2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module2AJobWorthDoing學(xué)案必修5

Module2AJobWorthDoing一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認(rèn)就行(背誦時(shí)遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．intellectualadj. 腦力的；思維的；需用才智的2．barbern. 理發(fā)師3．biochemistn. 生物化學(xué)家4．electriciann. 電工；電器技師5．sheeradj. 垂直的；陡峭的6．encountern. 相遇；邂逅7．profoundadj. (影響)深刻的；極大的8．verticaladj. 垂直的9．contractn. 合同；契約10．permanentadj. 長久的；永久的；永恒的11．salaryn. 工資；薪水12．staffn. 全體職員；員工(二)背重點(diǎn)單詞——寫對才行1．offervi. (主動)提出(愿意做某事)2．signaln. 信號3．respectvt. 遵守4．bendn. 彎曲處；彎道5．circularadj. 圓形的6．missionn. 任務(wù)；職責(zé)；使命7．temporaryadj. 暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的8．earnvt. 掙(錢)9．essentialadj. 必不可少的；絕對重要的10．gratefuladj. 感激的；感謝的11．a(chǎn)vailableadj. 可獲得的12．doublevi. 加倍13．leisuren. 休閑14．outgoingadj. 外向的(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．satisfyvt.使?jié)M意→satisfyingadj.令人滿意的→satisfiedadj.感到滿意的→satisfactionn．滿意2．stressn．壓力→stressfuladj.充滿壓力的；緊張的→stressedadj.有壓力的；緊張的3．a(chǎn)ccountn．賬戶；描述→accountantn．會計(jì)4．minen．礦v．開礦→minern．礦工→mineraln．礦物質(zhì)5．volunteern．志愿者v．志愿→voluntaryadj.志愿的6．directvt.指揮adj.直接的→directionn．方向；方位→directlyadv.直接地；徑直地7．qualifyv．(使)獲得資格→qualifiedadj.合格的；稱職的→qualificationn．資格；資格證書8．freezevi.凍?。粌鼋鷉reezern．冰箱→freezingadj.極冷的→frozenadj.凍住的；凍僵的9．signvt.簽字；簽署→signaturen．簽名；簽字10．a(chǎn)pplyvi.申請→applicationn．申請→applicantn．申請者11．organizev.組織→organizern.組織者→organisationn.組織→organisationaladj.組織的12．requirevt.需要→requirementn．需要；需求13．demandn．要求；需要→demandingadj.要求極嚴(yán)的14．traditionn．傳統(tǒng)→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的15．suffervi.遭受(痛苦)→sufferingn．痛苦16．fitadj.健康的；強(qiáng)健的→fitnessn．健康17．personn.人，個(gè)人→personaladj.個(gè)人的；私人的→personalityn．個(gè)性；性格[語境活用]1．Heisobviouslysatisfiedwiththeresult,forhissmileisfilledwithsatisfaction.(satisfy)2．Heisstressedwithtoomuchhomework,butyou’dtellhimnottobesostressful.(stress)3．Aftergraduation,you’llbequalifiedwiththequalificationtobeginyourcareer.(qualify)4．Withtheglobalwarmingdeveloping,someancientvirusthatwasfrozenbeforewillescapefromthefreezingtemperature.(freeze)5．Asanapplicant,_hehandsinhisapplicationformandwaitsforthevolunteerpost.(apply)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．a(chǎn)pplyvi.申請；適用；應(yīng)用vt.使專心致志背詞條用法applyto適用于(to為介詞)apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……applytodosth.申請去做某事applyfor申請applyoneselfto致力于；集中精力于背寫作佳句①Aftergraduationfromuniversity,I’llapplywhatIhavelearnedtoeverydaylife.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我將會把學(xué)到的東西運(yùn)用到每天的生活中。②Tomydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.令我高興的是，我是從數(shù)百名申請者中挑選出來參加開幕式的。③Overthenextmonths,heappliedhimselftoimprovingthetechnique.在接下來的幾個(gè)月里，他致力于改進(jìn)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。2．requirevt.需要；要求背詞條用法(1)requiresth.ofsb.向某人要求某物requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事requiredoing/tobedone需要被做requirethatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事It’srequiredthat...(should)dosth.要求……做某事(2)meet/satisfyone’srequirements滿足某人的要求背寫作佳句①Allofthestudentsarerequiredtogettoschoolbeforeclass.要求所有學(xué)生上課前到校。②Theschoolrequiresallstudentstowearschooluniformsatschool.＝Allthestudentsarerequiredtowearschooluniformsatschool.＝Theschoolrequiresthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.＝It’srequiredthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.學(xué)校要求所有的學(xué)生在學(xué)校穿校服。3.demandn．&v．要求；需要；需求背詞條用法(1)indemand需求；受歡迎meetone’sdemand(s)滿足某人的需求(2)demandsth.ofsb.向某人要求某物demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事(that從句中用虛擬語氣)背寫作佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Allmembersaredemandedtotakeregulartrainingonadailybasis,moreexactly,from3pmto5pmeveryday.所有會員都被要求每天接受定期培訓(xùn)，更確切地說，每天下午3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)。②Thisisademandingjobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference.這是一項(xiàng)要求很高的工作，一個(gè)小小的錯誤就可能產(chǎn)生很大的影響。③Weshouldrepeatwhattheteacherstaughtusagainandagain,andthenwecanremembertheknowledgethattheteachersdemandustomaster.我們應(yīng)該一遍又一遍重復(fù)老師教我們的，然后我們才能記住老師要求我們掌握的知識。(五)背短語詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．in_particular 尤其；特別2．on_average 平均3．in_theory 理論上；從理論上來說4．in_practice 實(shí)際上；在實(shí)踐中5．pass_by 經(jīng)過6．take_up 站好位置以備……；占據(jù)；從事7．in_response_to 作為……的回應(yīng)8．take_..._for_granted 以為……理所當(dāng)然9．be_keen_on 喜愛10．a(chǎn)pply_to 適用于；運(yùn)用11．have_an_effect_on 對……產(chǎn)生影響eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點(diǎn)短語拓展用活1．takeup站好位置以備……；開始從事(某項(xiàng)工作)；接受；占用(時(shí)間)；占據(jù)(空間)；繼續(xù)；拿起背相關(guān)短語takeapart拆開(機(jī)器等)takeaway帶走；拿走takeoff起飛；脫下(衣服)takedown寫下；記錄；拆掉takeback退回；收回takeon承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；雇用takeover接管；接任；占上風(fēng)takein吸收；包括；理解；收容；欺騙背寫作佳句①Inreturn,herstudentstookonapletelynewlook.作為回報(bào)，她的學(xué)生們呈現(xiàn)出全新的面貌。②WhenMrGreenretired,hissontookoverthebusinessfromhim.當(dāng)格林先生退休時(shí)，他的兒子接管了他的生意。③Itisonlybytakingacorrectattitudetowardsadvertisingthatwecanavoidbeingtakenin.只有對廣告采取正確的態(tài)度，我們才能避免上當(dāng)。2．take...forgranted以為……理所當(dāng)然背相關(guān)短語takeiteasy放松點(diǎn)take...forexample以……為例take...seriously認(rèn)真對待……take...intoaccount/consideration把……考慮在內(nèi)背寫作佳句①(2018·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))Inaddition,consumersareforcedtocloselyexaminetheconsumptionratingsonlineanddrawtheirownconclusions,whotakeitforgrantedthattheratingsequalthequalityandpopularity.此外，消費(fèi)者被迫在網(wǎng)上仔細(xì)查看消費(fèi)排名并得出自己的結(jié)論，他們理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為消費(fèi)排名等于質(zhì)量和人氣。②(2019·北京高考書面表達(dá))Isincerelyhopethatyoucantakemysuggestionsintoaccount/considerationandI’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.我真誠地希望你能考慮我的建議，并期待你的早日回復(fù)。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Everymorningheclimbsuptothebendwithalargecircularboardinhishand.(“with＋n.＋介詞短語”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))每天早晨，他都手里拿著一個(gè)大圓板爬上彎道。佳句①Withourdoughfigurinesinthehands,wetookphotoswiththecraftsman.我們手里拿著面人，和工匠合影留念。佳句②Shesawasmallriverwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.她看到一條小河，兩岸長滿了紅花綠草。2．Hewasdrivingalorryloadofbananaswhenhecameofftheroadatabendandfellthreehundredmetresdownthemountain.(“bedoing...when...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“正在做……，這時(shí)……”)他正駕駛著一輛滿載香蕉的卡車，突然在一個(gè)拐彎處偏離車道墜落到山下300米處。佳句①Iwaswaitingforthegreenlightatacrossingwhenagirlofabouttenyearsoldwasknockeddownbyapassingcar.我在十字路口等綠燈時(shí)，一個(gè)大約十歲的女孩被一輛過路的汽車撞倒了。佳句②Thechildrenwereplayingfootballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain.孩子們正在操場上踢足球，這時(shí)下起了雨。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Attractedbyapositioninthepany,Ihavealreadywrittenmyapplicationletterandresume.被公司的一個(gè)職位所吸引，所以我已經(jīng)寫了求職信和簡歷。2．EnglishismyfavouritesubjectandI’vewonseveralprizesinEnglishcontests.SoIthinkthatI’mqualifiedfortheposition.英語是我最喜愛的學(xué)科，我曾數(shù)次在英語競賽中獲獎，因此我認(rèn)為我能勝任這個(gè)職位。3．IfyoufeelthatIamsuitedforthejob,pleaseinformmeofthetimeofaninterviewatyourconvenience.Ihopetohearfromyouinthenearfuture.如果您認(rèn)為我適合該項(xiàng)工作，請您在方便的時(shí)候通知我面試的時(shí)間。我希望在不久的將來能收到您的來信。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點(diǎn)——推薦信(二)[題目要求]假定你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。英國交換生Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對你校的學(xué)生社團(tuán)非常感興趣，計(jì)劃下學(xué)期參加其中一個(gè)，他向你征詢建議。請給他回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．推薦的社團(tuán)；2.推薦的理由；3.建議他做哪些準(zhǔn)備。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearJim,I’mmorethandelightedtoknowyouareinterestedintheclubsofourschoolandwanttojoinoneofthemnextterm.TheBeijingOperaclubisremendedforthefollowingreasons.First,BeijingOperaislikeapearlintraditionalChineseart.JoiningthisclubcangiveyouatasteoftraditionalChineseart.Besides,theclubwillregularlyorganizevariousactivities,suchasinvitingfamousactorstoperformanddrawingBeijingOperamasks.Whenitestopreparation,youcanwatchsomefamousBeijingOperavideosontheInternetorreadsomerelevantmaterials,whichwilldefinitelybebeneficialtoyou.Hopemysuggestionscanbeofhelp.Ifyouwanttolearnsomethingmore,don’thesitatetocontactme.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點(diǎn)]1．學(xué)高級表達(dá)(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：apearlintraditionalChineseart,atasteof,whenitesto,relevantmaterials,bebeneficialto,beofhelp等。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：被動語態(tài)TheBeijingOperaclubisremended...；動名詞短語作主語Joiningthisclub；非限制性定語從句whichwilldefinitelybebeneficialtoyou等。這些表達(dá)增強(qiáng)了文章的表達(dá)效果，是加分的亮點(diǎn)所在。2．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用Hopemysuggestionscanbeofhelp.表達(dá)了作者希望自己的推薦能有所幫助。接著，用一個(gè)含有條件狀語從句的句子表達(dá)了愿意繼續(xù)提供幫助，感情真摯，能讓對方感受到作者的熱情。3．學(xué)過渡銜接文章中first,besides等過渡詞語和過渡句TheBeijingOperaclubisremendedforthefollowingreasons.的使用使文章敘述更合理，行文更流暢，邏輯更嚴(yán)密。4．防微點(diǎn)失分考生容易把“JoiningthisclubcangiveyouatasteoftraditionalChineseart.”中的Joining誤表達(dá)為Join，或把“Hopemysuggestionscanbeofhelp.”中的suggestions誤用成suggestion，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點(diǎn)單詞的查漏補(bǔ)缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Itisessential(絕對重要的)thatweshouldnotleaveschoolwithoutpermission.2．Doyoustillrememberourencounter(相遇；邂逅)oncampuslastsummer?3．Thelittleboyfeltgrateful(感激的)tothecoachforhislettinghimjoininthegame.4.Nowwehavenochoicebuttocancelthiscontract(合同)．5.Thegirl’spersonality(性格)issooutgoing(外向的)thatsheisverypopularamongherfriends.6．Nowmoreandmorepeoplehavetotakeuptemporary(臨時(shí)的)jobswhentheyhavenopermanent(永久的)ones.7．Themother’sbehaviorhasaprofound(深遠(yuǎn)的)impactonthedevelopmentofthechildren.8．Wecouldgivepeopletealeisure(休閑)timetospendwiththeirfriendsandfamilies,travelandpursueotherinterests.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍(lán)部分的漢語意思1．Nomatterhowupsetsomeonemayfeelwhenvoting,heoughttorespectthefairnessofthevoting. 遵守2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Themirrorsarecontrolledbyaputerthatdirectsthemtoturnalongwiththesun... 指揮3．(2019·天津高考)Thesignonthewallofthelibrarysays，“Nomagazineisallowedtobetakenoutofthereadingroom”． 指示牌4．Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping. 彎曲5．(2018·天津高考)Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids(水解膠體)fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae(藻類)andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients(烹飪原料)． 可再生材料6．(2018·江蘇高考)Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,exceedingtheexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts. 分析師7．(熟詞生義)(2019·北京高考)Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimself... 投籃8．(熟詞生義)(2019·浙江高考)HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet. 公布，發(fā)布Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Ourattitudetowardsourdevotedteachersshouldberespectful(respect)．2．Having_suffered(suffer)suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.3．Mybicycleisnotavailabletoyoubecauseitisbeingrepaired.4．Whatwillthismeanfortraditional(tradition)booksandmagazines?5．Ihiredafitness(fit)coach,andIbegantoeatsmallandhealthymeals.6．Withtheguidedirectingus,wesetoffinthedirectionofthedestinationdirectly.(direct)7．Afterastressfulweekofwork,alltheemployeeswereextremelystressedandtired.Theyplainedthatfewcouldworkefficientlyunderstress.(stress)8．Today’sweatherisveryfreezing,_soit’sunnecessarytoputyourmeatintothefreezerandjustputitoutsideanditisquicklyfrozen.(freeze)名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)essential“絕對重要的”，表示“重要的”形容詞還有：important“重要的”；significant“有重大意義的”；vital“至關(guān)重要的”。(2)contract“合同；契約”，注意識別形近詞：contact“接觸，聯(lián)系”；contrast“對比，對照”。(3)“個(gè)性；性格”各不相同：①outgoing外向的 ②easy-going隨和的③optimistic樂觀的 ④humorous有幽默感的⑤modest謙虛的 ⑥generous寬宏大量的⑦selfish自私的 ⑧selfless無私的⑨sensitive敏感的；體貼的 ⑩stubborn頑固的，固執(zhí)的[重點(diǎn)練——深化高頻考點(diǎn)]1．a(chǎn)pply[明其義]vi.申請；適用；應(yīng)用vt.使專心致志[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Applywhatyoulearnintheonlinecoursetoyourdailywork,andyousurelywillsucceedinthefuture.②(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))IsuggestyouapplyforBeijingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.③Iamwritingtoapplyto_join(join)intheactivityyouareorganizing.④LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearning(learn)howtoreadandwrite.(2)補(bǔ)全句子⑤Afterashortholiday,heapplied_himself_tohisstudiesagain.經(jīng)過短暫的假期后，他又全神貫注于他的學(xué)習(xí)。[解其困]apply作“申請”講時(shí)是不及物動詞，表達(dá)“向某人申請”要用“applytosb.”。2．require[明其義]vt.需要；要求[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Shepatientlyexplainedalltherulestothestudentsandrequiredeveryoneto_follow(follow)them.②Firstly,IfeelthatIampetenttomeetyourrequirements(require)．③Alltheproblemsputforwardatthemeetingrequiresolving/to_be_solved(solve)inonemonth.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Therulesrequireallstudentstoattendatleast90percentofthelectures.→Therulesrequirethatallstudents(should)_attendatleast90percentofthelectures.[解其困]require作“需要”時(shí)，其后跟v.-ing主動形式表示被動的含義或不定式的被動式，即：requiredoing/tobedone。類似用法的詞還有need,want,deserve等。3．demand[明其義]n．&v．要求；需要；需求[通其用](1)單句語法填空①First,sciencegraduatesareingreaterdemandthanartsonesinChina.②Myfathercamedownstairsanddemandedto_know(know)whatwasgoingon.③Thebossdemandsthateveryone(should)_attend(attend)themeetingtobeheldtomorrow.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Theteacherdemandedtobegivenmyparents’telephonenumber.→Theteacherdemandedthathe_(should)_be_givenmyparents’telephonenumber.[解其困]“要求某人做某事”不能用demandsb.todosth.表達(dá)，但可以用demandofsb.todosth.或demandthatsb.(should)dosth.學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強(qiáng)化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.詞塊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練——選詞填空inparticular，onaverage，intheory，inpractice，passby，takeup，inresponseto，take...forgranted，bekeenon，applyto1.Hejustpassed_by,_notnoticingaboyplayingfootballthere.2．Imayaswellapply_totheseuniversities,whichprovidereallygoodfinancialaid.3．Nowadays,Ithinkalotofpeople,womenin_particular,_canserveasateacher.4．Weshouldbegratefultoourparents’loveinsteadoftaking_it_for_granted.5.Itsoundsfinein_theory,_butwillitwork?6．Itwassometimebeforethedooropenedin_response_tohisring.7.Heis_keen_onallkindsofnewthingsandhasapreferenceforputer.8.Thisiscertainlyatheoreticalriskbutin_practicethereisseldomaproblem.9．Itisreportedthattheschoolcannottake_uptoomuchofthestudents’sparetime.10．Scientistsestimatethatsmokingreduceslifeexpectancybyaround2yearson_average.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)passby“經(jīng)過”，其他和by搭配的短語還有：byaccident(bychance)“偶然，偶爾”；byair“通過航空，乘飛機(jī)”；byheart“牢記，熟記”；bynature“本性”；dropby“順道拜訪，順便來訪”；byparison“通過對比，相比之下，相比較”。(2)intheory“理論上”，inpractice“實(shí)際上”，其他類似結(jié)構(gòu)：inreturn“作為回報(bào)，作為報(bào)答”；ineffect“實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上”；inshort(＝inbrief)“簡言之，總之，簡而言之”；inturn“依次”；insight“被見到，在望，看得見”。(3)bekeenon“熱衷于”，其同義短語還有：beenthusiasticin“熱衷于……”。Ⅱ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中takeup的含義)①IalwaystakeupthebookandreadwhenIaminmylowspirits.拿起②Shetookupthestorywhereshehadleftoffthenightbefore.繼續(xù)③Agooddealofmytimeistakenupbydrivingthechildrentoschool.占用④Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受⑤Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.開始從事[句式的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]“bedoing...when...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“正在做……，這時(shí)……”[通其用]1．單句語法填空①Iwas_watching(watch)thefootballmatchwhenhecamein.②HeaskedmewhatIwould_be_doing(do)whenhecamethenextday.③Shewasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.④Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.2．補(bǔ)全句子⑤I_was_about_to_give_up_the_search_whensomethinginthebushescaughtmyeyes.我正要放棄搜尋，這時(shí)灌木叢中有東西吸引了我的目光。[解其困]用法規(guī)則(1)bedoing...when...正在做……，這時(shí)……(2)beabouttodo...when.../beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……，這時(shí)……(3)had(just)done...when...剛做完……，這時(shí)……注意事項(xiàng)這些句式中when是并列連詞，相當(dāng)于andatthat/thistime，而不是when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。

學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價(jià)值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020浙江7月高考·閱讀理解C篇對接主題：未來職業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢，個(gè)人職業(yè)傾向、未來規(guī)劃等（一）精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍(lán)體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Challenging①workthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.[2]eq\o(ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1，000,\s\do4(1))retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptoebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.[3]Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(認(rèn)知)functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.[4]“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise，”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”[5]It’snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“running④afamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating(協(xié)調(diào))，”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”[6]Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.［析微點(diǎn)·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①構(gòu)詞法——challenging詞源：challengev．&n．挑戰(zhàn)challengingadj.有挑戰(zhàn)性的通句式——句子(1)中主句的主語是Researchers，謂語動詞是gathered，其中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞retiredworkers。②微點(diǎn)撥——第四段通過作比較的寫作手法來進(jìn)一步解釋其研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。③微點(diǎn)撥——第五段通過舉例子的寫作手法來指出其他高難度的工作也可以刺激大腦，鍛煉腦力。④微積累——熟詞生義：runv．跑步 (熟義)v．經(jīng)營 (生義)[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]（二）解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]28．Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?A．Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B．Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.C．Toanalyzetheirpersonality.D．Tomeasuretheirmentalability.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“assessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskills”可知，科學(xué)家對這些志愿者的測試主要是來研究和評估他們的記憶力和思考能力，故選D項(xiàng)。29．HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?A．Byusinganexpert’swords.B．Bymakingaparison.C．Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D．Byintroducingaconcept.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise”可知，F(xiàn)ranciscaThen把它與體育鍛煉相比較，故采用的方法是“對比法”，故選B項(xiàng)。30．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．RetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkillsB．OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobsC．YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharpD．CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中的“Challengingwork...mighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage”可知，本文主要說明了有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作能更好地讓你保持頭腦敏銳，故選C項(xiàng)。[為什么考·有何價(jià)值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第30題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維。文章通過一系列的測試和結(jié)果分析，主要告訴我們在腦力上不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，可以使一個(gè)人變老時(shí)大腦反應(yīng)仍然很敏銳。故其主題為：有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作能夠幫助你保持頭腦敏銳?？焖贋g覽可知文章是“總—分—總”的結(jié)構(gòu)，故首段或尾段內(nèi)容可以有效概括文章主題，進(jìn)而確定文章最佳標(biāo)題。一些考生如果缺乏概括性思維，就會錯選。二、聚焦核心價(jià)值本文是一篇說明文。文章通過一項(xiàng)測試研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作能夠讓人更好地保持頭腦敏銳。本主題充分體現(xiàn)出英語教學(xué)中滲透中學(xué)生未來職業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢以及個(gè)人職業(yè)傾向、未來規(guī)劃的相關(guān)信息，符合我國教育部門對學(xué)生開展職業(yè)規(guī)劃教育的要求。隨著社會的迅速發(fā)展，提早對中學(xué)生進(jìn)行職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃、培養(yǎng)職業(yè)規(guī)劃的理念和能力尤為重要。（三）借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thereislittleassessment(assess)ofthedamagetothenaturalenvironment.2．Buildingahomefromscratchcanbebothexcitingandchallenging(challenge)．3．Hishealthforcedhimintoearlyretirement(retire)．4．Readersmaybe_stimulated(stimulate)bytheideaspresentedinthebook.5．Generally,womenaresogoodatmultitasking(multitask)thatitappearsit’salleffortless.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．Peopletend_to(傾向于)dowhattheyaregoodatdoingandwhattheylikedoing.2．Youcanphonemeat_work(上班時(shí))aslongasyoudon’tmakeitahabit.3．Theorganizationswillcontinue_to_do(繼續(xù)做)whattheycantohelpdevelopingcountries.Ⅲ.分析長難句1．Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking，planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage，astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Challengingwork，謂語是mighthelp。其中that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Challengingwork；as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；published為過去分詞作定語修飾a_study。[句意翻譯]周三發(fā)表在《神經(jīng)學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，挑戰(zhàn)性的工作需要大量的分析思維、計(jì)劃和其他管理技能，這可能會幫助你的大腦在你變老時(shí)保持敏銳。2．Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激)，demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Those，謂語是tended_to_do。其中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Those。[句意翻譯]那些在退休前做刺激腦力的、要求高的工作的人往往在測試中表現(xiàn)最好。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你是李華，將于今年七月從新星外語學(xué)校畢業(yè)，你從報(bào)紙上得知某公司要招聘一名英文秘書，你很感興趣。請你給該公司寫一封求職信，內(nèi)容包括：1．年齡；2．學(xué)習(xí)情況及英語水平；3．興趣和特長；4．性格特點(diǎn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：DearSir/Madam，I’mLiHua,astudentstudyinginXinxingForeignLanguageSchool.IhavelearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourpanyneedsanEnglishsecretary.Theadreallyappealstome,soI’mnowwritingtoyoutoapplyforthejob.IwillgraduatethisingJuly.AsImajorinEnglish,I’mparticularlygoodatspokenEnglish,andcanmunicateverywell.Besides,Icanalwaysgetalongwellwithothersinateam.Iamoptimisticandopen-minded,alwaysreadytohelpothers.Inmysparetime,Iliketoinvolvemyselfinsomeoutdooractivities.IdohopethatIcanmeetyourrequirements.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua未來職業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢，個(gè)人職業(yè)傾向、未來規(guī)劃等Ⅰ.閱讀理解SchoolhadjuststartedinAugustwhenConnerbeganthrowingupfornoreason.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheboyalsobegansufferingterribleheadaches.InFebruarya1.7-inchtumorwasfoundinhisbrainandConnerwassettobegintoreceiveradiation(放射療法)treatments.Beforetreatmentsstart,techniciansmakeawhiteplasticmask(面罩)tokeeppatientsimmoveableandprotectunaffectedpartsofthebrainwhileradiationisdirectedatthetumor.It’sanunpleasantexperienceandafrighteningtime.ThedoctorCookdecidedthatthemaskscouldatleastbemadetolooklikesomethingfun—maybeBatmanorMickeyMouse.“Istartedthinkingthesemasksarewhiteandnotfunatallforkids，”shetoldTheGreenvilleNews.“Ifeltlikeifwecouldmakeitalittlemorefunforthem,theymightbealittlemoreexcitedaboutinginforthetreatment.Becausethekidsareafraid.Whilethetreatmentitselfisn’tphysicallypainful,itcancausealotofanxiety.Andthetreatmentisrequireddailyforuptosixweeks.”Andthemasksreallymakeadifference.“Thekidsreallylikethem，”Cooksaid.“Itmakeswhatis,let’sfaceit,aterribleexperience,aniceexperiencebecausetheygettochoosesomethingthemselves.”Whennewchildreneinforthetreatment,Cookfindsoutwhattheirfavoritemoviesorcartooncharactersare.Thenshesetsaboutcreatingthemaskbydrawingtheimageshewantsontopaper,stickingitwithglue,andonceit’sdry,sheappliesthecolorsusingpaints.Eachchildcantakethemaskhomeoncethetreatmentends.“ingtothedoctoralwaysmeansfearandpain.Iwantedtomakeitfun，”shesaid.“Thekidsreallyloveit.It’ssomethingtheyenjoyandcanrelateto.AnditfillsaninterestIhave.Igetgreatpleasurefromit.”語篇解讀：兒童腦瘤病人在接受放射性治療時(shí)會感到害怕，Cook醫(yī)生把病人治療時(shí)戴的面罩用孩子們喜歡的人物形象裝飾，從而幫助這些小病人克服恐懼心理，順利接受治療。1．WhywastheplasticmaskusedaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Tocheckthepatient’sbrain.B．Toreducethepatient’sheadache.C．Topreventthepatientfromthrowingup.D．Toprotectthepatient’sbrainduringthetreatment.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，面罩是用來保持病人不動的，并且在放射治療的時(shí)候，可以保護(hù)大腦中不受腫瘤影響的部分。故選D項(xiàng)。2．Whatcanweknowabouttheradiationtreatment?A．Itcanbereceivedathome.B．Ithastobefinishedinamonth.C．Itmaymakethepatientsfeelworried.D．Itwillcausehugephysicalpainforpatients.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whilethetreatmentitselfisn’tphysicallypainful,itcancausealotofanxiety.”可知，治療不會引起身體上的疼痛，但會引起焦慮。故選C項(xiàng)。3．WhatdoesCookdotohelpthechildrenbeingtreated?A．Offerthemsomefreemasksasgifts.B．ShowthemtheirfavoritemoviesorTVshows.C．Dressthemupascartooncharacters.D．Makethemasksmoreinterestingtokids.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Andthemasksreallymakeadifference.’Thekidsreallylikethem，’Cooksaid.”和最后一段中的“Thekidsreallyloveit.It’ssomethingtheyenjoyandcanrelateto.”可知，Cook通過裝飾面罩，讓面罩變得更加有趣，從而讓孩子們不那么害怕治療。故選D項(xiàng)。4．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthisstory?A．Lovecantreattheterriblesickness.B．Kindnesscanbringwarmthandjoy.C．Healthmatterstoeveryone.D．Creativityleadstosuccess.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，在Cook醫(yī)生的熱心幫助下，孩子們不再害怕治療，看病也不再是痛苦和冰冷的，而是快樂的、溫暖的，并且Cook醫(yī)生也通過幫助這些孩子獲得了快樂。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.完形填空Mysonhasbeeninhospitalagain,thistimewithanemergencyadmission.Hewas__1__byambulancefromourlocalhealthcentertothechildren’shospital.Inthiscountry,allambulancesare__2__andmannedbyfiremenanditwasno__3__thistime.Whileonefiremandrove,theotherwasinthe__4__withmeandmyson.Hestarted__5__mysonassoonashewascarriedin,__6__himwhetherhe’dpreferEnglishorPortuguese.Whenmyson__7__eitherofthem,thefiremansuggestedspeakingEnglishsothatmysoncould__8__itwithhim.Ofcourse,thatgavehimplentyof__9__todrawmyson’sattentiontooffering“tuition(學(xué)費(fèi))”—Itwasjustajoke.The__10__ofthemchattedforthefullhour.__11__，hehadbeenassignedthetaskofkeepingmyboy__12__.Hedidthissoskillfullythatmysondidn’t__13__thatIwascryingallthewaywithlightsflashing.Actually,thebackofanambulanceisa__14__placeforme.AndthenIgotsickandhadto__15__thewindowalittle.Itwascold,sothisabsolutelywonderfulguytookhisownjacketoffand__16__itaroundmyson’sheadandneck.Theseexcellentguys__17__withusduringthecheck-inprocedure,andfinally__18__whenImadesurethatmyhusbandwasonhiswayinthecar.Ican’tbe__19__enoughtothefiremen.They’reourfiremen,andtheyareall__20__，ofcourse.語篇解讀：本文講述的是作者的兒子有一天突然需要急救，在消防員駕駛的救護(hù)車?yán)?，消防員用耐心和專業(yè)的救護(hù)技能幫助作者的兒子度過難關(guān)，并陪伴他們直到作者確定自己的丈夫在趕來的路上。作者對消防員充滿感激，認(rèn)為他們是英雄。1．A.treated B．limitedC．protected D．sent解析：選D根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“byambulancefromourlocalhealthcentertothechildren’shospital”可知，作者的兒子是被救護(hù)車從當(dāng)?shù)氐慕】抵行乃偷絻和t(yī)院的。send意為“送”，符合語境。treat“對待；治療”；limit“限制”；protect“保護(hù)”。2．A.repaired B．drivenC．inspected D．rejected解析：選B根據(jù)下文中的“Whileonefiremandrove”可知，在這個(gè)國家都是由消防員駕駛和操控救護(hù)車，drive意為“駕駛”，符合語境。repair“修理”；inspect“視察；檢查”；reject“拒絕”。3．A.exception B．pityC．excuse D．problem解析：選A根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的內(nèi)容可知，在這個(gè)國家都是由消防員駕駛和操控救護(hù)車，and表示語義的承接，此處應(yīng)表示這次也沒有例外。exception意為“例外”，符合語境。pity“同情”；excuse“借口”；problem“問題”。4．A.front B．busC．back D．hospital解析：選C根據(jù)第三段中的“thebackofanambulance”可推知，此處表示作者及兒子和另外一名消防員在救護(hù)車的后排。back意為“后部；后面”，符合語境。5．A.chattingwith B．catchingupwithC．spyingon D．lookingdownupon解析：選A根據(jù)第三段中的“The__10__ofthemchattedforthefullhour.”以及消防員對作者的兒子的詢問“whetherhe’dpreferEnglishorPortuguese”可知，消防員一上車就開始和作者的兒子聊天了，chatwith意為“和……聊天”，符合語境。catchupwith“趕上”；spyon“監(jiān)視”；lookdownupon“瞧不起