2022高考英語一輪復習Module2繪畫建筑等領域的代表性作品和人物訓練（含解析）選修8

繪畫、建筑等領域的代表性作品和人物Ⅰ.閱讀理解IntheRenaissancePeriod,peoplebecameinterestedinhighereducation.TheywantedtolearntheancientlanguagessuchasGreekandLatin—languagesthatwereusedintheoldtimes,andstudymathematics,science,andsoon.Manyuniversitiesweresetupduringthe16thcentury.Universityeducationwasaprivilegeoftherich.Girlswerenotallowedtoattendandpoorpeoplecouldnotaffordtogo.Amemberofawealthyfamilycouldattenduniversityattheageoften.HemightstudyindifferentuniversitiesandsincetheteachingwasalldoneinLatin,itdidn’tmatterwhichcountryhestudiedin.ItwasnotunusualforayoungboystudyoneyearinItalyandanotherinFrancewithoutspeakingeitherFrenchorItalian.Itwaspossibleinthe16thcenturytopleteuniversitywithoutlearninghowtoreadorwrite.Sincebookswerehandwritten,therewasnotenoughtogiveonetoeachstudent.Often,onlytheteacherhadabook.Hewouldreadtothestudentswhowouldmemorizewhathesaid.Testswereoral,notwritten.Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.Forthenotsowealthy,grammarschoolswerebuiltintowns.Theylearnedbasicgrammarandmathematics,andtookpartinBiblestudy.Athome,girlslearnedwashing,cooking,dancing,andhowtotakecareoftheirfamily.Poorchildrenrarelyattendedschool.TheRenaissancewasatimewhenlearnersdidnotsimplyacceptwhattheywereold.Theydidscientificexperimentsthemselvestosearchforanswerstothemysteriesofthespace.CopernicuscalculatedthattheearthturnedaroundthesunbutwasafraidtopublishhisworksforfearthattheChurchwouldpunishhim.Galileolatersupportedthis.Thewatch,thetelescopeandsomeothersweresomeinventionsofthisperiod.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了文藝復興時期建立一些大學以及人們接受教育的情況。1．Whywerealotofuniversitiesbuiltduringthe16thcentury?A．Becausehighereducationbecamepeople’sconcern.B．Becausepeoplewereinterestedininventingthings.C．Becausepeopledesiredtogetridofignorance.D．Becausepeoplewereeagertolearnadvancedlanguages.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，在文藝復興時期，人們對高等教育感興趣，他們想學習古代語言、數(shù)學、科學等，所以在16世紀建起很多大學。由此可知選A。2．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheuniversitiesinthe16thcentury?A．Whetherboysorgirls,allthechildrenbornintoawealthyfamilycouldgotouniversity.B.AmanwhocouldonlyspeakFrenchwasnotallowedtogotouniversity.C．OnlyifhespokeLatincouldarichyoungmanstudyinanyEuropeanuniversity.D.Allchildrenoftencouldgotouniversity.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，在16世紀，不允許女孩上大學，窮人上不起，富人家的孩子有的10歲就能上大學。所有的教學都是用拉丁語，所以即使不會說法語或意大利語也可以在法國或意大利上學，并且在哪個國家都可以。故選C。3．Whichofthefollowingistruefortheuniversitystudentsinthe16thcentury?A．Amajorityofthemwereabletowritebooks.B．ManyofthemcouldreadbooksinGreekorLatin.C．Theyfinishedtestsonlybyspeaking.D．Theygraduatedafterhandinginthepaperstheyhadfinished.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Testswereoral,notwritten.Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.”可知，測試都是口頭的不是書面的，很多學生不會寫一個單詞就完成學業(yè)了。故選C。4．Whowasagainsttheopinionthattheearthturnedaroundthesun?A．Copernicus. B．Galileo.C．Universityteachers. D．TheChurch.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Copernicuscalculatedthat...supportedthis.”可知，哥白尼計算出地球圍著太陽轉，害怕教會懲罰他就沒有發(fā)表他的作品，伽利略支持哥白尼的觀點。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空TheSistineChapelCeilingpaintedbyMichelangeloisoneofthemostfamousartworksoftheHighRenaissance.Nowthegreatmaster’s1hasbeenrecreatedbysimplecross-stitching(十字繡)．IttookMichelangelofour2—from1508to1512—to3theSistineChapelCeiling.Itscross-stitchreproduction,4，tookfourmoreyearstocopyinallitsamazingdetail.JoannaLopianowski-Roberts,aCanadianneedleworker,44,5atleastonehoureverydaywiththeworkonherlap.By6aThe7extraordinaryprojectstartedinOctober1995.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,Joannawould8severalchallengesthatbroughthercloseto9pletely.Asisthemethodwithcross-stitching,Joannahadtopre-designan10foreachpaintingoftheSistineChapelCeilingandthen11allofthe45sectionswithcoloranddetailbystitching.Togetthe12rightforeachpainting,Joannahadtogeta(n)13close-up(特寫照片)ofeachpiecewhichcamefromseveraldifferent14.SheevenboughtbooksfromRometomakesureshehada(n)15depiction(描繪)ofeverypartofMichelangelo’swork.Joanna’sSistineChapel,which1640inchesby80inches,isnowkept17atherhome.And18holdingtheitemclosetoherheart,shesaysshewouldsellittotherightbuyerfortheright19.Heracplishmenthasnowbeen20inJoanna’sbookIntheFootstepsofMichelangelo:TheSistineChapelCeiling語篇解讀：本文介紹了加拿大的一位工人用十字繡繡出米開朗基羅的作品《西斯庭教堂天頂畫》。1．A.original B．bookC．invention D．description解析：選A此處指這位偉大畫家的原作被簡單的十字繡重新創(chuàng)作出來。original“原物，原作”。2．A.months B．yearsC．decades D．century解析：選B根據(jù)空后面的“from1508to1512”可知米開朗基羅完成他的作品《西斯庭教堂天頂畫》用了四年。故選B。3．A.connect B．imitateC．plete D．search解析：選C參見上題解析。4．A.therefore B．otherwiseC．meanwhile D．however解析：選D此處指然而這幅十字繡復制品用了四年多。前后是轉折關系，所以選D。5．A.wasted B．tookC．cost D．spent解析：選DJoannaLopianowski-Roberts每天花費至少一個小時來繡這件作品。spend表示“花費(時間、金錢)”，主語是人。故選D。6．Abining B．providingC．mitting D．obtaining解析：選C通過付出總共3572個小時，她的夢想終于實現(xiàn)了。mit在此處表示“付出時間”。7．A.found B．observedC．timed D．calculated解析：選C此處指她的丈夫AaronRoberts用秒表精確給她計時。timev．“計時”。8．A.predict B．faceC．overe D．a(chǎn)pply解析：選B此處指面對挑戰(zhàn)。facev．“面對”。9．A.givingin B．givingupC．givingaway D．givingway解析：選BJoanna經(jīng)常面對挑戰(zhàn)，這些挑戰(zhàn)使她要完全放棄。givein“屈服”；giveup“放棄”；giveaway“泄露秘密，贈送”；giveway“倒塌”。10．A.outline B．outeC．drawback D．a(chǎn)dventure解析：選A此處指她要提前設計出《西斯庭教堂天頂畫》這幅畫的每部分繪畫的輪廓。outline“輪廓”。11．A.fillin B．cutinC.setup D．putup解析：選A通過十字繡填充所有彩色的45個部分和細微的地方。fillin“填充”。12．A.history B．detailC．work D．direction解析：選B為了理解每部分繪畫的細微部分，Joanna必須得到每部分的特寫照片。detailn．“(照片、繪畫等的)細部，局部，次要部分”。13．A.independent B．uniqueC．individual D．plex解析：選C此處指每部分的單獨的特寫照片。individualadj.“單獨的，個別的”。14．A.solutions B．sidesC．shelves D．sources解析：選D每部分都有不同的來源。sourcen．“來源”。15．A.exciting B．a(chǎn)mazingC．rough D．a(chǎn)ccurate解析：選D她從羅馬買來書來確保精確地描繪出米開朗基羅的這部作品。accurateadj.“精確的”。16．A.means B．measuresC．has D．remains解析：選B這幅畫長80英寸，寬40英寸。measurev．(指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為。17．Afortably B．a(chǎn)nxiouslyC．cleanly D．safely解析：選DJoanna的SistineChapel現(xiàn)在安全地保存在家里。safelyadv.“安全地”。18．A.with B．beyondC．despite D．through解析：選C盡管她很珍惜這件東西，她會以合適的價格賣給合適的買主。despiteprep.“盡管”。19．A.quality B．a(chǎn)mountC．money D．price解析：選D參見上題解析。20．A.documented B．a(chǎn)nnouncedC．researched D．ignored解析：選A此處指Joanna的成就在她的書中記錄下來了。documentv．“用文件證實或證明(某事)”。Ⅲ.語法填空TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseofthe1(renew)interestinancientGreekandRomanculture2beganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.Artistsandwritersturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterand3(seek)tomaketheirworksunderstandableand4(appeal)．These5(change)inoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswell6thewaymusicwasposedandexperienced.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusic7(move)tomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothave8sameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpressed9(disappoint)withthelearnedmusicofhistime.ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementand