2024北京八一學校高一(上)期中英語（教師版）

第1頁/共1頁2024北京八一學校高一(上)期中英語(考試時間：90分鐘試卷滿分：100分)2024.11第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。SamwasamotherlessboywholivedwithhisfatherCurtis.ToSam,hisfatherwashisheroandtheonlysoulwithwhomhefelt____1____andconnectedintheworld.Thoughuneducatedandpoor,Curtisrecognizedandcultivatedhisson’s____2____inwordslikeitwasthemostimportantthingintheworld.HewouldtakeSamtothepubliclibraryeveryday.WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.Heevencouldn’treadasinglepagewithout____3____ateverysentence.Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.Oneday,Mr.Murray,afatheroftwoboys,____4____Samsittingoutsideacafe,grippinghisstomachinhunger,tearsstreamingdownhisface.HetookSamhome,____5____him,andtuckedhimupinbed.ThenhelookedthroughSam’sbag,hopingtofindsomenumberhecouldcall.Instead,hefoundSam’sdiary.Hereadthroughpageafterpageofwhatthel1-year-oldhadbeengoingthrough,tryingtocryin____6____.WhenSamwokeup,hefoundhisbooks____7____arrangedonashelf,hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable.“Thisisyourhome.Youcanhaveallthebooksyouwant.Iwilldriveyoutoandfromschooleverydaywithmyboys.Nothingwillstopyoufrompursuingyourdreams,”Mr.Murraysaid,acceptingSam’s____8____hug.Fromthatdayon,Sam’slifewasneverthesame.Readingandwritingnevergotapartfromhim.Hebecameoutgoingand____9____aconfidentpersonality.WiththeloveandsupportofMr.Murray,hefollowedhisheartandstudied_____10_____inuniversity.BythetimeSamwas30,hewastheownerofasuccessfulpublishinghouse.1.A.safe B.stressed C.excited D.anxious2.A.inspiration B.interest C.habit D.imagination3.A.showingoff B.givingup C.calmingdown D.breakingdown4.A.kept B.felt C.spotted D.prevented5.A.fed B.taught C.dragged D.pleased6.A.horror B.silence C.relief D.desperation7.A.neatly B.hurriedly C.wisely D.naturally8.A.polite B.tearful C.welcoming D.comforting9.A.replaced B.described C.developed D.strengthened10.A.science B.gymnastics C.education D.literature第二節(jié)語法練習(共17小題；每小題1分，共17分)Part1請根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。(每小題1分，共6分)11.Thatsmellr______meofmygrandmother.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)12.Afterfinishingthemarathon,shefeltagreatsenseof______(滿足，滿意).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)13.Tosavetime,hetooka______(捷徑)throughthepark.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)14.Theunderdogteammanagedtod______thefavoritesinthechampionshipgame.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)15.Heq______hisjobtopursuehisdreamofbecomingawriter.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)16.Playingsportscanr______stressandanxiety.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)Part2請閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。(每小題1分，共11分)A請閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空ThemostpopularmartialartstodayoriginatedinChina.Karate(空手道)wasderivedfromFujianProvince.Inthe14thcentury,acommunityofChinesemigrantsfromFujian___17___(settle)inwhatwasthenthekingdomofOkinawa.TheChinesemigrantsusedtogatherinaparktoenjoyculturalactivities—oneof___18___waskungfu.Thissooncaughttheattentionoflocalyouths,___19___startedlearningkungfu.Besides,theveryfirstKoreanmilitary___20___(base)onaChineseversion,too.B請閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空PaulandIwereonthesamebasketballteam.WebothlovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.PaulusedBoguesashis___21___(inspire)whileIpreferredLeBronJames.Althoughwehavedifferentidols,weagreethatourfavoriteplayersarebothchampions.Actually,Paulwasahard-workingboy.Ourcoachwasnotsosure.So,hewasusuallyonthebenchasa___22___(replace).Oneday,ourteamwasplayingourcompetitors,TheBears,ateam___23___recordwasperfect.Weallagreedthatitwouldbeatoughone.Inthecompetition,aplayerandIcrashedintoeachother.I___24___(feel)toopainfulinmykneetoplay.So,IrecommendedPaultoourcoach.Atthattime,ourcoachhadnochoicebuttoletPaulhaveatry.Andclearly,alltheextrahoursthathe___25___(spend)practicingalonepaidoff.Theotherteamjustcouldn’tkeepupwithhisenergyandspeed.Hemadeshotaftershot,andthecrowdcouldn’tstop___26___(clap)andcheering.Atlast,we___27___(win)thegameandPaulearnedhisplaceontheteam.第二部分：閱讀理解(共48分)第一節(jié)(共19小題；每小題2分，共38分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:·Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.·Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(傾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.·Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.·Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.28.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.receivedataandgivecommand B.powerthewheelsC.sendinformationtotheriders D.storeelectricity29.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.A.onbikepaths B.inparks C.oncampus D.inshoppingmalls30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality. B.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.C.Torecommendagiftchoice. D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.BWhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.Andwhatisabetteroutdooractivitytogetpeopleoutsideinthecoldthaniceskating?Inordertomakehisdreamareality,ChittlesearchedtheInternetforvideosonhowtobuildanicerink(溜冰場).Heorderedalarge3,000squarefoottarp(防水帆布)onlineandboughtsomewoodtocreatethewalls.Ittook12firetrucksfromthelocalfiredepartmenttogetenoughwatertofilltheplot.IttookalittletimeasChittlewentdoortodoortoconvincepeopletocomeandseehiscreation,andsoonChittle’sbackyardicerinkbecameaMantonhotspot.ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.Soonenough,thechildrenwereskatingandshooting.“Wekeptseeingmorethingsdonated.Itwasfantasticbecausethewholecommunityjustcametogether.ItwasamazinghoweverybodyworkedtogetherbecauseofScott.”saysneighborAudreyHooker.Skaterswerewelcometocomeatanytime.AndeachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m.,dozensofchildrenandtheirparentsgatheredattheicerinkforskateparties.Thechildrenwhohadbeenconfinedtotheirhomesforalmostayearlaughedandshoutedwithjoywhileskatingaroundtherink.Parentsgatheredaroundfeelingreliefthattheirchildrenhadfoundapurposeagain.Itbecameaweeklyeventthatneighborscouldlookforwardtoanditofferedaplaceforpeopletoseeeachotherinasociallydistancedway.Butthekindnessdidn’tstopwithChittle.Whenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyheusedtomakethisprojecthappen,everyonehelped.Afundraiserbroughtinabout$1,300,andletterssenttoChittle’shomestuffedwithcashbroughtinanadditional$1,500,coveringallofthecostswithmoneytospare.Companiesbegansendingsuppliesfornextyear’sicerinkincludingoutdoorlights,asnowsweepingmachineandshovels.“Thishasbeenacommunitything,”explainsChittle.“It’snotjustme.Iwanttoshowtherestoftheworldwhatalittleeffort,thebestintentions,andcommunitycandonotonlyforothersbutforthesoulsofall.”31.WhydidChittlebuildabackyardicerink?A.Toorganizeskateparties. B.Toshowoffhiscreativity.C.Togetsomemoneyandoutdoorsupplies. D.Toofferasafesocialplaceandsomefun.32.Whatdidtheparentsdotohelpwiththeicerink?A.Filledtheicerinkwithwater. B.RaisedmoneyforChittle.C.Boughtskatesandhockeysticks. D.Convincedpeopletocome.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheicerinkisonlyopentochildrenonSaturday.B.Thewholecommunitycontributedtotheicerink.C.Chittlemademuchmoneyafterbuildingtheicerink.D.TheparentsfeltreliefbecauseChittletookcareoftheirchildren.34.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeScottChittle?A.Honestandfriendly. B.Carefulandconfident.C.Humorousandpolite. D.Kindanddevoted.CAscollegesportscontinuetobehugelypopularandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)bringsinlargeamountsofmoney,peoplehaverestartedthedebateonwhethercollegeathletesshouldgetpaid.Supportersoftheideabelievethat,becausecollegeathletesarebringinginaudiences,theyshouldreceivesomesortofcompensation(補償).Infact,theNCAAbringsinabout$1billionincomeayear,butcollegeathletesdon’treceiveanyofthatmoneyintheformofapaycheck.Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,eitherbygivingthemawaytobeginearningmoneyincollegeorrequiringthemtosignacontract(合同)sayingthey’llstayattheuniversityforacertainnumberofyearswhilemakinganagreed-uponsalary.Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.Payingathleteswouldturncollegesportsintoabidding(競拍)war,whereonlytherichestschoolscouldaffordtopathletes,andmostschoolswouldbeshutoutfromdevelopingatalentedteam.Itcouldalsoharmthecamaraderiewithinmanycollegeteamsifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare.Thoseagainstpayingcollegeathletesalsobelievethattheathletesarereceivingenoughbenefitsalready.Thetopathletesreceivescholarshipsthatareworthtensofthousandsperyear.Theyreceivefreefoodandtextbooks,gettravelbonusesandfreeequipment,andcanusetheirtimeincollegeasawaytoattracttheattentionofprofessionalcoaches.Noothercollegestudentsreceiveanywherenearasmuchfromtheirschools.Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.Collegeathleteshavebeencompensatedenough.Addingasalarywouldresultinacollegeathleticsystemwhereonlyafewathletesarepaidbysomeschoolswhoenterbiddingwarstosignthemup,whilemoststudentathleticsandcollegeathleticprogramssufferorevenshutdownforlackofmoney.Continuingtoofferthepresentbenefitstostudentathletesmakesitpossibleforasmanypeopletobenefitfromandenjoycollegesportsaspossible.35.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatcollegeathletes________.A.haveearnedwhattheyarepromisedB.tendtoservecollegelongerwhenpaidC.shouldsignacontracttomakeanagreed-uponsalaryD.prefertostayatuniversityratherthanturnprofessionals36.Theunderlinedword“camaraderie”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”.A.friendship B.competition C.spirit D.communication37.Peopleagainstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve________.A.schoolswouldbeunabletoafforditB.itcouldbeharmfultocollegesportsC.noothercollegestudentsreceivebenefitsD.studentswouldvaluepaymentsoverachievements38.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspayingcollegeathletes?A.Uncertain. B.Satisfied. C.Unsupportive. D.Expectant.DAttheheartofpsychologyisunderstandingbehavior,andunderstandingbehaviorhasmuchtodowithunderstandingthebrain.Neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學家)havebecomemoreefficientatmappingthebrainandhavegainedmoreunderstandingofhowthebraindevelopsandworks.Truly,differencesinbehaviorasweageandbetweengenders,aremostlikelyexplainedbythephysicalstateofandchangesinourbrains.Aroundtheageof12,itisbelievedthattheareasofthebrainthatareusedmostwillbestrengthenedandcellsinthebrainthatarenotusedtendtodie.Whatyoudowithyourbraininyourteenyearsprobablydecideshowyourbrainwillworkfortherestofyourlife.IfateenspendsendlesshourswatchingTV,theneuralconnectionsthathelpthebrainprocessTVarewhatwillbestrengthened.Itisclear,therefore,thathowyoungpeoplespendtheirtimeisofgreatimportance.Surprisingly,anddifferentfromearlierbeliefs,thebrainisstilldevelopingevenintheearlytwenties.Areasofthebrainthatarerelatedtoemotion,decisionmaking,reasoning,andproblemsolvingarestillnotfullydeveloped.Thismaygosomewaytowardexplainingwhycaraccidentratesinyoungpeoplearesignificantlyhigherthanthoseamongolderpeople.Youngpeopledon’thavethenecessaryskillstomakecomplexjudgmentswhiledriving.Therearealsodifferencesinthewaybrainsdevelopwhenitcomestogender.Itappearsthatgirlsarereadytoprocessmorechallenginginformationearlierthanboys,withtheareaofthebrainresponsibleforthisactivitypeakingattheageof14to16inboys,afulltwoyearslaterthangirls.Inaddition,studieshaveshownthatgirlsandboysprocesslanguageinputindifferentpartsoftheirbrains.Girlstypicallytendtodobetterthanboysinlanguage,whichmeansthattheyhavemorebrainmatterresponsibleforlanguageskills.Thiskindofresearchraisesimportantquestionsabouthowboysandgirlsshouldbetaughtinschooltomaximize(使最大化)theirlearning.Forexample,theideaofsingle-sexeducationshouldperhapsbetakenintoconsideration.Expertssaythatwewoulddowelltorevisitthetimingofthesubjectstaughtinschool,assomepartsofthebraindevelopbeforeothers.Additionally,whatweunderstandabouttheteenagebrainshouldperhapsbetakenintoconsiderationwhenlawsarebeingmadewithregardtotheminimum(最低的)drivingage.39.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeoplearemorelikelytohavecaraccidentsbecause_______.A.theyfailtorealizetheimportanceofskillsB.theydon’thavethenecessaryskillsindrivingC.certainareasintheirbrainsarenotfullydevelopedD.theirbrainstendtobeinfluencedbytheiremotions40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Earlierbeliefsshowthebrainisstilldevelopingintheearlytwenties.B.Girlsarebetteratlanguagebecausetheyaredevotedtolanguagelearning.C.Howpeoplespendtheirtimewhenthey’reteenagersaffectstheirfuturelife.D.Gendermakesnodifferencewhenitcomestothephysicalstateofthebrain.41.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.single-sexeducationmaybenefitteenagersB.thetimewhenschoolstartsshouldbeputoffC.lawmakerswilllowertheminimumdrivingageD.thenumberofsubjectsinschoolmightbechanged42.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AgeandtheBrain B.GendersandtheBrainC.MappingtheBrain D.TheDevelopingBrainETheUSscientistswhocreatedthefirstlivingrobotssaythelifeforms,knownasxenobots,cannowreproduce—andinawaynotseeninplantsandanimals.XenobotsareformedfromthestemcellsoftheAfricanclawedfrog(Xenopuslaevis),fromwhichittakesitsname.“Frogshaveawayofreproducingthattheynormallyuse,butwhenyouliberatethestemcellsfromtheembryo(胚胎)andyougivethemachancetofigureouthowtobeinanewenvironment,notonlydotheyfigureoutanewwaytomove,buttheyalsofigureoutapparentlyanewwaytoreproduce,”saidMichaelLevin,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity,whowasco-leadauthorofthenewresearch.Stemcellsareunspecializedcellsthathavetheabilitytodevelopintodifferentcelltypes.Tomakethexenobots,theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryosandleftthemtodevelop.“Mostpeoplethinkofrobotsasbeingmadeofmetal,butit’snotsomuchwhatarobotismadefrombutwhatitdoes,whichisactonitsownonbehalfofpeople,”saidJoshBongard,acomputerscienceprofessorandroboticsexpertattheUniversityofVermontandleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthatway,it’sarobot,butit’salsoclearlyanorganismmadefromfrogcells.”Theresearchersfoundthatthexenobotscouldreplicate(自我復制).Butithappenedrarelyandonlyinspecificcircumstances.Thexenobotsused“kineticreplication”—aprocessthatisknowntooccuratthemolecular(分子)level.Withthehelpofartificialintelligence,theresearchersthentestedbillionsofbodyshapestomakethexenobotsmoreeffectiveatthistypeofreplication.ThesupercomputercameupwithaC-shapethatlookedlikePac-Man,the1980svideogame.Theyfounditwasabletofindtinystemcells,gatherhundredsoftheminsideitsmouth,andafewdayslaterthepackofcellsbecamenewxenobots.“TheAIdidn’tprogramthesemachinesinthewayweusuallythinkaboutwritingcode.ItshapedandsculptedandcameupwiththisPac-Manshape,”Bongardsaid.“Theshapeis,inessence,theprogram.Theshapeinfluenceshowthexenobotsbehavetospeedupthisincrediblysurprisingprocess.”Thexenobotsareveryearlytechnology-thinkofa1940scomputer—anddon’tyethaveanypracticalapplications.However,thiscombinationofmolecularbiologyandartificialintelligencecouldpotentiallybeusedinmanytasksinthebodyandtheenvironment.Thismayincludethingslikecollectingmicroplasticsintheoceans,inspectingrootsystemsandregenerativemedicine.“Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticityandabilityofcellstosolveproblems,”Bongardsaid.43.AccordingtoJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefinedintermsof______.A.itsfunction B.itsreliability C.itsappearance D.itsmaterial44.Whatcanwelearnaboutxenobotsfromthepassage?A.Xenobotshavecopiedstemcellsusingcomputerprograms.B.Specializedcellsplayakeyroleinthereplicationofxenobots.C.AImakesitpossibleforxenobotstoreplicatemoreeffectively.D.Theshapeofxenobotswasinspiredfromavideogameinthe1980s.45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfutureapplicationsofxenobots?A.Disapproving. B.Optimistic. C.Unconcerned. D.Objective.46.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Wheredoestheunnaturalreplicationprocesslead?B.Arcxenobotsthefutureofartificialintelligence?C.TheuncertainroleofrobotreproductionD.Factorfantasy?Robotscanreproduce第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑，選項中有兩項為多余選項。MovetotheMusicMusichelpsusexercise,butwhydoesithavethiseffect?____47____Thefirstissimple:Musicdistractsus.Whenwelistentoasongwelike,ourbrainpaysattentiontothemusic.Forexample,afterweexercisefor20minutes,ourbodymightbetired.Butwemaynotfeelthisimmediatelywhilelisteningtomusic.Soweexercisealittlelonger.Musicalsomotivatesus.Whenweheardancemusic,forexample,wenaturallystarttomovetothebeat.Anupbeatsongalsoputsusinagoodmood,sowefeelhappier.Thisgivesusenergyandhelpsusexerciselonger.____48____Songsintherangeof120-140beatsperminute(BPM)arethebest,sayssportspsychologistDr.CostasKarageorghis.____49____.ItsleadingresearcherFritzput61peopleinsmallgroups.Theyallthenexercisedtwice.Onetime,eachgroupworkedoutwhilelisteningtomusicforsixminutes.Anothertime,theyexercisedforsixminutesonspecialJymminmachines.ThenameJymminisacombinationof“jamming"and“gym.”Usingthesemachines,eachgroupmademusicastheymoved.Theexercisersbecamethecomposersandthemachinesbecametheirinstruments.Intheend,53ofthe61peoplesaidthesamething:TheyfeltlesstiredwhentheyexercisedontheJymminmachines.____50____HowdoesFritzexplainthis?MaybepeopledidbetterontheJymminmachinesbecausetheyhadmorecontrol,hesays.Peoplecreatedthebeat.Theycouldmakeitgofasterorslower.Also,theactivitywassocial.Eachgroupwasmakingmusictogetherandhavingfun.FritzbelievesthatJymminexercisemayhaveotheradvantages,too.____51____Forexample,itmaybeevenagoodwaytotreatdepression.A.Expertssaytherearetwomainreasons.B.Thisalsohelpsrelaxourbodyandbrain.C.Musicwithaquickandsteadybeatisgoodforexercising,D.Hewantstofindoutifitcanhelpwithmoreseriousconditions.E.Heexpectstotakeadvantageofittotapintopeople’spotential.F.Anewstudysuggeststhisisonlypartoftheexplanation,however.G.Whentheyexerciseandmakemusic,workingoutseemstobeeasier.第三部分：書面表達(共20分)根據(jù)中文提示和所給的關鍵詞，將下列句子翻譯成英文。(共5小題；每小題4分，共20分)52.他的父母認為他有能力靠自己解決這個問題。(capable)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________53.所有的汗水和辛勤工作最終都是值得的，其他一切都不能給我們更多成就感。(worth)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________54.任何情緒低落的人都可以去跑步讓自己振作起來。(定語從句)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________55.跑前熱身和跑后放松非常重要，能確保我們不會受傷。(important)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________56.Jim厭倦了待在室內(nèi)，他渴望去徒步旅行。(desire)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________

參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是失去雙親的男孩山姆在好心人默里的幫助和呵護下成為更好的自己，也取得了事業(yè)上的成功?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對山姆來說，父親就是他的英雄，也是這個世界上唯一讓他感到安全、有羈絆的人。A.safe安全的；B.stressed焦慮不安的；C.excited興奮的；D.anxious焦急的。由上文“hisfatherwashishero”提到山姆的父親是山姆的英雄可知，父親能夠讓山姆感到安全。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管柯蒂斯沒有文化，也很窮，但他懂得去培養(yǎng)他兒子對文字的興趣，仿佛文字就是世界上最重要的事物。A.inspiration靈感；B.interest興趣；C.habit習慣；D.imagination想象力。one’sinterestinsth.意為“對……的興趣”；ahabitofsth.意為“……的習慣”。由設空處后面的介詞“in”以及語意可知，此處是指柯蒂斯培養(yǎng)兒子對文字的興趣。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：甚至他要是不把每個句子都作拆分，就會連一頁都看不懂。A.showingoff炫耀；B.givingup放棄；C.calmingdown冷靜下來；D.breakingdown分解，拆分。由上文“WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.”提到由于山姆的父親去世了，山姆變得無家可歸，脫離外界可知，當時山姆很難看得進書，需要把每個句子作拆分才讀得懂。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，兩個孩子的父親默里先生發(fā)現(xiàn)山姆坐在咖啡屋外面，餓著肚子，淚流滿面。A.kept保持；B.felt感受；C.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.prevented防止。結(jié)合語意與下文“HetookSamhome”（他帶山姆回家）可知，此處是指默里一家發(fā)現(xiàn)了山姆餓著肚子坐在咖啡屋外。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他帶山姆回家，給他食物，哄他睡覺。A.fed喂食；B.taught教授；C.dragged拖，拉；D.pleased使高興。由上文“grippinghisstomachinhunger”提到無家可歸的山姆肚子很餓可知，默里帶山姆回家后會給他食物。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一頁一頁地讀著這個11歲孩子的遭遇，盡量不哭出聲來。A.horror恐懼；B.silence沉默；C.relief寬慰；D.desperation絕望。結(jié)合語意，默里讀著山姆寫的日記，為山姆的遭遇所動容，且由設空處前的“tryingto”可以推知，默里哭的時候想要盡量不哭出聲來。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆醒來后，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的書整潔地放在書架上，自己的衣服放在洗衣袋里，他父親的照片也裝進了一個漂亮的相框里，放在書桌上。A.neatly整潔地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.wisely明智地；D.naturally自然地。結(jié)合語意，由下文“hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable”提到山姆的衣服放進洗衣袋里，父親的照片也裝好放在書桌上可知，他的東西被默里處理得很好，所以他的書也應該會被整潔地放在書架上。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這是你的家。你想要什么書就有什么書。我會每天開車載你和我的孩子們一起去上下學。任何東西都阻擋不了你去追求你的夢想?！蹦镎f。山姆含淚給了他一個擁抱。A.polite禮貌的；B.tearful含淚的；C.welcoming（對來訪或到達的人）歡迎的，熱情友好的；D.comforting令人欣慰的。結(jié)合語意，默里對山姆說的話讓山姆很感動，所以山姆含淚相擁，作為回應。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他變得外向，個性自信。A.replaced替代；B.described描述；C.developed發(fā)展，養(yǎng)成；D.strengthened增強。結(jié)合語意，由“Hebecameoutgoing”可知山姆后來變得外向起來，由此推知，他也培養(yǎng)了自信的個性。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他遵從內(nèi)心，在大學修讀文學。A.science科學；B.gymnastics體育；C.education教育；D.literature文學。由上文“Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.”提到山姆寫作，把自己的想法寫成筆記或是詩歌，由此推知，他遵從內(nèi)心，修讀的應該是文學。故選D項。第二節(jié)語法練習(共17小題；每小題1分，共17分)Part1請根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。(每小題1分，共6分)11.【答案】reminds##eminds【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：那氣味讓我想起了我祖母。根據(jù)句意“使想起”和首字母提示可知，此處為動詞remind，陳述客觀事實，使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為thatsmell，謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填reminds。12.【答案】satisfaction【詳解】考查名詞。句意：跑完馬拉松后，她感到了極大的滿足感。根據(jù)漢語提示“滿足，滿意”可知，此處為名詞satisfaction，作賓語，表抽象概念，不可數(shù)。故填satisfaction。13.【答案】shortcut【詳解】考查名詞。句意：為了節(jié)省時間，他抄近路穿過公園。根據(jù)漢語提示“捷徑”可知，此處為名詞shortcut，作賓語，不定冠詞a修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。故填shortcut。14.【答案】defeat##efeat【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在冠軍賽中，這支不被看好的隊伍竟然擊敗了奪冠熱門隊伍。根據(jù)句意“打敗”和首字母提示可知，此處為動詞defeat，位于動詞不定式符號to后面，使用動詞原形。故填defeat。15.【答案】quit##uit##quitted##uitted【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：他辭去了工作去追求他當作家的夢想。根據(jù)句意“放棄，離任”和首字母提示可知，此處為動詞quit，陳述過去的事實，使用一般過去時。故填quit/quitted。16.【答案】reduce##educe【詳解】考查動詞。句意：做運動可以減輕壓力和焦慮。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處使用動詞reduce“減少”。情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形。故填reduce。Part2請閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。(每小題1分，共11分)【答案】17.settled18.which19.who20.wasbased【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹中國武術(shù)對世界各地武術(shù)，尤其是空手道和韓國軍事的影響?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：14世紀，一群來自福建的中國移民定居在當時的沖繩王國。分析句子可知，句中缺少謂語，結(jié)合時間狀語“inthe14thcentury”可知，此處為一般過去時。故填settled?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：中國移民過去常常聚集在公園里享受文化活動，其中之一就是功夫。此處為“oneof+復數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導定語從句，先行詞activities，在從句中作介詞of的賓語，指物，故用關系代詞which引導。故填which?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這很快引起了當?shù)厍嗄甑淖⒁?，他們開始學習功夫?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，先行詞localyouths，在從句中作主語，指人，故用關系代詞who引導。故填who?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：此外，最早的韓國軍事也是基于中國版本的。分析句子可知，句中缺少謂語，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情應用一般過去時，主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關系，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，且主語為theveryf