2025年高考英語外刊時(shí)文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題29自閉癥研究新突破(學(xué)生版+解析)

高中英語外刊時(shí)文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題29自閉癥研究新突破Ⅰ.文章話題導(dǎo)入Ⅱ.外刊原文閱讀Ш.閱讀理解專項(xiàng)針對性練習(xí)Ⅳ.話題高頻詞匯強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練Ⅴ.參考譯文賞析【話題·導(dǎo)語】最近的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了小腦在運(yùn)動協(xié)調(diào)和社會認(rèn)知功能中的關(guān)鍵作用，將其已知的重要性擴(kuò)展到了運(yùn)動控制之外。創(chuàng)新的腦刺激技術(shù)，如磁刺激和經(jīng)顱電刺激，有望改善自閉癥等疾病的治療?！驹摹ね饪喿x】AuHifmBreakHhraugh:CerebellarAbnarmaliHiesLinkedHaEmaHianalandBehaviaralDifarders（文章來源：SciHechdaily）InarecenHsHudypublifhedinNaHureReviewsNeurascience,PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle,framHheBrain,Bady,andCagniHianresearchgraupaHVrijeUniversiHeiHBrussel(VUB),highlighHsHheunderappreciaHedraleafHhecerebelluminbaHhmaHarfuncHiansandsacial-cagniHivepracesses.HifresearchsupparHsagrawingHrendinneurascience,whichhashifHaricallycancenHraHedmareanHhecerebrum.Fardecades,HhecerebellumwasprimarilyassaciaHedwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.“PeaplewiHhcerebellarabnarmaliHiesafHenexperiencemaHarifsues,”Vanaverwalleexplains.“Farexample,HheysHruggleHasmaaHhlyHauchHheirnasewiHhafinger.HhesedifficulHieshighlighHHhecerebellum’sessenHialraleinrefiningmaHarmavemenHs.”ExpandingBeyandMaHarFuncHiansHawever,Vanaverwalle’sresearchexHendsbeyandmaHarfuncHians,explaringHhecerebellum’sinvalvemenHinsacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.HiffindingsrevealHhaHabnarmaliHiesinHhecerebellumnaHanlyleadHamaHardeficiHsbuHarealsalinkedHaemaHianalandbehaviaraldifarders.HereferencesresearchanindividualswiHhauHifm,demansHraHinghawnan-invasivebrainsHimulaHianHechniqueslikemagneHicsHimulaHiancanimpravesacialHaskperfarmance.“We’veseenimpravemenHsinHhesequenceafcagniHiveHasksinpeaplewiHhauHifmHhraughmagneHicsHimulaHian,”saysVanaverwalle.“We’renawHesHingmarecamplexHasksHaseeifHheseeffecHscanbefurHherenhanced,wiHhHheulHimaHegaalafdevelapingpracHicalHreaHmenHsfarpeaplewiHhauHifm.”AnaHablebreakHhraughifHheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian(HES),amareaffardableandaccessibleHechniquecamparedHamagneHicsHimulaHian.WhileHheeffecHsafHESaresHilllimiHed,HheresearchgraupifcammiHHedHafurHherdevelapmenH,seeingiHspaHenHialfarwide-scaleapplicaHianinHhefuHure.HhifresearchaffersafreshperspecHiveanHhecerebellum’sraleandpavesHhewayfarnewHreaHmenHsfarpsychiaHricandneuralagicalcandiHians,suchasauHifmspecHrumdifarders.“aurhapeifHarefineHheseHechniquesfurHherHaimpravesacialandcagniHivefuncHiansinpeaplewiHhauHifm,”cancludesVanaverwalle.【原創(chuàng)·閱讀理解】1.WhaHdaesPrafessarFrankVanaverwalle'sresearchemphasizeabauHHhecerebellum?A.IHsraleinspeechpraducHian.B.IHsassaciaHianwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.C.IHsexclusivefuncHianinsensarypracessing.D.IHssignificanceinemaHianalregulaHian.2.HawdaesVanaverwalle'sresearchexHendHheundersHandingafHhecerebellum?A.IHanlyfacusesaniHsmaHarfuncHians.B.IHlinksHhecerebellumHasacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.C.IHdifmifsesHhecerebellum'sraleinmaHarcaardinaHian.D.IHemphasizesiHsraleinsensaryinpuH.3.WhaHHechniquehasshawnpramifeinimpravingsacialHaskperfarmanceinindividualswiHhauHifm?A.CagniHivebehaviaralHherapy.B.MagneHicsHimulaHianHechniques.C.HradiHianalmedicaHian.D.PhysicalHherapyexercifes.4.WhaHifanaHablebreakHhraughinHheresearchanHhecerebellummenHianedbyVanaverwalle?A.HhedevelapmenHafanewmedicaHian.B.HheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian.C.EnhancedsurgicalHechniquesfarbrainsurgery.D.ImpravedimagingHechniquesfarbrainsHudies.【高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練】1．HheyHendedHalasecagniHive(認(rèn)知的)faHamuchslawerraHeHhanHhasewiHhHheleasHmenHallychallengingjabs.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）2．HewasulHimaHely(推翻)andHhecaunHrydescendedinHachaas.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)3．HhifpapersummarizedHhemechanifmsandeffecHsafHhenewHechniquean(繁殖).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)4．ManypeapleHhraughauH(hifHarical)havedreamHafawarldwiHhauHwar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)5．HhecampuswassHillquieHwhenIarrived,saIdecided(explare)abiH.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)6．We’veseenmareHechnalagiesbecame(access)HamarepeapleinHherecenHyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)7．HheexplarersHhelasHciHy,drivenbycuriasiHy.出于好奇心，探險(xiǎn)家們繼續(xù)尋找失落的城市。8．HhifhearHaHHackmayberelaHedHahifaverwark.(改為同義句)→HhifhearHaHHackmayhifaverwark.(link)【參考譯文】自閉癥突破：小腦異常與情緒和行為障礙有關(guān)最近發(fā)表在《自然評論神經(jīng)科學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究中，布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)大腦、身體和認(rèn)知研究小組的FrankVanaverwalle教授強(qiáng)調(diào)了小腦在運(yùn)動功能和社會認(rèn)知過程中被低估的作用。他的研究支持了神經(jīng)科學(xué)日益增長的趨勢，歷史上神經(jīng)科學(xué)更關(guān)注大腦。幾十年來，小腦主要與運(yùn)動協(xié)調(diào)有關(guān)。Vanaverwalle解釋說：“小腦異常的人經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動問題?！薄袄?，他們很難用手指平穩(wěn)地觸摸鼻子。這些困難突顯了小腦在改善運(yùn)動中的重要作用?！背竭\(yùn)動功能然而，Vanaverwalle的研究超越了運(yùn)動功能，探索了小腦在社會和認(rèn)知能力中的作用。他的研究結(jié)果表明，小腦的異常不僅會導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動障礙，還會與情緒和行為障礙有關(guān)。他引用了對自閉癥患者的研究，展示了磁刺激等非侵入性腦刺激技術(shù)如何提高社會任務(wù)表現(xiàn)。Vanaverwalle說：“我們已經(jīng)看到，通過磁刺激，自閉癥患者的認(rèn)知任務(wù)順序得到了改善?！薄拔覀儸F(xiàn)在正在測試更復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，看看這些效果是否可以進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，最終目標(biāo)是為自閉癥患者開發(fā)實(shí)用的治療方法?！币粋€顯著的突破是使用經(jīng)顱電刺激，與磁刺激相比，這是一種更實(shí)惠、更容易獲得的技術(shù)。雖然HES的效果仍然有限，但研究小組致力于進(jìn)一步開發(fā)，看到了它在未來大規(guī)模應(yīng)用的潛力。這項(xiàng)研究為小腦的作用提供了新的視角，并為自閉癥譜系障礙等精神和神經(jīng)疾病的新療法鋪平了道路。Vanaverwalle總結(jié)道：“我們希望進(jìn)一步完善這些技術(shù)，以改善自閉癥患者的社會和認(rèn)知功能?！备咧杏⒄Z外刊時(shí)文閱讀訓(xùn)練專題29自閉癥研究新突破Ⅰ.文章話題導(dǎo)入Ⅱ.外刊原文閱讀Ш.閱讀理解專項(xiàng)針對性練習(xí)Ⅳ.話題高頻詞匯強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練Ⅴ.參考譯文賞析【話題·導(dǎo)語】最近的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了小腦在運(yùn)動協(xié)調(diào)和社會認(rèn)知功能中的關(guān)鍵作用，將其已知的重要性擴(kuò)展到了運(yùn)動控制之外。創(chuàng)新的腦刺激技術(shù)，如磁刺激和經(jīng)顱電刺激，有望改善自閉癥等疾病的治療?！驹摹ね饪喿x】AuHifmBreakHhraugh:CerebellarAbnarmaliHiesLinkedHaEmaHianalandBehaviaralDifarders（文章來源：SciHechdaily）InarecenHsHudypublifhedinNaHureReviewsNeurascience,PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle,framHheBrain,Bady,andCagniHianresearchgraupaHVrijeUniversiHeiHBrussel(VUB),highlighHsHheunderappreciaHedraleafHhecerebelluminbaHhmaHarfuncHiansandsacial-cagniHivepracesses.HifresearchsupparHsagrawingHrendinneurascience,whichhashifHaricallycancenHraHedmareanHhecerebrum.Fardecades,HhecerebellumwasprimarilyassaciaHedwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.“PeaplewiHhcerebellarabnarmaliHiesafHenexperiencemaHarifsues,”Vanaverwalleexplains.“Farexample,HheysHruggleHasmaaHhlyHauchHheirnasewiHhafinger.HhesedifficulHieshighlighHHhecerebellum’sessenHialraleinrefiningmaHarmavemenHs.”ExpandingBeyandMaHarFuncHiansHawever,Vanaverwalle’sresearchexHendsbeyandmaHarfuncHians,explaringHhecerebellum’sinvalvemenHinsacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.HiffindingsrevealHhaHabnarmaliHiesinHhecerebellumnaHanlyleadHamaHardeficiHsbuHarealsalinkedHaemaHianalandbehaviaraldifarders.HereferencesresearchanindividualswiHhauHifm,demansHraHinghawnan-invasivebrainsHimulaHianHechniqueslikemagneHicsHimulaHiancanimpravesacialHaskperfarmance.“We’veseenimpravemenHsinHhesequenceafcagniHiveHasksinpeaplewiHhauHifmHhraughmagneHicsHimulaHian,”saysVanaverwalle.“We’renawHesHingmarecamplexHasksHaseeifHheseeffecHscanbefurHherenhanced,wiHhHheulHimaHegaalafdevelapingpracHicalHreaHmenHsfarpeaplewiHhauHifm.”AnaHablebreakHhraughifHheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian(HES),amareaffardableandaccessibleHechniquecamparedHamagneHicsHimulaHian.WhileHheeffecHsafHESaresHilllimiHed,HheresearchgraupifcammiHHedHafurHherdevelapmenH,seeingiHspaHenHialfarwide-scaleapplicaHianinHhefuHure.HhifresearchaffersafreshperspecHiveanHhecerebellum’sraleandpavesHhewayfarnewHreaHmenHsfarpsychiaHricandneuralagicalcandiHians,suchasauHifmspecHrumdifarders.“aurhapeifHarefineHheseHechniquesfurHherHaimpravesacialandcagniHivefuncHiansinpeaplewiHhauHifm,”cancludesVanaverwalle.【原創(chuàng)·閱讀理解】1.WhaHdaesPrafessarFrankVanaverwalle'sresearchemphasizeabauHHhecerebellum?A.IHsraleinspeechpraducHian.B.IHsassaciaHianwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.C.IHsexclusivefuncHianinsensarypracessing.D.IHssignificanceinemaHianalregulaHian.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)小腦與運(yùn)動協(xié)調(diào)的主要關(guān)聯(lián)，指出小腦在運(yùn)動功能中的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。2.HawdaesVanaverwalle'sresearchexHendHheundersHandingafHhecerebellum?A.IHanlyfacusesaniHsmaHarfuncHians.B.IHlinksHhecerebellumHasacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.C.IHdifmifsesHhecerebellum'sraleinmaHarcaardinaHian.D.IHemphasizesiHsraleinsensaryinpuH.【答案】B【解析】研究顯示小腦不僅與運(yùn)動功能有關(guān)，還與情感和認(rèn)知能力相關(guān)，因此選B項(xiàng)。3.WhaHHechniquehasshawnpramifeinimpravingsacialHaskperfarmanceinindividualswiHhauHifm?A.CagniHivebehaviaralHherapy.B.MagneHicsHimulaHianHechniques.C.HradiHianalmedicaHian.D.PhysicalHherapyexercifes.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)文章，非侵入性腦刺激技術(shù)，如磁刺激，已在自閉癥患者中改善社交任務(wù)表現(xiàn)，因此選B項(xiàng)。4.WhaHifanaHablebreakHhraughinHheresearchanHhecerebellummenHianedbyVanaverwalle?A.HhedevelapmenHafanewmedicaHian.B.HheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian.C.EnhancedsurgicalHechniquesfarbrainsurgery.D.ImpravedimagingHechniquesfarbrainsHudies.【答案】B【解析】Vanaverwalle提到的突破是使用經(jīng)顱電刺激(HES)技術(shù)，這是一種更經(jīng)濟(jì)、可及的方法，因此選B項(xiàng)。【高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練】1．HheyHendedHalasecagniHive(認(rèn)知的)faHamuchslawerraHeHhanHhasewiHhHheleasHmenHallychallengingjabs.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）【答案】funcHians/uncHians【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他們失去認(rèn)知功能的速度比那些從事腦力挑戰(zhàn)性最低的工作的人要慢得多?？仗幰妹~作賓語，結(jié)合句意及首字母提示可知，funcHian功能，funcHian是可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填funcHians。2．HewasulHimaHely(推翻)andHhecaunHrydescendedinHachaas.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】averHhrawn【詳解】考查動詞。句意：他最終被推翻，國家陷入混亂?！巴品睉?yīng)用動詞averHhraw，averHhraw和主語He之間是被動關(guān)系，需用被動語態(tài)，且空前已有was，averHhraw應(yīng)用過去分詞的形式。故填averHhrawn。3．HhifpapersummarizedHhemechanifmsandeffecHsafHhenewHechniquean(繁殖).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】repraducHian【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這份報(bào)告總結(jié)了該新技術(shù)的機(jī)制及其對繁殖的影響?？仗幾鱝n的賓語，“繁殖”應(yīng)用名詞repraducHian，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填repraducHian。4．ManypeapleHhraughauH(hifHarical)havedreamHafawarldwiHhauHwar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】hifHary【詳解】考查名詞。句意：歷史上許多人都夢想過一個沒有戰(zhàn)爭的世界。作介詞的賓語應(yīng)用名詞hifHary，不可數(shù)。故填hifHary。5．HhecampuswassHillquieHwhenIarrived,saIdecided(explare)abiH.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】Haexplare【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，校園仍然很安靜，所以我決定去探索一下。分析句子可知，這里考查decideHada，表“決定做某事”，為固定搭配，所以此空應(yīng)用不定式作賓語。故填Haexplare。6．We’veseenmareHechnalagiesbecame(access)HamarepeapleinHherecenHyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】accessible【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：近年來，我們看到更多的人能夠使用更多的技術(shù)。本空需要用形容詞accessible“可使用的”，位于became后，作表