Unit 4 《Reading for Writing》課件2023-2024學年高一上學期英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingforWriting【文本研讀】Ⅰ.文本整體理解:快速瀏覽文章1.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybeseen?A.Amonthlymagazine.B.Adailynewspaper.C.Atravelbrochure.D.agovernmentwebsite.答案:B2.Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.A.TheseriousdamagetoSouthAsia.B.Thetsunamicausedbyanearthquakeanditsdamage.C.Thefollowingeffectandtherescue.Paragraph1

______Paragraph2 ______Paragraph3 ______

B

A

C

Ⅱ.文本細節(jié)理解:關注特色表達1.Onwhichdaydidthetsunamihappen?A.December27.

B.December26.C.OnMonday. D.OnTuesday.2.Wheredidtheearthquakehappen?A.AlongthecoastlineacrossAsia.B.OffthewestcoastofSumatraIsland.C.OnthesoutherncoastofIndia.D.InthesouthernThailand.3.HowmanydeathscausedbythetsunamiinIndonesiawerementionedinthisreport?A.About2,498 B.Asmanyas1,900.C.Morethan4,300 D.Morethan4,700.4.Whichistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Thetsunamiwascausedbythemostpowerfulearthquakeever.B.TheearthquakestruckrightonSumatraIsland.C.Foreignaidcan’treachthedamagedareabecauseofthedangerouscondition.D.ThesoutherncoastofIndiawasaffectedbythetsunamiaswell.答案:1~4.BBBD【概要寫作】題型介紹概要寫作,簡言之就是對所讀過的文章簡要概括,寫出文章的中心大意,也可稱之為摘要。所選材料體裁沒有限制,以說明文、議論文和記敘文為主。所需閱讀的短文詞數(shù)在350以內(nèi)?！緦懽髦笇А俊緦懽鞑襟E】1.分析文本的結構;2.尋找各段的中心句;3.用自己的語言轉述各段的中心句。【寫作要求】1.對原文要點的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況;2.應用語法結構和詞匯的準確性;3.上下文的連貫性;4.對各要點表達的獨立性情況;5.詞數(shù)60詞左右?！緦懽髂０濉?.描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功能。即“對象+性質(zhì)功能+利弊”:(inthepassage)thewriterintroduces...tous,especiallyits...,fromwhichweknow...2.針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施。即“問題+解決方法”:Thepassagetellsus...Sotheauthortellsushowto...,including...

3.介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因、結果。即“現(xiàn)象+原因+結果”:Theauthortalksabout...Itiscausedby...Asaresult(consequently),...【知識延伸】1.概要應包括原文中的主要事實,略去不必要的細節(jié)。2.安排好篇幅的比例,概要應同原文保持協(xié)調(diào),即用較多的文字寫重要內(nèi)容,用較少的文字寫次要內(nèi)容。3.注意要點之間的銜接,要用適當?shù)年P聯(lián)詞語貫通全文,切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每兩句之間都加關聯(lián)詞語,以免顯得生硬。4.不排斥用原文的某些詞句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的話語表達,至少對原文句子做一些同義詞替換,如果結構上也能有一些轉換會更好。5.計算詞數(shù),看是否符合規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求?！镜漕}演練】閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryⅣ,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

Thoughthebeliefinthemerit(好處)ofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫學家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatter(后者)positionisgainingsomeground.【謀篇】(一)要點連接分析并總結各段落的要點之后,要把這些要點用適當?shù)倪B接詞進行連接,使上下句之間具有連貫性。本篇文章是總分的結構,要點2和要點3在觀點上截然相反,因此需要表示轉折的連接詞,范文用了However恰到好處。要點3和要點4在觀點上又存在不同,因此,使用表轉折的副詞though,而不再用However,可以避免三句話內(nèi)出現(xiàn)兩次However。(二)關鍵詞匯第一段:fixed(固定的;不變的);第二段:means(手段,方法),blockout(擋住),openup(打開),upon(……之后;立即);第三段:long-lived(長期存在的),selltheidea(說服某人接受某個觀點);第四段:warnsb.off(警告某人不要靠近),position(觀點),gainsomeground(取得優(yōu)勢)。以上這些關鍵詞對于整篇文章的理解與轉化成自己的語言都很關鍵,如果不能準確領會其用意,語篇理解的效果會大打折扣。所以,概要寫作的基礎是理解語篇,而讀懂語篇的基礎是詞匯,尤其是對關鍵詞匯的掌握與運用。在此基礎上,綜合運用語法與句法結構,按照行文邏輯組織語言,形成概要。要點分析1.文章第一段的最后一句是本篇文章的主題句,亮明了總的觀點:However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.換句話說:Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirt.再結合下文談到的主題可知Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirtontheskin.要點1“Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.”概括非常精煉。2.第二段主要談到了在16世紀,人們認為dirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,尤以英、法兩國的貴族為代表。結合第三段第一句Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversince18thcentury.可知,直到18世紀之前,人們都認為dirt是很“友好的”,有助于預防疾病。要點2“Foralongtimeinhistory,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.”很好地總結了這些要點。3.第三段用Though引出人們對dirt觀點的轉變“...sincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.”再結合本段最后一部分Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea...可得出要點3“However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.”4.文章最后一段第一句指出,現(xiàn)在人們對于dirt的態(tài)度還是有所不同,Onthecontrary引出專家的觀點,一位免疫學家認為dirt有助于增強免疫系統(tǒng)。這一觀點獲得了一些支持。要點4“Somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem,though.”表達很恰當。【成篇】

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.(要點1)Foralongtimeinhistory,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.(要點2)However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudesto_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

dirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.(要點3).Somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem,though.(要點4)1.supplyn.[pl.]補給品;供應(量);補給vt.供應;供給*Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.詞匯復現(xiàn)

提供給災區(qū)的物資是從全國各地籌集來的。*Theheartoftheproblemissupplyanddemand.問題的核心是供求關系。*Thereisagoodsupplyofbooksinthecupboard.櫥柜里有許多書。*Nowwesupplypowertonine-tenthsofthecity’shomes.現(xiàn)在我們向這個城市十分之九的家庭提供電力。*Thecompanysupplieduswithmoneyfortheproject.公司為我們提供款項來做那項工程?！菊Z塊積累】(1)supplyanddemand供求關系agood/largesupplyof許多把某物提供/供應給某人/某處【即學活用】(1)Howlongwillour___________holdout?我們的儲糧還能維持多久?(2)Thatshophas_______________shoes.那家商店貯存有大量的鞋子。foodsuppliesalargesupplyof(3)We_________________moneyandclothes.我們供給他們金錢和衣服。(4)Inourcitymilk____________eachhouseinbottle.在我們的城市,供應給各戶的牛奶是瓶裝的。suppliedthemwithissuppliedto2.survivevi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艱難度過*Isitenoughtohavesurvivedforalongtime?只是存在的時間長就足夠了嗎?*Ofallthemuseum’spaintings,onlyonesurvivedthefire.此次火災中,該博物館的全部藏畫僅有一幅幸免于難。*Theycansurviveonverylittlemoney.他們用很少的錢就可以生存。*Therewasonlyonesurvivorfromtheplanecrash.這次飛機失事只有一個幸存者。*Weneedfoodandwaterforsurvival.我們?yōu)榱松嫘枰澄锖退！菊Z塊積累】(1)survivesth.幸免于;從……中挺過來/活過來surviveon 依靠……生存下來(2)survivor n.幸存者survival n.[U]幸存;[C]殘存物【熟詞生義】*Hediedin1940,buthiswifesurvivedhimbyanother20years. (

)他在1940年去世,但他的妻子比他多活了20年。vt.比……活得長【名師點津】

survive易錯誤區(qū)survive表示“幸免于”時,是及物動詞,因而不要加多余的介詞in,from等。【即學活用】語境填詞 (1)Itisnecessarythatwemastersomebasicskills,whichwillgreatlyincreaseourchancesof_______.Luckily,I________theterriblecarcrashlastweekandIwastheonly________oftheaccident.(survive)survivalsurvivedsurvivor(2)Theoldladysurvived___averylimiteddiet,butshesurvivedherhusband___tenyears.

onby3.aidn.援助;幫助;救援物資vi.&vt.幫助;援助*Amanimmediatelyrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidwithouthesitation.一位男士毫不猶豫地沖過去對那女孩進行急救。*Icouldn’tspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaidandtoldmehowtogo.我不會說法語,但是一位好心的男士來幫助我并告訴我怎么走。*Wemaytravelwiththeaidofagoodmap.我們可以靠著好的地圖旅行。*Hewasdeterminedtoaidthepoorboyincontinuinghisstudy.他決定要幫助這個可憐的男孩繼續(xù)他的學業(yè)。*Hermotheraidedhertodress.她母親幫她穿衣服?！菊Z塊積累】(1)givesb.firstaid對某人進行急救performfirstaid 施行急救come/gotoone’said 幫助某人withtheaidof 在……的幫助下(2)aidsb.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面幫助某人aidsb.withsth. 以某事/物幫助某人aidsb.todosth. 幫助某人做某事【即學活用】語法填空(1)_____theaidofourEnglishteacher,wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.(2)Tom’suncleaidedhim__gettinganewjob.

Within(3)Adictionarycanaidhim_______(learn)Englishwell.

(4)Theyaidedthepoor____foodandclothes.tolearnwith4.strikevi.&vt.侵襲;突擊;擊打n.

罷工;罷課;襲擊*Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00amSundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.這場海底地震于星期天早上大約7點在印度尼西亞的蘇門答臘島西海岸爆發(fā)。*ItstruckmethatIwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday.我突然想起來我明天在上海有一個重要的會議。*Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthetouristarea.游客被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。*Tomstruckhislittlesisterintheface.湯姆打了他小妹妹的臉。*Theworkersdecidedtogoonstrikeforhigherpay.工人們決定為爭取更高的工資而罷工。【語塊積累】(1)Itstrikes/strucksb.that...(某人)突然想到……bestruckby 被……打動/迷住了strike...intoone’sheart 使……刻骨銘心strikesb.+介詞+the+身體部位 打某人的某處(2)beonstrike 在罷工goonstrike 舉行罷工【熟詞生義】Myheartstruckheavilywhenitwasmyturntoanswerthequestions. (

)當輪到我回答問題時,我的心怦怦直跳。vi.心跳【即學活用】(1)_______________thephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong.我忽然想到我告訴他們的電話號碼是錯的。(2)Iftheinterestsoftheworkersarenotconsidered,they’ll___________nextweek.如果工人的利益得不到考慮,下周他們會繼續(xù)罷工。Itstruckmethatgoonstrike(3)_________strongflood,theareafacedwaterandelectricityshortage. 受到洪水的襲擊,這個地區(qū)面臨著缺水和停電。Struckby5.delivervt.&vi.遞送;傳達vt.發(fā)表*Thepostmanatlastdeliveredtheletterwehadbeenwaitingfor.郵遞員總算把我們盼望已久的信送到了。*Heearnedhislivingbydeliveringlecturesthroughoutthecountry.他靠在全國各地巡回演講謀生。*Wehadabigdeliveryofbooksyesterday.昨天我們收到大批訂購的書?！菊Z塊積累】(1)deliversth.tosb.把某物傳遞給某人deliveraspeech/lecture 發(fā)表演說(2)delivery n.遞送;交付【熟詞生義】*Shewassafelydeliveredofaboyintheearlyhoursofthismorning. (

)她今天清晨順利生下一個男孩。vt.接生【名師點津】拒絕雙賓語的deliver

deliver后不接雙賓語,即不能說deliversb.sth.,只能說deliversth.tosb.。【即學活用】(1)Theheadmaster__________________________atthemeetingyesterday.在昨天的會議上校長發(fā)表了重要演說。(2)Please____________________mymother.請把這個包裹交給我母親。deliveredanimportantspeechdeliverthispackageto(3)He________________tothestudents.他給學生們開辦了一次講座。

deliveredalecture6.effectn.影響;結果;效果*Therainhashadaverybadeffectonthecrops.這場雨極其嚴重地影響了莊稼(的生長)。*Thetwomethodsareineffectofthesame.這兩個方法實際上是一樣的。*TheactwaspassedbyCongressandcameintoeffectinAugust,1980.這項法令由國會通過,于1980年8月實施。*Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.這藥治頭痛療效很好?！菊Z塊積累】(1)haveaneffecton/upon對……產(chǎn)生影響comeintoeffect 生效takeeffect 生效ineffect 事實上;實際上sideeffect 副作用(2)effective adj.有效的;有影響的【即學活用】用effect的相關短語填空(1)Themedicine__________________yourdisease.

這藥物對你的病療效很大。(2)Hisreplyis_______anapology.

他的答復事實上是一種道歉。hadagreateffectonineffect(3)Thesporthasa_________onchildren.

這項運動對兒童有副作用。(4)Thenewtaxlawwillnot_______________________untilJanuary.

新稅法到1月份才生效。sideeffecttakeeffect/comeintoeffect7.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.

我和我的三個孩子正在吃飯,這時水開始溢進我的家里?！揪涫浇鈽嫛吭摼涫綖閎edoing...when...結構,表示:“正在做……,這時突然……”,when為并列連詞,表示“這時;突然”,相當于andatthis/thattime。*Jackwasdoingsomeshoppinginasupermarketwhentheearthquakehappened.杰克正在超市購物,突然發(fā)生了地震?！局R拓展】beabouttodo...when...正要做……這時……beonthepointofdoing...when... 正要做……這時……h(huán)ad(just)done...when... 剛做完……這時……*Theywereabouttogiveup/onthepointofgivingupwhentheteacherencouragedthemtocontinue.他們快要放棄努力時,老師鼓勵他們繼續(xù)下去。*Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.昨天她剛做完作業(yè),她媽媽就讓她練習彈鋼琴?！炯磳W活用】句式仿寫(1)約翰正在房間里學習,這時他聽到了一聲尖叫。John____________inhisroom_____heheardscreaming.

(2)我正想著這件事,突然聽到有人叫我的名字。______________________________________________wasstudyingwhenIwasthinkingofthiswhenIheardmynamecalled.

【要點拾遺】1.eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆發(fā);(巖漿、煙等)噴出*Anactivevolcanomayeruptatanytime.活火山隨時可能噴發(fā)。詞匯復現(xiàn)*Theirtalkeruptedintoquarrel.他們的談話突然變成爭吵。*Steameruptedfromthegeyser.蒸汽從熱水鍋爐里冒出?！菊Z塊積累】(1)eruptinto突然變?yōu)?發(fā)展成eruptfrom 從……噴出(2)eruption n.爆發(fā),噴發(fā)【即學活用】語法填空(1)Laughtererupted_____theaudience.(2)It’smanyyearssinceMountVesuviuslast_______(erupt).(3)Then,withoutwarning,sheerupts____laughter.(4)Hisdeathcausedan________(erupt)ofangerandviolence.

fromeruptedintoeruption2.powern.電力供應;能量;力量;控制力*Thenewpresidentcameintopowerlastmonth.新總統(tǒng)上個月開始執(zhí)政。*Theraisingof5,000yuanfortheschoolwasataskbeyondtheirpower.要為學?；I集五千塊錢是一項超出他們能力的任務。*Ourcountryhasneverbeensopowerfulasitistoday.我們的國家從未像今天這樣強大?！菊Z塊積累】(1)cometo/intopower上臺;開始執(zhí)政inpower 掌權,執(zhí)政inone’spower 在某人的能力范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofone’spower 超出某人能力范圍electricpower 電力powerstation 發(fā)電站powerfailure 停電(2)powerful adj.強大的;有影響力的;有勢力的powerless adj.無力的;無權的;無效能的【名師點津】短暫的cometopowercometo/intopower是表示短暫性動作的短語,在完成時態(tài)的句子中,不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,可以換成beinpower。例如:他上臺執(zhí)政已5年了。①Hecameintopowerfiveyearsago.②Hehasbeeninpowerforfiveyears.③Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehecameintopower.

【即學活用】用power的相關短語填空(1)Suchthingsare_____________________.

這些事不在我力所能及的范圍之內(nèi)。(2)Thenewpresidenthasbeen________forsixmonths.

新總統(tǒng)執(zhí)政六個月了。beyond/outofmypowerinpower(3)Assoonastheirparty_______________theychangedthelaw.

他們的黨一上臺,他們就開始修改法律。(4)Thetownwasblackedoutdueto____________.

這個城鎮(zhèn)由于停電變得一片漆黑。cameintopowerpowerfailure3.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的;沉著的vt.

使平靜;使鎮(zhèn)靜*Thefamousdoctorisgoingtosetouttoperformtheoperation,sopleasekeepcalm.那位著名的醫(yī)生就要開始做手術,因此請保持鎮(zhèn)靜。*Themusicmadethemcalmer,andtheirtalkwasmuchbetter.音樂讓他們更鎮(zhèn)靜了,他們的談話也更順暢了。*Whenthenursecameinthecryingbabycalmeddownverysoon.當護士進來時,那個哭泣的嬰兒很快安靜下來?！菊Z塊積累】keep/staycalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜calmdown 使平靜下來【知識拓展】calm“風平浪靜的”,指人時,表示鎮(zhèn)定自如。quiet“寧靜的,安靜的,寂靜的”側重沒有聲響,沒有噪音和動靜,指人時側重性格溫和、文靜。silent“沉默的,不說話的”,常表示人不愛說話,沉默無語。still“不動的”,指人時側重一動不動,指物時表示完全沒有聲音,突出靜止不動?！炯磳W活用】用calm的相關短語填空(1)Itisveryimportantto_________whenanearthquakebreaksout.

當?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時,保持鎮(zhèn)定是非常重要的。(2)Ifyoudon’t__________,you’regoingtohaveaheartattack.

你如果不平靜下來,就會心臟病發(fā)作。keepcalmcalmdown【拓展訓練】選詞填空(calm/quiet/silent/still)(1)Hewas_____foramoment,thenbeganhisanswer.

(2)Ikepttellingmyselftokeep_____beforethespeaking.

silentcalm(3)Itisbecausehisfeetmoveon,buthisheadstays____.(4)Thosebooksmustbemovedagain,whilethecitywas_____.stillquiet4.onhand現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)*Thedepartmentwillhaveexpertsonhandtogiveyouallthehelpyouneed.這個部門將有現(xiàn)成的專家給你提供你需要的所有幫助。*Theexaminationsareathand,heisverynervous.考試在即,他很緊張。*Iheardaboutitatfirsthandfrommyneighbour.我是直接從我的鄰居那里聽來的。*Hebroughtupthechildbyhand.那孩子是他親手帶大的。*Wemustdealwiththesituationbeforeitgetsoutofhand.我們應在局面變得無法控制前找到對策。*Thechildrenwalkdownthestreethandinhand.孩子們手拉手在街上散步?！緦D理詞】【即學活用】根據(jù)語境猜測詞義(1)Soonschoolwillendandthesummervacationwillbeathand. ()(2)Wewishedtoobtaininformationatfirsthand.()(3)Let’spickofftheinsectsbyhand.()即將到來第一手地用手(4)Theboyisgettingoutofhand. ()(5)Theoryshouldgohandinhandwithpractice.()(6)Ontheotherhand,manywomenchoosetogoouttowork. ()無法控制聯(lián)合起來另一方面5.sweepaway消滅;徹底消除*Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.漁民、游客、旅館,家園以及汽車都被地震引起的巨大海浪沖走了。*Theysaytheywillsweepawaythemethodsandintroducenewones.他們說要廢除這些方法而采用新方法。【語塊積累】【即學活用】(1)Thefloods__________partofthebank.

洪水沖垮了一部分堤岸。(2)Thewind___________________.

風吹走了樹葉。sweptawayswepttheleavesaway(3)Thebridge______________bythefloods.

橋被洪水沖走了。wassweptaway6.standatsth.達到特定(數(shù)量、高度等)*InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeaths

stoodat2,498.在斯里蘭卡震中以西約1600千米處,死亡人數(shù)高達2498人。詞匯復現(xiàn)*Hejuststoodasideandallowedittohappen.他只是冷眼旁觀,允許它發(fā)生。*Onewhostandsbyyouintimesoftroubleisyourtruefriend.困難時幫助你的人才是真正的朋友。*Inthissecretcodeeachnumberstandsforaletterofthealphabet.在這組密碼中,每個號碼代表字母表中的一個字母?！菊Z塊積累】standaside站到一邊standby 站在旁邊,袖手旁觀;支持,支援standbehind 支持standfor 代表,表示standout 顯眼,引人注目;超群,優(yōu)秀【即學活用】用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空(1)Ihopeyoudon’texpectmejusttostand_____.(2)We’vegottostand_________theminthisstruggle.(3)Thissymbolstands___strengthandintegrity.

(4)Herbrightredhairmadeherstand___fromtheothers.asidebehind/byforout7.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.

然而,危險的環(huán)境和被毀的道路將使得食物和用品很難送達。【句式解構】本句為簡單句,其結構為:主語+make+it+adj.+forsb.+todo,其中it為形式賓語,adj.作賓語補足語,真正賓語為后面的動詞不定式短語,for用來引出不定式的邏輯主語。*Themoneymadeitpossibleforhimtotravelabroad.這筆錢使得他出國旅行成為可能。*Iwillmakeiteasierforpeopletousecomputers.我要讓人們更容易地使用電腦?！局R拓展】“make+賓語+賓語補足語”結構(1)make+賓語+名詞*Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.大多數(shù)流行歌手把音樂當作他們的職業(yè)。(2)make+賓語+形容詞*Hissuccessmadehismotherveryhappy.他的成功讓母親很開心。(3)make+賓語+不帶to的不定式*Nobodymadeusgotobedatacertaintime.沒有人讓我們在某一固定時間就寢。(4)make+賓語+過去分詞*Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmakehimselfheard.那個老師提高了嗓門以便別人能聽到他。(5)make+賓語+介詞短語*Youmadehimintoanhonestone.你使他成為一個誠實的人。(6)make+形式賓語it+形容詞或名詞+從句(作真正的賓語)*Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.他們要向公眾表明,他們所做的工作不但重要,而且是必不可少的?！炯磳W活用】(1)Iwantto_____________toyounottowastetime.

我要讓你知道不要浪費時間。(2)Thismethodcan__________________tofinishthework.

這種方法能使你更容易完成工作。makeitknownmakeiteasyforyou【導語】

本文節(jié)選自英國小說家尼爾·蓋曼的《墳場之書》。尼爾·蓋曼是近十年來歐美文壇崛起的最耀眼的明星,被視為新一代幻想文學的代表。其創(chuàng)作領域橫跨幻想小說、科幻小說、恐怖小說、兒童小說、漫畫以及歌詞。他的作品部部暢銷。HowNobodyCametotheGraveyard

Therewasahandinthedarkness,anditheldaknife.

Theknifehadahandleofpolishedblackbone,andabladefinerandsharperthananyrazor.Ifitslicedyou,youmightnotevenknowyouhadbeencut,notimmediately.

Theknifehaddonealmosteverythingitwasbroughttothathousetodo,andboththebladeandthehandlewerewet.

Thestreetdoorwasstillopen,justalittle,wheretheknifeandthemanwhoheldithadslippedin,andwispsofnight-timemistslitheredandtwinedintothehousethroughtheopendoor.

ThemanJackpausedonthelanding.Withhislefthandhepulledalargewhitehandkerchieffromthepocketofhisblackcoat,andwithithewipedofftheknifeandhisglovedrighthandwhichhadbeenholdingit;thenheputthehandkerchiefaway.Thehuntwasalmostover.Hehadleftthewomaninherbed,themanonthebedroomfloor,theolderchildinherbrightlycoloredbedroom,surroundedbytoysandhalf-finishedmodels.Thatonlyleftthelittleone,ababybarelyatoddler,totakecareof.Onemoreandhistaskwouldbedone.

Heflexedhisfingers.ThemanJackwas,aboveallthings,aprofessional,orsohetoldhimself,andhewouldnotallowhimselftosmileuntilthejobwascompleted.

Hishairwasdarkandhiseyesweredarkandheworeblackleatherglovesofthethinnestlambskin.

Thetoddler’sroomwasattheverytopofthehouse.ThemanJackwalkedupthestairs,hisfeetsilentonthecarpeting.Thenhepushedopentheatticdoor,andhewalkedin.Hi