2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)分層作業(yè)3Unit1GreatscientistsSectionⅢⅣ含解析新人教版必修5

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(三)SectionⅢ、Ⅳ(建議用時(shí)：40分鐘)[語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)練習(xí)固基礎(chǔ)]單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Hehasmadeanimportantcontribution(contribute)tothecompany'ssuccess.2．Hewasverystrictwithhimselfwhenhewasyoung.3．Thetradeunionmovement(move)isconcernedwithworkingconditions.4．Weexplainedourplansandhewasveryenthusiastic(enthusiasm)aboutthem.5．Thebridgeunderconstruction(construct)willbeopentothepublicnextyear.6．Itisuniversally(universe)knownthattheearthisround.7．Shewasinstructedtoactwithcaution(cautious)．8．Over2，000peoplewereinattendance(attend)atyesterday'sdemonstration.[高考題型練習(xí)提實(shí)力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThesedays，NorthKickapooStreetinShawnee，Oklahoma，isafour-laneroadleadingouttothehighway，andlinedwithallkindsofplacestoeatandshop.Butinthemid-1950s，itwasjustagravel(砂礫)countryroad，theperfectplaceforourdaddiestoteachushowtodrive.Wedidn'thavedriver'seducationatShawneeHighSchool.Wewereonourown.Momtookmetopickupaninstructionhandbook.Iwastheoldestofmyfriends，sowewereexcitedattheprospectofawholenewworldopeningup.We'dhavefreedomtogetaround.Bestofall，wecouldgototheStarliteDrive－Intheateron50-cents-a-carloadnight.We'dhaveitmade.Momletmebackour1949Fordoutofthegarageafewtimestogetusedtotheclutch(離合器)andgearshift(變速排擋桿)．Igotfamiliarwiththemotionbutwashardlyreadyformyroadtest.Finally，thedaycameforDaddytogivemeareallesson.HedroveouttotheendofthepavedsectionofKickapooStreetandacrosstowherethegravelstarted.Mydaddyhadcomefromafamilyof10，andtheyhadbeenfarmersinapoorareainOklahoma.Therewasonlyonewaytodothings，andthatwastherightway.Praiseswererare，sowhenheexpressedhisapprovalitwasspecial.Ididn'twanttoexperiencehisglareifIgroundtheclutchorthecarshookasItriedtogetitgoing.Itookadeepbreath，slowlyletouttheclutch，pushedthestickintosecondgear，easeddowntheroad，andthencarefullymovedintothirdgear.HehadmestopandrepeattheproceduretwoorthreemoretimesuntilIcametotheendofthesection.IwasfeelingprettygoodasIcametoastopandlookedtoDaddyforapproval.Heglaredatmeandthenbarked，“You'vebeendriving，haven'tyou？”HemusthavethoughtI'dbeenpracticinginsomebodyelse'scar.IquicklyexplainedthatmytrainingwasalldoneontheFord.Thatwas60yearsago.Icanstillseethenodhegavemewhenhesaid，“Well，youdidagoodjob.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了作者是如何學(xué)開(kāi)車(chē)的，并介紹了他父親教他學(xué)開(kāi)車(chē)的經(jīng)過(guò)。1.Howdidtheauthorlearntodriveatthebeginning?A．Hewastaughtbyhismother.B．HewastaughtatShawneeC．Helearnedtodrivewiththehelpofhisfather.D．Hetaughthimselfbyaninstructionhandbook.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Wewereonourown.Momtookmetopickupaninstructionhandbook.”可知，作者最初是通過(guò)自學(xué)了一本教學(xué)手冊(cè)起先學(xué)習(xí)開(kāi)車(chē)的。]2．WhileDaddywasteachinghim，theauthoroperatedcarefullyto．A．passtheroadtestB．showhisdrivingskillC．a(chǎn)voidmakinghimangryD．stopthecarbeingdamagedC[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中“Ididn'twanttoexperiencehisglareifIgroundtheclutchorthecarshookasItriedtogetitgoing.”可知，當(dāng)爸爸在教他的時(shí)候，作者當(dāng)心翼翼是為了避開(kāi)他生氣。]3．WhydidDaddyglareattheauthorwhenhestopped?A．Hethoughthehadbeencheated.B．Somethingwaswrongwiththecar.C．Hewasdisappointedathisson'sdrivingskill.D．Thesondidn'toperateproperlywhiledriving.A[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第七、八段中“Heglaredatmeandthenbarked，‘You'vebeendriving，haven'tyou？’”和“HemusthavethoughtI'dbeenpracticinginsomebodyelse'scar.IquicklyexplainedthatmytrainingwasalldoneontheFord.”可知，當(dāng)他停下來(lái)的時(shí)候，爸爸認(rèn)為他被騙了所以瞪著作者。]4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaddy'scharacter?A．Untalkative. B．Strict.C．Bad-tempered. D．Helpful.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Thatwas60yearsago.Icanstillseethenodhegavemewhenhesaid，‘Well，youdidagoodjob.’”可知，Daddy是嚴(yán)格的。]BOnemorning，morethanahundredyearsago，anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.Thoughhewastired，Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso，Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.ThekingflewintothecageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream，realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle，heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecentreoftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison，theinventoroftheelectriclight，saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowthevalueofdreams，youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen，apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(無(wú)意識(shí)的)，butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartofthebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However，theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講了很多獨(dú)創(chuàng)源于科學(xué)家夢(mèng)中的靈感。夢(mèng)有時(shí)被稱(chēng)為“我們自己的隱私信息”，因?yàn)轶@奇的影像被用于溝通想法。5．TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas．A．whatkindofthreadtouseB．howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakC．wheretoputtheneedleD．howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedleD[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在其次段“Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.”可知Howe努力解決的問(wèn)題是怎樣解決線(xiàn)不斷地被針卡住，故選D。]6．ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause．A．healsotriedtoinventasewingmachineB．hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC．hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriendsD．healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleepB[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第四段“ThomasEdison，theinventoroftheelectriclight，saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.”可知談到托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生是因?yàn)樗麖膲?mèng)中獲得了一些創(chuàng)建的靈感，故選B。]7．Dreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”because．A．strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideasB．imageswhichhavenomeaningareusedC．wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaningD．onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthemA[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在最終一段“Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled‘secretmessagestoourselves’．”可知夢(mèng)有時(shí)被稱(chēng)為“我們自己的隱私信息”是因?yàn)轶@奇的影像被用于溝通想法，故選A。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。所續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。IjustfinishedreadingastoryaboutaschooladministratorwhowasonceamiddleschoolteacherinalargeAmericancity.Shehadalife-changingexperiencethatIcanidentifywith.Afterdinneroneevening,shewaswaitingtogetontheelevatorandwhenthedoorsopened,shewasfacetofacewithaformerstudentwhoshehadmadeleaveschool.Thestudentwasnotallowedtoreturnandnow,severalyearslater,shewasfacedwiththesamestudent.HehadbroughtaBBguntoschool.Therewerezerotolerancerulesinplacessuchastheschool.ABBgun,thoughnotadeadlyweapon,couldstilldoalotofbodilyharmandperhapsitcouldbedangerous.Thefactis,theschoolwasnotaplaceforittobebrought.Thestudentwasexpelled(開(kāi)除)andtoldnottocomeback.Sheandthestudent,immediatelyrecognizedeachotherandheofferedapleasantgreetingtoherashesteppedoutoftheelevator.HehadinfactjoinedthemilitaryacademyandwasabouttotaketheSATtoentercollege.Shewasthankfulthathislifehadnotgoneinadifferentdirectionandthathewasn'tinjail.Hehadapositiveoutlookonhislifeandaplantopursuesomethinggoodinhisfuture.Yesterday,Iwasinagrade1highschoolclassteachingTOEFLSpeaking.Tonywassittinginthefirstrow.InoticedbeforeclassthatTonyhadslightlykickedadeskandwasobviouslyupsetaboutsomething.IalsoknowthathehasagirlfriendintheclassandIquicklyconcludedthatthey'dhadanargument.Iknowthatitissillyofhimtoactthatwayorperhapsevenhaveagirlfriendatthatage.Nevertheless,hedidsoandthislittledramawasunfoldingevenbeforeclassbegan.Paragraph1：Iwasalsosensitivetothefactthathepossiblywasn'treadytostandupandanswertheTOEFLquestionsI'dposedtotheclass.Paragraph2：I'vebeenateacherlongenoughtobeabletoreadthestudentsintheclassroomsoIknewheneededsometimetorelaxandcooldownbeforeIcalledonhim.【參考范文】Paragraph1：Iwasalsosensitivetothefactthathepossi