（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第41篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.運(yùn)動(dòng)本身提供了一個(gè)與其他人社交的絕好機(jī)會(huì).比如,人們可以與朋友一起慢跑或者騎自行車,也可在上瑜伽課或者去健身中心時(shí)結(jié)識(shí)新朋友.Exerciseitselfcanprovideanexcellentopportunitytosocializewithothers.Forexample,peoplecan

gojoggingorbikingwithfriends(1.與朋友一起慢跑或騎車),oreven

makenewacquaintances(2.結(jié)識(shí)新朋友)byjoiningayogaclassora

fitnesscenter(3.健身中心).

1-gojoggingorbikingwithfriends

詞典釋義：joggingUK

['d??g.??]

US

['d?ɑ：.g??]

noun

uncountable

■theactivityofrunningataslowregularspeed,

especiallyasaformofexercise

慢跑(尤指作為健身鍛煉的方式)

?Heusually

goes

jogging

forhalfanhour

beforebreakfast.他通常在早餐前慢跑半小時(shí).

外刊例句：Thebabyboomersmaydobetteryet：today's

middle-agedhavegivenupsmoking,worryabouttheirdietand

gojogging

attheweekend.

()嬰兒潮出生的那代人或許做得更好：現(xiàn)在的中年人大多不再抽煙,注意飲食,在周末還去慢跑.

2-makenewacquaintances

詞典釋義：acquaintance

[?'kwe?n.t?nts]

noun

ADVANCED

countable

■apersonthatyouhavemetbutdonotknowwell

相識(shí)的人,熟人;泛泛之交?abusiness

acquaintance在生意上打過(guò)交道的人

ADVANCED

uncountable

formal

■usedinsomeexpressionsaboutknowingormeetingpeople

(用在某些表達(dá)方式中表示)認(rèn)識(shí),結(jié)識(shí)?ItwasattheTaylors'partythatIfirst

madehis

acquaintance

(=firstmethim).我是在泰勒家的聚會(huì)上初次和他相識(shí)的.?Iwasn'tsureaboutDarrylwhenIfirstmether,but

on

further

acquaintance

(=knowingheralittlemore)Iratherlike

her.第一次遇到達(dá)里爾時(shí),我不確定自己對(duì)她的觀感.但是隨著進(jìn)一步的了解,我很喜歡她.

外刊例句：ButinBrightontheyarenotlosingouton

thatpeculiarlyintimatepracticeofthreestrangerssharingoneseat-

alwaysafunwayto

makenew

acquaintances.()但他們?cè)诓既R頓能繼續(xù)維持那奇異的親密習(xí)俗,即與三個(gè)陌生人分享位置,這可是個(gè)交朋友的有趣方法.

替換表達(dá)：make/meetnewfriends、

3-fitnesscenter

詞典釋義：fitness

centrenoun

countable

■aplacewhereyougotoexercise,forexamplebylifting

weightsorusingotherequipment

健身中心(一個(gè)做健身運(yùn)動(dòng)的地方,如做負(fù)重運(yùn)動(dòng)或使用其他運(yùn)動(dòng)器械)

外刊例句：Iftheworldeconomicsystem"goes

sideways,"asMrJohnsonputsit,residentswillretreattotheir

self-sufficientgatedcommunity,wheretheywillenjoyashootingrange,

equestrianfacilities,andspaand

fitness

center.

()正如約翰遜先生所說(shuō)的,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)若"拐道而行”,那么市民將退縮回他們能獲得自我滿足的小區(qū)里,他們?cè)谀抢锿嫔鋼粲螒?騎馬練習(xí),享受按摩和去健身館健身.

替換表達(dá)：gym/fitnessclub

2.適量運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠緩解潛在的嚴(yán)重精神狀況,比如焦慮和消沉.即使是對(duì)于心理健康的人,運(yùn)動(dòng)也可以幫助他們?cè)鰪?qiáng)自信心,以及讓他們有更多的掌控感.Moderateexercise(1.適量運(yùn)動(dòng))canhelptoalleviatepotentiallyserious

psychologicalconditions(2.精神狀況),suchasanxietyanddepression.Evenforthosewhoalreadyenjoygoodmentalhealth,exercisecanstillhelptoboosttheirself-confidenceandgivethem

agreatersenseofcontrol(3.更多的掌控感).

1-moderateexercise

詞典釋義：moderateadjective

UK

[?m?d.?r.?t]

US

[?mɑ?.d??-]

MEDIUM-SIZED

中等的

ADVANCED

■neithersmallnorlargebutbetweenthetwo;clearly

withinthelimitsofarangeofpossibilities

中等的;不過(guò)分的,適度的

?moderate

growth/inflation適度的增長(zhǎng)／通貨膨脹?He'sa

moderate

drinker.他是個(gè)飲酒有節(jié)制的人.?Thecabinisof

moderate

size-justrightfora

smallfamily.這間小屋中等大小——正適合一個(gè)小家庭.?Imposingsanctionsisa

moderate

actionwhenyou

considerthatthealternativeismilitaryintervention.如果考慮到另一選擇是軍事干預(yù)的話,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)施制裁并不是過(guò)分的舉措.

外刊例句：Thesecondstudyoflifestyleandcancer,

whichtookdatafrom136,000Americans,foundthatanyonewhoquitssmoking;

doestwoandahalfhoursof

moderate

exercise

aweek.

()關(guān)于生活風(fēng)格和癌癥的第二份調(diào)查(其數(shù)據(jù)源于136000名美國(guó)人)顯示,能戒煙的人一般每周都會(huì)做2個(gè)半小時(shí)適度運(yùn)動(dòng).

替換表達(dá)：gentleexercise

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Appropriate/

properexercise點(diǎn)評(píng)：這兩個(gè)表達(dá)都不準(zhǔn)確,需要改為moderate

/gentleexercise

2-psychologicalconditions

詞典釋義：psychological

UK

[?sa?.k?l'?d?.?.k?l]

US

[-k?'lɑ：.d??-]

adjective

IMPROVER

■relatingtothehumanmindandfeelings

心理的;心理學(xué)的?psychological

problems心理問(wèn)題?Heclaimsthattheconstantaircraftnoisehasabad

psychological

effectontheresidents.他聲稱持續(xù)不斷的飛機(jī)噪音給居民造成了不良的心理影響.?Weareconcernedwiththephysicaland

psychological

well-beingofouremployees.我們關(guān)心員工的身心健康.■(ofanillnessorotherphysicalproblem)causedbyworry

orsadness

由焦慮(或悲傷)引起的;存在于心理上的?Isuspecthisheadachesarepurely

psychological.我懷疑他的頭痛純粹是心理作用.

condition[k?n'd??.?n]

noun

STATE

狀態(tài)

ESSENTIAL

[SorU]

■theparticularstatethatsomethingorsomeoneisin

狀況;狀態(tài)?Mum'sstillgotourpram-it'sveryold,butit's

in

perfect

condition.媽媽還留著我們的嬰兒車——雖然很舊了,但仍然完好.?Theylefttheflatinaterrible

condition

-there

wasmesseverywhere.他們把公寓房間弄得一團(tuán)糟——到處一片狼藉.?Thehospitalsayher

condition

(=stateofhealth)

isimprovingslowly.醫(yī)院說(shuō)她的健康狀況正在慢慢好轉(zhuǎn).?He's

inno

condition

(=Heistooillortoo

drunk)

to

drivehome.他的狀況根本不能自己開(kāi)車回家.

ADVANCED

countable

■anyofdifferenttypesofdiseases

疾病?tosufferfromaheart/skin

condition患有心臟／皮膚病?amedical

condition內(nèi)科疾病

外刊例句：Aswithmany

psychologicalconditions,thediagnosisofposttraumaticstress

disorder(PTSD)is,ineffect,aself-diagnosis.

()創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激癥與眾多心理病一樣,事實(shí)上都是可以自我檢測(cè)的.

替換表達(dá)：mentalconditions

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：mentalstatus點(diǎn)評(píng)：status是指"身份,地位”,不能用來(lái)指一個(gè)人的精神疾病狀況.

3-agreatersenseofcontrol

詞典釋義：sense■ageneralfeeling

orunderstanding

整體感覺(jué);領(lǐng)悟;理解?Didyougetany

sense

ofhowtheymight

react?

你預(yù)感他們會(huì)作何反應(yīng)??Thehelicoptershoveringoverheadaddedtothe

sense

of

urgency.在頭頂盤桓的直升機(jī)加重了緊迫感.senseoffun

■theabilityto

enjoylifeandnotbetooserious

輕松快樂(lè)的天性

?Don'tbeangry-itwasjustajoke-where'syour

sense

offun?別生氣——只是個(gè)笑話——你樂(lè)觀的天性哪里去了?senseofhumour

■yourabilityto

understandfunnythings

幽默感?She

has

areallygood

sense

of

humour.她真的很有幽默感.?We

have

thesame

sense

ofhumour.我們有同樣的幽默感.?Comeon,lightenup!Where'syour

sense

of

humour?

好了,放輕松點(diǎn)!你的幽默感哪里去了?

外刊例句：Itmaybethrillingbutwhatisneedednowis

agreatersenseofcontrol.

()這或許令人激動(dòng),不過(guò)現(xiàn)在所需的是更進(jìn)一步地控制自我.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：morefeeling

ofcontrol點(diǎn)評(píng)：feelingof

control應(yīng)該改為常見(jiàn)說(shuō)法senseofcontrol,more應(yīng)該改為great

注意：senseofcontrol前面要加冠詞,例如asenseofcontrol/thesenseofcontrolhewants

Q：更多的掌控感可以不用greater用more么?A：senseofcontrol一般不用more來(lái)修飾,常見(jiàn)說(shuō)法是a

great/strong/deep/tremendoussenseofcontrol

3.體育鍛煉的價(jià)值毋庸置疑.兒童尤其要靠運(yùn)動(dòng)保證其身心健康發(fā)展,也因此全球各地大部分的中小學(xué)都將體育課作為必修課.Thevalueofexerciseis

beyondquestion(1.毋庸置疑).Children,inparticular,relyonphysicalactivitytoensure

thehealthydevelopmentoftheirbodiesandminds(2.身心健康發(fā)展),anditisforthisreasonthatmostprimaryandsecondaryschoolsaroundtheworldmakephysicaleducationclasses

compulsory

(3.必修的,強(qiáng)制性的)forstudents.

1-beyondquestion

詞典釋義：beyondquestion

phrase

if

somethingisbeyondquestion,therearenodoubtsaboutitatall

Herloyaltyisbeyondquestion.

外刊例句：That

"opensource”isagoodwaytomakesoftwareis

beyondquestion.()"開(kāi)源”是制作軟件的好方法,這毋容置疑.

替換表達(dá)：beyonddoubt/dispute,withoutdoubt/undeniable

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Isdoubtless點(diǎn)評(píng)：doubtless是副詞,這里應(yīng)該改為形容詞undeniable,或者詞組beyond

doubt/dispute/question

2-thehealthydevelopmentoftheirbodiesand

minds

詞典釋義：healthy6.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容詞

明智的;聰明的;合理的

Ifyouhavea

healthy

attitudeaboutsomething,youshowgoodsense.

【搭配模式】：oftitv-linkADJto-inf?Shehasarefreshingly

healthy

attitudetowork...她對(duì)工作持一種明智態(tài)度,令人耳目一新.

?It'svery

healthy

tobeafraidwhenthere'ssomethingtobe

afraidof.不逞匹夫之勇是很明智的.

外刊例句：In1904,thecodeofpublicelementary

educationinstructedteachersto"affordallpupilseveryopportunity

forthe

healthydevelopmentoftheir

bodies,notonlybytrainingtheminappropriatephysicalexerciseand

organisedgames,butinstructingtheminsomeofthesimplerulesof

health".

()在1904,公共基礎(chǔ)教育指令教導(dǎo)老師該"給所以孩子提供一切可以健康鍛煉身體的機(jī)會(huì),不單是要帶他們做適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)和游戲,還得教導(dǎo)他們一些簡(jiǎn)單的健康準(zhǔn)則.”

3-compulsory

詞典釋義：compulsory

UK

[k?m'p?l.s?r.i]

US

[-s?-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■Ifsomethingiscompulsory,youmustdoitbecauseofa

ruleorlaw

必須做的;強(qiáng)制性的;必修的?Swimmingwas

compulsory

atmyschool.在我們學(xué)校,游泳是必修課.?Wearingseatbeltsincarsis

compulsory

bylaw.

坐車系安全帶是法律強(qiáng)制規(guī)定的.

外刊例句：So,inshort,itwouldbenaturaltoexpect

thatWilsonandTheEconomist—whocountedthemselvesasamongthemost

fanaticalopponentsofgovernmentinterventionin19th-centuryBritain—would

havebeenagainst

compulsory

vaccination.

()簡(jiǎn)而言之,這因此很自然就會(huì)想著,威爾森和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人雜志都會(huì)反對(duì)強(qiáng)制注射疫苗.他們都自詡為19世紀(jì)對(duì)于政府干預(yù)的最狂熱反對(duì)者.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)compulsive點(diǎn)評(píng)：compulsive是指"強(qiáng)迫性的,難控制的(往往是精神病的結(jié)果或征兆)”,例如：acompulsiveeatingdisorder強(qiáng)迫性飲食失調(diào)癥,單詞用在語(yǔ)境中不合適,應(yīng)該改為compulsory(2)essential點(diǎn)評(píng)：essential是指"重要的”,但沒(méi)有表達(dá)出"強(qiáng)制”這一層含義.4.大學(xué)應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)和促進(jìn)學(xué)生參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng).方法之一是在校園內(nèi)提供體育和健身設(shè)施,例如籃球場(chǎng)和游泳池.這些設(shè)施對(duì)學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)是免費(fèi)開(kāi)放的,以作為一種對(duì)他們健身的附加激勵(lì).Universitiesshouldencourageandfacilitatestudentparticipationinsports.Onewaytoaccomplishthisistoprovideon-campussportsand

fitnessfacilities(1.健身設(shè)施),suchasbasketballcourtsandaswimmingpool.Thesefacilitiesshouldbeavailable

free-of-charge

(2.免費(fèi)的)tostudentsasanadditionalincentiveto

stayfit(3.健身).

1-fitnessfacilities

詞典釋義：facilities

[plural]

IMPROVER

■thebuildings,

equipmentandservicesprovidedforaparticularpurpose

設(shè)施;設(shè)備?shopping

facilities購(gòu)物設(shè)施?medical

facilities醫(yī)療設(shè)施?sports

facilities體育設(shè)施

外刊例句：Hundredsofcheaper

fitnessfacilities

arepoppingupintheUK–ofteninplaceof

fast-foodrestaurants–andoneinsevenofusisnowasignedupmember.()數(shù)百間廉價(jià)健身館在英國(guó)涌現(xiàn)(通常在快餐店旁),而且每七個(gè)英國(guó)人就會(huì)有一個(gè)人是它們的會(huì)員.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：fitting

infrastructures點(diǎn)評(píng)：infrastructure是指鐵路、公路、銀行等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,不可以指健身器材.

2-free-of-charge

詞典釋義：

freeofcharge

：

withoutcharge

：

atnocost

Heofferedhisservices

free

ofcharge.[=withoutreceivingmoney]

外刊例句：Thatishighwayrobbery,however,bythe

standardsofanewonlinebrokerage,Robinhood,whichenablesclientsto

tradeshares

freeofcharge,viaa

newmobileapp.

()然而,這就新型網(wǎng)上股票手續(xù)費(fèi)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而言,簡(jiǎn)直是"羅賓漢”般的劫富濟(jì)貧——這個(gè)新型移動(dòng)端應(yīng)用程序能讓客戶免手續(xù)費(fèi)交易股票.

替換表達(dá)：forfree

3-stayfit注意這里stay是系動(dòng)詞.

詞典釋義：stayste?]

verb

CONTINUE

繼續(xù)

ESSENTIAL

intransitive

usually+adverborpreposition

[L]

■tocontinuedoing

something,ortocontinuetobeinaparticularstate

繼續(xù)做;保持?Stay