧孩子。所以，答案是A。

10.

Theauthor'spurposeisto______.A.givethebasicfactsofmarriageinNorthAmericaB.explainthereasonswhythedivorcerateishighinNorthAmericaC.introducewhybothhusbandandwifehavetoworkoutsidetheirhomeD.giveapictureoffamilystructuralchangeinNorthAmerica正確答案：D[解析]本題考查文章主旨。通讀全文可知，文章主要是講述北美家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化，所以，答案是D。而A、B、C三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在文中都有介紹，故不選。

"Whatdoesthemiddlemandobutaddtothepriceofgoodsintheshops?"Suchremarksareaimedattheintermediateoperationsbetweenmanufacturersandfinalcustomers.Thispracticeusuallyattractsalotofattentionfromthepublicandthepressandtheoperationmosttalkedaboutiswhatisoftencalledwholesaling.

Thewholesalerbuysgoodsinlargequantitiesfromthemanufacturersandsellstheminsmallerparcelstoretailers,andforthisservicehissellingpricetotheretailerisraisedseveralpercenthigher.Buthisjobismademoredifficultbyretaildemandnotnecessarilyrunninglevelwithmanufacturers'production.Becauseheadjustsorregulatestheflowofgoodsbyholdingstockuntilrequired,hefreesthemanufacturer,tosomeextent,fromtheeffectonproductionofchangingdemandandhavingtobearthewholerisk.

Themanufacturercanthenkeepupasteadyproductionflow,andtheretailerhasnoneedtoholdheavystocks,whocancallonthewholesalerforsuppliesanytime.Thiswholesalefunctionislikethatofavalveinawaterpipe.Themiddlemanalsobearspartoftheriskthatwouldotherwisefallonthemanufacturerandalsotheretailer.

Thewholesalerprovidesapurelycommercialservice,forwhichheistoowellrewarded.Butthepointthatismissedbymanypeopleisthatthewholesalerisnotjustsomeoneaddingtothecostofgoods.Itistrueonecouldeliminatethewholesalerbutonewouldstillbeleftwithhisfunction:thatofmakingsurethatgoodsfindtheirwaytothepeoplewhowantthem.11.

"Middleman"inthepassagealmostequalstoallthefollowinginmeaningEXCEPT______.A.go-betweenB.intermediaryC.manufacturerD.wholesaler正確答案：C[解析]本題考查詞義理解。根據(jù)文章第一段前兩句“'Whatdoesthemiddlemandobutaddtothepriceofgoodsintheshops?'Suchremarksareaimedattheintermediateoperationsbetweenmanufacturersandfinalcustomers.”可知，Middleman應(yīng)該是負(fù)責(zé)制造商和客戶之間的業(yè)務(wù)。Middleman“經(jīng)紀(jì)人，中間人”；go-between“媒介者，中間人”；intermediary“中間人，調(diào)解人”；wholesaler“批發(fā)商”；manufacturer“制造業(yè)者，廠商”。由此可知，答案是C。

12.

"Thispractice"inParagraph1mostprobablyreferstothefactthatthemiddleman______.A.increasesthepricesintheshopsB.buysfromyouandsellstomeC.aimsremarksatmanufacturersD.interfereswithendusercustomers正確答案：B[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段后兩句“Suchremarksareaimedattheintermediateoperationsbetweenmanufacturersandfinalcustomers.Thispracticeusuallyattractsalotofattentionfromthepublicandthepressandtheoperationmosttalkedaboutiswhatisoftencalledwholesaling.”可知，practice指代上文的intermediateoperationsbetweenmanufacturersandfinalcustomers，所以是指批發(fā)商的行為。

13.

Thewholesalerobtainshighersellingpricesfor______.A.smallparcelshesellsB.goodshebuysinbulkC.theserviceheprovidesD.theinformationheoffers正確答案：C[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句中的“Thewholesalerbuysgoodsinlargequantitiesfromthemanufacturersandsellstheminsmallerparcelstoretailers,andforthisservicehissellingpricetotheretailerisraisedseveralpercenthigher.”可知，批發(fā)商賣上高價(jià)錢是因?yàn)樗姆?wù)。

14.

Amiddleman'sworkmaybecomedifficultbecause______.A.manufacturersruntheirproductiononamuchhigherlevelB.marketdemandmaynotbethesameasindustrialproductionC.retailersarenotnecessaryinrunningtheirretailingbusinessD.retailersdemandlowerlevelsthanthosedemandedbymanufacturers正確答案：B[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句的“...hisjobismademoredifficultbyretaildemandnotnecessarilyrunninglevelwithmanufacturers'production.”可知，中間商的工作變得困難是因?yàn)榱闶坌枨笈c生產(chǎn)商的產(chǎn)品不同。

15.

Thewholesalerregulatestheflowofgoodsby______.A.runninglevelwithmanufacturers'productionB.holdingdownstockofcommoditiesC.keepingstockforstrongerdemandD.adjustingthepricesofgoodsintime正確答案：C[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句“...heregulatestheflowofgoodsbyholdingstockuntilrequired.”可知，批發(fā)商通過存現(xiàn)貨以便需求來管理貨物流量。所以，答案是C。

16.

Themiddlemanrelievestheproducerof______.A.fluctuatingmarketdemandandstayingatriskB.theproductionofcommoditiesfortheretailmarketC.someextentofproductionofchangingdemandD.storinggoodsinawarehouseuntiltheyareneeded正確答案：A[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Hefreesthemanufacturer,tosomeextent,fromtheeffectonproductionofchangingdemandandhavingtobearthewholerisk.”可知，一定程度上，中間商會使生產(chǎn)商免受需求變化和承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響。據(jù)此推斷，答案是A。

17.

Whatfunctionofthewholesaleriscomparedtoavalve?A.Controllingtheflowofgoods.B.Pushingupdemandfromretailers.C.Bearingpartoftheriskformanufacturers.D.Sellinggoodstoretailers.正確答案：A[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話“Themanufacturercanthenkeepupasteadyproductionflow,andtheretailerhasnoneedtoholdheavystocks,whocancallonthewholesalerforsuppliesanytime.”可知，制造商可以保持一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的生產(chǎn)流程，零售商不必?fù)碛写罅楷F(xiàn)貨，隨時(shí)可以向批發(fā)商請求供貨。批發(fā)商控制貨物流動(dòng)的功能就像一個(gè)閥門。

18.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Peoplecannotdowithoutthewholesaler'sfunction.B.Thefunctionofthewholesalerdoesnotaddtothecostofgoods.C.Thewholesalerhelpstoreducethepriceofgoodsinshops.D.Thewholesaleriswellpaidforhiscommercialservice.正確答案：D[解析]本題考查是非判斷。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句“Thewholesalerprovidesapurelycommercialservice,forwhichheistoowellrewarded.”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“人們離不開批發(fā)商”，根據(jù)第四段第三句“onecouldeliminatethewholesaler”可知，A項(xiàng)不正確，故排除；第二段第二行中提到批發(fā)商賣給零售商時(shí)價(jià)格提高了百分之幾，第四段中提到someoneaddingtothecostofgoods，所以B、C兩項(xiàng)也不正確。

19.

Theauthorquitepossiblybelievesthatthefunctionofthewholesaleris______.A.goodbuttoocostlyB.necessarybutharmfulC.removablebutnecessaryD.acceptablebutunnecessary正確答案：C[解析]本題考查作者態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Itistrueonecouldeliminatethewholesalerbutonewouldstillbeleftwithhisfunction:thatofmakingsurethatgoodsfindtheirwaytothepeoplewhowantthem.”可知，你可以沒有批發(fā)商，但是他的功能還是在的。即批發(fā)商并不是必不可缺的，但是必要的。

20.

Whichofthefollowingtitlesismostappropriateforthispassage?A.TheGreedyWholesalersB.TheWholesalersinthePublicEyeC.ARetailMarketwithWholesalersD.CanWeDowithouttheWholesaler?正確答案：D[解析]本題考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了批發(fā)商的作用，特別是文章的最后一句話點(diǎn)明了文章的主旨。A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在文中并沒有相關(guān)支持信息，B、C兩項(xiàng)也不正確。

MostpeoplewouldbeimpressedbythehighqualityofmedicineavailabletomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealofattentiontotheindividual,avastamountofadvancedtechnicalequipment,andintenseeffortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmustfaceinthecourtsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.

ButtheAmericansareinamess.Theproblemisthewayinwhichhealthcareisorganizedandfinanced.Contrarytopublicbelief,itisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.Totheprivatesystemhasbeenjoinedalargepublicsystem,becauseprivatecarewassimplynotlookingafterthelessfortunateandtheelderly.

Butevenwiththishugepublicpartofthesystem,whichthisyearwilleatup84.5billiondollars—morethan10percentoftheU.S.budget—largenumbersofAmericansareleftout.Theseincludeabouthalfthe11millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.

Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontroloverthehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices,otherthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.Thenumberofdoctorshasshotupandpriceshaveclimbed.Whenfacedwithtoothache,asickchild,oraheartattack,alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcandoispayup.

Two-thirdsofthepopulationarecoveredbymedicalinsurance.Doctorschargeasmuchastheywantknowingthattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill.

ThemedicalprofessionhasasaresultbecomeAmerica'snewbigbusinessmen.Theaverageincomeofdoctorshasnowreached$100,000ayear.Withsuchvastincomesthetalkinthedoctor'ssurgeryisaslikelytobeaboutthedoctor'slatestfinancialdeal,asaboutwhethertheminoroperationheisrecommendingat,severalthousanddollarsisentirelynecessary.

TherisingcostofmedicineintheU.S.A.isamongthemostworryingproblemfacingthecountry.In1981thecountry'shealthcostclimbed15.9percent—abouttwiceasfastaspricesingeneral.21.

IntheU.S.patientscanexpect,inmedicaltreatment,______.A.occasionalmistakesbycarelessdoctorsB.agreatdealofpersonalattentionC.lowchargebydoctorsandhospitalsD.slackingnursesandbadservices正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealofattentiontotheindividual,avastamountofadvancedtechnicalequipment”可知，B項(xiàng)“agreatdealofpersonalattention很多個(gè)人護(hù)理”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“粗心醫(yī)生偶然的錯(cuò)誤”，第一段提到醫(yī)院有專業(yè)化的團(tuán)隊(duì)，為避免錯(cuò)誤不遺余力，所以A項(xiàng)說法不正確；C項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院的低收費(fèi)”，文中提到大部分醫(yī)療費(fèi)用由保險(xiǎn)公司支付，所以醫(yī)院收費(fèi)很高，由此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“松散的護(hù)士和劣質(zhì)的服務(wù)”，第一段說病人能得到醫(yī)院高質(zhì)量的關(guān)懷，所以說服務(wù)劣質(zhì)也不符合文意，所以這三項(xiàng)都排除。

22.

Theword"specialization"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.restrictionB.classC.standardD.norm正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“Thereisalotofspecialization”可知，有很多限制。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“限定，限制”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“等級”，C項(xiàng)“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，D項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)則”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

23.

Doctorsandhospitalstryhardtoavoidmakingmistakesbecause______.A.theyfeartobesuedbythepatientsB.theycaremuchabouttheirreputationC.theycompeteforgettingmorepatientsD.theywishtojointheprivatemedicalsystem正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“andintenseeffortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmustfaceinthecoupsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.”可知，一旦醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院處理事情不當(dāng)，他們將在法庭上面臨財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，所以A項(xiàng)“他們害怕被病人控告”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“他們很在意他們的名譽(yù)”，C項(xiàng)“他們競爭得到更多的病人”，D項(xiàng)“他們想加入私人醫(yī)療體系”，這三項(xiàng)和第一段內(nèi)容不符合。

24.

Thephase"inamess"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.indisorderB.untidyC.uncleanD.chaotic正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“ButtheAmericansareinamess”可知，但在美國一片混亂。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“無秩序的，混亂的”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“不整潔的”，C項(xiàng)“不干凈的”，D項(xiàng)“混沌的”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

25.

WhatdoMostAmericansthinkabouthealthcareintheU.S.?A.Itmustbeintotalchaos.B.Itmustbeafreecompetitionsystem.C.Itshouldcovertheunemployed.D.Itshouldinvolveprivatecare.正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“Contrarytopublicbelief,itisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.和公眾的信念相反，美國的醫(yī)療體系不是一個(gè)公平競爭的體系”可知，公眾認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)自由競爭體系，所以B項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“它一定處在一片混亂中”，C項(xiàng)“它應(yīng)該覆蓋失業(yè)人員”，D項(xiàng)“它應(yīng)該包含私人護(hù)理”，這三項(xiàng)和文中第二段內(nèi)容不符合。

26.

Thephase"leftout"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.ignoreB.considerC.eliminateD.debar正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第三段的內(nèi)容“l(fā)argenumbersofAmericansareleftout”可知，大部分美國人被忽視了。選項(xiàng)中的A項(xiàng)為“忽視，忽略”符合文意。B項(xiàng)“考慮”，C項(xiàng)“排除，消除”，D項(xiàng)“防止，禁止”，這三項(xiàng)均不符合題意。

27.

FromParagraph3weknowthat______fromthepublichealthsystem.A.millionsofjoblesspeoplegetsupportB.thosewithsteadyincomedonotseekhelpC.somepeoplearemadeineligibletobenefitD.thosewithprivatehealthcareareexcluded正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第三段的內(nèi)容“Theseincludeabouthalfthe11millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.”可知，在美國一些失業(yè)人員和那些擁有政府的固定的收入，嚴(yán)格講不符合規(guī)定，試圖通過此方式儲蓄的那部分人仍然得不到醫(yī)療體系的幫助，所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“成千上萬的失業(yè)人員從公共醫(yī)療體系得到幫助”，這和文中內(nèi)容相反；B項(xiàng)“有穩(wěn)定收入的人不從公共醫(yī)療體系尋求幫助”，D項(xiàng)“有私人醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的人被排除在外”，B、D和文中第三段內(nèi)容不符合。

28.

Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthekeyfactorintheriseofhealthcostintheU.S.?A.Therefusalofinsurancecompaniestopaythebills.B.Theincreaseofthenumberofdoctorsandhospitals.C.Thelackofgovernmentcontroloverthemedicalprices.D.Themergerofprivatehealthcarewiththepublicsystem.正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第四段的內(nèi)容“Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontroloverthehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices,otherthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.可知，醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院收費(fèi)高，是因?yàn)檎刂撇坏轿唬訡項(xiàng)“對醫(yī)療價(jià)格政府缺乏控制”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“保險(xiǎn)公司拒付醫(yī)療賬單”，B項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院數(shù)量的增加”，D項(xiàng)“私人醫(yī)療體系和公共醫(yī)療體系的合并”，這三項(xiàng)和第四段內(nèi)容不符合，不是醫(yī)院收費(fèi)高的根本原因。

29.

Theword"they"underlinedinParagraph5refersto______.A.doctorsB.moneyC.populationD.patients正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文中第五段的內(nèi)容“Doctorschargeasmuchastheywantknowingthattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill”可知，醫(yī)生根據(jù)他們想要的盡量多收費(fèi)，因?yàn)樗麄冎辣ｋU(xiǎn)公司會支付的。由此可知，they代指前面提到的醫(yī)生。所以正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

30.

ItisimpliedthatAmericandoctorsoften______.A.tradetheirprofessionalismforfinancialbenefitsB.failtorecognizethepayingpowerofthepatientsC.discussabouthowtomakemoneyduringthesurgeryD.givethepatientsexpensivebutneedlesstreatments正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段的內(nèi)容“Withsuchvastincomesthetalkinthedoctor'ssurgeryisaslikelytobeaboutthedoctor'slatestfinancialdeal,asaboutwhethertheminoroperationheisrecommendingat,severalthousanddollarsisentirelynecessary.”可知，C項(xiàng)“在手術(shù)中討論如何賺錢”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“用他們的專業(yè)知識去換取經(jīng)濟(jì)利益”，B項(xiàng)“不能辨別出病人的支付能力”，A、B兩項(xiàng)在文中沒有提到；D項(xiàng)“給病人昂貴的不需要的治療”，文中提到昂貴，但是沒有提到治療是不是病人需要不需要的，所以D不正確。

Writingaboutmusicislikedancingaboutarchitecture,orsothesayinggoes.SometimesattributedtoFrankZappa,othertimestoElvisCostello,thisquoteisusuallyintendedtoconveythefutilityofsuchanendeavor,ifnotthecompletesillinessofevenattemptingit.ButGlennKurtz'sgracefulmemoir,Practicing:AMusician'sReturntoMusic,turnstheexpressiononitshead,givingitadifferentmeaningbycreatingalovely,uniquebook.

Kurtzpickeduptheguitarasakidinamusic-lovingfamily,attendedtheLongIslandmusicschool,andwentontoplayonMervGriffin'sTVshowbeforegraduatingfromTuftsUniversity.MotivatingtheyoungKurtzwasthedreamofreinventingclassicalguitar,asifbyhisgreatambitionalonehecouldpushitfromthemarginsofpopularinteresttocenterstage-somethingnotevenaccomplishedbythelateSpanishguitaristAndresSegovia,perhapstheonlyartistoftheformevertoreachanythingresemblingwidespreadcelebrity.

Thisbookreadslikealovestoryofsorts:Boymeetsguitar.Boylovesguitar.Guitarbreaksboy'sheartor,moreprecisely,theordinarinessofaworkingmusician'slifedoesso."I'djustimaginedtheartist'slifenaively,childishly,withtoomuchlonging,toomuchpoetryandinnocenceandpurity,"Kurtzwrites."Theguitarhadbeentheinstrumentofmydreams.Nowthedreamwasover."

Boyleavesguitar.Werethestorytoendhere,thisbookwouldheatragedy,butafternearlyadecadetheboyreturnstoguitar,andalthoughhehaslosttheenthusiasmhehadinhisyouth,hefindshisloveoftheguitaragaininawayhenevercouldhaveappreciatedbefore.

AlthoughKurtziswritingaboutauniquemusicalpath,hisjourneyspeakseloquentlytotheheartofanyonewhohaseverdesperatelyyearnedtoachievesomethingandfeltthestingofdisappointment."Everyonewhogivesupaseriouschildhooddream—ofbecominganartist,adoctor,anengineer,anathlete—livestherestoftheirlifewithasenseofloss,withnaggingwhatitis,"hewrites."Isthattimeandeffort,thattalentandambition,trulywasted?"31.

ThequotationmentionedinParagraph1impliesthatwritingaboutmusicis______.A.anambitiousattemptB.amodemformofartC.animpossibletaskD.arewardingexperience正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段中的內(nèi)容“thisquoteisusuallyintendedtoconveythefutilityofsuchanendeavor”可知，用寫作表達(dá)音樂是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，所以C符合文意。A項(xiàng)“一種雄心勃勃的嘗試”，B項(xiàng)“一種藝術(shù)的現(xiàn)代形式”，D項(xiàng)“一種有回報(bào)的體驗(yàn)”，這三項(xiàng)和文中內(nèi)容不符合。

32.

Theword"convey"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.transmitB.implyC.hintD.unsafe正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文中第一段中的內(nèi)容“thisquoteisusuallyintendedtoconveythefutilityofsuchanendeavor”可知，目的是暗指這種努力的無益。選項(xiàng)中的B項(xiàng)為“暗指”，符合文意。A項(xiàng)“傳遞”，C項(xiàng)“提示”，D項(xiàng)“不安全的”，這三項(xiàng)均和convey意思相差甚遠(yuǎn)。

33.

AsayoungmanGlennKurtzwantedto______.A.surpassAndresSegovia'sachievementB.TransformclassicalguitarC.becomeaTVmusicstarD.liveonarts正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容“MotivatingtheyoungKurtzwasthedreamofreinventingclassicalguitar”可以看出庫茲想改革古典吉他，所以B項(xiàng)符合文意。A項(xiàng)“超越安德烈斯·塞戈維亞的成就”，這是對文中內(nèi)容“庫茲想重新塑造古典吉他，這是安德烈斯都沒有完成的事情”的曲解；C項(xiàng)“成為一名電視音樂巨星”；D項(xiàng)“靠藝術(shù)生活”，C、D兩項(xiàng)在文中沒有提到。

34.

Theauthormentions"reinventing"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.reuseB.innovateC.recreateD.reset正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文中第二段中的內(nèi)容“MotivatingtheyoungKurtzwasthedreamofreinventingclassicalguitar”可知為改革古典吉他。選項(xiàng)中的B項(xiàng)為“改革，”符合文意。A項(xiàng)“再利用”，C項(xiàng)“再創(chuàng)造”，D項(xiàng)“重新設(shè)置”，這三項(xiàng)均和reinventing意思相差甚遠(yuǎn)。

35.

Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutclassicalguitar?A.Itisnotpopularwiththepublic.B.Itisnotaneasysk