Unit 1 汽車專業(yè)英語(車輛的種類、汽車基本結構)

UnitoneAutomobileBasics2021/6/271ContentsPre-questionsII.Text

ExplanationIII.Exercises2021/6/272TypesofModernAutomobiles1）cars

2）passengercars3）trucks4）tractorsandvehiclecombination5）specialtypevehicle6）Self-dumpingcar7）farmvehicle8)off-roadvehicle

Pre-questions2021/6/273Specialvehicle

carTractorTruck

PassengerCars

2021/6/2742、withrespecttoenginearrangementanddrivingtypeenginearrangementanddrivingtypediagramfrontengine

、front-wheeldrive

frontengine

、rear-wheeldriveRearengine、

rear-wheeldrivePre-questions2021/6/275Doyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?KarlBenzIn1886Pre-questions2021/6/276Howmanymainpartsdoestheautomobileconsistof?1-engine2-chassis3-body4--electricalsystemPre-questions2021/6/277NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions

component[k?m'p?un?nt]n.成分，組成，部件，零件chassis['∫?si]n.底盤transmission[tr?nz'mi∫?n]n.變速器，傳動,傳動系統(tǒng)，傳送，發(fā)射ignite[ig'nait]v.點火,點燃suspension[s?s'pen∫?n]n.懸架，懸掛2021/6/278NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions

spark-ignitionengine點燃式發(fā)動機compression-ignitionengine壓燃式發(fā)動機storagebattery蓄電池ignitioncoil點火線圈powertrain傳動系，動力裝置propellershaft傳動軸(=driveshaft)2021/6/279SectionATheBasicComponentsofanAutomobile

Today'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.2021/6/2710Engine

Theengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.2021/6/2711ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.2021/6/2712BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.2021/6/2713ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.2021/6/2714Whichiscalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?AnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobileWhatisthechassiscomposedof?Powertrain,suspension,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.

Questions2021/6/2715PowertrainsystemBrakesystemSteeringsystemSuspensionsystemPre-questions2021/6/2716Whatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?Theelectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices.Pre-questions2021/6/2717Whatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?Drivingsystem

worksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.Suspensionsystem’sfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityofcomponentsandtomeetcustomers’requirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.Steeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivingdirectionofanautomobile.

Brakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.

Questions2021/6/2718SectionCReadingAnautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcarriesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingforonetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.2021/6/2719Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.Inotherwords換句話說becomposedof由….組成

譯文：換句話說，任何一輛汽車都是由發(fā)動機、底盤、車身和電器設備組成的。

II.TextExplanation2021/6/2720Inotherwords

Inotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.

換句話說，它們相對的穩(wěn)定、靜止。

Inotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocialism.

也就是說，我們堅持了科學社會主義。

becomposedofNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.

海軍一定是由水面艦艇部隊和潛艇部隊組成。II.TextExplanation2021/6/2721III.ExercisesTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystempropellershaftGeneratorTransmissionIgnitioncoilSuspensionEngineComponentStoragebattery底盤傳動系統(tǒng)內燃機轉向系統(tǒng)制動系統(tǒng)傳動軸發(fā)電機變速器點火線圈懸掛發(fā)動機零件蓄電池2021/6/2722IdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.III.Exercisesengine;clutch(離合器）;transmission;propellershaft;differential（差速器）;rearaxle（后軸）2021/6/2723I.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoCh