2025屆甘肅省蘭州市蘭化一中高三第二次調(diào)研英語試卷含解析

2025屆甘肅省蘭州市蘭化一中高三第二次調(diào)研英語試卷注意事項(xiàng):1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．答題時請按要求用筆。3．請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4．作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5．保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．It'sgreatthatallthevisitorswho

ontheislandweresaved.A．trapped B．havebeentrappedC．hadtrapped D．hadbeentrapped2．WithWeChatPaycomingintowidespreaduse,ourhouseholdbillsareconvenient____.A．paying B．paid C．topay D．tobepaid3．Anyonewithaneyeontheemploymentsituationknewtheassessmentabouteconomicrecovery_______justaroundthecornerwascorrect.A．beingB．tobeC．wasD．havingbeen4．––Isthisteagoodcoldaswell?––______withice,thisteaisespeciallydelicious.A．ServedB．ServingC．HavingservedD．Tobeserved5．Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjust________sweetdreams.A．keepupwith B．putupwith C．endupwith D．catchupwith6．Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday________getabigprize.A．must B．shallC．would D．could7．Visittheoldmanthisafternoon？Ifyou________，makesureyouwearsunscreenstoprotectyourskin.A．must B．canC．may D．shall8．—TellmesomethingabouthismatchinSydney.—Well，hegotthechampionship，wehadexpected.Hemadeitatlast.A．a(chǎn)s B．what C．why D．how9．Manyartifacts________forthefirsttimeintheNationalMuseumatpresent.A．wereexhibitedB．werebeingexhibitedC．a(chǎn)rebeingexhibitedD．a(chǎn)reexhibited10．Itisobvioustothestudents_____________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A．a(chǎn)s B．thatC．which D．whether11．LastDecemberChina_____100Chineseand10foreignersfortheiroutstandingcontributionstothecountry’sreformandopening-up.A．distinguishedB．sponsoredC．a(chǎn)cknowledgedD．evaluated12．Thenewsupermarketannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday______________getabigprize.A．must B．willC．shall D．need13．Shehasexpressedherhope______theforeignstudentswillspreadthegoodwillandsincerityoftheChinesepeopletootherpartsoftheworld.A．that B．whichC．whether D．what14．Theworseworkingconditionswearelookingforwardto______musthaveattractedthelocalgovernment’sattention.A．seeimproved B．seeingimprovedC．seeimproving D．seeingtoimprove15．Fathermadeapromise______________Ididwellintheentranceexam,hewouldtakemetoHongKonginthesummervacation.A．ifthat B．ifC．thatif D．that16．Wehadbetterputoffinterviewingtheathlete,forheisbusypreparingforaninternationalcontest__________inShanghainextmonth.A．held B．toholdC．beingheld D．tobeheld17．Morewildtigershavebeenseenintheforestaroundthisarea,____thereusedtobeveryfew.A．when B．where C．what D．which18．-Excuseme,butwhyamInotallowedtousethegym?-________，butyourroompricedoesn'tcoverit.A．NohurryB．NowonderC．NooffenceD．Noproblem19．Youcanusethisroomforyourclubactivitiestomorrow______youkeepittidyandclean.A．forfearthat B．incaseC．onconditionthat D．evenif20．—YourcarshouldbereadynextTuesday．—Wewere________hopingyou'dbeabletodoitbythisFriday．A．still B．rather C．a(chǎn)lways D．even第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）CantrainingYourWorkingMemoryMakeYouSmarter?Wewouldallliketoincreaseourcognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilitybeyondthelimitssetbyMotherNature.Soit’snowonderthatbrain-trainingprogrammes—whichtypicallyfocusontrainingourworkingmemory—areamultibillion-dollarindustry.Butcanthiskindoftrainingreallymakeussmarter?Cognitivetrainingseesthebrainasakindofmusclethatcanbemadestrongerwiththerightkindofpractice.Itconsistsoftasksorgamescarriedoutoncomputersorsmartphones.Despitemuchresearch,therehassofarbeennoagreementaboutitseffectiveness.Somethinkthatcognitivetrainingincreasesabroadrangeofcognitiveabilities,whileotherslessoptimistic.Yetwedoknowthatsomecognitiveskills,suchasworkingmemoryandintelligence,tendtogotogetherandarepredictorsofreal-lifeskillssuchasworkperformance.Thus,trainingonecognitiveskillmightleadtoanimprovementinmanyothercognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Thatisexactlytheunderlyinghypothesis(假設(shè))onwhichworking-memorytrainingisbased.Totestthishypothesis,weexaminedallthestudiesaboutworking-memorytrainingwecouldfindwithnormallydevelopingchildren:26experimentsand1,601totalparticipants.Childrenrepresentanidealtestgroup:duringchildhood,skillsarestillatthebeginningoftheirdevelopment.Thus,cognitivetrainingismorelikelytosucceedwithchildrenthanadults.Theresultswereveryclear.Working-memorytrainingdidnotshowanyeffectonchildren’sfluidintelligence,aperson’sabilitytosolvenewproblemsandadapttonewsituations.Itdidn’tinfluencetheiracademicachievementorothercognitiveabilities,either.Theonlyreliableeffectwasthatchildrengotbetteratwhattheytrainedtodo.Nomore,noless.Soperformingworking-memorytasksdoesseemtomakeyoubetteratdoingthem.Nonetheless,thefactthatparticipantsgotbetteratsuchtasksdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheirworking-memoryabilityincreased.Theymayjusthavelearnthowtoperformthatparticulartypeoftask.Theresultsdoindicatethattheuseofworking-memorytrainingprogramsasaneducationaltoolisfruitless.Moregenerally,togetherwithotherresearch,theresultscontributetodisprovingcognitivetrainingcompaniespromisesofabetterbrain.Theresultshaveevenmoreimportantimplicationstheoretically.Theyquestionthehypothesisthattraininggeneralcognitivemechanismscanaffectothercognitiveorreal-lifeskills.Beyondworking-memorytraining,otherrecentstudieshaveshowntheimprovingcognitiveskillsoutsidemusic-includingacademicskills.However,thesenegativeresultsmustnotdiscourageusfromtrainingourcognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Wejusthavetobeawareoftheactuallimitationsofsuchpracticeinareasoutsidewhatweareactuallytraining.Butthatdoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tdoit-themostefficientwaytodevelopaskillis,afterall,totrainthatskill.1、Tofindouttheeffectofworkingmemorytraining,theauthor________.A．madesomescientificstudiesB．reviewedthepreviousresearchC．compareddifferenttestgroupsD．gotsomechildreninvolvedintheexperiment2、Childrenjoiningintheexperimentswereableto__________.A．dobetterinthefieldwheretheyaretrainedB．obtaingreateracademicachievementsC．a(chǎn)djusttonewsituationsquicklyD．succeedwhentheydealwithreallifeproblems3、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthecognitivetraining?A．PessimisticB．DisapprovingC．ObjectiveD．Optimistic4、Cognitivetrainingislikelyto_______accordingtothepassage.A．discoverthesecretsofhumanmindsB．makeone’sbrainstrongerbywayofpracticeC．earnagoodnameforthetrainingcompanyD．bringmuchprofittothetrainingcompanies22．（8分）Itwasacoldwinter.Thewindblewallnightandthesnowwasblinding.Whenmorningcame,mythreechildrenandIgotupandmadeourwaytothewindows.Aswelookedoutthewindow,wesawthatthehenhousewasgone.Ourthreehenshadbeenblownaway.Ilookedattheemptinessoutside.ThenIsawallthreechickenssataroundtheedgeofawhitebucket.Howwasthisviolentwindnotblowingthemintothefieldbeyond?Iquicklypulledonlongsnowpantsandheavywintercoat,wrappedascarfandstuckmyfeetintoverylargeboots.Ishoutedatthewindasitblew.Iwasalone,saveformychildren.Theystaredoutthewindowintothevastwhiteseaofsnow,theireyespeeledforanysignofmovement.OutsideIheardthesoundofmybootsasIwalkedagainstthewind.Thesnowcirclingaroundme,Isteadilymademywaytothesoftcluck-cluck-clucksoundmyhensalwaysmade.WhenIreachedthem,Isawthattheirlittlefeetwereholdingontotheedgeofthebucket,headsbentforwardandawayfromthewind.Igentlyliftedeachhenandputitcarefullyintothewarminside.ThenIbeganthefreezingwalkbacktothesmallsheddirectlybehindourhouse.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloor,andtheybegantoclucksoftly.AsIshutthesheddoors,myeyeswentdirectlytothewindowwheremychildrenwerewatching.Theyjumpedupanddowncheering,andsodidI!Iwasn’tsomedragonslayer(屠龍者)fromafairytale.Iwassimplyamom,butthelookonmychildren’sfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasaheromom.1、Seeingallthreechickenssittingaroundthebucket,theauthorfelt______.A．incredibleB．worriedC．shyD．confident2、Howdoestheauthorreachthehens

?A．Bysearchingforthewhitebucket.B．Bywearingprotectiveclothes.C．Byfollowingthesoundofthehens.D．Byshoutingatthehenhouse.3、Fromthestory,weknowthat_________.A．theauthor’schildrenlikeddragonslayersB．thechildrenwatchedtheirmotherallthewayC．theauthorstruggledtobeaheroD．theauthorenjoyedherselfinthesnow4、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Weatherinextreme.B．Hensintrouble.C．Kindnessinneed.D．Herointhesnow.23．（8分）Americansaremorestressedthanever,accordingtoanAmericanPsychologicalAssociationsurvey,andnearlyone-thirdofthepeoplesaystressimpactstheirphysicalormentalhealth.Ifyouhaveanyofthesesymptoms,yourstressmightbemakingyousick.Here’showtobattleagainstthem.Ifyou’veneversufferedfromheadachesbutsuddenlyyourheadisconstantlystriking,youmightbetoostressed.Stressreleaseschemicalsthatcancausechangestonervesandbloodvessels（血管）inthebrain,whichbringsonaheadache.Stresscancausethemormakethemworse.It’salsocommonforyourmusclestotenseupwhenyou’restressed,whichcanalsocauseaheadache.WHATTODO:Ifyoudon’twanttotakemedicine,tryspreadinglavender（薰衣草）oilonyourtemples（太陽穴）whenaheadachestarts.Stresscanmakeyoumentallysick,too.Toomuchofthestresshormonecortisol（皮質(zhì)醇）canmakeithardertoconcentrate,causingmemoryproblemsaswellasanxietyordepressionsaysDr.Levine.WHATTODO:Relaxuntilyouregainyourconcentration.Practiceclosingyoureyesandbreathinginandoutslowly,concentratingonlyonyourbreath.Losingafewstrandsofhairisnormal—oldhairfollicles（囊）arereplacedbynewonesovertime—butstresscandisturbthatcycle.Significantstresspushesalargenumberofhairfolliclesintowhat’scalledarestingstageandthenafewmonthslaterthosehairsfallout,accordingtoMayoClinic.org.Stresscanalsocausethebody’sresistantsystemtoattackyourhairfollicles,resultinginhairloss.WHATTODO:Bepatient.Onceyourstresslevelreturnstonormal,yourhairshouldstartgrowingback.187、Ifyou’restressed,youmighthaveoneofthefollowingsymptomsEXCEPTthat.A．youkeepgettingheadaches B．youalwayshaveacoldC．yourhairisfallingout D．yourbrainfeelsconfused1、Whichofthefollowingissuggestedifyourbraingoesoutoffocus?A．Breathingslowlywithyoureyesclosed.B．Waitinguntilyourbrainreturnstonormal.C．Spreadinglavenderoilonyourtemples.D．Relaxingandattackingyourbrainsoftly.2、Whatwillhappenoncewegetoverourstressaccordingtothepassage?A．Ourhairstartsfallingoutandthengrowsback.B．Ourbody’sresistantsystemattacksyourhairfollicles.C．Ourhairstartsgrowingagain.D．Aseriousheadachestarts.24．（8分）InspiringArchaeologicalStudyToursacrosstheWorldin2017…AnArchaeologicalToursgetawayisanarchaeologylover’svacationlikenoother.Wehaveanexcitingselectionoftoursdepartingin2017withunsurpassedservice.Here’sasmallselectionofwhatwehavetooffer.Alsoacodeforyou:Neverallow(Jogstorunfree-lytheretokeeptheplantsandanimalsliveinpeaceandgetridofrubbishproperly.Becarefultoburyyourtoiletwasteandkeeptothedesignedtracks.Guatemala&BelizeCoonthetrailofMesoamericancivilizationsinthelushforests,ruggedfoothills（丘陵地帶）,andmoderncitiesofthesefascinatingsitesincentralAmerica.January6-20,2017l$6,495Ghana,Togo&BeninWitnessthemeetingofthrivingtraditions,ancientpast,andforward-lookingpresentinincomparableWestAfrica.February7-22,20171$7,495AncientEgyptFromthepyramidsofGizatotheValleysoftheKingsandQueens,discovertheglorioussplendorsofancientEgypt.February&November2017l$5,995CentralMexicoFollowtheancientcivilizationsoftheToltec,Aztec,Zapotec,OlmecandMixtecacrossthecentreofmagnificentMexicoinNorthAmerica.March11-24,2017l$5,795IranDiscoverthebeautyandmajestyofIran’slong-passedempires,earlymodemdynasties,andtimelessscenery.April,September&October2017l$7,995Malta,Sardinia&CorsicaExplorethecharacteristicgeologicalenvironmentsanduniqueculturalandpoliticalhistoriesofthesethreeislandsinSouthEurope.April19-May4,20171$7,49569、Accordingtothetravelleaflet,visitorsshouldtour________.A．withcalmnessandcuriosityB．withself-defenceandhonourC．withconventionandreligionD．withself-disciplineandprotection1、TomiskeenonearlymoderndynastywhilehiswifeenjoysAfricatraditions.Whichplacesaretheirbestchoices?A．AncientEgyptandCentralMexico.B．Guatemala,BelizeandIran.C．Ghana,Benin,TogaandIran.D．Malta,SardiniaandCorsica.25．（10分）PhotographerwantedTakecreativeandinnovativepicturesforourmonthlymagazine.bachelor'sdegreeinphotographyorcloselyrelatedfieldisnecessary.Also,atleast2yearsofpreviousexperienceinrelatedareasisrequired,Knowledgeofpublishingisdesirable.Candidatesmustbefamiliarwithcurrenttrendsinvisualandgraphictechnologiesofphotography,andaworkingknowledgeofinternationaleconomics.SendresumebySeptember13toBrockPeterson,MonthlyAtlanticEconomist,225NelsonAvenue,Toronto,ONV9ZIM2orbrockpeterson@monthlyatlantic.Com.To:BrockPeterson<brockpeterson@monthlyatlanticcom>From:SandyGob<Sandyg@HomeCanada.ca>Sent:Sept.12,05:45PMDearMrPeterson,IamwritinginresponsetoyourjobadvertisementforaphotographerpostedintheAugust21issueoftheMonthlyAtlanticEconomist.IthinkIamhighlyqualifiedforthisposition.Asyoucanseefrommyattlehedresume,IhavetheappropriateacademicbackgroundincludingaBostonCollegedegreeinphotographyandprofessionalcredentials(證明書)suchasworkingasaphotographerCambridgeforover3years.IwillbemovingtoTorontoonSeptember18,soIcanstartworkingfromthetimeyouwant.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeatyourearliestconvenience.Iwouldalsobehappytosupplyreferencesand/oracollectionofmyworks.SincerelySandyGoh176、WhereisBrockPetersonworking?A．Atagraphicsdesignfirm.B．Ataphotographfirm.C．Atamagazine.D．Atadiscountstore.1、BywhattimemustapplicationsbesenttoBrockPeterson?A．August21.B．September12.C．September13.D．September18.2、WhydoesSaindyGohmentionCambridge?A．Sheoncedidworkthere.B．Shegraduatedfromacollegethere.C．ShewillmovefromtheretoTorontosoon.D．ShemetBrockPetersonataconferencethere.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）ItwasNewYeartime.Weweretravellinginavan(貨車）1toystothehomeless.Whenwe2thespot,somethingcaughtmyeye.Somethingorsomeonewasmovingintherubbish.SoonI3thatitwasthehomeofapoorfamily.Thereweretwo4，bothaboutmyageatthetime，andaladyIsupposedtobetheirmother.Theysatthere5.AsalittlegirlmyselfIwas6interestedinthelittlegirl.How7ourliveswere.Shelivedfortheday,8throughtherubbishforsomethingtofillherstomach.Iontheotherhandwaswelllookedafterandneverhadtoworryabout9Ihadagoodeducationandthusa10future.Ilookedatthelittlegirl.Theonly11shehadwastheworn-outdressthatshewaswearing.SeeingthislittlegirlImadethedecisionto12adollthathadbelongedtomeforawhile.Whenthevancametoa13，Isteppedout,calledthegirloverand14thedollinherhand.Atfirstshelookedatmewith15andwasn’tcertainwhattodo，butthenshesmiledandIsaw16inhereyes.Iwentbackintothevehicleandwestartedto17off,andthat'swhenwerealizedthelittlegirlwasrunning18Westoppedagainandopenedthedoor.Thegirlhad19withus.Shelookeddirectlyatmeandsaidtwo20words“ThankYou”.1、A．showing B．recommending C．distributing D．selling2、A．left B．changed C．chose D．a(chǎn)pproached3、A．guaranteed B．realized C．decided D．a(chǎn)ccepted4、A．boys B．children C．drivers D．a(chǎn)dults5、A．happily B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．hopefully D．helplessly6、A．still B．less C．especially D．probably7、A．similar B．different C．difficult D．ordinary8、A．searching B．getting C．running D．breaking9、A．food B．safety C．health D．transport10、A．doubtful B．distant C．promising D．foreseeable11、A．present B．decoration C．requirement D．possession12、A．giveaway B．giveback C．handout D．handin13、A．station B．stop C．street D．signal14、A．tore B．placed C．dropped D．threw15、A．a(chǎn)nger B．pain C．surprise D．disappointment16、A．hope B．loneliness C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．a(chǎn)stonishment17、A．walk B．get C．lift D．drive18、A．behind B．a(chǎn)way C．out D．in19、A．gotalong B．comealong C．caughtup D．turnedup20、A．final B．new C．key D．simple第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）TodayIwillshareatruestoryaboutanoverseasstudent1．studiedinGermany.Afteryearsofhardwork,thisstudentgraduatedwith2．(amaze)achievements.Everyonewassurethathewasgoingtogetagoodjob3．(easy)andhaveabrightfuture.Buttohissurprise,hewasnotevengiventhechancefor4．interview!Itwasthethirdtimethathe5．(refuse),hecouldn’thelp6．(telephone)thecompanytoaskwhytheydidn’twanthim.Theanswerwassimple.“Wedon’tofferjobstodishonestpeopleinGermany.”You

might

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shortlyafterhe7．(arrive)inGermany,thiscleverstudentfoundthat8．waseasytoskip(逃票)buyingsubwayticketsinthiscountry.Soinordertosavemoney,heoftenwentinthesubwaywithoutaticket.Asaresult,hehadbeencaughtwithoutaticketmanytimes.Fromthisstory,welearnthatwemaygetshort-termbenefits（好處）indishonestways,9．thetruthwillcomeoutsoonerorlaterandthecostishigh.Sorememberthat10．(honest)mayleadtofailure.Wemustbehonest.Itisarule.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）英語課上老師要求同桌之間修改作文，假設(shè)以下便條為你同桌所寫，請你對其進(jìn)行修改。便條中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（^），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。3、必須按答題要求做題，否則不給分。Wehighschoolstudentsdohavesomegrowingpains,butwecangetridofitcorrectlyandwisely.First,somestudentsareupsettheirfiguresandlooks.It'snecessaryandit'snotimportantatall.Weneedn’ttocareaboutthem.Itisone'sinnerbeautywhichmatters.Second,wesometimesseemstobemisunderstoodbyourclassmates.Facingthis,wecanfindapropertimetohaveaheart-to-hearttalkwiththem,trytoremovethemisunderstanding.Third.wemayfallafterothers,whichmakesusstressed.Actually,wecanencourageourselvestoworkefficient,fullofdeterminations.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的李華，請你給來校訪函，請他參加你們學(xué)校舉行的英語詩書會活動包括：1.發(fā)出邀請；2.介紹詩書活動的相關(guān)信息（例如：3.說明邀請的原因并詢問對方的意向注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右。2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMr.Li,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1、D2、C3、A4、A5、C6、B7、A8、A9、C10、B11、C12、C13、A14、B15、C16、D17、B18、C19、C20、B第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21、1、B2、A3、C4、D22、1、A2、C3、B4、D23、187、B1、A2、C24、America’sbusinessesaregettingolderandfatter,whilemanynewbusinessesaredyingininfancy.AstudylastmonthbytheBrookingsInstitutionfoundthattheproportionofolderfirmshasgrownsteadilyoverseveraldecades,whilethesurvivalrateofnewcompanieshasfallen.Inaddition,youngpeoplearestartingcompaniesatasharplylowerratethaninthepast.AnewreportfromtheNationalAssociationofManufacturersshowsamajorcause:Thecostofobeyinggovernmentregulationshasrisentomorethan$2trillion(12.26trillionyuan)annually,or12percentoftheGDP,andthiscostfallsdisproportionatelyonsmaller,newerbusinesses.It’srisky,difficultandexpensivetostartabusiness,andgettingmoreso.Governmentsareimposingvariousnewrulesonaseeminglydailybasis:healthinsurance,minimumwageincreasesand,mostrecentlyinCalifornia,compulsorypaidsickdaysforevenhourlyemployees.Theseregulationsshifthugesocialwelfarecostsdirectlyontooften-strugglingsmallbusinesses,whilebeingproportionallymuchlesscostlyforlargercompanies.Thisispartlyanunintendedissueofresources—establishedcompaniescancopewithnewcostsmoreeasily—butit’salsodeliberate.Forinstance,biginsurancecompaniesgotaseatatthetabletohelpwriteObamacare,butlesspoliticallypowerfulfirms—likemedicaldevicemanufacturers—gotsqueezed.Mature,successfulcorporationscanemployex-lawmakerswithconnections,distributecampaigncontributionsandevenwriteregulationsforthemselves.Theyarealsomorelikelytowanttoprotectsteadyrevenuestreamsthanrevolutionizetheirindustry.Majorcompaniesthathavebeensoill-managedtheywouldotherwisecollapse—airlines,carcompaniesandbanks—stagger(蹣跚)onbecausepoliticiansridetotherescuewithbagsoftaxpayermoney.Thegeniusofouruniquesystemofgovernmentisthedeterminationtoprotectanddefendtherightsoftheindividualovertherightsofthenation.Assuch,theriseofawell-connectedoligarchy(寡頭政治)thatprotectsbigbusinessattheexpenseofsmallbusiness,andtheestablishedoverthenew,isoppositetoAmericanideals.Incomeinequality—whichisdirectlycausedbyfaultygovernmentpolicy—isbeingpromotedasthereasontoimposemoreofthatbadpolicy.Butlet’sbeperfectlyclear,wedonothaveafreemarketbutonewheregovernmentpickswinnersandlosersthroughregulationsandfinancialaids.Politicsis,andalwayshasbeen,aboutbalancingcompetingin