2025北京市第一次普通高中學業(yè)水平格性考試英語仿真模擬卷02

2025年北京市第一次普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性考試英語仿真模擬試卷02一、聽力理解（共25小題；每小題1分，共25分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1分，共20分）聽下面十段對話或獨白，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Abook. B．Amovie. C．Awar.聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Bepatient. B．Getofftheplane. C．Sitatthefront.3．Whatisthemantryingtodo?A．Givefirstaid. B．Dobreathingexercises. C．Relaxhimself.聽第4段材料，回答第4題。4．Howmuchisthetelephonebillthismonth?A．$30. B．$100. C．$130.聽第5段材料，回答第5題至第6題。5．Howoldisthedaughter?A．Twoyearsold. B．Threeyearsold. C．Fouryearsold.6．What’sthematterwiththewoman’sdaughter?A．Sheisill. B．Shehasafever. C．Shedranksomeink.聽第6段材料，回答第7題至第8題。7．WhyaretheBlacksmovingtoAustralia?A．MrBlackhasfoundanewjobthere.B．Theyhavemanyfriendsthere.C．MrsBlackwantstoteachthere.8．WhatmightMrsBlackdoinMelbourne?A．Ateacher. B．Ahousewife. C．Aclerk.聽第7段材料，回答第9題至第11題。9．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Bookaroom. B．Changerooms. C．Checkout.10．Whenisthecheck-outtime?A．12:00atnoon. B．10:00inthemorning. C．2:00intheafternoon.11．Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanlike?A．OnefacingtheBigBen.B．OnefacingtheThamesRiver.C．OnefacingtheLondonBridge.聽第8段材料，回答第12題至第14題。12．WhydoesthemanrecommendMuseMagazinetothewoman?A．It’shelpfulforschoolwork.B．It’saboutscienceandnature.C．Ithaslotsofinspiringstories.13．Howoldisthewoman’ssonnow?A．8. B．9. C．14.14．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Getbacktoheroffice. B．Buythemagazine. C．Askforherson’sopinion.聽第9段材料，回答第15題至第17題。15．WhyisJoe’sbikeupsidedown?A．Heischeckingit. B．Hekeepsitthatway. C．Hehadanaccident.16．HowoftendoesJoeoilhisbike?A．Onceayear. B．Onceamonth. C．Onceaweek.17．Whichpartofthebikedoesthemansayneedschangingmostoften?A．Theseat. B．Thewheels. C．Thechain.聽第10段材料，回答第18題至第20題。18．Whatisthepurposeofthestaffmeeting?A．TofindwaystohelpMrs.Smith.B．TohearhowMrs.Smithisdoing.C．Tofigureoutwhat’swrongwithMrs.Smith.19．WheredidMrs.Smithfeelthepain?A．Inherarm. B．Inherlung. C．Inhershoulder.20．HowlonghasMrs.Smithworkedatthecompany?A．Overfiveyears. B．Aboutthreemonths. C．Lessthantwoweeks.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，共5分）聽下面一段對話，根據題目要求在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下第21題至第25題的關鍵信息。此段對話你將聽兩遍。聽下面一段獨白,根據題目要求在相應的橫線上寫下關鍵信息。每小題僅填寫一個詞。AWeatherReportinAustraliaNewSouthWalesThereisawarninginplaceasbush21spread.QueenslandAtleast22inchesofrainareexpectedtofalloverthenext24hours.NorthernTerritoryResidentsshouldonlyexperiencelightshowers,anditwillremaindryandcloudyuntil23evening.PerthTherewillbeacalm24thatmaybecomestrongertowardstheendoftheweek.GeraldtonRainshowerswillcomeinfromthe25butshoulddisappearlater.二、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。24-year-oldVictoriaArlenhasasaying:“FaceIt,EmbraceIt,DefyIt,ConquerIt.”ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.____1____,whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).Threeandahalfyearslater,hermindawokebutherbodydidn’t.Shecould____3____theoutsideworld,butnoonewasawareofthis.Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.”____5____,Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.Onedayin2010,Arlenwasfinallyabletosenda____6____tothem:sheblinked(眨眼).Afterthat,sheslowlylearnedhowtomove,eat,andspeakagain.Shewaspracticallyheroldself,exceptthatherlegswereparalysed(癱瘓的).Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife,butshedidn’tletthisgether____7____.Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcitedtoreturntoher____8____life.Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhardto____9____.Shealsogotbackintothepool,learningtoswimwithouttheuseofherlegs.Twoyearslater,shecompetedinthe2012ParalympicGamesinLondon,______10______threesilvermedalsandagoldmedal.AfterhersuccessintheParalympics,Arlen’s______11______storyspread.Shebegantospeakateventsandontelevision.OneTVprogrammetooknoticeofher,andshebecameoneoftheiryoungesthostseveratage21.Duringallthis,Arlennevergaveupon______12______again.Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.She______13______learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars”,achildhooddreamofhers.Today,Arlenisdevotedto______14______others.ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisabilityandhascontinuedtoinspirepeoplewithheramazingstoryofperseverance(不屈不撓的精神).Forher,it’sallaboutgivingothers______15______andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.1.A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Instead2.A.lost B.sick C.angry D.bored3.A.smell B.see C.hear D.touch4.A.forget B.know C.believe D.make5.A.Thankfully B.Unfortunately C.Strangely D.Regretfully6.A.wave B.report C.signal D.letter7.A.down B.off C.in D.away8.A.hard B.normal C.modern D.private9.A.compete B.run C.play D.graduate10.A.returning B.selling C.designing D.winning11A.funny B.ordinary C.inspiring D.simple12.A.walking B.jumping C.climbing D.talking13.A.only B.just C.still D.even14.A.following B.helping C.visiting D.greeting15.A.truth B.luck C.hope D.notice【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D10.D11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是殘疾人Arlen克服殘疾，成為殘奧會游泳金牌得主、電視節(jié)目主持人和勵志演說家以及她建立慈善組織幫助他人的勵志故事。1題；考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當她11歲的時候，她突然生病了。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否認；D.Instead反而。根據上文的“Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.”可知，Arlen是一個活潑喜歡游泳和跳舞的孩子，結合下文的“whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.”可知，在她11歲的時候應該是發(fā)生了不幸的事情，上下文之間為轉折關系，所以此處表示“然而”符合邏輯。故選A項。2題；考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當她11歲的時候，她突然生病了。A.lost丟失的；B.sick生病的；C.angry生氣的；D.bored厭倦的。根據下文的“Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).”可知，她的情況越來越糟糕，最后陷入昏迷，由此可知，此處指的是她突然生病了，符合語境。故選B項。3題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她能聽到外面世界的聲音，但沒有人意識到這一點。A.smell聞；B.see看見；C.hear聽見；D.touch觸碰。根據下文的“Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.”可知，她能聽到一聲跟她家人說的話，所以此處指的是“聽見”。故選C項。4題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她回憶起醫(yī)生告訴她的家人，她可能活不下去了。A.forget忘記；B.know知道；C.believe相信；D.make制作。根據下文的“Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.””可知，她聽到醫(yī)生對家人說的話，她一直在和放棄的想法作斗爭，她有很多想要活下去的事情，由此可推斷，此處指的是醫(yī)生跟她家人說的是她核能活不下去了，makeit意為“幸免于難，渡過難關”符合語境。故選D項。5題；考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：謝天謝地，Arlen的家人從未放棄過她。A.Thankfully幸虧；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Regretfully遺憾地。根據語境和下文的“Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.”可知，在醫(yī)生告訴她的家人，她活不了后，她的家人沒有放棄，所以此處應為“幸虧”符合語境。故選A項。6題；考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2010年的一天，Arlen終于能夠向他們發(fā)出一個信號：她眨眼了。A.wave波浪；B.report報告；C.signal信號；D.letter信件。根據下文的“sheblinked.”可知，她眨了下眼，這是Arlen身體能動的一個信號，符合語境。故選C項。7題；考查形容詞和副詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生說她將在輪椅上度過余生，但她并沒有因此而沮喪。A.down沮喪，情緒低落；B.off不新鮮；C.in在里面；D.away離開。根據常理和上文的“Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife”可知，醫(yī)生說她將會余生在輪椅上度過，結合but可知，此處指的是這樣的信息沒有讓她感到沮喪。故選A項。8題；考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然不能走路，阿倫還是很興奮能回到正常的生活。A.hard困難的；B.normal正常的；C.modern現代的；D.private私人的。根據上文的“Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcited”以及下文的“Shewentbacktoschooland…”可知，雖然不能走路，但是Arlen仍然很高興，而且她能重回學校上學，由此可知，此處指的是她很高興能過上正常的生活。故選B項。9題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她回到學校，努力學習畢業(yè)。A.compete競爭；B.run運行；C.play玩耍；D.graduate畢業(yè)。根據常理和上文的“Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhard”可知，她重回學校并且努力學習為了可以畢業(yè)。故選D項。10題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年后，她參加了2012年倫敦殘奧會，贏得了三枚銀牌和一枚金牌。A.returning歸還；B.selling售賣；C.designing設計；D.winning贏得。根據下文的“AfterhersuccessintheParalympics”可知，她在殘奧會上取得成功，由此可知，此指的是贏得了三枚銀牌和一枚金牌。故選D項。11題；考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她在殘奧會上取得成功后，Arlen鼓舞人心的故事傳開了。A.funny滑稽可笑的；B.ordinary普通的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.simple簡單的。根據上文的“ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.”可知，Arlen克服殘疾，成為殘奧會游泳金牌得主、電視節(jié)目主持人和勵志演說家，由此可知，關于她的故事應該是鼓舞熱心的。故選C項。12題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在這期間，Arlen從來沒有放棄過行走。A.walking走路；B.jumping跳躍；C.climbing攀爬；D.talking談話。根據語境和下文的“Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.”可知，一個康復中心愿意幫助她再站起來，由此可知，此處指的是Arlen從未放棄過能夠走路，符合語境。故選A項。13題；考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她甚至學會了跳舞，并參加了“與星共舞”的比賽，這是她童年的夢想。A.only僅僅；B.just恰好；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。根據上文的“Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.”可知，在經過高強度的訓練，她學會了走路，結合下文的“l(fā)earnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars””可知，她學會了跳舞，還參加“與星共舞”的比賽，這比簡單的學會走路難度更大，由此可知，此處應為“甚至”符合語境。故選D項。14題；考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，Arlen致力于幫助他人。A.following跟隨；B.helping幫助；C.visiting參觀；D.greeting問候。根據下文的“ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisability…”可知，她成立了維多利亞勝利基金會來幫助那些殘疾人，由此可知，此處指的是Arlen致力于幫助他人。故選B項。15題；考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對她來說，這一切都是為了給別人希望，告訴他們沒有什么是不可能的。A.truth真理；B.luck幸運；C.hope希望；D.notice注意。根據下文的“andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.”可知，她告訴他們沒有什么是不可能的，由此可知，這給人們帶來的是希望。故選C項。三、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共16小題；每小題2分，共32分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ADearstudent,Welcometoourschool.Thisbooklethassomeusefulinformationaboutyournewschool.Readitcarefully.TimesoftheSchoolDayStudentsshouldarriveatschoolat8:00am.Onmostschooldaystheschoolclosesat5:00pm.Studentsmustleavethesitebefore4:00pm.UniformStudentsmustweartheschooluniform(校服).Allitemsofclothingmustbeclearlymarkedwiththestudent’sname.—whiteshirt(boys),blue/whiteblouse(girls);—greysuit(boys),greyskirtandnavy-bluepullover(girls);—blueandwhitetie(boys),tiesnotnecessary(girls);—darkgreysocks(boys),white/navysocks(girls);—blackshoes(notrainersorboots).SchoolLunchesWehaveapopularcafeteriawhichserveshotandcoldmeals.Foragoodmiddaymealyouneedtospendabout￡1.85.Studentswhobringtheirsandwiches/packedlunchescaneattheminthedininghall.Studentsmustnotleavetheschoolduringthelunchhour.LibraryThelibraryisonthe1stfloor.ItisopenMondaytoFridayfrom8:30am—1:15pmand1:25pm—4:00pmforstudents,teachersandparents.AbsencefromSchoolWhenachildcan’tcometoschool,weaskparentstophonetheschoolonthefirstdayofabsence.Whenthestudentreturnstoschool,he/sheshouldbringaletterfromtheirparentstoexplaintheirabsence.16．Whatisapropertimeforstudentstogettoschool?A．7:30am. B．8:00am. C．4:00pm. D．5:00pm.17．Howmuchshouldstudentspayfortheirlunchesatschoolcafeteria?A．￡2.05. B．￡1.85. C．￡3.85. D．￡1.08.18．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthisschool?A．Studentsmustputtheirnameontheuniforms. B．Allstudentsmustweartiestoschool.C．Girlsmustweardarkgreysocks. D．Boysmustwearboots.19．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Thelibraryisopenonlyforstudents.B．Lunchintheschoolisfreeforstudents.C．Studentscanbeabsentfromschoolastheylike.D．Studentsmuststayatschoolduringlunchhour.【答案】16．B17．B18．A19．D【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章是一則學校的規(guī)定手冊，包括上學時間、制服、午餐圖書館使用以及離校等注意事項。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據TimesoftheSchoolDay部分中“Studentsshouldarriveatschoolat8:00am.(學生應該在早上8點到達學校)”可知，學生到校的合適時間是早上8點。故選B。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第三段“Foragoodmiddaymealyouneedtospendabout￡1.85.(要吃一頓豐盛的午餐，你大約需要花費1.85英鎊)”可知，學生在學校食堂吃午餐應該付￡1.85。故選B。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據Uniform部分中“Studentsmustweartheschooluniform(校服).Allitemsofclothingmustbeclearlymarkedwiththestudent’sname.(學生必須穿校服。所有的衣服必須清楚地標明學生的名字)”可知，學生必須在校服上寫上自己的名字。故選A。19．細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第三段“Studentsmustnotleavetheschoolduringthelunchhour.(學生在午餐時間不得離開學校)”可知，學生在午餐時間必須呆在學校。故選D。BFruitForAllOnedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.Selbyaskedcommunitymemberstocallorcontacthimonlineandlethimknowwhethertheyhadtreeswithextrafruit.Atfirst,itwasdifficulttofindpeoplewhowerewillingtocontributethefruitintheirtrees.ButasnewsofSelby’sideaspread,peoplecontactedhim.Soon,FFAwasreally“growing”!WiththehelpofhisbrotherJackandothervolunteers,Selbyhasgatheredanddonatedmorethan70,000poundsoffruittolocalfoodbanks.Thegroupusuallyworksontheweekends,andthevolunteerstravelasfaras20milesfromSelby’shouse.Thevolunteersusuallygatherabout500poundsoffruiteachweekend.Butoneweekendtheycollectedover2,000poundsoffruit!FFAalsohasawebsitethatexplainsthegroup’sgoal,whichistoinspirepeopletohelp.Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.PeoplewhoareinterestedcanalsousethewebsitetoaskSelbyandJackquestionsandpostcomments.Morevolunteersarejoiningin.Althoughthecontributionsmightbesmall,theycanmakeabigdifference.WiththehelpfromgroupslikeFFA,morepeopleareabletoenjoydeliciousfruit.20.WhatdoesFFAdo?A.Itoffersfruitclasses. B.Itgrowsandsellsfruit.C.Itbuildsafoodfactory. D.Itcollectsanddonatesfruit.21.WhatdidSelbyneedtomakeFFAsuccessfulatthestart?A.Foodmarkets. B.Volunteers.C.Websitedesigners. D.Money.22.WebsitevisitorscanhelpFFAby________.A.explainingitsgoal B.visitingneighboursC.startingtheirlocalFFA D.developinginterestinplanting23.WhatkindofboyisSelbyaccordingtothepassage?A.Caring. B.Patient. C.Polite. D.Strict.【答案】20.D21.B22.C23.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述ZachSelby創(chuàng)建FFA非營利組織，來從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當地的食品銀行。20題；細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(這是一個非營利組織，從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當地的食品銀行。)”可知，FFA主要工作是收集和捐贈水果。故選D項。21題；細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.(為了使FFA取得成功，Selby需要熱心的志愿者和結滿果實的樹木。)”可知，Selby需要志愿者讓FFA在一開始就取得成功。故選B項。22題；細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.(該網站的訪問者學習了三種參與方式。他們可以讓志愿者從他們的樹上摘水果。他們可以自愿摘水果。他們可以在自己的地區(qū)成立一個FFA小組。)”可知，網站訪問者可以通過啟動當地的FFA來幫助FFA。故選C項。23題；推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Onedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(2020年一天，一位名叫ZachSelby的高中生找到了一種幫助需要食物的人的方法。他了解到的組織從果樹上摘下多余的水果，并將其捐給當地的食品銀行。Selby決定他可以在附近成立自己的團體。他稱該組織為“全民水果”（FFA）。這是一個非營利組織，從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當地的食品銀行。)”以及下文可知，文章主要講ZachSelby創(chuàng)建FFA非營利組織，來從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當地的食品銀行。由此可知，ZachSelby是一個充滿關愛的人。故選A項。CThinkbacktoyourfirstmemory.Howoldwereyouatthetime?Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.Sowhyisitthatwecan’trememberbeingababy?Theanswerliesinthewaythatourbrain’sabilitytostorememorieschangesaswegrow.Atbirth,ababy’sbrainisonlyaquarterofitsadultsize,growingtothree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrainbyagetwo.Thisincreaseisassociatedwithagrowthinthenumberofbraincells—calledneurons(神經元)—andtheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Apartofthebrainthatisparticularlyimportantinformingmemoriesisthehippocampus(海馬體),saysDrDhanishaJhaveri,aresearcheratTheUniversityofQueensland.Thisregionstoresautobiographicalmemoriesfromspecificeventsinourlives.“Inthehippocampus,newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated.Inadulthood,newcellsarestillbeingproduced,buttherateofproductioninthehippocampusslowsdown,”saysDrJhaveri.Neuroscientistsbelievethattherapidrateatwhichbraincellsarebeingproducedinchildhoodcouldbethecauseofinfantileamnesia.Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.Despitethismemoryloss,childhoodexperienceshavebeenfoundtoinfluenceadultbehaviouryearslater,whichsuggeststhattracesofthesememoriescouldbestoredsomewhereinthebrainthatisn’teasytoaccess.Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.24．Whatisinfantileamnesia?A．Theinabilitytoformmemoriesduringadulthood. B．Theinabilitytorecallearlyexperiences.C．Theinfluenceonexistingmemorynetworks. D．Theinfluenceonmentalandemotionalwell-being.25．Whatdowelearnaboutthebrainaccordingtothepassage?A．Newneuronsdisruptexistingmemorycircuits. B．Thehippocampusplaysapassiveroleinone’smemory.C．Ababy’sbrainisthree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrain. D．Braincellsarebeingproducedmorerapidlyinadulthood.26．Whatdoestheresearchinanimalsshow?A．Memoriesarestoredseparatelyintheirbrain. B．Memoriesaremainlyformedwhentheyareyoung.C．Earlyexperienceshavealong-termimpactonlife. D．Earlyexperiencesareeasytobetriggeredbyareminder.27．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheFormationofEarlyChildhoodMemoriesB．TheImpactofInfantileAmnesiaonMemoryNetworksC．TheRoleoftheHippocampusinMemoryFormationD．TheInfluenceofEarlyLifeExperiencesonMentalWell-being【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．B【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是嬰兒健忘癥并分析了嬰兒健忘癥的原因以及嬰兒健忘癥對人體記憶網的影響。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能記不起幼兒園或者小學前的任何事情了——你對第一個單詞、走的第一步和吃的第一個固體食物一無所知。除了父母后來告訴你的那些東西。這種現象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，因此大多數成年人很少記得三歲前發(fā)生的在他們身上的事情。)”可知，“嬰兒健忘癥”指的是很少有人記得三歲前發(fā)生在他們身上的事情，故選B。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段“Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.(因為太多的新的神經元正在產生，并在記憶電路中相互連接，它們可能會擾亂已經形成的現有記憶網。)”可知，太多的神經元產生了，可能會擾亂現有的記憶網，故選A。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段“Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.(在對動物的研究中，科學家們發(fā)現潛在的早期經歷的痕跡會在大腦中保留很長一段時間，以后可能會被提醒出來。它強調了早期生活經歷對以后生活的心理和情感健康的重要影響。)”可知，早期的經歷會在大腦中保留很長的時間，對以后的心理和情感造成了一定的影響，故早期的經歷對生活有著長遠的影響，故選C。27．主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能記不起幼兒園或者小學前的任何事情了——你對第一個單詞、走的第一步和吃的第一個固體食物一無所知。除了父母后來告訴你的那些東西。這種現象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，因此大多數成年人很少記得三歲前發(fā)生的在他們身上的事情。)”以及后文對嬰兒健忘癥對人的影響的介紹可知，文章主要介紹了什么是嬰兒健忘癥并分析了嬰兒健忘癥的原因以及嬰兒健忘癥對人體記憶網的影響，故B項“嬰兒健忘癥對人體記憶網的影響”符合文章標題，故選B。DWhenscientistsgotoaforesttostudymonkeysandtheirhabitsandbehaviors,howdotheyknowwho’swho?Inthepast,scientistshadtomakemarksoneachoftheanimalstodistinguishthem.Butinthefuture,theymayhaveamucheasierwaytotellthemapartthankstofacialrecognitiontechnology.AresearchteamfromChina’sNorthwestUniversityisusingfacialrecognitiontechnologytoidentifythousandsofsnub-nosedmonkeysthatliveonQinlingMountaininShaanxiprovince.Similartohumanfacialrecognition,thetechnologythatisusedtoidentifymonkeysusestheirfacialfeaturestocreateadatabasethatincludeseverymonkey,Xinhuareported.“Whenthesystemisfullydeveloped,wecanconnectitwithcamerassetupinthemountains.Thesystemwillautomaticallyrecognizethemonkeys,namethemandanalyzetheirbehavior,”saidZhangHe,amemberoftheresearchteam.“Foreachsnub-nosedmonkey,wehave700to800imagesamples,andtherecognitionsuccessrateis94percent,”Zhangadded.“Weusedmobilephonesandportablecameraswiththemonkeysintestsatdistancesrangingfromabout3to10meters,”saidHeGang,amemberoftheresearchteamandanassociateprofessorintheCollegeofLifeSciencesatNorthwestUniversity.“Thereisnoneedtointerferewiththemonkeys.Suchamethodofsamplingisclearlynon-invasive.”Comparedtohumans,facialrecognitiontechnologyformonkeysismorecomplicatedbecauseoftheirhairierfaces.Thecoloroftheirhaircausesthemtoblendintotheirenvironment.Thesefactorsmakeitharderforcomputerstoidentifythem.“Monkeysdonotcooperatewithresearchersinthesamewayhumansdo.Itisdifficulttotakehigh-qualitypicturesandvideosofthem,whichareneededtoimprovethesystem,”saidLiBaoguo,leaderoftheresearchteam.Currently,thereareabout4,000snub-nosedmonkeyslivingonQinlingMountain.Theteam’sgoalistosuccessfullyidentifyeverymonkeythatlivesthere.28．Whatproblemdoscientistsfacewhilestudyingmonkeysaccordingtothetext?A．Howtomarkthem. B．Howtodistinguishthem.C．Howtounderstandtheirbehavior. D．Howtoobservethemclearly29．Whatdoesthearticletellusaboutfacialrecognitiontechnologyformonkeys?A．ItisnowwidelyadoptedinChina.B．Itworksbetterthanhumanfacialrecognition.C．Itwillusemonkeys’behaviortocreateadatabase.D．Itcanhelpscientistsstudymonkeyswithoutdisturbingthem.30．Accordingtotheleaderoftheteam,whatisthedifficultyinimprovingthesystem?A．Lesscooperativemonkeys.B．Hardforcomputerstoidentifythemonkeys.C．photosandvideosofhighquality.D．Toomanymonkeystoidentify.31．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A．Tointroduceanewwaytoidentifymonkeys.B．Toshowtheimportanceofstudyingmonkeys.C．Tocomparedifferentwaystoidentifymonkeys.D．Toexplaindifficultiesindevelopinganewsystem.【答案】28．B29．D30．A31．A【解析】28．細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Whenscientistsgotoaforesttostudymonkeysandtheirhabitsandbehaviors,howdotheyknowwho’swho?(當科學家們去森林里研究猴子和它們的習慣和行為時，他們怎么知道誰是誰？)”可知，科學家在研究猴子的時候，遇到的最大的問題是如何區(qū)分猴子。故選B。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段中的“Thereisnoneedtointerferewiththemonkeys.Suchamethodofsamplingisclearlynon-invasive.(沒有必要干擾猴子。這種取樣方法顯然是非侵入性的。)”可知，猴臉識別技術可以幫助科學家在不打擾猴子的情況下研究它們。故選D。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“‘Monkeysdonotcooperatewithresearchersinthesamewayhumansdo.Itisdifficulttotakehigh-qualitypicturesandvideosofthem,whichareneededtoimprovethesystem,’saidLiBaoguo,leaderoftheresearchteam.(‘猴子不像人類那樣與研究人員合作。很難拍攝高質量的猴子照片和視頻，這是改進系統(tǒng)所必需的，’研究小組組長李保國說。)”可知，改進系統(tǒng)的難處在于猴子不配合。故選A。31．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中的“Butinthefuture,theymayhaveamucheasierwaytotellthemapartthankstofacialrecognitiontechnology.(但在未來，由于面部識別技術，他們可能會有一種更容易的方法來區(qū)分他們。)”和第三段“AresearchteamfromChina’sNorthwestUniversityisusingfacialrecognitiontechnologytoidentifythousandsofsnub-nosedmonkeysthatliveonQinlingMountaininShaanxiprovince.(中國西北大學的一個研究小組正在使用面部識別技術來識別生活在陜西省秦嶺的數千只金絲猴。)”可知，本文主要介紹了中國西北大學的一個研究小組開發(fā)的猴臉識別技術，用來識別和區(qū)分金絲猴，由此可推測出，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是介紹一種識別猴子的新方法。故選A。第二節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2分，共8分）閱讀下面短文和問題，根據短文內容和每小題后的具體要求，在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息，完成對該問題的回答。Isillremembermyfirstdayofsecondgrade.Iwasledtoaclassroom.Noteacheryet.Girlstalkingandlaughing.Boysplayinggames.Itooksomepaperandapencil,pickedadesk,andwenttowork.Minuteslater,agirlcameoverandsatontopofmydesk.“Whatareyoudoing?”shesaid.“IamdoingFunwithNumber”Ireplied.ThenIrosefrommyseattogetmypencilsharpener.IhadnoideathatwhenIstood,thedeskwouldfalloverandhurtherleg.HernamewasLucy.Fromthatdayonwegottoknoweachother,andshebecamemybestfriend.Nowwehavebeenclosefriendsformorethan60years.Weoftengettogetherandrecallthepast.SomeTVadvertisementstrytotelluswhatchildrenneedforschool,newshoes,clothes,andschoolbags.Butreally,children’sneedsaresimple.Besidesthebasics—tobefed,caredfor,andloved—theyneedthegiftoffriendship.Foryears,Ifearedhowpeoplesawme.Butoneday,IfinallyunderstoodIdidn’tneedtobesmartorprettyorpopular,butjustneededtobekind.MygrandsonWilliamrecentlyfinishedhispreschoolandreceivedaprizefor“friendship”.EvenanOlympicmedalwouldn’tmakemeprouder!Ithinkchildrenneedtoknowthattheyareloved.Theyneedtoknowtheyhavealltheyneedandthatthebestwaytowinfriendsistobekind.32．WhenandwheredidtheauthormeetLucyforthefirsttime?(nomorethan12words)33．WhatwastheauthordoingwhenLucycameover?(nomorethan6words)34．HowdoLucyandtheauthorkeeptheirfriendshipgrowing?(nomorethan8words)35．Besidesthebasics,whatdochildrenneedforahappyschoollife?(nomorethan6words)【答案】32．Theymetintheclassroomonthefirstdayofsecondgrade.33．HewasdoingFunwithNumber./ShewasdoingFunwithNumber.34．Theyoftengettogetherandrecallthepast.35．Theyneed(the