北師大版高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)三第1講謂語動詞課件

第二部分語法考點(diǎn)突破板塊三動詞的運(yùn)用第1講謂語動詞題型高考典題命題角度語法填空1．(2023·全國甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill___________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.2．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Asalittlegirl，I______(wish)tobeazoo-keeperwhenIgrewup.3．(2022·全國乙卷)ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety_________(address)theopeningceremony.4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat_____(be)previouslyunprotected.5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod，theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems...”6．(2021·全國甲卷)It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù))．1．時態(tài)主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時；2．給出動詞考查其被動語態(tài)；3．考查主謂一致。beemployedwishedaddressedwereisdesignedwasbuilt考點(diǎn)一一般時態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時語法規(guī)則例句表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作或狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞(詞組)，如always，everytime，nowandthen，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，everyday/night等連用。Heoftengoestoworkbybus，andhetakesawalkwithhiswifeafterdinnereveryday.他經(jīng)常乘公共汽車去上班，而且每天晚餐后和妻子一塊兒散步。語法規(guī)則例句按時間表、時刻表、日程表等安排將要發(fā)生的動作。只限于go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come等動詞。Hurryup!Flight4026takesoffat18：20.快點(diǎn)兒吧！4026航班18：20起飛。在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時態(tài)時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgothere.要是明天晴天，我們就去那里。2.一般過去時語法規(guī)則例句表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的動作。常與often，usually，seldom等表示頻度的副詞連用。還表示在過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常與yesterday，theotherday，lastweek等表示過去的時間狀語連用。In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.1931年，亞當(dāng)斯成為第一個贏得諾貝爾和平獎的美國女性。3.一般將來時語法規(guī)則例句表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。常與表示將來的時間狀語tomorrow，nextyear，intwoweeks等連用。還可以表示說話者臨時的決定?！猈hattimeisit?——幾點(diǎn)了？—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute，Iwillcheckitforyou.——我不知道。你稍等，我給你查查。1．Notreceivinganyupdatewithinsixmonths_______(mean)thatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.2．InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannah_____(begin)heractivities，shehasreceivedalotofpraises.3．Whenthesun_______(slip)behindthemountains，itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.4．Thenextday，theirdog，Tiffy，____(fly)withpilotKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.5．ForMrSmith，thisisapossiblelife-changingchance.Thestoryonceagain_____(tell)usthatonegoodturndeservesanother.meansbeganslippedflewtells6．Infact，Roytewrites，“Iffoodwaste______(be)acountry，itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”7．InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut_____________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements，leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.8．Everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage，wearefilledwithasenseofexcitement，wonderingwhatcampingfunandadventurewe__________________(experience)next.werehavereportedwill/shallexperience考點(diǎn)二進(jìn)行時態(tài)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時語法規(guī)則例句表示說話時正在進(jìn)行或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，雖然此時此刻該動作不一定正在進(jìn)行?！狪hearyouareworkinginapub.What'sitlike?——我聽說你在酒吧工作。感覺怎么樣？—Well，it'sveryhardworkandI'malwaystired，butIdon'tmind.——哦，工作很辛苦，我也總是很累，不過我不介意。語法規(guī)則例句表示按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常用于go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，runout等動詞(詞組)。Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenareaarerunningout．Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere'snoneleft.洪災(zāi)區(qū)的食物供給快要用完了。我們必須在食物吃完前馬上行動。2.過去進(jìn)行時語法規(guī)則例句表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與表示過去的時間狀語(從句)連用，如：atthattime，atthatmoment，atthistimeyesterday，atteno'clockyesterday等。HemusthavesensedthatIwaslookingathim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly，“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat？”他一定感覺到了我正在看著他。他突然瞥了我一眼，輕聲地說：“你為什么那樣盯著我看？”3.將來進(jìn)行時語法規(guī)則例句表示將來某一時刻或某一時間段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如：atthistimetomorrow，bythen，from1：30to4：30tomorrow等。Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauseshewillbeteachingaclassatthattime.簡不能參加今天下午三點(diǎn)的會議了，因?yàn)樗莻€時間在授課。1．He_____________(clean)hisbedroomwhenhesuddenlyheardaloudnoisefromthestreet.2．Shirley___________(write)abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon'tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.3．Engineers___________(set)upover15，000sensors(傳感器)nationwideandwiringthemintoaweb.4．I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildren___________(talk)tosomeonetheyareinspiredby—theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup.5．IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtit___________(smile)atme.6．ThelastfewyearshavebeenexcitingbecauseI'vebeenfollowingmyhearttodowhatIlove.TodayI_________(live)acreativelifeasthedesignerofmyownfashionbrand.wascleaningwaswritingaresettingaretalkingwassmilingamliving考點(diǎn)三完成時態(tài)1．現(xiàn)在完成時語法規(guī)則例句表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài)到說話時剛剛完成或結(jié)束，并對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。常用的時間狀語有：already，just，yet，never，before，lately，recently，inthelast(past)fewdays/years，uptonow，tillnow，sofar等。Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.本周他已經(jīng)收到了三個相似的邀請。Inthepastfewyearsthousandsoffilmshavebeenproducedallovertheworld.在過去的幾年里，全世界拍攝了數(shù)以千計的電影。語法規(guī)則例句表示從過去某時開始而延續(xù)至今(可能還要延續(xù)下去)的動作或狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語有：since＋時間點(diǎn)；for＋時間段等。—Irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege.Canyouplaythepianoforme?——我記得你在大學(xué)時是一位極有才華的鋼琴師。你能為我彈鋼琴嗎？—Sorry，Ihaven'tplayedthepianoforyears.——抱歉，我好多年沒有彈鋼琴了。2.過去完成時語法規(guī)則例句表示在過去某一時間或某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)，即過去的過去。句中一般有明確的表示“過去的過去”的時間狀語(從句)。Whenwalkingdownthestreet，IcameacrossDavid，whomIhadn'tseenforyears.沿街走路時，我偶然遇見了戴維，我已經(jīng)有好幾年沒見他了。表示從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)，常用的時間狀語有：bythen，bytheendof，bythetime＋從句等。Hehadscarcelyputthephonedownbeforethedoorbellrang.他剛放下電話，門鈴就響了起來。動詞如hope，want，expect，think，mean，suppose，plan，intend用于過去完成時，表示本打算做而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計劃。Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday，butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.昨天我本來打算去看你，但是來了一位不速之客。3.常使用完成時的句型語法規(guī)則例句This/It/Thatisthefirst/...time＋(that)sbhas/havedonesth.；This/It/Thatwasthefirst/...time＋(that)sb.haddonesth.這是某人第幾次做某事Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.那是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤了。It/This/Thatis/wasthe＋最高級＋名詞＋(that)定語從句，從句中的謂語用完成式；Itis/hasbeen＋一段時間＋sincesb.didsth.；Itwas/hadbeen＋一段時間＋sincesb.haddonesth.自從某人做某事以來多久了；hardly(scarcely)...when.../nosooner...than...(一……就……)。Hardly/NosoonerhadIgothomewhen/thantherainpoureddown.我一到家，就下起了傾盆大雨。1．TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthat____________(survive)China'slonghistory.2．Myhusband，ourchildrenandI________(have)wonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.3．Overtheyears，there_________(be)anumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.4．Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand____________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.5．Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk，mywifeandI_________(keep)tellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.hassurvivedhavehadhavebeenhasremainedhavekept6．Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhe___________(decide)nottorun.7．Forthepasttwoyears，Gordon'sstudents__________________(study)waystokillbacteriainzerogravity，andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution.8．WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily，hebroughtthepaintingswithhim.Hehungthemabovethesametablehe_________(move)fromTurin.9．Already，anumberoffilms，includingWater

for

ElephantsandZookeeper，__________(draw)theangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.haddecidedhavebeenstudyinghadmovedhavedrawn考點(diǎn)四被動語態(tài)1．被

動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成(1)“be＋

過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)(以動詞give為例)：

現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時過去將來時一般式amgivenisgivenaregivenwasgivenweregivenshallbegivenwillbegivenshouldbegivenwouldbegiven

現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時過去將來時進(jìn)行式ambeinggivenisbeinggivenarebeinggivenwasbeinggivenwerebeinggiven

完成式hasbeengivenhavebeengivenhadbeengivenshallhavebeengivenwillhavebeengivenshouldhavebeengivenwouldhavebeengiven(2)“get＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)：getmarried結(jié)婚；getpaid獲得報酬；gethurt受傷；gettrapped/stuck/caught被困。

2．被動語態(tài)的用法(1)不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時。Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuiltonthemooninyearstocome.據(jù)報道，一個空間站將在未來的幾年內(nèi)在月球上建成。Inmyhometown，thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheathasbeencut．在我的家鄉(xiāng)，所有的麥子被收割后，總是要給農(nóng)民們準(zhǔn)備一頓收獲的晚餐。Withmanyforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.因?yàn)樵S多森林被毀，每年大量肥沃的泥土被沖走。

3．主動形式表達(dá)被動意義(1)“系動詞feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容詞/名詞”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，常常以主動形式表示被動意義。Thiskindofwoolshirtfeelssoft．這種羊毛衫摸起來很軟。

(2)當(dāng)sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物動詞后帶狀語(well/easily等)修飾，用來表示主語內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)或性能時用主動形式表示被動含義。

Haveyouboughtthebookthatsellswellthesedays？Ithinkitissuitableforusteenagers.你買最近暢銷的那本書了嗎？我認(rèn)為它適合我們青少年。(3)betorent/blame主動形式表被動意義。Whoistoblameforthemistake?誰應(yīng)為這個錯誤接受譴責(zé)？1．Theyounggirlhurriedhome，neveroncelookingbacktoseeifshe_____________