北京師范大學(xué)《科技英語與寫作》2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末試卷

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《科技英語與寫作》2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末試卷院(系)_______班級_______學(xué)號_______姓名_______題號一二三四五六總分得分批閱人第一部分（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）1、Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A．seat B．seatingC．seated D．tobeseating2、Somebusinessownersarekeenonpublicwelfare.Thisislocalserviceshavebeenfunded.A．whether B．what C．where D．how3、Didyouvisitthefamousculturalrelicslastmonth?No,we____it,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping．A．couldhavevisited B．musthavevisitedC．can'thavevisited D．shouldn'thavevisited4、It’sraininghardandwecan’tgopicnickingtoday.Ifonlytheweather_____fine!A．is B．were C．hadbeen D．wouldbe5、Thepoliceareoffering______rewardof$50,000forinformationleadingtothearrestof_____murderer.A．the;the B．a(chǎn);a C．the;a D．a(chǎn);the6、Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，ourincomehasincreased________10%inlessthanayear.A．forB．byC．onD．a(chǎn)t7、ThoughwintersinBritainarecoldandthereisusuallysnow,thereare________placesforskiing.A．some B．many C．few D．a(chǎn)few8、Theoldcouple,________countrylife,wereunwillingtomovetothecitytolivewithhisson.A．a(chǎn)ccustomedto B．buriedinC．a(chǎn)ddictedto D．exposedto9、Thenewhotelisreportedtobebuiltitusedtobeawasteland.A．which B．whereC．inwhich D．what10、Asthingsdidn’tworkoutthewaywe________,wefoundourselvestryingtoforcethemandstrugglingtofinishthem.A．planB．a(chǎn)replanningC．hadplannedD．willbeplanning第二部分閱讀理解（滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomedegreeourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomedegreesomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligent.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.1、Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman’sintelligenceisgiventohim.A．a(chǎn)tbirth B．througheducationC．bothatbirthandthrougheducation D．throughenvironmentofone’sfamily2、Ifachildisbornwithhighintelligence,hecan.A．surelybecomeageniusB．stillbecomeageniusifheisn’tgivengoodeducationC．reachhisintelligencelimitsthroughhisowneffortsD．probablyreachhisintelligencelimitsinrichandvariedsurroundings3、Theexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshows.A．theimportanceoftheirintelligence B．theroleofenvironmentonintelligenceC．theimportanceoftheirpositions D．thepartthatbirthplays4、Thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe.A．OnIntelligence B．OnGeniusC．DependenceonEnvironment D．EffectofEducationonIntelligenceBWhenyou’reworkingyourwaythroughoneoflife’sstorms,itishumannaturetofocusongettingbacktonormal,to“bounceback”asquicklyaspossibletoaplacewherethingsarecalm,familiarandcomfortable.However,actuallyitisunrealistictothinkwecanevertrulyreturnemotionallyandintelligentlytowherewewerebeforethestormbecauseeveryexperiencechangesusinsomeway.Forexample,whenweexperienceamajorhealthscare,possiblyinvolvingsomehospitaltime,wecannevergobacktobeingthepersonwewerebeforetheeventevenifwefullyrecoverbecausewehaveexperiencedfirsthandthefragility(脆弱)oflife,nottomentioncomingfacetofacewithdeath.So,nowthatwecanneverreturn,whatshouldwedo?Considerthis…h(huán)owisitthattwopeoplecanbefacedwiththesamehardshipandwhileonebecomeshopelessandfeelsangerandupset,theotherisabletoovercometheircircumstancesandgrowstrongerthaneverasaresultoftheexperience?Atoneextreme,wemaychoosetoaccepttheroleofunluckyvictim,orbecometrappedinthe“Whyisitalwaysme!”negativeandfrustrating(令人沮喪的)situations.Eitherwayistheresultofafixedmindset(思維模式)thatisresistanttogrowthandchange.Ifthisisyourapproachtolife,youwillbefarlesslikelytobeactiveineffectivelymanagingchangeandrecoveringfrombadsituations.Butthereisanotherchoice.Ifyouarehonestenough,youmayconsiderwhatwasonce“normal”foryouwasjustthemaincauseofyourstorm.Youcanchoosetohugchangeanduncertaintyandlearntogrowforwardthroughallofyourexperiences.Ofcourse,thismeansdoingtheworktodeveloptheskillsandhabitsthatwillenableyoutohandlelife’soccasionalstorms.Inconclusion,itisuptoeachofustochoosethemeaningweapplytooursituationsatalltimes.Differentchoiceswillleadtodifferentlives.Ofcourseyoucangrowforwardifyouaredeterminedtochooseliveapositiveliferegardlessofwhateverhardshipsyouarefacing.1、Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveywiththeexampleinthesecondparagraph?A．Wewillunderstandlifemuchbetterafteranescapefromdeath.B．Itusuallytakesalongtimetorecoverfromahealthproblem.C．It’sunlikelytoreturntowherewewereaftercertainevents.D．Wecanrecoverfromanemotionalproblemmuchmoreeasily.2、Whenfacedwithhardships,somepeoplechoosetobeavictimbecauseof________.A．theirterribleexperiencesB．theirnegativethoughtsC．theirpoorhealthD．theirbadluck3、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toadviseustomanagebademotions.B．Topersuadeustogetbacktonormal.C．Toofferususefulskillstoworkwith.D．Toencourageustoovercomehardships.4、Ifyou’redeterminedtogrowforwardyouhaveto________.A．experiencelife’sfragilityB．welcomeuncertaintyandchangeC．developnewskillsandhabitsD．overcomethefearofdeath第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．Formanyyears,driversofelectrictrainsintheUKwereatriskfrombirdstrikes.Whentheyweretravellingathighspeeds,a1hittingthefrontofthetraincould2thewindscreenofthedrivingcab.Ioncehadapigeonbreaktheoffsidewindowintopiecesatonly20mi/h.Thepigeondidn't3,butIdid—Iamalive!Inanefforttoprovideabetterdegreeof4andreducedelays,ofcourse,researchwasdonetofinda5toughenedglasswindscreenfor6.Aspartofthisresearch,7wassoughtfromairlinesuppliers,whosaidthatagoodtestforantnewglasstypewastofireachickenathighspeed8thewindowmaterial.The9wassoonsetupandanumberofdeadchickensobtained.Eventhoughitwasofastandardusedby10,thetestwiththefirstchickenshowedthattheglasswasnot11enough.Asecondtest12broketheglass.Anothertestdamagedthethirdwindscreen!Repeated13showedthatnoglasscould14thechickenbeingfiredatit.Moreadvicewassoughtfromtheairlinepeople,whocouldnotunderstand15theglasstheyofferedcouldwithstand（禁得住）airbornebirdstrikesbut16failingtherailwaytests.Theydecidedtocometo17test.Therailwayresearchteamsetupa18testandsentsomeonetoobtainmorechickens.19thechickensarrived,itwasthenthattheairlineexpertsrealizedwhatwaswrong.Theytoldtherailwayresearchteam."Youknow,youdo20todefrost（解凍）thechickensfirst."1、A．deviceB．chickenC．birdD．stone2、A．keepoutB．passthroughC．escapefromD．takeaway3、A．flyB．a(chǎn)ppearC．fallD．survive4、A．safetyB．speedC．travelD．temperature5、A．heavyB．brightC．suitableD．flat6、A．passengersB．driversC．a(chǎn)nimalsD．pilots7、A．informationB．energyC．courageD．a(chǎn)dvice8、A．offB．towardsC．beyondD．a(chǎn)cross9、A．testB．researchC．businessD．organization10、A．governmentB．a(chǎn)rmyC．railwaysD．a(chǎn)irlines11、A．popularB．a(chǎn)ttractiveC．toughD．transparent12、A．a(chǎn)lsoB．thenC．everD．only13、A．changesB．a(chǎn)ttemptsC．eventsD．ideas14、A．reflectB．preventC．separateD．resist15、A．whetherB．howC．whyD．when16、A．a(chǎn)voidedB．keptC．stoodD．stopped17、A．witnessB．cancelC．proveD．correct18、A．strangeB．strictC．newD．necessary19、A．ThemomentB．NowthatC．EvenifD．Incase20、A．manageB．a(chǎn)greeC．expectD．have第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I’vebeenavolunteeratRadioLollipopsinceMayItisoneofthebestexperiencesthatI1．(have)inthelastfewyearsRadioLollipopisaninternationalcharityorganization2．(found)in1979toprovidecare,comfort,gamesandentertainmentforchildreninhospitalTheserviceisprovided3．(entire)byvolunteerswhohavebeenspeciallyselectedandtrainedtomakeachild’sstayinhospitalmoreinterestingand4．(little)frightenedIhelpoutregularly5．MondayeveningsafterworkattheRoyalHospitalMytaskistodeliverasmiletothechildrenatthewards(病房)6．mightbethereforafewdaysorevenacoupleofmonths7．ishardtofindchildrenonMonday,asthecinemaatthehospitalisopenonthatdayMostofthemtend8．(be)thereIamthankfulforthisopportunitytohelpchildrenatthehospitalandmaketheirstaysmorepleasantTheexperiencealsohelpsmedealwiththe9．(difficulty)andchallengesthatI’vebeenfacedwithinmyownlifeIamnowmorepositiveinhelpingothersandrealize10．everyonegoesthroughsomepain