Unit3TheWorldofSciencePeriod3Developingideas課件高一英語(yǔ)

Unit3TheWorldofScienceFRANKLIN`SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrue?DevelopingideasLearningaims1.Tounderstandthemainideaofthepassageandgetsomedetailedinformation.2.Togetthefeaturesofargumentationandfindoutthestructureofthepassage.3.Todevelopourcriticalthinkingandhaveclearjudgements.KnowaboutBenjaminFranklin.BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.美國(guó)的開國(guó)元?jiǎng)字徽渭易骷矣∷⑸坛霭嫔贪l(fā)明家外交官科學(xué)家Leading-inItprovediflighteningwasreallyproducedbyelectricityorsomethingelse.ReadthepassageandfindoutwhatFranklin’sexperimentaimedtoprove.GeneralreadingRaiseaquestionIsBenjaminFranklin`sfamousexperimentwithlightningafictionorafact?What`stheaimoftheexperiment?Toprovethatlightningwasaformofelectricity.Whatabouttheexperiment?Franklinraisedakitewithapieceofstringtiedtoit.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.Aflashoflightninghitthekite,andelectricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Franklinthentouchedthekeywithhisfingerandgotanelectricshock.SpecificreadingContributions:1Formanyyear,morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyFranklin`sbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.2Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.Neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytrue.AnalysethequestionAlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin`sexperimenttookplace,thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue,scientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.Becausetheywanttoestablishthefact.Whydoscientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas?MorethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.ThesolutionAdmittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth,inscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.Fromthepassagewecanlearn...

Somepartsofthestoriesaretrue,andsomearenot,becausetheydon’tfollowthecommonsense.However,thescientists’spiritofscientificexplorationiswhatmostlymatters.1Franklindidtheexperimentwithlightinginorderto____________.AhavefunBprovethatlightingisaformofelectricityCflyakiteDtoprovethathewasbrave2What`speople`sattitudetowardsFranklin`sexperiment?ADoubtful.BBelievable.CIndifferent.DNegative.3Whydoscientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas?ABecausetheythinktheyareclevererthanothers.BBecauseacceptedideasareoftenwrong.CBecausetheyonlybelieveinthemselves.DBecausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.SpecificreadingReadthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.4Accordingtothetext,whichstatementistrue?AActuallyFranklindidn`ttouchthekeyatall.BFranklindiedfromtheexperiment.CAllthescientistsbelievedthestoryoftheexperiment.DOnlyonescientisthadsomedoubtaboutthestory.5What`sthepurposeofthepassage?ATellusafunnystory.BTellusastoryofagreatscientist.CTellusthatweshouldn`talwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.DTelluslightingisreallyproducedbyelectricity.6What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestoryofFranklin’sexperiment?A.Doubtful.B.Curious.C.Objective.(客觀的）D.Notmentioned.

Thereisawell-knownstoryaboutBenjaminFranklin1___________hasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.2_________newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.3____________(prove)iflightingwasproducedbyelectricity,Franklinraisedakitewithapieceofstring4_________(tie)toit.Ametalkey5___________(attach)toit.Whenaflashoflightinghitthekite,Franklinthentouchedthekeyandgot6_____electricshock.Thisprovedthatlightingwasaformofelectricity.Formanyyears,7___________(generation)ofschoolchildrenhavebeenamazedbyFranklin`sbraveryandscientificapproach8_____lookingforthetruth.However,morethanonescientisthasquestioned9______reallyhappened.TheyallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewould10_________(certain)havediedfromtheelectricshock.Soweshouldn`talwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear----evenifitisagreatstory.whichHoweverToprovetiedwasattachedangenerationstowhatcertainlyFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.1.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhave?

Think&

share

Asagreatscientist,heorsheshouldhavemorethanonegoodquality,suchasbeingsmart,honest,objective,persistent,curious,imaginative,devotedandsoon.2.Inwhatwaysdoscientistscontributetosociety?Think&

share

First,scientificdiscoveriespromotethedevelopmentofoursociety.Secondly,thecontributionsofscientistsinmedicineextendourlifespan.Thirdly,scientistshaveinventedalotofsurprisingtoolsthatfundamentallyimproveourlivingstandards.1.attachv．系，綁，貼；使依戀；重視(教材原句)Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.繩子上綁著一把金屬鑰匙。SoIhavenochoicebuttobotheryoutocorrectmymistakesinthematerialIattachtotheletter.所以我別無(wú)選擇，只能麻煩您糾正我在信中附帶的材料中的錯(cuò)誤。(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Heisattachedtotheoldferries.他很喜歡那些舊渡船?！局R(shí)拓展】(1)attachsth.tosth.

把……附在……上；把……固定到……上

attachimportance/significanceto...認(rèn)為……重要/有意義(2)attachedadj. (作表語(yǔ))依戀的；附屬于

beattachedto 附屬于；依戀(3)attachmentn. [C]附屬物；附件；[U]愛慕；依戀【即學(xué)即練】(1)Sheattachedastamp

theenvelopeandmaileditout.(2)Pleasefindmyapplicationletterinthis

(attach)．(3)我的父母一直非常重視讓我得到良好的教育。Myparentsalways

mygettingagoodeducation.toattachmentattachgreatimportanceto2.accountn．[C]描述，敘述；賬目，賬戶

vi.解釋，說(shuō)明；(數(shù)量上、比例上)占(教材原句)

Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實(shí)上，不止一種說(shuō)法表明，雖然牛頓確實(shí)受到了掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明蘋果砸在了他的頭上。(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Whenweconsidercontactbetweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.當(dāng)我們考慮諸如此類的有文化和無(wú)文化社會(huì)之間的接觸時(shí)，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有一半的對(duì)話?！局R(shí)拓展】(1)giveanaccountof...描述……

onaccountof 因?yàn)?，由于onnoaccount 決不(位于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝)oaccount 將……考慮在內(nèi)(2)accountfor... 是……的原因；解釋；占(一定數(shù)量或比例)【即學(xué)即練】(1)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccounts

about30percentoftotalglobalfertilizerconsumption.(2)Iftheyhadtakeneverything

account,theywouldnothavemadesuchamistake.(3)由于天氣不好，我們將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)推遲了。Wedelayedthesportsmeet

．forintoonaccountof

thebadweatherapartfrom除……之外(教材原句)

Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他不僅是一位成功的政治家，還是美國(guó)著名的作家、印刷商和出版商、成功的外交家、富有創(chuàng)造力的科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家。Apartfromhard-working,hewasmodest.Nowonderhecouldmakegreatachievements.除了工作努力，他還很謙遜。難怪他取得了不起的成績(jī)。Theofficeisemptyapartfromthedustmanafterworkeveryday.每天下班后辦公室里除了清潔工，什么人也沒(méi)有。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)【知識(shí)拓展】apartfrom后接名詞、代詞或v.-ing作賓語(yǔ)，具體用法如下：(1)表示“除了……外(還)，此外”，相當(dāng)于inadditionto或besides；(2)表示“除了……外(都)”，相當(dāng)于except或but。apartfrom具有多重意義，既可代替besides，也可代替except或exceptforbesides表示“除了……之外(還有)”，即把除去的部分也包括在整體之內(nèi)except表示“除了……之外”，在整體中減去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整體之內(nèi)exceptfor表示“除……以外”，指說(shuō)明整個(gè)基本情況后，對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正，其后常接名詞【即學(xué)即練】選詞填空(apartfrom，except，besides，exceptfor)(1)

beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.(2)Theshopisopeneveryday

onSundays.(3)It'sreallyagoodbook

thecover.apartfrom/exceptexceptfor/apartfromApartfrom/Besides同位語(yǔ)從句(教材原句)

Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實(shí)上，不止一種說(shuō)法表明，雖然牛頓確實(shí)受到了掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明蘋果砸在了他的頭上。本句為復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句，句中that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadallovertheschool.他們比賽獲勝的消息很快傳遍了整個(gè)學(xué)校。Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這份工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的?！局R(shí)拓展】(1)在that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句中，that在從句中不作任何成分，也無(wú)具體意義，只起連接作用，但是一般不能省略；(2)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞還有whether、what、which、when、where、why、how等；(3)常接同位語(yǔ)從句的抽象名詞有belief、doubt、news、hope、possibility、fact、suggestion等?！炯磳W(xué)即練】(1)Imadeapromisetomyself

thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.(2)Thequestion

Englishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswersinceitiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue.(3)Ihavenoidea

wecandowiththesewastematerialsinthefuture.——判斷下列句子中的畫線部分是同位語(yǔ)從句還是定語(yǔ)從句(4)Thesuggestionthatthemeetingbepostponedmorningwasputforward.(5)Thesuggestionthatsheputforwardatthemeetingyesterdaymorningwasturneddown.thatwhetherwhat同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告屬于說(shuō)明文，內(nèi)容是整理記錄下來(lái)的實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?、方法、過(guò)程、結(jié)果，然后寫成書面匯總材料。實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告要明確體現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?、步驟和結(jié)果，對(duì)具體實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象的描述要客觀準(zhǔn)確，分析要全面具體，語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)潔質(zhì)樸、通俗易懂。

實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)上通常分為三部分：文章開頭部分需要介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)背景和實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?；文章主體部分介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)材料和實(shí)驗(yàn)的具體步驟；結(jié)尾部分交代實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和從中學(xué)到的知識(shí)或道理。Writing增分佳句1．描寫實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?1)．..carryoutanexperimenttofindout...(2)Theaimoftheexperimentistofind...(3)．..withthepurposeofdiscovering...2．描寫實(shí)驗(yàn)用品：(1)Tocarryout/make/do/performtheexperiment,youneed...(2)Thefollowingthingsareneeded...(3)Thefollowingapparatusisused...3．描寫實(shí)驗(yàn)方法或過(guò)程：(1)．..makegoodpreparationsfor...(2)Itisimportantthat...(3)．..dotheexperimentasfollows.(firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally;first,then,next,afterthat,twohours'later;afterseveraldays)(4)findabetterwayofdoing...(5)．..makeagoodstudyof...4．描寫實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論：(1)Fromthisexperimentwecanconclude...(2)．..draw/cometotheconclusionthat...(3)Wecanlearnfromtheexperimentthat...(4)Wecanfindoutthat...(5)Youcansee/discover...(6)Inconclusion...【活學(xué)活用】化學(xué)課上學(xué)習(xí)了關(guān)于溶解的知識(shí)后，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，比較橘子汁和食用油在水中的溶解情況，然后用英語(yǔ)寫一份詞數(shù)80左右的實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告，并給出結(jié)論。實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康挠^察橘子汁和食用油是否溶于水實(shí)驗(yàn)器材試管；小勺實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟1.將水分別注入兩個(gè)試管中，并確保水位相同；2．把兩種物質(zhì)分別倒入裝有水的兩個(gè)試管中；3．5分鐘后觀察反應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果橘子汁溶解了，食用油沒(méi)有任何變化參考詞匯：小勺(spoon)；溶解(dissolve)【遣詞造句】(1)遣詞①

實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的

②

查明③

把……倒入…… ④

相等的 ⑤

同時(shí) ⑥

五分鐘后theaim/thepurposeoftheexperimentfindoutatthesametimeo...fiveminuteslaterequal(2)造句①五分鐘后，橘子汁已經(jīng)溶解了，但食用油仍在表面上。(普通表達(dá))Afterfiveminutes,theorangejuicehasdissolved,buttheoilremainsonthesurface.(高級(jí)表達(dá))

(用高級(jí)詞匯later、however改寫上面的句子)②橘子汁在水中很快溶解了，食用油在水中沒(méi)有任何反應(yīng)。(普通表達(dá))Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquickly.Oilishardtodissolveinwater.(高級(jí)表達(dá))

(用并列連詞while把上面的句子改寫成并列句)Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquicklywhileoilishardtodissolveinwater.Fiveminuteslater,theorangejuicehasdissolved.However,theoilremainsonthesurface.【妙筆成篇】

Aim:Tofindoutwhetherorangejuiceandoildissolveinwater.

Apparatus:testtubes;spoons

Procedure:Pourwaterintotwotesttubes.Makesurethewaterlevelisequalineithertube.Putaspoonfuloforangejuiceintoonetube,andaspoonfulofoilintotheother.Putthemintothetubesatthesametime;leavethetubesforfiveminutes.

Result:Fiveminuteslater,theorangejuicehasdissolved.However,theoilremainsonthesurface.

Conclusion:Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquicklywhileoilishardtodissolveinwater.1.electricelectricalelectronicelectricity2.attachattachedattachment3.amazeamazedamazingamazement4.discoverdiscovery5.entireentirely6.proveproof7.admitadmittedadmittedly認(rèn)知詞匯拓展詞匯experimentlightningsuggestfictionestablishconductgenerationapproachquestiongravity

Summary應(yīng)用詞匯1.raise:raiseachild;raisemoney/fund;raiseaquestion;raiseone’shand2.attach:attach...to...;beattachedto;attachimportanceto;attachment3.account:accountfor;oaccount;onaccountof;onnoaccount;giveanaccountof4.amaze:beamazedby/at核心短語(yǔ)1.introduce...to...2.flyakite3.electricshock4.alongwith5.establishthetruth6.contributeto7.neither...nor...8.diefrom9.comeupwith10.morethan同位語(yǔ)從句：...thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.在that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句中，that在從句中不作任何成分，也無(wú)具體意義，只起連接作用，但是一般不能省略；常接同位語(yǔ)從句的抽象名詞有belief、doubt、news、hope、possibility、fact、suggestion等。eg:Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadallovertheschool.重點(diǎn)句式課時(shí)重點(diǎn)回顧Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theyhave

(貼；附)anumberofconditionstotheagreement.2.Wehave

(證據(jù))thatthismandidn'tstealyourcar.3.Thisbookhasgivenusavivid

(描述)ofthelifeinthedesert.4.Theteacherfeltsatisfiedwiththe