山西省太原市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

2/22022~2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高一年級期末考試英語試卷說明：本試卷為閉卷筆答，答題時間90分鐘，滿分100分。請將第I卷試題答案填在第1卷卷首的相應(yīng)位置。第I卷(共65分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分15分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。答案寫在答題卡上。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.例：Howmuchistheshirt?1.Whatisthegirl’spetnow?A.Acow.B.Asheep.C.Arabbit.2.Howwillthewomanprobablygethome?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.3.WhydoesthemanagreetogototheChinatown?A.ToenjoytheLanternFestivalB.Totrysometraditionalfood.C.Toexperiencethefestiveatmosphere.4.Whereisthemanprobablygoing?A.Totheoffice.B.ToEmma’shouse.C.Tothesupermarket.5.Whosuggestsclimbingthemountain?A.Mary.B.Mike.C.Janet.第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)聽下面3段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。答案寫在答題卡上。聽第6段材料．回答第6至8題。6.Wherewillthetwospeakerseat?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inafriend’shome.7Whatdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Hamburgers.B.Fishandchips.C.Chinesefood.8.WhatdoesthemanthinkofChinesedishes?A.They’retasty.B.They’reoily.C.They’rehealthy.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Howdoesthewomanfeelafterdoingtaichi?A.Energetic.B.Tired.C.Nervous.10.Whatdidthecoachadvisethewomantodo?A.Learntorelax.B.Focusondifficulties.C.Trysomeheavysports.11.WhyisShaolinKungfudifficult?A.Itneedsahealthybody.B.Itneedsalotofpractice.C.Itneedsquiteafewskills.聽第8段材料，回答第12至15題12.Howmuchwilltheglobaltemperaturehaverisenby2100?A.About2degrees.B.About3degrees.C.About6degrees.13.Whatisthebiggesteffectofglobalwarming?A.Thesealevelrise.B.Lessfoodsupply.C.Muchworseweather.14.Whichareawillsufferfromdryweather?A.Australia.B.SouthEurope.C.Brazil.15.Whatdoesthemandoattheendofthespeech?A.Expresshisworriesaboutthefuture.BRemindpeopleofthepossibledanger.C.Callonpeopletotakeactionrightnow.第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)詞匯填空(共5小題;每小題1分，満分5分)根據(jù)句意內(nèi)容，從方框中選出正確的詞匯，完成下列句子。A.whomB.balanceC.typicalD.regardlessofE.holdyourhorses1.HeinsistedonwearingaT-shirt________thebadweather.2.Mike,________andyouwillfindoutasolutiontothisproblem.3.Janeisanexpertonwriting,from________Ihavelearnedalot.4.Thereisnodoubtthatadultsshouldkeepa________betweenworkandlife.5.Pastaisa________Italianfoodmadefromflour,waterandsometimeseggs.【答案】1.D2.E3.A4.B5.C【解析】【1題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：不顧惡劣天氣，他堅持穿T恤。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“不管”為regardlessof與空后的thebadweather構(gòu)成句子狀語。故選D項。【2題詳解】考查祈使句。句意：邁克，別著急，你會找到解決這個問題的辦法的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)“祈使句+and+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“別著急，別沖動”為holdyourhorses符合句意。故選E項?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：Jane是寫作專家，我從他身上學(xué)到了很多東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞指人，所以用whom。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：毫無疑問，成年人應(yīng)該在工作和生活之間保持平衡。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為名詞作賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“平衡”為balance符合句意。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：意大利面是一種典型的意大利食品，由面粉，水制成，有時由雞蛋制成。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“典型的”為typical符合句意。故選C項。第二節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A.B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。答案寫在答題卡上。Asabackpacker(背包客),Iamgoodatfindinglastminuteflightsthatallowedmetoreachmydestinationsaffordably.The____6____?Flyoutontheholidayitself.Justasmyrighthandwasstartingtofeelsorefromallthe____7____,IfounditontheInternet:MexicoCity,round____8____LeaveonChristnasDay,whichIdon’tcelebrate,andflybackonNewYear’sDay,astherewasnoNewYear’sEve____9____toattend.Iwasalso____10____tofindahome-stayontheInternet.EachmorningIwoketothebestblackcoffee,whichmyhostfatheraffectionatelycalled“gasolina”.Mostdays,myhostmotherwouldtakemetotown.She’dshowmethesitesnotonthetourists’____11____.Icouldn’tbelievehow____12____thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鵝卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolorwhenthelighthitthemandit____13____me.Timepassedquickly.Iwasalreadywishingtostaylonger____14____NewYearwasalreadyuponus.Notwantingto_____15_____myhostfamily,Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone,buttheyinsistedI_____16_____withthem.Weateafeastofsaladsandmeats.AsIsattheredrinking,Ilookedoveratmyhostfamily,whomI’d_____17_____formerelyaweek.Everyoneinthefamilyhuggedmeandwishedmeahappynewyear.EveryonewantedtomakesureIwas_____18_____.Wehavebecomegoodfriends.Withmyhostfamilygettingreadyforbed,Ihadto_____19_____beforereturningtomyroomtogetreadyformyearlyflight.Thisexperienceremindedmewhat_____20_____areallabout:friendsandfamilyinwhateverformtheycomein.6.A.line B.course C.trick D.intention7.A.competing B.clicking C.sharing D.holding8.A.trip B.face C.plate D.world9.A.lecture B.college C.wedding D.party10.A.curious B.patient C.lucky D.cautious11.A.maps B.wallets C.customs D.diaries12.A.narrow B.similar C.complex D.beautiful13.A.mentioned B.attracted C.disappointed D.examined14.A.but B.and C.if D.so15.A.follow B.encourage C.disturb D.impress16.A.succeed B.compare C.repeat D.celebrate17.A.interviewed B.admired C.known D.supported18.A.comfortable B.afraid C.surprised D.homesick19.A.takecare B.saygoodbye C.makesense D.turnup20.A.beliefs B.holidays C.methods D.promises【答案】6.C7.B8.A9.D10.C11.A12.D13.B14.A15.C16.D17.C18.A19.B20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述作者個人的旅行經(jīng)歷，闡述了假期的意義在于：朋友和家人。無論他們是什么形式出現(xiàn)，這些都給作者留下了深刻的記憶?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個背包客，我擅長在最后一分鐘找到能讓我負擔(dān)得起的到達目的地的航班。有什么訣竅呢？盡管飛出去放松吧。A.line線；B.course課程；C.trick秘訣，把戲；D.intention目的。根據(jù)前文“Iamgoodatfindinglastminuteflightsthatallowedmetoreachmydestinationsaffordably.”可知，作為一名背包客，作者擅長在最后一分鐘找到能讓自己負擔(dān)得起的到達目的地的航班，這個訣竅就是在假期的時候乘坐飛機出去度假放松，故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正當(dāng)我的右手開始因為所有的點擊而感到疼痛時，我在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上找到了它：墨西哥城，往返旅行，在我不慶祝的圣誕日離開，在元旦那天飛回來，因為新年前一天沒有派對要參加。A.competing競爭；B.clicking點擊；C.sharing分享；D.holding握住。根據(jù)后文“IfounditontheInternet:MexicoCity”可知，作者反復(fù)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上尋找旅游之地，故右手因為點擊網(wǎng)頁而感到酸痛。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.trip旅行；B.face臉；C.plate盤子；D.world世界。根據(jù)后文“andflybackonNewYear’sDay,astherewasnoNewYear’sEve____4____toattend.”可知，作者選擇的是往返旅行。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.lecture講座；B.college大學(xué)；C.wedding婚禮；D.party聚會。根據(jù)前文的“noNewYear’sEve”可知，新年前一天作者沒有派對要參加。故選D。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我還很幸運地在網(wǎng)上找到了一個寄宿家庭。A.curious好奇的；B.patient有耐心的；C.lucky幸運的；D.cautious謹慎的。根據(jù)后文“EachmorningIwoketothebestblackcoffee,whichmyhostfatheraffectionatelycalled“gasolina”.”可知，因為寄宿家庭上了年紀(jì)的男主人在每天早晨作者醒來時都會給他提供好喝的黑咖啡。所以可以得知，作者幸運地找到了寄宿家庭。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她會指給我看游客地圖上沒有的景點。A.maps地圖；B.wallets錢包；C.customs習(xí)俗；D.diaries日記。根據(jù)后文“She’dshowmethesites”可知，寄宿家庭的女主人會指給作者看游客地圖上沒有的景點。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我簡直不敢相信這個小鎮(zhèn)是如此美麗——古老的鵝卵石和色彩鮮艷的建筑在陽光照射下會變色，這吸引了我。A.narrow狹窄的；B.similar相似的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)后文“thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鵝卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolor”可知，古老的鵝卵石和色彩鮮艷的建筑在陽光照射下會變色這是如此的美麗。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.mentioned提及；B.attracted吸引；C.disappointed使失望；D.examined檢查。根據(jù)前文“how____7____thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鵝卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolor”可知，古老的鵝卵石和色彩鮮艷的建筑在陽光照射下會變色這是如此的美麗，這吸引了作者。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我本想多待一陣兒，但新年馬上就要到了。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.if如果；D.so所以。根據(jù)后文“NewYearwasalreadyuponus”可知，作者希望能夠多待一會，可是新年即將到來，即不能停留時間過長。故前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想打擾我的寄宿家庭，我打算一個人慶祝這個節(jié)日，但他們堅持要我和他們一起慶祝。A.follow跟隨；B.encourage鼓勵；C.disturb打擾；D.impress使印象深刻。根據(jù)后文“Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone,”可知，作者不想打擾寄宿家庭的夫婦。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.succeed成功；B.compare比較；C.repeat重復(fù)；D.celebrate慶祝。根據(jù)前文“Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone”可知，作者不想打擾寄宿家庭的老夫婦，打算一個人慶祝這個節(jié)日，但他們堅持要作者和他們一起慶祝。故選D。【17題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我坐在那里喝酒時，我看著我的寄宿家庭，我認識他們只有一個星期。A.interviewed面試；B.admired欽佩；C.known知道，認識；D.supported支持。根據(jù)前文的“whom”可知，此處whom指代前文的“寄宿家庭”，即表示作者認識寄宿家庭的這對夫婦只有一個星期。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都想讓我過得舒服些。我們成了好朋友。A.comfortable舒服的；B.afraid害怕的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.homesick想家的。根據(jù)前文“Everyoneinthefamilyhuggedmeandwishedmeahappynewyear.”可知，寄宿家庭中家里的每個人都擁抱作者，祝愿作者新年快樂，即讓作者感到舒服。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我的寄宿家庭準(zhǔn)備睡覺時，我不得不在回房間準(zhǔn)備早班飛機前說再見。A.takecare照顧；B.saygoodbye道別；C.makesense說得通；D.turnup調(diào)高，出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“beforereturningtomyroomtogetreadyformyearlyflight.”可知，作者不得不在回房間準(zhǔn)備早班飛機前說再見。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷提醒了我假期的意義：朋友和家人，無論他們是什么形式。A.belief信念；B.holidays假期；C.methods方法；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)段首“Flyoutontheholidayitself.”可知，作者通過這次經(jīng)歷，讓作者明白了乘坐航班外出旅行的意義就是飛出去度假結(jié)識他人和朋友。故此處表示這次經(jīng)歷提醒了作者假期的意義。故選B。第三部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B,C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。答案寫在答題卡上注意：C篇分A、B兩種題型，A(易)題型為客觀題，B(難)題型為主觀題。AJanuaryisthetimefornewbeginnings,andFloridaplanstostart2023strongwithafun-filledlineupofentertainingevents.StartyouryearoffrightatoneoftheseeventshappeninginFlorida.SouthFloridaFair,WestPalmBeachVisitWestPalmBeachtoenjoymorethan200rides,fivestagesofnationalconcertacts,livestockshows,andtonsofactivitiestokeepthekidsentertained.You’llwanttocomehungry,asit’stheplacetohavefairfoodlikecorndogsbeforewatchingthelovableracingpigs.Dates:January17th-February2nd,2023Visit:ArtDecoWeekend,MiamiBeachTherearemorethan85eventstoattend,includingaBarkDecoDogShowandaJazzAge.Bringtheentirefamilyouttoenjoythelivemusicandavarietyoffoods,drinksandstreettheaterthatwillbedisplayed.Thenlistentolivelecturesandgoonguidedtoursofthearea.Dates:January17th-19th,2023Visit:FilmFestival,St.AugustineFilmenthusiastswon’twanttomissoutontheFilmFestival,asyou’llfindvariousviewingopportunities.Youcancatchfilmsthatareusuallyscreenedinthefestival,withthisyear’shighlightsincludingmanylight-heartedcomediesfromaroundtheworld,aswellasexcellentfilmsfromindependentfilmmakers.Dates:January16th-19th,2023Visit：ManateeFestival,CrystalRiverOfferingachancetocelebrateFlorida’sfamousgentlegiants,theManateeFestivalisalsoagreattimetoenjoythebeautifuloutdoors.ManateeslovethenaturalspringwatersofCrystalRiver,andthisfestivalcelebratesitsbelovedwinteranimalswithfreeaccesstoboattoursandlocalseafoodofferings.Dates:January18th-19th,2023Visit:21.Whichistheidealplaceforjazzlovers?A.CrystalRiver. B.Miami C.St.Augustine. D.WestPalm22.WhenisFilmFestivalcelebrated?A.January16th-19th,2023. B.January17th-19th,2023.C.January18th-19th,2023. D.January17th-February2nd,2023.23.WhatmightvisitorsexperienceduringManateeFestival?A.Racingpigs. B.Livelectures.C.Outdoorscenery D.Light-heartedmovies.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了佛羅里達州計劃的一系列充滿樂趣的娛樂活動?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArtDecoWeekend,MiamiBeach部分中“Therearemorethan85eventstoattend,includingaBarkDecoDogShowandaJazzAge.(這里有超過85項活動，包括BarkDecoDogShow和JazzAge。)”以及“Bringtheentirefamilyouttoenjoythelivemusicandavarietyoffoods,drinksandstreettheaterthatwillbedisplayed.(全家人一起出去享受現(xiàn)場音樂和各種食物，飲料和街頭戲劇表演。)”可知，Miami是爵士樂愛好者的理想之地。故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FilmFestival,St.Augustine部分中“Dates:January16th-19th,2023(時間：2023年1月16日-19日)”可知，F(xiàn)ilmFestival是在2023年1月16日-19日慶祝。故選A。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ManateeFestival,CrystalRiver部分中“OfferingachancetocelebrateFlorida’sfamousgentlegiants,theManateeFestivalisalsoagreattimetoenjoythebeautifuloutdoors.(海牛節(jié)提供了一個機會來慶祝佛羅里達州著名的溫柔巨人，也是一個享受美麗戶外的好時機。)”可知，海牛節(jié)讓人享受到了美好的戶外風(fēng)景。故選C。BAsahuman,youmayhaveexperiencedaphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)commonlyknownas“dessertstomach.”Youcometotheendofalargemeal,feelinglikeyoucouldn’tpossiblyeatanotherpieceoffood.Thendessertisoffered,andyourappetite(食欲)suddenlyreappears.Itwouldappearasifacornerofyourstomachhasbeensetasideforit.Whatyoumaynotknowisthat“dessertstomach”canalsobereferredtoas“sensory-specificsatiety(飽足)”,referstotheideathatthefeelingoffullnessafteralargemealdoesn’tmeanthatyourbodyiscompletelyfull.Instead,yourbodyisfilledorboredwiththeflavorofwhateveryouwerejusteating.Thisiswhywhenanotherfoodwithadifferentflavorispresented,yousuddenlyfeelabletofitmorefoodintoyourbody.Inotherwords,thepromiseofadifferenttypeoffoodandyourbody’sdesiretoconsumeitcanpreventyourbrainfromtellingyourbodyit’strulyfull.WhyhumansexperienceSSScouldberelatedtothehumandevelopment.WhatSSSteachesusisthatthehumanbodyiscapableofconsumingfoodbeyondnormallimits.Thisabilitywaslikelyusefulthousandsofyearsagowhenfoodwasnotreadilyavailable.Atriskoffoodshortage,apersoncouldpushtheirbodywithwhateverfoodwasathandtocreateanenergystoreincasesuppliesrantoolow.Theproblemisthatformanypeopletoday,foodshortageisnotapresentdanger.Thus,SSScaneasilyresultinpeopleovereatingandexperiencingunhealthyweightgain.So,thenexttimeyoufindyourselfeyeingadeliciouscakeordoughnutoveryouralreadyfullstomach,rememberthatyou’veprobablyalreadyeatenyourfill,nomatterhowmuchyourbodyseemstobescreaming,“Eatit!”24.Whatmakesa“dessertstomach”afteralargemeal?A.Ahealthyappetite. B.Thefeelingoffullness.C.Adifferentflavor. D.Theboredomfromdessert.25.WhatmightbeapossibleresultofSSSnowadays?A.Morefoodwaste. B.Thefoodshortage.C.Goodenergystore. D.People’soverweight.26.Whatissuggestedoneatingsweetswitha“dessertstomach”?A.Droppingtheidea. B.Enjoyingthedessert.C.Choosingotherfood. D.Throwingawaycakes.【答案】24.C25.D26.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“甜點胃”的現(xiàn)象，同時指出這種現(xiàn)象的造成的不良后果，并提出相應(yīng)的解決建議?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Instead,yourbodyisfilledorboredwiththeflavorofwhateveryouwerejusteating.Thisiswhywhenanotherfoodwithadifferentflavorispresented,yousuddenlyfeelabletofitmorefoodintoyourbody.(相反，你的身體會被你剛剛吃的東西的味道填滿或厭倦。這就是為什么當(dāng)另一種味道不同的食物出現(xiàn)時，你突然覺得可以把更多的食物塞進你的身體?！?可知，在一頓大餐之后還會出現(xiàn)“甜點胃”的現(xiàn)象是因為當(dāng)另一種味道不同的食物出現(xiàn)時你突然覺得可以把更多的食物塞進你的身體，即另一種食物的味道起到的作用。故選C。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thus,SSScaneasilyresultinpeopleovereatingandexperiencingunhealthyweightgain.(因此，SSS很容易導(dǎo)致人們暴飲暴食，并經(jīng)歷不健康的體重增加。)”可知，SSS很容易導(dǎo)致人們暴飲暴食，并經(jīng)歷不健康的體重增加。故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,thenexttimeyoufindyourselfeyeingadeliciouscakeordoughnutoveryouralreadyfullstomach,rememberthatyou’veprobablyalreadyeatenyourfill,nomatterhowmuchyourbodyseemstobescreaming,“Eatit!”(所以，下次當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在已經(jīng)吃飽的肚子上盯著美味的蛋糕或甜甜圈時，記住你可能已經(jīng)吃飽了，不管你的身體似乎在尖叫著：“吃吧!”)”可知，有“甜點胃”的人吃甜食的時候記住自己已經(jīng)吃飽了，不管身體怎么互換要在吃甜食，即放棄這種想法。故選A。C以下A(易)、B(難)兩種題型任選一種，做A題型的不做B,做B題型的不做A.(以下是A種題型)ThepopulationofmonarchspassingthewinterinMexicoappearstohavefallen.Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.Themoresuccessfulgardenshadmoremilkweed(乳汁草)andbloomingplants,multiplemilkweedspecies,andtendedtobelargerplots.ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So,shesaid,“Youjustneedoneplant.”In2020,duringthesecondseasonofthestudy,thenumberofcaterpillarsdroppedeventhoughthenumberofparticipantsinthestudymorethandoubled.Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.“Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(陽臺)isdoingsomething,”Klingersaid.27.WhatdoesKlingerimplyaboutmonarchgardensinparagraph2?AMoremilkweedisamustforlargerplots.B.It’snecessarytoparticipateinthisproject.C.It’seasyforcitizenstogardenformonarchs.D.Oneplantcanalsomakeagreatdifference.28.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.BadweatherseeninthesouthernUS.B.Factorsleadingtothemonarch’sdecline.C.Humanactivitiescausingharmtobutterflies.D.Plantsresponsibleforthemonarch’sreproduction.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimum”inparagraph5mean?AFixed. B.Special. C.Perfect. D.Acceptable.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GardenersLendAllInsectsaHandB.PlantMilkweedtoSaveMonarchsC.CitiesProvidetheBestHabitatforMonarchsD.NecessaryApproachestoHelpingoutButterflies【答案】27.D28.B29.C30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了芝加哥的菲爾德博物館為了能增加在墨西哥過冬的帝王蝶數(shù)量做了很多的努力。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So,shesaid,“Youjustneedoneplant.”(但菲爾德博物館的專家Klinger說，有一位參與者只拿了一株植物，就看到了卵一直變成蛹。所以，她說：“你只需要一株植物?！?”可推斷，Klinger認為，一株植物也會對增加帝王蝶數(shù)量方面有所幫助。故選D?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.(芝加哥經(jīng)歷了一個炎熱干燥的夏天，這是有記錄以來最熱的夏天，Klinger說這可能影響了乳汁草植物的健康。來自墨西哥的報告指出，這個季節(jié)東部人口的下降伴隨著森林損失的增加，森林損失是一年前的4倍，主要是由于非法砍伐樹木，以及遭受風(fēng)和干旱的樹木。但他們也表示，美國南部春季和夏季的天氣條件不利于乳汁草的開花和卵子的發(fā)育，這在很大程度上限制了乳汁草的繁殖)”可知，本段主要分析了帝王蝶數(shù)量減少的原因。故選B?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“it’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(現(xiàn)在是時候開始為今年夏天做準(zhǔn)備了)”以及第四段“Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.(芝加哥經(jīng)歷了一個炎熱干燥的夏天，這是有記錄以來最熱的夏天，Klinger說這可能影響了乳汁草植物的健康)”和“ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.(但他們也表示，美國南部春季和夏季的天氣條件不利于乳汁草的開花和卵子的發(fā)育，這在很大程度上限制了乳汁草的繁殖)”可知，現(xiàn)在正是種植馬利筋的最佳時機。選項A“Fixed(固定的)”；選項B“Special(特別的)”；選項C“Perfect(完美的)”；選項D“Acceptable(可接受的)”。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(現(xiàn)在，對伊利諾伊州的帝王蝶來說，好消息來了：芝加哥的菲爾德博物館正在試圖弄清楚是什么才能讓這座城市的帝王蝶花園成功，現(xiàn)在是時候開始為今年夏天做準(zhǔn)備了)”可知，芝加哥的菲爾德博物館正在想辦法增加帝王蝶在墨西哥過冬的數(shù)量；再根據(jù)最后一段““Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(陽臺)isdoingsomething,”Klingersaid.(“但現(xiàn)在是開始計劃種植馬利筋的最佳時機。最好的辦法是做你能做的。你陽臺上花盆里的乳汁草正在起作用，”Klinger說。)”可知，專家號召人們多種植馬利筋以為帝王蝶提供生存環(huán)境，從而增加帝王蝶的數(shù)量。由此可知，“PlantMilkweedtoSaveMonarchs(種植乳汁草拯救帝王蝶)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。(以下是B種題型)閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答后面的問題。ThepopulationofmonarchspassingthewinterinMexicoappearstohavefallen.Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.Themoresuccessfulgardenshadmoremilkweed(乳汁草)andbloomingplants，multiplemilkweedspecies，andtendedtobelargerplots.ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So，shesaid，“Youjustneedoneplant.”In2020,duringthesecondseasonofthestudy,thenumberofcaterpillarsdroppedeventhoughthenumberofparticipantsinthestudymorethandoubled.Chicagosawahot,drysummer——itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.“Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(陽臺)isdoingsomething，”Klingersaid.31.What’stheintentionoftheFieldMuseumproject?________________32.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?________________33.Whywasthereanincreaseintheforestloss?________________34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheFieldMuseumproject?________________【答案】31.Tofigureouthowtomakeasuccessfulurbanmonarchgarden.32.AnintroductiontotheFieldMuseumproject.33.Becauseoftheillegaltreecuttingaswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.34.Positive/Approving/Optimistic.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了菲爾德博物館研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一種稱為馬利筋的植物是使帝王花園成功的原因。【31題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(現(xiàn)在，伊利諾伊州昆蟲的好消息是：芝加哥的菲爾德博物館正試圖弄清楚是什么造就了這座城市成功的帝王花園，現(xiàn)在開始為今年夏天做準(zhǔn)備是合適的。)”可知，菲爾德博物館想弄清楚是什么使得該城市的帝王花園取得成功的。故答案為Tofigureouthowtomakeasuccessfulurbanmonarchgarden.?！?2題詳解】考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.(菲爾德博物館項目涉及公民報告研究人員無法每天走進的空間，如后院。參與者每周發(fā)送報告，包括花園的組成，以及卵和毛毛蟲的發(fā)育。)”可知，菲爾德博物館項目參與者要報告自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此可知，該段的主題是介紹菲爾德博物館的項目。故答案是AnintroductiontotheFieldMuseumproject.。【33題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.(墨西哥的報告指出，本季東部人口下降之前，森林損失增加，是一年前的4倍，主要是由于非法砍伐樹木以及受風(fēng)和干旱襲擊的樹木。)”可知，森林減少的量是一年前的4倍，基本上源于非法砍伐，以及自然災(zāi)害造成的森林數(shù)量減少。故答案是Becauseoftheillegaltreecuttingaswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.。【34題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)首段中的“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(現(xiàn)在，伊利諾伊州昆蟲的好消息是：芝加哥的菲爾德博物館正試圖弄清楚是什么造就了這座城市成功的帝王花園，現(xiàn)在開始為今年夏天做準(zhǔn)備是合適的。)”可知，作者在講述這一研究時，用到了goodnews，由此可以推斷，作者認為菲爾德博物館項目是積極樂觀的。故答案是Positive/Approving/Optimistic.。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。答案寫在答題卡上。Fewthingsareaswonderfulasvisitingabeautifulnaturalplace,breathingthefreshairandenjoyingthebeauty.____35____Peoplecanloveaplacetodeathiftheyaren’tcareful.In1990,theLeaveNoTracemovementattemptedtohelp.Theyintroducedthefollowingprinciplestoencouragepeopletobothenjoyandprotectthegreatoutdoors.Planahead.____36____Checktheweatherforecast,planwhatclothingtowear,andthinkaboutawatersupply.Also,checkthearea’srulesforuse.Throwawaywasteproperly.Neverleavegarbagebehind.Don’tleaveyourfoodwrappers,cansorleftovers.____37____Respectwildlife.Youshouldstayatleast100metersawayfromwildlife,soyoudon’tdisturbanyanimals.____38____Protectyourfoodsothatanimalscan’tgetintoit,anddon’tfeedtheanimalsonanything.Humanfoodisn’tgoodforthem,andbecomingcomfortablewithhumansisdangerousforthem.Theymayforgethowtosurviveinthewildorbecomelessafraidofhumans.____39____Don’tmakeloudnoisesorplayloudmusicwhenyou’reoutinnaturalenvironments.Itannoysboththeanimalsandhumans.Don’ttravelinlargegroupsasitmakesittroublesomeforothertravelerstomovearoundonthepaths.Theprinciplesabovecanhelpeveryonesharetheoutdoorscomfortably.Weallneedtotakecareoftheearthweknowandlove.A.Bekindtoothervisitors.B.Whatyoutakein,takeout.C.Butenjoyingnaturecomesataprice.D.Gettingtooclosecouldbedangerous.E.Thismeansmorethanjustdecidingwhichdaytogo.【答案】35.C36.E37.B38.D39.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要告訴讀者在外旅游時，要學(xué)會保護環(huán)境，做到“無痕旅游”?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Peoplecanloveaplacetodeathiftheyaren’tcareful.(如果不小心，那些美景可能會因人類的偏愛而遭到毀滅性的破壞。)”可知，作者認為如果人們旅游時不小心，會破壞這個地方。選項C“Butenjoyingnaturecomesataprice.(但是享受自然是有代價的)”符合語境，說明享受自然要付出代價，與下文內(nèi)容一致，代價可能會造成破壞。故選C。【36題詳解】根據(jù)首句“Planahead.(提前計劃)”可知，作者建議讀者在旅游時要提前計劃。再根據(jù)下文“Checktheweatherforecast,planwhatclothingtowear,andthinkaboutawatersupply.Also,checkthearea’srulesforuse.(查看天氣預(yù)報，計劃穿什么衣服，并考慮供水。此外，請查看該地區(qū)的旅游規(guī)則)”可知，下文提到了具體計劃那些事務(wù)。選項E“Thismeansmorethanjustdecidingwhichdaytogo.(這不僅僅意味著決定哪一天去)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，符合本段主要內(nèi)容。故選E。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Throwawaywasteproperly.Neverleavegarbagebehind.Don’tleaveyourfoodwrappers,cansorleftovers.(合理丟棄廢物。不要留下垃圾。不要留下你的食品包裝紙、罐頭或剩菜)”可知，在本段中，作者建議讀者不要在旅游景點留下垃圾。選項B“Whatyoutakein,takeout.(帶進去什么就帶出來什么)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，都建議讀者不要留下垃圾。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youshouldstayatleast100metersawayfromwildlife,soyoudon’tdisturbanyanimals.(你應(yīng)該與野生動物保持至少100米的距離，這樣你就不會打擾到任何動物)”可知，作者建議讀者和野生動物保持一定的距離。選項D“Gettingtooclosecouldbedangerous.(離得太近可能會很危險)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，也是建議讀者要遠離動物。故選D。【39題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Don’tmakeloudnoisesorplayloudmusicwhenyou’reoutinnaturalenvironments.Itannoysboththeanimalsandhumans.Don’ttravelinlargegroupsasitmakesittroublesomeforothertravelerstomovearoundonthepaths.(當(dāng)你在自然環(huán)境中外出時，不要大聲喧嘩或播放大聲的音樂。那會惹惱動物和人類。不要和一大群人一起旅行，因為這會給其他旅行者在路上走動帶來麻煩)”可知，在本段中，作者建議讀者要考慮其他旅行者的感受。選項A“Bekindtoothervisitors.(善待其他游客)”正是此意，為本段主要內(nèi)容。故選A。第II卷(共35分)第四部分短文填空(共10小糖;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It’scommonknowledgethatmostpeoplelovebreakfast.Unfortunately,wehavealotofdifferenttypesofbreakfastsavailable,____40____makeschoosi