2025版新教材高中英語Unit1PeopleofAchievement課時作業(yè)一ReadingandThinking新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

課時作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學問基礎練進階訓練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Thetwopostersare________(有區(qū)分的)fromeachotherinstyle.2．Youmust________(承諾)yourselftofinishthetaskontime.3．Itisnecessaryforustohaveano________attitudetowardslife.4．Onlyifyoumakeeffortstofulfillthetaskcanyoubea________tobeexcellent.5．Asamatteroffact,happinessdoesn'tlieinhowmuch________(財產(chǎn))youown.6．Asisknowntoall,talentandhardworkareboth________(至關重要的)tocareersuccess.7．Solongaswecan________(擊敗)theotherteam,we'llbecomethechampionofcourse.8．Thehospitalhasrecentlyo________newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Thescientistislookingforawaytodraw________theextract.2．Youmustn'tgetclosetothe________(boil)water!It'sdangerous!3．Theoldmaninsisted________leavinghisgrandsoninthisvillage.4．Thewheelsofthecargot________(stick)inthemud.5．Theywillholdameetingtofindthekey________solvingtheproblem.6．Howdidthedoctorfindanewtreatment________thisstrangedisease?7．________(apparent),thevillagerswerenotinfavourofthenewplan.8．Withsomuchnoise,hefoundithardtodosome________(science)research.Ⅲ.課文語法填空TuYouyouisuniversallyacknowledgedasascientistofgreat1.________(achieve).BorninNingbo,China,on30December1930,TuYouyougraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.In1967,shewaschosenintoaresearchteam2.________wasformedbythegovernmentwiththeaimofdiscoveringanewtreatment3.________malariaandtwoyearslatershebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing.Sheandherteammatesexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts,4.________(evaluate)280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties,andtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.Asa5.________(commit)andpatientscientist,sheneveracknowledgeddefeatwhateverdifficultyshemet.Afterfailingtodrawoutusefulextractby6.________(boil)thesweetwormwood,shebeganeven7.________(careful)thinkingandresearchwork.Shedrew8.________conclusionthatboilingthesweetwormwooddestroyed9.________(it)medicalproperties.Sosheusedalowertemperature10.________(draw)outtheextractandfinallyshesucceeded.關鍵實力綜合練進階訓練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀理解閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforScience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.Maryandherfathercollectedfossils(化石)intheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons(骨架)ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn'tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeforChemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.1．Theauthorbelievesthatwomenscientists________.A.havemoreopportunitiestobecomesuccessfulB.cannotgetthehighesthonorsintheworldC.gothroughdifficultiestobesuccessfulD.hadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies2．MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento________．A.wintheNobelPrizeforScienceaftergettingmarriedB.makeachievementsinthestudyofancientearthC.researchanimalsandtheirbonesD.studythemysteryofallkindsofplants3．WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?A.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.B.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903onherown.C.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.D.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.4．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Ancientdiscoveries.B．Womenscientists.C.Successfulmarriages.D．Differentprizes.BModernmedicineandthelatesttechnologycansavemanylives.Ifyouliveinacountrywherehealthcareisreadilyavailableandaccessible,thenyourchancesofrecoveringfromillnessesoraccidentsareverygood.ButformanypeopleintheUSwhoareuninsured(無保險的),theycan'taffordthesenewmedicaltreatments.That'swhyDoctorDemetrioAguilainNorfolkletspoorpatientspayforsurgery(外科手術)throughvolunteerwork.“ForyearsIhadbeendoingsurgeryforpatientsandtakingcareoftheirhealthproblems.ThenIwouldfindoutmonthslater,sometimesyearslater,thatIhadcausedtheirfinancialruin，”Aguilasaid.Seriousillnessescancompletelydepleteafamily'ssavings,leavingthemnochoicebuttogobankrupt(破產(chǎn)).ThenheformedHealingHandsM25asawaytogivepoorpatientsthemedicalfeestheyneedbydonatingtheirtimetocommunityservice.Theprocessisprettysimple.Theypracticepartnerswithlocalcharitableorganizations.Thepatientpicksthecharityanddonateshistimeandsweat;Aguiladeterminestheamountofvolunteerhoursthepatienthastocomplete.“We'veloweredthecostofhealthcare.We'vemadeitfairforeverybodyinvolved，”Aguilasaid.ThefirstpatienttoparticipateintheprogramwasJeffreyJensonwhoworkedfor560hourstopayforsurgeryonhisleg.Jensonaskedhisfriendsandfamilytohelphimcompletethehours.Jensonsaidthathisvolunteerworkgreatlyaffectedhislifeasmuchasthesurgery.“TheM25programisnotaboutmoney—it'saboutifpeoplecometogethertohelpotherpeople,thenthecommunitybecomesbetter，”saidJenson.Thisprogramisabigwinforthepatients,thelocalcommunity,andDrAguilawhoknowshehasdoneeverythinghecouldtohelphispatients.5．HowdoesAguilamakepoorpatientspayforsurgery?A.Incash.B.Throughaninsurancecompany.C.Bydoingvolunteerwork.D.Byservingthedoctor.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deplete”inParagraph2mean?A.Setaside.B．Useup.C.Cutdown.D．Addto.7．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhatHealingHandsM25does.B.HowHealingHandsM25works.C.WhyAguilarunsHealingHandsM25.D.WhypatientschooseHealingHandsM25.8．WhatisJenson'sattitudetowardstheM25program?A.Positive.B．Negative.C.Objective.D．Unconcerned.Ⅱ.閱讀七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AudreyHepburnwasborninBelgiumin1929.Shelikedtospendtimewithherfather.Perhapshewasnotawarmfather,buthewasjoyousandjokedalot.Hehadhishorses,spoke13languages,andwouldtakehergliding(滑翔).__1__Whenshewassix,Audrey'sfatherwalkedout.Itwasthefirstmajorblowinherlife.Fromthenon,Audrey'schildhoodwasunsettled.HermotherdecidedthatitmightbeagoodideaforhertolearnEnglish,soshesenthertoaboardingschool.__2__Shefeltlikeanoutsider,butshelearnedEnglish.Verysoonthewarbrokeout.Audrey'smothersentforAudreytojoinherinHolland.TheyweretakeninbyAudrey'swealthygrandfather.Withinayear,theNazisturnedagainsttheDutch.Thentherewasnoheating,noschoolandnofood.__3__Sheshowedremarkableresilience(快速復原的實力)duringthewar.Audreymadeherperformancedebut(初次表演)bydancinginwartimeHolland.Shedidn'tknowhowlongthewarwasgoingtolast,soshewenttoballet(芭蕾舞)schoolandlearnedtodance.__4__Afterthewarended,Audreycarriedonwithherballettraining.In1951,afamousFrenchwriterwaslookingforaleadingladyforherbest-lovednovel.__5__AudreywastotakeAmericabystorm.A.Andtheneverythingchanged.B.Yet,Audrey'sspiritshonethrough.C.ButitwasdifficultforAudreytofitin.D.WhenshesawAudrey,shefamouslysaid,“I'vefoundmyGigi！”E.Itplayedanimportantroleinmakinghermorefamousthanever.F.Aboutayearbeforetheendofthewar,shebecamequiteanexcellentperformer.G.InMay1940,AudreyandherfamilycrossedtheborderandwentintoHolland.Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Faradaywasthe1.________(invent)oftheelectricgeneratorandelectricmotor.Faraday'sfathersufferedfromlong-timehealthproblems,asaresultof2.________hisfamilyhadlittlemoneytoaffordhisformalschooling.Buthewascuriousanddeterminedtolearn.While3.________(work)inLondonasateenager,hehadachancetoread4.________(vary)booksthathecouldgethishandson.In1812,heattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AyearlaterFaraday5.________(accept)asDavy'slabassistant.DavyalsotookFaradayon6.________18-monthtourofEurope,whereFaradaymetsomeofthemostfamousscientistsoftheday.ButforDavy,Faraday7.________(lose)theopportunitytogainacompletescientificeducation.Hesoonbegantodo8.________(experiment)withelectricity.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction.AndforthenexteightyearsFaradayworkedlonghoursinthelab,whichdidharm9.________hishealth.Bytheendofthedecadehewasin10.________poorhealththathisresearchdidnotbeginagainuntil1845.Inthemid-1850s,hewasforcedtoretireandhelivedatHamptonCourtuntilhisdeathon25August1867.課時作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學問基礎練Ⅰ.1．distinct2mit3.objective4.acknowledged5．property6.crucial7.defeat8.obtainedⅡ.1．out2.boiling3.on4.stuck5.to6.for7．Apparently8.scientificⅢ.1．答案與解析：achievement考查名詞。此處指屠呦呦被普遍認為是一個有宏大成就的科學家。of后接抽象名詞表示某人或某物具有的某種特征或性質(zhì)，故填achievement。2．答案與解析：that/which考查關系詞。此處指她被選入一個由政府成立的科研團隊。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為aresearchteam，從句中缺少主語，故填that或which。3．答案與解析：for考查介詞。anewtreatmentformalaria意為“一種治療瘧疾的新療法”，故填for。4．答案與解析：evaluated考查動詞的時態(tài)。設空處和句中的examined，tested作并列謂語，應用一般過去時，故填evaluated。5．答案與解析：committed考查形容詞。committed為形容詞，意為“不遺余力的”，和patient一起作scientist的定語。6．答案與解析：boiling考查動名詞。bydoingsth.意為“通過做某事”，by為介詞，后接動名詞。7．答案與解析：morecareful考查形容詞的比較級。此處指她起先了更加細致的思索和探討工作，含有比較的意思，且前面有even修飾。故填morecareful。8．答案與解析：a考查冠詞。drawaconclusionthat...得出一個……的結論。9．答案與解析：its考查形容詞性物主代詞。此處指破壞了它的藥用性能，應用形容詞性物主代詞its。10．答案與解析：todraw考查動詞不定式。usesth.todosth.運用某物做某事。故填todraw。關鍵實力綜合練Ⅰ.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了兩名在科學領域做出了巨大貢獻的女性。1．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最終一句“Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.”可知，作者認為女性科學家要經(jīng)驗許多艱難才能走向勝利。2．答案與解析：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.”可知選B。3．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.”可知D項正確。4．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。結合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了兩名在科學領域做出了巨大貢獻的女性。故選B。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Aguila醫(yī)生成立HealingHandsM25幫助患者通過做志愿者工作來支付手術費用。5．答案與解析：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“That'swhyDoctorDemetrioAguilainNorfolkletspoorpatientspayforsurgerythroughvolunteerwork.”可知，Aguila讓貧困患者通過做志愿者工作來支付手術費用。6．答案與解析：B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“...leavingthemnochoicebuttogobankrupt”可知，一個家庭之所以破產(chǎn)是因為嚴峻的疾病會完全耗盡他們?nèi)康姆e蓄，故deplete意為“耗盡”，故選B項。7．答案與解析：B段落大意題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講解并描述了HealingHandsM25這一項目是如何運行的。8．答案與解析：A觀點看法題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Jenson所說的話可知，Jenson對HealingHandsM25這個項目持確定看法。Ⅱ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了奧黛麗·赫本成名前的故事。1．答案與解析：A由下文中的“Audrey'sfatherwalke