【新聞采訪(fǎng)與寫(xiě)作】特稿 看-

新聞采訪(fǎng)寫(xiě)作教程(20)特稿寫(xiě)作上課堂作業(yè)講評(píng)新聞特稿的寫(xiě)作“你是登上長(zhǎng)城的美國(guó)好漢”新華社北京6月28日電當(dāng)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)克林頓第一眼看到中國(guó)的萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城時(shí)，他連聲說(shuō)道:“真美，太壯觀了，簡(jiǎn)直令人驚嘆?！薄拔液茈y想象長(zhǎng)城歷史如此久遠(yuǎn)，城磚都有四百多年歷史，”克林頓星期天站在長(zhǎng)城上說(shuō)?？肆诸D在星期六跟中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人幾輪繁忙的會(huì)晤后，今天換上了墨綠色短袖上裝，米色西褲，看上去更像一個(gè)游客。1972年尼克松總統(tǒng)站在長(zhǎng)城上說(shuō)，“這是一堵偉大的墻?！?984年里根總統(tǒng)爬上長(zhǎng)城后說(shuō)，“令人敬畏，令人神往。”長(zhǎng)城是公元前200年由秦朝（公元前221—前207年）的第一個(gè)皇帝秦始皇開(kāi)始興建的，目的是抵御北方游牧部落的軍隊(duì)侵?jǐn)_秦朝的農(nóng)田。長(zhǎng)城從東海岸一直綿延到西部的隔壁沙漠。北京今天是個(gè)大熱天，氣溫高達(dá)37攝氏度（華氏99度），是入夏以來(lái)氣溫最高的一天。北京東北80余公里的慕田峪翠綠的群山籠罩在一層薄霧中，青灰色的長(zhǎng)城沿山脊蜿蜒而上。慕田峪陡峭的山峰曾是阻礙游牧民族入侵的天然屏障?？肆诸D總統(tǒng)一家是在游覽了曾經(jīng)居住過(guò)中國(guó)明清兩朝（1368—1911）24位皇帝的紫禁城后，興致勃勃地來(lái)到了慕田峪長(zhǎng)城。當(dāng)他們長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的車(chē)隊(duì)抵達(dá)慕田峪山麓腳下后，克林頓一家迎著撲面而來(lái)的熱浪，乘纜車(chē)登上慕田峪長(zhǎng)城。52歲的克林頓同戴著遮陽(yáng)帽的夫人希拉里手拉手攀登到15號(hào)敵樓。慕田峪長(zhǎng)城總長(zhǎng)三千多米，共有22座敵樓，始建于明朝，曾經(jīng)是通往京畿重要的軍事關(guān)隘?！拔艺J(rèn)為長(zhǎng)城是中國(guó)的象征，是向世界展示一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的中華民族的象征，而不再是一道將人們拒之門(mén)外的墻”，他摘下墨鏡對(duì)圍著他采訪(fǎng)照相的中美兩國(guó)記者說(shuō)。照完相，克林頓總統(tǒng)與女兒又攀上前方的16號(hào)敵樓，來(lái)到慕田峪長(zhǎng)城最險(xiǎn)峻的地段。“長(zhǎng)城陡然起伏，比我想象的壯觀得多”，他說(shuō)?！叭绻覀?cè)陂L(zhǎng)城上再往上爬幾個(gè)小時(shí)，我們的身體會(huì)更健壯，”他對(duì)記者說(shuō)。“這對(duì)我是很好的鍛煉，對(duì)你們也是很好的鍛煉。”克林頓總統(tǒng)和他的一家在長(zhǎng)城上游覽了一個(gè)多小時(shí)。他們走下長(zhǎng)城后，在一塊石碑前停留，石碑上鐫刻:“中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城過(guò)去是用來(lái)防御外族侵?jǐn)_的設(shè)施，現(xiàn)在它是團(tuán)結(jié)各國(guó)人民的紐帶，愿中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城繼續(xù)是團(tuán)結(jié)世界各國(guó)人民的象征。”慕田峪長(zhǎng)城管理人員向總統(tǒng)一家贈(zèng)送了慕田峪長(zhǎng)城模型、介紹長(zhǎng)城的畫(huà)冊(cè)和登上長(zhǎng)城的證書(shū)。贈(zèng)送證書(shū)的管理人員借用毛澤東主席“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢”的詩(shī)句對(duì)克林頓總統(tǒng)說(shuō):“您是登上長(zhǎng)城的美國(guó)好漢?！笨肆诸D總統(tǒng)在長(zhǎng)城留言簿上寫(xiě)到:“感謝你們帶我，我的家人和隨行人員游覽長(zhǎng)城。長(zhǎng)城比我們想象的更為輝煌?！保ㄍ辏┬侣勌馗逵址Q(chēng)特寫(xiě)，它與消息或硬新聞的區(qū)別是:硬新聞

5W特稿人情味、娛樂(lè)性、愉悅性新聞事件情緒、氛圍、心情、諷刺、幽默有寫(xiě)作套路沒(méi)有固定的模式,可以發(fā)揮記者的想像最重要的在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)里最重要的內(nèi)容不一定放在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)中,可以在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)中通過(guò)趣聞逸事、小故事、氣氛描寫(xiě)等表現(xiàn)出來(lái)優(yōu)秀的記者需要有一對(duì)靈敏的耳朵去尋找精彩的引語(yǔ)‘一雙敏銳的眼鏡去觀察細(xì)節(jié)。鮮活的場(chǎng)面是通過(guò)記者親眼觀察到的一個(gè)故事,再通過(guò)記者的筆展現(xiàn)給讀者的。In

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AIDSByELISABETHROSENTHAL,《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》,October28,2000ZHENGZHOU,China—TocelebratetheMoonFestivallastmonth,afrailretireddoctornamedGaoYaojiescrapedtogethermoneytohtaxi,packeditfullofmedicines,brochures,sweetdrinksandcakesandsoff,onceagain,fromthisprovincialcapitaltoseepatientsinremotemuvillageswherecountlessfarmersaresilentlydyingofAIDS.ChineseofficialsheregenerallydenythereisAIDSinruralHenanProvince,afarmingregionincentralChinasouthofBeijing.Theyhforbiddenthelocalnewsmediaandgovernmenthealthworkerstodiscussttopicandblockedoutsideresearchersfromstudyingit.Dr.Gao,asmallswomanof76indarkhand-me-downclothes,isregularlychasedoutofthevshegoestohelp.ButDr.GaoandafewothersfamiliarwiththeareasaysmalltownshereandscatteredelsewhereincentralChinaareexperiencinganunreported,unrecognizedAIDSepidemic.AfewcovertstudiessuggestsomthetownshavesomeofthehighestlocalizedratesofH.I.V.infectioninsomesay20percent.BeijingMopsUpAfterMudBathByAndrewBrowneBEIJING(Reuters)-TheskiesrainedmudoverBeijingThursdCloudsoffinebrowndustswirlinginfromInnerMongoliacombinedwiththunderyweathergavetheChinesecapitalamudbath.Mudwascakedoncarsandbicyclesandstreakedontheraincoofresidentsbraveenoughtoventureoutsideunderconditionsthatposedthan-usualhealthhazard.Overnightthunderstormslefttreesdrippingwithbrownslimmud-slickenedstreetsandchokingairgraphicallydemonstratedwhatBeijauthoritieshaveonlyjustpubliclyadmitted--thecityisnowChinapollutedmetropolis.Bysomemeasures,itisoneofthedirtiestcitiesintheworthepastseveralweeksthecityhasstartedpublishingpollutiondata.Beijingregistered190onthelatestnationalweeklypollutindex--exceededonlybyGuiyanginsouthernGuizhouprovince.Thepreviousweek,Beijingtoppedtheindexat259.Bycomparison,Shanghaiwasat170andShenyang,oncethoughttohavethefouairinChina,wasat152.Areadingof100-199issupposedtoindicateslightpollutio299mediumpollutionand300-500heavypollution,butthescaledoesnotcwithinternationalstandardsandisconservative.BeijingisnearthetopoftheWorldBank"slistofpollutedciAccordingtotheBeijingEnvironmentalProtectionBureau,sulphurdioxidatthistimeofyearquintupletofivetimestheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedsafetylevel.Thenewnationalweeklypollutionindexmeasuressuspendedparticles,sulphurdioxideandnitrogenoxide,amongotherpollutants.SuspendedparticlesareaparticularprobleminBeijingatttimeofyearwhencloudsofdustwhippinginfromtheGobidesertminglewiblacksootfromtensofthousandsofhomestovesburningcoalbricks.ResidentscalledintoradiotalkshowsThursdaytocomplainaboutthemuddeluge.Carwashersspinningwetragsatroadsidestoattracattentiondidaroaringtrade.TheChinaDailyThursdaypublishedtheresultsofasurveytshowedthecarbonmonoxidelevelin30downtownstreetswasdoublestate-safetystandards.China"s12millioncarsdischarged10milliontonsofcarbonmonoxideandonemilliontonsofnitrogenoxideeachyear,thepapersaid.ThenumberofcarsinBeijingwasincreasingby15percenteayearandhadnowreached1.2million,itsaid.Beijingplannershavebelatedlyawokenuptothepollutioncrisis.LeadedgaswasbannedinJunelastyear.Sthismonth,spotchecksarebeingcarriedoutonvehicleemissions.Driverswhosevehiclesinfringeenvironmentalgarefined,andforcedtofittheircarswithcatalyticconveVastswathesofforestarebeingplantedtohalttencroachmentoftheGobidesertandhalttheduststorms.AnBeijingplanstousemorenaturalgasinplaceoflow-gradecTheofficialXinhuanewsagencyThursdayreportethatBeijinghadbeenturnedintoa"mudcity."ItquotedDingDeping,anofficialwiththeBeijingMeteorologicalBureauassayingastrongbreezefromnortheInnerMongoliaandtheLoessHighlandshadmadea"surpriseattack"onBeijing.Theforecastisformorestrongw