山東專用2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修1Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero學(xué)案含解析

PAGEUnit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero1．dignityn.莊重；尊貴；高尚2．dutifuladj.盡責(zé)的；忠誠(chéng)的3．a(chǎn)ggressiveadj.有進(jìn)取心的4．hard-workingadj.努力工作的5．modestadj.虛心的；謙遜的6．a(chǎn)mbitiousadj.有雄心壯志的7．thoughtfuladj.考慮周到的8．outspokenadj.直率的；坦誠(chéng)的9．intelligencen.智力；才智；才智10．wisdomn.才智11．distinctionn.差別；區(qū)分；優(yōu)秀；卓越12．brilliantadj.使人印象深刻的；技藝高的13．forgetfuladj.健忘的；不留神的14．giftedadj.有天賦的；有才華的15．talentedadj.有才能的16．qualificationn.資格；學(xué)歷1．devoteoneself/one'slifeto獻(xiàn)身于，用心于2．dreamof幻想3．graduatefrom從……畢業(yè)4．learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)5．makegreatcontributionsto對(duì)……做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)6．makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事7．praisesb.forsth.因某事贊揚(yáng)某人8．regard...as...認(rèn)為……是……9．setagoodexampleto為……做出好榜樣10．thinkhighly/wellof對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià)1．Theprofessor,occupiedwithhiswork,hardlyhadtimetostaywithhisfamily.忙于工作的教授，幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間和家人待在一起。2．Theyarenotonlyexperiencedandknowledgeable,butalsopatientandunderstanding.他們不僅閱歷豐富、學(xué)問(wèn)淵博，而且耐性又善解人意。3．Heholdsanimportantpositioninthecompany.他在公司身居要職。1．Itisofgreatbenefittoshareyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust,whichis_also_beneficial_to_your_mental_health.和你信任的人講解并描述自己的感受好處很大，這同樣有益心理健康。2．It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,_especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.寬恕和寬容也是一種美德，尤其是在這樣充溢競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和壓力的社會(huì)。3．Weareatyourservice.Don't_hesitate_to_turn_to_usifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions.我們樂(lè)意效勞。假如你還有問(wèn)題，要堅(jiān)決果斷地向我們求助。教材單詞寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．qualityn.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的3．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)4．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年時(shí)期6．stagen.舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期7．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n8．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊9．willingadj.樂(lè)意的；自愿的10．unfairadj.不公正的；不公允的11．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露12．begvi.懇求；懇求13．relativen.親戚；親屬14．rewardn.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞15．sentencevt.判決；宣判；判處16．presidentn.總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長(zhǎng)；校長(zhǎng)；行長(zhǎng)17．opinionn.看法；看法；主見(jiàn)Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．a(chǎn)ctiveadj.主動(dòng)的；活躍的→activelyadv.主動(dòng)地；活躍地→activityn.活動(dòng)2．devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；用心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛(ài)的→devotionn.關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)3．peacefuladj.和平的；安靜的；安靜的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen.和平；安靜；和諧4．guidancen.指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidevt.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)n.向?qū)?．violencen.暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地6．equaladj.相等的；同等的→equalityn.同等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公允地7．educatevt.教化；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過(guò)教化的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn.教化→educatorn.教化工作者；教化家8．crueltyn.殘忍；殘酷→crueladj.殘忍的；殘酷的Ⅲ.閱讀單詞1．meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3．easy-goingadj.隨和的；溫柔寬容的4.selflessadj.無(wú)私的；忘我的5．republicn.共和國(guó)；共和政體6.principlen.法則；原則；原理7．mankindn.人類8.lawyern.律師9．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的10．feen.費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金11．quoten.引用語(yǔ)；語(yǔ)錄12.releasevt.釋放；發(fā)行13．terrorn.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)1.(2024·天津卷)Herchildisatthestagewhereshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Themosthopeful(hope)datasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeaceful(peace)sleepwhenyouareveryexcited.4．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thismakesafunactivity(active)forachildren'sparty.—————————————教材短語(yǔ)寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材1.out_of_work失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact事實(shí)上3．blow_up使充氣；爆炸4．in_trouble在危急、受罰、苦痛、憂慮等的境況中5．turn_to求助于；致力于6．lose_heart丟失志氣或信念7．come_to_power當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)8．set_up設(shè)立；建立9．be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)10．be_willing_to_do情愿做某事11．be_free_from/of擺脫……12．in_one's_opinion依……之見(jiàn)1.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)ThebestofaKilimanjaroexperience,in_my_opinion(在我看來(lái)),isn'treachingthetop.2．(2024·北京卷)NowMrAndersonhasset_up(發(fā)起了)anonlinecampaigntoraisemoneyforMrSmithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea.3．(2024·天津卷)Wheneverhisdaughterisin_trouble(遇到麻煩),heisthereforher.教材句式寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材1.關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.第一次見(jiàn)到納爾遜·曼德拉的時(shí)候是我一生中特別艱難的時(shí)期。2．“介詞＋關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyerto_whomIwentforadvice.是在1952年，曼德拉是我去尋求建議的黑人律師。3．thelastthirtyyears與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用Thelastthirtyyearshave_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步。4．關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句Untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.始終到今日，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。5．only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句Only_then_didwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才確定用暴力抗拒暴力。1.(2024·江蘇卷)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembershas_given_ten_performances(已經(jīng)完成了十場(chǎng)演出)inthelastthreemonths.2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The_first_time_I_went_there(我第一次去那里時(shí)),theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andotheranimals.3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Only_when_you_come_to_China_can_you_experience(只有你來(lái)中國(guó)的時(shí)候你才能體驗(yàn))Chinesefoodculture.4．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoParis,where_we_will_visit(在那里我們將參觀)DisneylandParispark.5．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Onlybypractisingpaper-cuttingmorecan_you_learn(你才能學(xué)會(huì))thefolkart.1．表示“人物性格特點(diǎn)”的形容詞①generous慷慨的②energetic有活力的③confident有信念的④creative富有創(chuàng)建力的⑤devoted有獻(xiàn)身精神的⑥enthusiastic充溢熱忱的⑦warm-hearted熱心腸的⑧active主動(dòng)的；活躍的⑨selfless無(wú)私的⑩selfish自私的?mean吝嗇的；小氣的?cruel殘忍的2．動(dòng)詞/形容詞＋-ance后綴變名詞①guide→guidance指導(dǎo)②tolerate→tolerance寬容③ignore→ignorance無(wú)知；愚昧④appear→appearance出現(xiàn)⑤important→importance重要(性)⑥elegant→elegance優(yōu)雅大方3．后綴-ent形容詞與-ence名詞大集合①violent暴力的→violence暴力②silent緘默的→silence緘默③different不同的→difference差異④patient有耐性的→patience耐性⑤confident自信的→confidence信念⑥evident明顯的→evidence證據(jù)⑦intelligent聰慧的→intelligence智力⑧independent獨(dú)立的→independence獨(dú)立4．“動(dòng)詞＋to”短語(yǔ)薈萃①belongto屬于②objectto反對(duì)③referto談到；涉及；參閱④pointto指向⑤turnto求助于；致力于⑥stick/hold/keepto堅(jiān)持；忠于⑦seeto處理；料理⑧cometo共計(jì)；醒悟5．“動(dòng)詞＋up(向上)”短語(yǔ)集錦①pickup撿起②putup舉起；張貼③sendup使上升；放射④riseup起義⑤lookup抬起頭來(lái)看；查閱⑥holdup舉起⑦takeup拿起⑧buildup增加6．lose的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)①loseone'sheartto愛(ài)上某人②loseone'sway迷路③loseone'stemper發(fā)脾氣④loseone'spatience失去耐性7．“as”開頭短語(yǔ)一覽①asamatteroffact事實(shí)上②asaresult結(jié)果③asif/though似乎④asusual按例；照常⑤asfollows如下⑥asismentionedabove如上所說(shuō)高頻詞匯精講1．qualityn．質(zhì)量；本質(zhì)；特性；品質(zhì)；特性Whencostsarecutproductqualitysuffers.一降低成本，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量就會(huì)受到影響。(1)ofgood/highquality質(zhì)量高的ofpoorquality質(zhì)量差的(2)quantityn.數(shù)量(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Theirwineatthepartywasofgoodquality.(2)完成句子Inproduction,wedemandnotonlyquantitybutalsoquality.我們的產(chǎn)品不但要求數(shù)量多，而且要求質(zhì)量高。2．devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；用心于Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.一個(gè)偉人是一個(gè)致力于幫助別人的人。(1)devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……devote...to...把……奉獻(xiàn)于……；把……專注于……(2)devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛(ài)的bedevotedto...用心于……；奉獻(xiàn)于……(3)devotionn.關(guān)愛(ài)；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)[留意]在短語(yǔ)devote...to...中，to為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，類似短語(yǔ)還包括：lookforwardto期盼；getdownto起先著手；be/get/become/growused/accustomedto習(xí)慣于；leadto導(dǎo)致；payattentionto留意；objectto反對(duì)。(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Devoting(devote)herselftoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.②Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.③Frommyfirstjobattherestaurant,Ilearnedteamworkanddevotion(devote)．④Oncemarried,Jodevotedherwholelifetolookingafterchildrenandbeingafull-timehomemaker.(2)文化滲透SongQinglingdevoted_all_her_life_totheChineserevolutionandconstruction.宋慶齡一生致力于中國(guó)的革命和建設(shè)事業(yè)。3.outofwork失業(yè)Hehasbeenoutofworkforayear.他已經(jīng)失業(yè)一年了。outofcontrol失去限制outoffashion過(guò)時(shí)outofpity出于憐憫outoforder出故障outofdate過(guò)時(shí)outofplace不合適outofdanger脫離危急outofquestion沒(méi)問(wèn)題outofthequestion不行能outofsight看不見(jiàn)outofreach夠不到outofcondition身體不佳outofshape走樣；變形完成句子①Becausehehasbeenout_of_workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.因?yàn)樗咽I(yè)數(shù)月，所以這個(gè)年輕人現(xiàn)在倚靠父母生存。②Thecomputerwasout_of_order,_butisfunctionalnow.電腦剛才壞了，但現(xiàn)在可以用了。③Thedictionaryisout_of_fashion/date:_manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.這本詞典已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了：自它出版以來(lái)，很多單詞已被添加到語(yǔ)言中。④Iamafraidthefirewillgetout_of_control,_ifthefiremendonotarrivewithintenminutes.假如消防員未能在10分鐘內(nèi)到達(dá)，我擔(dān)憂這場(chǎng)大火會(huì)失去限制。4.votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.黑人不能投票或選舉他們的領(lǐng)袖。votefor投票贊成voteagainst投票反對(duì)voteon投票表決votetodosth.倡議/建議做某事votethat...提議/建議……(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①ThisprogramisaliveTVshow,soyoucancallthestationdirectlytovoteforyourfavoritesinger.②Thepoliticianwasdeeplyhurtwhenmanyofhisformersupportersvotedagainsthim.③Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.④Idon'tthinkthefinancialministerispopularenoughtopullmanyvotes(vote)atthenextelection.(2)完成句子Allcitizenswhohavereachedtheageofeighteenhavethe_right_to_voteandtostandforelection.全部年滿十八歲的公民，都有選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán)。5.attackvt.&n.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊；(疾病等的)侵害Wechosetoattackthelaws.我們選擇抨擊法律。(1)makeanattackon/against對(duì)……發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊underattack遭到攻擊；遭到抨擊aheartattack心臟病突發(fā)(2)beattackedwith(adisease)患/得(病)beattackedby遭遇攻擊/抨擊單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.②Itshockedhertohearthathergoodfriendwas_attacked(attack)withcancer.6．equaladj.相等的；同等的；勝任的vt.等于；比得上n.同等的人；相等物ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我樂(lè)于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑?，這能幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的黑人與白人同等的幻想。(1)beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/勝任某物/做某事AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵withoutequal無(wú)與倫比(2)equalityn.同等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地(3)表示“勝任……”的其他常見(jiàn)表達(dá)：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor④beadequateto單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youngashewas,Johnwasequaltotheimportanttask.②Hispaintingsarewithoutequalinthewesternworld.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.④Nooneequalshimincourage,aboutwhicheveryoneknows.⑤Leavingasidethebirthrateissue,India'seconomymaytakeoffwhenthecountryachievesequality(equal)ofeducationalopportunity.7．introuble在危急、受罰、苦痛、憂慮等的境況中EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.伊萊亞斯在有麻煩時(shí)去見(jiàn)納爾遜·曼德拉。ask/lookfortrouble自找麻煩；自找苦吃havetroublewithsth.某方面有困難havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難getinto/outoftrouble陷入/擺脫逆境maketrouble惹事；搗亂taketroubletodosth.費(fèi)勁做某事；不辭辛苦地做某事(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Ihavesometroublereading(read)theletterbecausehishandwritingisverybad.②Theyaretakingalotoftroubleto_find(find)therightpersonfortherightjob.③Pleasedon'thesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhavetroublewithyourstudy.④Lauraisalwayslucky,forwheneversheisintrouble,somebodyisreadytolendherahand.(2)完成句子①Asisknowntousall,if_we_are_in_trouble,_itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.眾所周知，假如我們有困難，是摯友而不是手機(jī)可以真正地幫助我們擺脫逆境。②Ifyouplaywithdangerouschemicalslikethatyou'rejustasking_for_trouble.假如你這樣擺布危急的化學(xué)品，你簡(jiǎn)直是在自討苦吃。8.turnto求助于；致力于；翻到；起先從事；轉(zhuǎn)向WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么納爾遜·曼德拉運(yùn)用暴力以使黑人和白人同等呢？turndown降低(力氣、聲音等)；拒絕；不接受turnup開大聲音；出場(chǎng)；露面turnout結(jié)果是；被證明是(不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))；出席；在場(chǎng)turnin上交；歸還turnon打開(煤氣、自來(lái)水、電燈等)turnover考慮；翻過(guò)來(lái)；翻身；移交；翻閱turnagainst背叛turnaway轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去；不準(zhǔn)某人進(jìn)入某處(1)寫出下列句中turnto的含義①Atsuchamidnight,therewasnooneforhertoturnto.求助②Followthemainroaduntilitbranchesandthenturntotheleft.轉(zhuǎn)向③IfyouturntoPage40,youwillfindit.翻到④Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.起先從事(2)完成句子①Youshouldnotalwaysturn_tothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.閱讀中遇到生詞時(shí)，不要老是查詞典。②Wewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyouting,butitturned_outtobeahugedisappointment.我們本想讓這次家庭出游成犯難忘的記憶，但是結(jié)果卻特別令人悲觀。③Tomhadtoturn_downtheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.上周末湯姆不得不拒絕宴會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，因?yàn)樗α?。④Hedidnotfallasleep,turning_overinbedfromtimetotime.他躺在床上翻來(lái)覆去睡不著覺(jué)。9．loseheart灰心；泄氣；丟失信念Weshouldnotloseheartinfaceofdifficulties.Ifweworkhard,wewillfindawayout.我們不應(yīng)在困難面前丟失信念。只要我們努力，就會(huì)找到出路。(1)loseone'shearttosb.愛(ài)上某人putone'sheartinto一心撲在……上learnsth.byheart背誦；記牢……oone'sheart使……刻骨銘心(2)heartandsoul一心一意地fromthebottomofsb.'sheart從某人的心底[留意]loseheart“丟失信念”，之間不能加my,his,her等代詞，為改錯(cuò)題的常考點(diǎn)。完成句子①Whenyoulose_heartyoucanwritesomewordstoencourageyourself.當(dāng)你垂頭喪氣的時(shí)候，不妨寫幾句話激勵(lì)自己。②Thereisanoldsayingthatgoeslikethis,“Nothingistoohardifyouput_your_heart_into_it.”有句老話是這樣說(shuō)的，“心之所愿，無(wú)所不成”。③Shelost_her_heart_tothehandsomesoldierassoonasshesawhiminaparty.在一次舞會(huì)上，她一見(jiàn)到那個(gè)英俊的士兵就愛(ài)上他了。④Thechildrencanrepeatthepoemthey'vejustlearntby_heart.這些孩子能背誦他們剛學(xué)過(guò)的詩(shī)歌。10.escapevt.&vi.逃脫；逃走n.逃脫Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人都逃不出去的監(jiān)獄。(1)escapefrom...從……逃脫；躲避escapedoing/beingdone躲避(被)做某事escapedeath死里逃命anarrowescape九死一生(2)escapedadj.逃跑了的[留意](1)escape本身即為“離開”的意思，后面不需加away或off等。(2)escape意為“被……遺忘；沒(méi)有被……留意到”時(shí)，用sth.escapesb.結(jié)構(gòu)表示，而不是用sb.escapesth.結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hehadanarrowescapeintheexplosion.②Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.③Everypossiblemeanshasbeenused,butthewordsstillescapefromhismemory.④Withthecaptureoftheescaped(escape)tiger,everyonefeltrelieved.(2)熟詞生義Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遺忘11．cometopower當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincePresidentXicametopower.自從習(xí)主席執(zhí)政以來(lái)，中國(guó)已發(fā)生巨大變更。cometopower＝comeintopower當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)inpower當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政[留意]cometo/intopower表動(dòng)作，為短暫性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不行與一段時(shí)間連用；若與一段時(shí)間連用則用beinpower。完成句子Noonein_powerinEuropecanfaceuptothefact.沒(méi)有一個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家的執(zhí)政者能夠面對(duì)這一事實(shí)。12.rewardn.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.他們說(shuō)，從南非新政府得到的這份工作和薪餉，是我畢生為黑人爭(zhēng)取同等權(quán)利所得到的回報(bào)。(1)asarewardfor作為(對(duì)……的)酬勞/獎(jiǎng)賞inreward(for)＝inreturn(for)作為(對(duì)……的)回報(bào)(2)rewardsb.forsth.因某事答謝某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物答謝某人(3)rewardingadj.值得的；有益的；有意義的[辨析比較]reward既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，指對(duì)某人學(xué)習(xí)、工作或服務(wù)等的回報(bào)，意為“報(bào)答，答謝，嘉獎(jiǎng)”award既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)、名譽(yù)等方面的嘉獎(jiǎng)，意為“授予；頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金”prize用作名詞，一般指在競(jìng)賽或一些活動(dòng)中憑實(shí)力或運(yùn)氣所贏的獎(jiǎng)(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Asarewardforherhelp,Isenthersomefreshfruit.②I'dliketodosomethinginrewardforherkindness.③Themanrewardedtheboywith$10forbringingbackthelostdog.④Iftheymeettheseobjectives,theyshouldbe_rewarded(reward)withmorethankindwords.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Youmentionedthatyoucouldteach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.你提到你可以教我英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)，這恰恰正是我想要的。13.setup豎起來(lái)；立起來(lái)；支起；建立；建立；創(chuàng)立SetuplawofficetohelppoorblackpeopleinJohannesburg...成立律師事務(wù)所去幫助約翰內(nèi)斯堡貧困的黑人……setaboutdoingsth.起先做或處理；著手setouttodosth.起先做或處理；著手setaside留出/節(jié)約(時(shí)間或錢)；對(duì)……不予考慮setoff/outfor＋地點(diǎn)動(dòng)身去某地setoff引爆；激發(fā)besetin...以……為背景；故事發(fā)生在……用set短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空①Weset_upanorganizationtoprotecttheenvironment.②You'dbetterset_asidesometimetorelax.③Weset_offfireworkstocelebratethefestival.④Thenovelis_set_inLondoninthe1960s.重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥1．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)ThetownwasfoundedbyEnglishsettlersin1790.這座城鎮(zhèn)是英格蘭移民于1790年建立的。(1)found—founded—founded創(chuàng)建find—found—found找到(2)foundern.創(chuàng)始人；建立者foundationn.基礎(chǔ)；地基；基金會(huì)；創(chuàng)立①TsinghuaUniversity,founded(found)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.②Onedeadchildwas_found(find)intheruinsalmosttwohoursaftertheexplosion.2．a(chǎn)samatteroffact事實(shí)上actually事實(shí)上infact事實(shí)上inreality事實(shí)上；事實(shí)上intruth事實(shí)上；的確As_a_matter_of_fact,_I'veneverbeentherebefore.事實(shí)上，我以前從未到過(guò)那兒。3．blowup使充氣；爆炸；炸毀Afewpeoplewerekilledwhenthebombblewupsuddenly.當(dāng)炸彈突然爆炸時(shí)，有幾個(gè)人被炸死了。turnup出現(xiàn)putup張貼；留宿goup上升makeup化妝；編造；彌補(bǔ)①Besuretoblowupthetyresbeforeyousetoff.②Itoldthekidsastory,makingitupasIwentalong.4．opinionn．看法；見(jiàn)解；信念haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionofsb./sth.對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)好/不好/高/低inone'sopinion＝intheopinionofsb.依……看來(lái)Althoughyouhavelost,in_my_opinion,_youarealwaysthebest!雖然你已經(jīng)失敗了，但在我看來(lái)，你恒久是最好的！典型句式精析1．Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才確定用暴力抗拒暴力。only放在句首修飾狀語(yǔ)(通常是副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句等)時(shí)，句子須要部分倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：only＋狀語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be＋主語(yǔ)＋其他。[留意](1)“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝；(2)only放在句首修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不用倒裝。(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Onlyafterwe'dhadthecarforafewdaysdidwerealizewe'dbeentakeninbythedealer.②Onlyafterwe'velosteverythingare(be)wefreetodoanything.③Onlybyturningtoherfatherforhelpdidthegirlsettletheproblematlast.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Onlyifpeopleofallthecountriesareunitedwill_we_be_able_to_solvetheexistingproblemsintheworld.只有全部國(guó)家的人民團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，我們才能解決世界上存在的問(wèn)題。2.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。(the)lasttime上次……時(shí)bythetime到……為止[留意]forthefirsttime在句中只能用作狀語(yǔ)，不具有連詞功能，不行用來(lái)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenhecameforthefirsttime,Iknewwhathewanted.②Bythetimehewas12,Einsteinhadlearnedadvancedmathematicsbyhimself.(2)完成句子①The_first_timeIinterviewedhim,helookedabitnervous.我第一次采訪他時(shí)，他看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)驚慌。②Every/Each_timeIseetheoldmaninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地讀報(bào)。3.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋了我們的進(jìn)步，始終到今日，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。(1)see意為“見(jiàn)證；目睹；經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí)，常以表示時(shí)代、年頭、世紀(jì)或地點(diǎn)的名詞作主語(yǔ)，表示某時(shí)或某地“目睹、發(fā)生、經(jīng)驗(yàn)”了某事(2)與see用法相同的動(dòng)詞有find,witness,say,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，用物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示一種擬人的手法，以增加語(yǔ)言色調(diào)，使表達(dá)更形象單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyear1949saw(see)thefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.②Theseancientbuildingshave_witnessed(witness)therapidgrowthofthecityaswellasthegrowthofthiscountryovertheyears.4．HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成為第一位登上月球的人。本句型為不定式作定語(yǔ)(1)當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)及theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)(2)tocome將來(lái)的；tospare剩余的。這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)常放在時(shí)間名詞后面作后置定語(yǔ)(3)作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞假如是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞單句語(yǔ)法填空①In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomanto_win(win)theNobelPeacePrize.②Thecaptainisthelastto_leave(leave)theship.Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．I'dliketothankmyfriend,who'sbeenverygenerous(慷慨的)withhistime.2．Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions(看法)aboutopeneducation.3．Ifyouareinterestedinbuyingcolouredbusinesscardsofhighquality(質(zhì)量)atareasonableprice,youneedtousetheInternet.4．Maggiethoughtitwasunfair(不公正的；不公允的)thatwomenwerenotallowedtoreceiveeducation.5．Childrenshouldlearnandobeytheprinciples(原則)oftheschoolfirst.6．ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded(成立)in1949.7．Therelatives(親屬)ofthepassengersonthatmissingplanewerewaitinganxiouslyfornews.8．I'dliketobuyyourhouseifyouarewilling(樂(lè)意的)tosellit.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(懷有希望的)．10．Girlsshouldhavetherighttobeeducated(教化)atschoolasboysdo.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Herdevotion(devote)tothejobleftherwithverylittletime.2．Russiawonthebidforthe2024WorldCupbecausetheygotthemostvotes(vote)．3．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.4．Theysucceededinescaping(escape)fromtheburningbus,whichwasaterribleexperience.5．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.6．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.7．Theenemyplanesattacked(attack)thecity,causingmanydeaths.8．Afterretiringfromthebasketballfield,YaoMingdecidedtogetfurthereducation(educate)inShanghai9．Ipromisethatyouwillbe_rewarded(reward)forprovidingusefulinformationaboutthemissingchild.10．Somestudentswillactively(active)answerteachers'questionswhileothersjustkeepsilentwhenaskedanyquestion.11．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.12．TheVoiceofChinahassetupastagewheresomepeoplecanrealizetheirdreams.13．Hewasinvolvedinabankrobberyandwassentencedtosixyearsinprison.14．Hewasthefirstmanto_explore(explore)theouterspace.15．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.Ⅲ.選詞填空cometopower，asamatteroffact，setup，introuble，inone'sopinion，turnto，loseheart，outofwork1．Don'tlose_heart.Everyonemaymakemistakesattimes.2．Mostpeoplethinkthatthingshavechangedforthebettersincethenewgovernmentcame_to_power.3．Heset_uphisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.4．Iknewwewerein_troublewhentheelevatorstopped.5．In_my_opinion,_itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.6．As_a_matter_of_fact,_thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdayistrue.7．Sinceyouareout_of_work,_itistimeyoulearnednewskills.8．Withnoonetoturn_toinsuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Idon'tremembertheexactdateImetMartyfor_the_first_time.我不記得我第一次見(jiàn)到馬蒂的準(zhǔn)確日期。2．Itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved,buthewillneverlose_heart.似乎他一事無(wú)成，但他從不泄氣。3．AsfarasIknow,thisstadiumhas_seen/witnessedmanythrillingfootballgamesinthepastfewyears.據(jù)我所知，過(guò)去幾年在這座體育場(chǎng)里進(jìn)行過(guò)很多激烈人心的足球競(jìng)賽。4．Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscan_we_make_a_differenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.只有我們言行一樣，才能對(duì)所做的事情有所貢獻(xiàn)。5．The_first_timeImetTom,heseemedtobeallergictoeverything.我第一次見(jiàn)到湯姆時(shí)，他似乎對(duì)一切都很敏感。Ⅴ.課文回顧Elias,a