2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習Module1Europe學(xué)案必修3

Module1Europe一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．bootn． 長統(tǒng)靴；皮靴2．landmarkn. 標志性建筑3．galleryn. 美術(shù)館；畫廊4．symboln. 象征；符號5．sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen. 發(fā)源地7．a(chǎn)ncientadj. 古代的8．parliamentn. 國會；議會9．regionn. 地區(qū)；區(qū)域(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．headn. 領(lǐng)袖；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人2．facevt. 面向；面對3．rangen. 山脈4．projectn. 計劃；項目；工程5．a(chǎn)crossprep. 橫過；穿過6．featuren. 特點(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．signvt.簽署→signaturen．簽字；署名2．representv．代表→representativen．代表3．a(chǎn)rchitectn．建筑師→architecture_n．建筑學(xué)，建筑風格4．opposevt.反對→oppositeprep.在……對面adj.相反的5．continentn．大陸；大洲→continental_adj.大陸的；大洲的6．civilise/civilizev．使文明，教化→civilisation/civilizationn．文明7．geographyn．地理→geographicaladj.地理的→geographern．地理學(xué)家8．locatevt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居→locatedadj.位于→locationn．地方；地點；位置9．governvt.統(tǒng)治；治理→government_n．政府→governorn．統(tǒng)治者；管轄者10．producen．產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品→producern．生產(chǎn)商→productn．產(chǎn)品；制品→productionn．生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量11．situatevt.使位于；使處于→situationn．形勢；情況；位置→situatedadj.坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的12．a(chǎn)greev．同意；贊成→agreementn．協(xié)議；契約→disagreev．不同意；不一致→disagreement_n．不同意；分歧[語境活用]1．Theproducerthinksthattheproductionoftheagriculturalproductneedstobeimproved.(produce)2．Inademocraticandprogressivegovernment,_thegovernorsalwaysgoverntheirpeopleinmoreseverelegalmeans.(govern)3．Afewpeopleagreed_totheplanofalabbuilding,whilemostpeopledisagreed;_asaresult,noagreementwasmadefinally.(agree)4．Themitteemembersopposedthebillandgavesomeoppositeideas.(oppose)5．Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown,andthe_locationisconvenientforme.(locate)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．a(chǎn)crossprep.橫過；穿過；在……對面；在……各處；遍及adv.從一邊到另一邊；寬；在對面背詞條用法acrossfrom在……對面getacross(to)使被理解；向……講清楚eacross(偶然)遇見；發(fā)現(xiàn)；被理解背寫作佳句①Turnrightatthecrossing,andyoucanseeabiglibraryacrossfromthebank.在十字路口右轉(zhuǎn)，你會看到銀行對面有一個大圖書館。②Thecampaignistryingtogetthemessageacrosstoyoungpeoplethatdrugsaredangerous.這場運動試圖讓年輕人明白毒品是危險的。③TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossthedesert,overthemountains,throughthevalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.長城從西向東跨過沙漠，越過高山，穿越山谷，直至最后到達大海。2．rangen．山脈；幅度；范圍；種類v.排列；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化，變動背詞條用法(1)in/withinrange(ofsth.)在……范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(ofsth.)在……范圍外awiderangeof...范圍廣泛的；各種各樣的……(2)rangefrom...to...在……范圍內(nèi)變動rangebetween...and...在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動背寫作佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Moreover,asaChinesepaintinglover,Iknowawiderangeofartworks.而且，作為一個中國畫愛好者，我知道各種各樣的藝術(shù)作品。②Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,rangingfrombutterfliestoelephants.國家公園里有大量的野生動物，從蝴蝶到大象應(yīng)有盡有。③Today'stemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.今天的氣溫在十到三十度之間。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．because_of_ 因為；由于2．of_all_time 有史以來；始終3．be_known_as 作為……而出名/聞名4．in_terms_of 據(jù)……；依照……5．work_on 從事；努力做6．ever_since 自從……一直7．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反過來說8．little_by_little 一點點地；逐漸地eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．intermsof據(jù)……；依照……；就……而言背相關(guān)短語inthelong/shortterm就長遠/短期來看beongood/badtermswithsb.與某人關(guān)系好/不好etotermswith勉強接受；向……讓步背寫作佳句①Chinaisknowntohavechangedgreatlyintermsofitsculturalvaluesoverthepastfewyears.眾所周知，在過去的幾年中，中國的文化價值觀發(fā)生了巨大的變化。②Theagreementshouldhaveverypositiveresultsinthelongterm.從長遠來看，這個協(xié)議將會產(chǎn)生非常積極的影響。2．ontheotherhand另一方面；反過來說背相關(guān)短語(1)first(ly)...;second(ly)...第一……；第二……(2)foronething...;foranother...首先；其次(3)ontheonehand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……；另一方面……背寫作佳句①Ontheotherhand,you'dbetterbringsomelittlegifts,suchasaspecialfoodordrinkfromyourcountry.另一方面，你最好帶些小禮物，比如來自你的國家的特色食物或飲料。②(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Secondly,ifyoucouldpleasegiveussomedirectiononouractinganduseoftone？其次，您是否可以對我們的表演和語氣的運用給一些指導(dǎo)呢？③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Foranother,Icanmakemorefriends,andenrichmylifeduringthesummervacation.其次，我可以交到更多的朋友，豐富我的暑假生活。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.(表示地點的介詞短語位于句首，需用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))在法國和西班牙之間是另一座山脈——比利牛斯山脈。佳句①Inthepicture,betweentwoclosely-locatedbuildingsgrowsabigtree.在這幅圖中，在兩座距離很近的建筑物之間長著一棵大樹。佳句②(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)Amongthemostoftheparticipantswerestudentsandteachingstaff.參與者中大多數(shù)是學(xué)生和教師。InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.在英格蘭一所大學(xué)的報告廳里坐著一位教授。佳句③2．TheexpandedEuropeanUnionhasapopulationofmorethanhalfabillionpeople,twiceasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.(“倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級＋as...”結(jié)構(gòu))擴展后的歐盟人口超過5億，是美國人口的兩倍。佳句①Thefactoryproducedtwiceasmanycarsasthatinthepreciousyear.這家工廠生產(chǎn)的汽車是上一年的兩倍。佳句②ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesusestwiceasmuchenergyasthewholeofEurope.據(jù)報道，美國消耗的能源是整個歐洲的兩倍。佳句③Thisdictionaryisatleastthreetimesasthickasthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary.這本詞典的厚度至少是你從圖書館借的那本的三倍。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Builtinthe16thcentury,thecastlehaswitnessedtoomuchingandgoinginhistory.建于16世紀，這座城堡見證了太多的歷史沉浮。2．Asweallknow,theEiffelTower,whichissituatedinParis,isthefamoussymbolofParis,thecapitalofFrance.眾所周知，埃菲爾鐵塔坐落于法國首都巴黎，是巴黎的著名標志。3．AmongalltheEuropeancities,IloveParismost.Parisisknownastheworldcenterofcultureandfashion.在所有歐洲城市中，我最喜歡巴黎。巴黎以世界文化和時尚中心而聞名。(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點——建議信(二)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你的朋友Ben已通過北京大學(xué)為外籍學(xué)生設(shè)定的“一帶一路”獎學(xué)金筆試。他就接下來的面試環(huán)節(jié)向你尋求建議，請你給他回一封電子郵件。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：“一帶一路”獎學(xué)金the“BeltandRoad”scholarship筆試writtentest[背范文]DearBen，I'mmorethandelightedtohearthatyouhavegotthroughthewrittentestwhenapplyingforthe“BeltandRoad”scholarship.Congratulations!Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.Firstly,writinga5-minuteself-introductionisamust-dopreparation,inwhichyourstrengthsandpetencesettingyouapartfromothersshouldbehighlighted.Secondly,wearingabroadandsinceresmilewilldefinitelyhelpyouleaveafavorableimpressionontheinterviewers.Lastbutnotleast,makesureyouhavesomeofyourownquestionstoaskaswellaspreparingfortheinterviewers'questions.Chancesfavorapreparedmind.Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyoubringoutthebestinyouandoutshinetherestoftheapplicants.Lookforwardtogoodnewsaboutyou.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點]1．學(xué)高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：one'singinterview,setsb.apartfromothers,highlight,wearabroadandsinceresmile,leaveafavorableimpressionon,aswellas等。(2)準確運用高級句式結(jié)構(gòu)，如狀語從句的省略whenapplyingfor...；非限制性定語從句inwhichyourstrengthsandpetence...；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語settingyouapartfromothers；動名詞短語作主語wearingabroadandsinceresmile；倒裝句Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyou...等。(3)恰當運用諺語Chancesfavorapreparedmind.這體現(xiàn)了考生過硬的語言功底與靈活的語言運用能力。2．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用一句諺語開頭，接著用一個具有強調(diào)作用的倒裝句“Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyou...”激勵朋友Ben努力應(yīng)試。最后用一句“Lookforwardtogoodnewsaboutyou.”表達了對好消息的期待，同時，這也是一種愿望的表達方式。3．學(xué)過渡銜接考生恰當使用了firstly,secondly,lastbutnotleast等銜接詞和過渡句Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.使文章富有條理性，語意連貫，上下文銜接自然。4．防微點失分考生容易把“Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.”中的advice誤用成advices，或把“Secondly,wearingabroadandsinceresmilewilldefinitelyhelpyou...”中的wearing因不注意非謂語動詞作主語而錯誤地使用了謂語動詞形式wear，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Hersculpture(雕塑)willbeonshowatthemuseumuntiltheendofthismonth.2．OnTuesdaythecountry'sparliament(議會)votedtoestablishitsownarmy.3．Thisisawell-knownstoryfromancient_(古代的)Chineseidiom.4．I'mwritingtoobtainsomedetailedinformationabouttheproject(項目)．5．Asthebirthplace(發(fā)源地)ofdragonboatraces,DongtingLakeisveryfamousinChineseculture.6．Foodproduced(生產(chǎn))locallyisbelievedtobefresherthanthattransportedalongdistancefromotherregions.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．IthoughtIwouldsharewithyoutheprinciplesthatgovernmylife._控制；管理2．ThisisnottypicalofChinese,butisafeatureoftheThailanguage.特點3．ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumisthecity'snewlandmark.標志性建筑4．TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarinLondon.美術(shù)館5．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Orangetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.象征6．(熟詞生義)(2020·浙江高考)Afewminuteslater,thebearheadedbacktoourcamp.朝……走去7．(熟詞生義)Youmaywellbeaskedtoproduceyourpassportwhenyoudotrytomakeanexchange.出示8．(熟詞生義)(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthefaceofKilimanjaro.面貌Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Thenewly-builtInformationCentreis_situated_(situate)atthesuburbofourcity.2．Halfofthestudentsexpressedtheiragreement(agree),whiletherestsaidno.3．Thecountriesareindependentandaregoverned(govern)indifferentways.4．TheUnitedKingdomisoffthenorthwestcoastofcontinental(continent)Europe.5．Thesmallvillage,whichislocated(locate)atthefootofthemountain,hasbeeaholidayresort.6.Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincetheverybeginningofcivilisation(civilise)．7．Frommyperspective,thereisnodenyingthatConfuciusisthemostrepresentative_(represent)symbolofChineseculture.8.Theymaintainthattravellingcanhelpthemexpandtheirscopeofknowledge,especiallygeographical/geographic(geography)andhistoricallearning.名師點撥“一站清”(1)besituatedat意為“位于，坐落在”，相當于belocatedat。(2)civilisation和civilise是英式英語，對應(yīng)美式寫法的則是civilization,civilize。(3)geographical也可以寫作geographic,二者無意義差別。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．a(chǎn)cross[明其義]prep.橫過；穿過；在……對面；在……各處；遍及adv.從一邊到另一邊；寬；在對面_[通其用](1)選詞填空(cross,across,through)①Theyaretryingtogothroughtheforest.②Allofasudden,agoodideaflashedacross_mymind.③Crossthebridge,andyouwillseeabigbuilding.(2)補全句子④Ihavetriedto_get_my_point_across.我已盡力讓我的觀點清晰明了。⑤Whatever_difficulties_we_e_across,_hedoesn'thesitatetoetoouraid.不管我們遇到什么困難，他都會毫不猶豫地來幫助我們。[解其困]cross,across,throughcross作動詞時，意為“橫過，穿過”，強調(diào)從物體表面的一邊到另一邊across是介詞，指從物體表面的一邊到另一邊through是介詞，強調(diào)從物體內(nèi)部穿過2．range[明其義]n．山脈；幅度；范圍；種類v.排列；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化，變動[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Althoughherdescriptionsoundedwonderful,thepricewas_beyondourrange,sowedeclined.②Itcoversawidevarietyofculturalactivities,ranging(range)fromstudyingChinesedailyexpressionstoattendingsomelecturesonChinesehistoryandtraditionalculture.(2)補全句子③(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Withthestadiumsetup，wecanhold_a_wide_range_of_sports_events,_ofwhichbasketball,footballaswellasrunningpetitionenjoygreatpopularity.隨著體育場的建成，我們可以舉辦各種各樣的體育賽事，其中籃球、足球和跑步比賽非常受歡迎。3．opposite[明其義]prep.在……對面adj.對面的；相反的；對立的adv.在對面n．對立面[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Thelibraryisoppositetothefirstteachingbuilding.②Heisstronglyopposedtocloning(clone)humanbeings.③IloveanimalsandIagreewiththosewhoopposewearing(wear)furproducts.(2)句式升級(用倒裝句式升級)④Theartcenterisoppositetothelecturehall.→Opposite_to_the_lecture_hall_is_the_art_center.[解其困]beopposedto中的to是介詞，后須接名詞或動名詞。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空becauseof，alltime，beknownas，intermsof，workon，eversince，ontheotherhand，littlebylittle1.ThefamilysettledinNewYorkin1970andhaslivedthere_ever_since.2．Itissuchadifficultprojectthateveryoneofusworks_onitwithgreatcare.3．Asiswellknown,Edisonwasoneofthegreatestscientistsof_all_time.4.In_terms_of_workingexperienceandability,IbelieveTomisequaltothisjob.5.Thebossisaniceperson,buton_the_other_handhedemandstoomuchofhispeople.6．Davidsaidthatitwas_because_ofhisstronginterestinliteraturethathechosethecourse.7．AtfirstJohnmadepoorprogressinEnglish,butlittle_by_littlehebecamethebeststudentintheclass.8．Englishis_known_asaworldlanguage,regularlyusedbymanynationswhoseEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.名師點撥“一站清”(1)eversince相當于since，二者都可以放在句末。(2)intermsof在意義上相當于accordingto,其中term常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)ontheotherhand常與ontheonehand一起使用。ontheonehand中的the可以省略，而ontheotherhand中的the不能省略。另外，ontheotherhand可以單獨使用。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1.ontheotherhandVSonthecontrary比較①It'snotroubleatall;on_the_contrary,_itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.②Ontheonehandthehotelisnearthesea,buton_the_other_handitcostsalot.辨清(1)ontheotherhand表示“另一方面”，它常與ontheonehand連用，用以引出不同的，尤指對立的觀點、思想等。(2)onthecontrary表示“相反地”，表示與原文的敘述相對立，它可以單獨使用。2．a(chǎn)lltimeVSallthetime比較①Mozartwasoneofthesupremedramaticgeniusesofall_time.②Westayedathomeall_the_timeintheeveningwhenwelivedinthecountryside.辨清(1)alltime多用于做某種事情所花費的時間。(2)allthetime多用于在某一段時間內(nèi)一直、始終在做某事。[句式的驗收盤點]介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句式[通其用]補全句子①Betweenthetworowsoftrees_stands/is_the_teaching_building.在兩排樹之間是教學(xué)樓。②Here_are_some_suggestionstohelpyoulearnEnglishwell.這里有一些幫助你學(xué)好英語的建議。③Throughthewindowcame_in_the_sweet_music.從窗戶飄進來美妙的音樂。[解其困](1)表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。(2)代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時，句子用完全倒裝。(3)out,in,down,up,away,here,now,then,there等表示方位、地點和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。(4)作表語的形容詞、分詞短語提到系動詞前面時，句子也用完全倒裝，即“形容詞/分詞＋系動詞＋主語”結(jié)構(gòu)。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2015湖北高考·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標主題：主要國家地理概況(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Hilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.eq\o(Unlikemostofthe,\s\do4(1))Netherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahilly①areawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstoeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile(紡織)andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.[2]Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedby②farming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas(別墅)inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantial③textileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.[3]Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.[4]Intheearly1900s,modernarchitectsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces(杰作)aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall,wasbuiltin1928－1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeabinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbiking④theW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①構(gòu)詞法——n.＋-y→adj.hillyadj.多小山的；多丘陵的healthyadj.健康的leafyadj.多葉的；多樹木的windyadj.多風的rainyadj.陰雨的；多雨的通句式——句子(1)中“withthesoilmostlyconsistingofsand”為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”。其中短語consistof意為“由……組成”，無被動語態(tài)、無進行時。②微積累——mark相關(guān)短語bemarkedby以……為特點；以……為特征bemarkedwith被標上……記號markout畫線；標出……的界線③微技法——根據(jù)語境猜測生僻詞根據(jù)第二段中的“thewealthiestfamily”和“Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustry”，以及后文中“thetextileboom”可知，此處substantial意為“重大的”。④微點撥——名詞動用：biken.自行車v.騎自行車[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]59．HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat________.A．ithasalargepopulationB．itiscutofffrombigcitiesC．ithasmanybeautifulgardensD．itisinahillyareawithsandysoil解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，希爾弗瑟姆區(qū)別于荷蘭其他諸多城市的一點就是其處在多山地帶，且土壤多是沙土，故選D。60．WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A．BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.B．Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.C．Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.D．Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.”可知，這個富有的家族經(jīng)營的是紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)，他們的遷入促進了希爾弗瑟姆紡織業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。故選B。61．ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof________.A．a(chǎn)radiofactory B．themediacapitalC．a(chǎn)radiostation D．a(chǎn)TVstation解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,when...establishedaradiofactory...”可知，希爾弗瑟姆媒體產(chǎn)業(yè)的開始是以一家無線電工廠的建立為標志的，由此可知應(yīng)選擇A項。62．WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok'sHilversumA．Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.B．Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.C．Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.D．Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall...Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.”可知，這個地方舉世聞名，已被列入許多建筑學(xué)的教科書中，由此可知應(yīng)該選擇C項。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)本文第60題主要考查學(xué)生的邏輯性思維。文章第二段中提到Brenninkmeijers家族遷入希爾弗瑟姆之后把其家族經(jīng)營的紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)也帶到了希爾弗瑟姆，后來希爾弗瑟姆的紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)繁榮了數(shù)十年。因此，考生可以根據(jù)邏輯性思維進行判斷，Brenninkmeijers家族對希爾弗瑟姆最大的貢獻是幫助了希爾弗瑟姆發(fā)展紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)。如果考生不具備邏輯性思維則很容易誤選C項(為窮人建造大型別墅)。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了荷蘭的一個中等規(guī)模的城市希爾弗瑟姆的相關(guān)情況。旨在讓考生了解發(fā)達國家一個小鎮(zhèn)的歷史與現(xiàn)在(歷史、地理、經(jīng)濟、文化等)，了解社會發(fā)展的規(guī)律與趨勢，以形成國際視野和全球格局，借鑒發(fā)達國家的文化與先進經(jīng)驗。這對于當前我國的“城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)”具有很好的借鑒價值。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theareaswherethefightingistakingplacearehilly(hill)anddenselywooded.2．Thesmallyardwassurrounded(surround)bysteelfences.3．Nowadaysorganicfarming(farm)isbeingmoreandmorepopular.4．Sheisatrulyremarkable(remark)womaninourcountry.5．Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishment(establish)ofanewcollege.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Surrounded_by(被……環(huán)繞)greentrees,thelakeisverybeautiful.(過去分詞作狀語)2．Theschoolis_marked_by(以……為特征)itsexcellentcoursesandstrictrules.3．Themedicalteamconsisting_of(由……組成)5doctorsand10nurseswassenttothepoorarea.Ⅲ.分析長難句1．OncecalledtheGardenof[句式解構(gòu)]這是一個狀語復(fù)雜的簡單句。句子的主語是it，謂語動詞是attracts。句中的“OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam”是過去分詞短語，在句中作狀語；動詞不定式“toeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests”在句中作目的狀語。[句意翻譯]它曾經(jīng)被稱為阿姆斯特丹花園，現(xiàn)在仍然吸引著游客來這里騎自行車，步行穿過周圍的森林。2．Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個含有非限制性定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是“Thechangetoamediaeconomy”，謂語動詞是started。其中when引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞1920。[句意翻譯]媒體經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)變始于1920年，當時Nederlandse_Seintoestellen_Fabriek_(NSF)在希爾弗瑟姆建立了一家無線電工廠。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你去英國留學(xué)，剛到達那里時，你對那里的一切都不熟悉，感到很不適應(yīng)，慢慢地你逐漸適應(yīng)了那里的生活，請你就此寫一篇小短文。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：ItwasmyfirsttimethatIhadbeentoBritain.IthoughtIcouldfitinwiththelifeinBritainverysoon.However,onmyarrivalinBritain，IwasnumbwithshockthatIcouldn'tunderstandtheirlanguage.IrealizedthatImustadjustmyselftothenewsurroundingsassoonaspossible.Therefore,ItookuporalEnglishagainandseizedeverychancetotalkwiththelocalpeople,whoalwayskindlyencouragedmetokeepitup.Verysoon,Icouldexpressmyselffreely.LaterIfounditfortabletoliveinBritainandsometimesIevenfeltasifIwereathome.課下主題訓(xùn)練主要國家地理概況Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·陜西百校聯(lián)盟模擬)I'minterestedintheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興),soIlikevisitingancientItaliancities.FerraraiscalledCityoftheRenaissance.WhenIlearnedaboutthiscityontheInternet,Idecidedtopayavisittoit.Thecityhasacertaincharm,butIfinditisn'tasgreatasotherItaliancitieslikeVerona,letaloneVeniceorRome.TheMichelinGreenGuidegivesittwostars,whichisright.Ifirstvisitedthecitycentre.TheCathedralandCastelloEstenseareattheheartofthecity.Bothhavestrikingappearances.IvisitedtheCathedralfirst.CastelloEstenseisalsoworthvisiting,whichowesitsnametothepowerfulEstefamily.Itwasbuiltwithbricksandsurroundedbyamoat(護城河).Atthelowerlevels,thehistoryofthecityandtheEstefamilyaretoldthroughdisplays,andinanotherparttheceilingsareshownthroughmirrorsontheground.Inthenorth,wecanappreciatetheRenaissanceextensionofthetown,withstraightstreetsandmonumentalhouses.ThefamousPalazzodeiDiamantilieshere.WhenIwasvisitingit,itstartedtorain,soaftertakingafewphotosquickly,Icutmyvisitthereshort.Ithadbeenrainingforafewdays.Whentherainceased,IwenttovisitthehistoricalcentreandtheRenaissancebuildings.Afterleavingthere,Ivisitedseveralotherinterestingplacessuchaspalacesandthenarrowstreetsofthedowntown.AfterfourhoursinFerraraIleftbytraintoMantua.ThereIhadamuchbettertime.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了意大利北部城市費拉拉的一些地方并講述了作者的參觀過程。1．WhydidtheauthorpayavisittoFerrara?A．ItisrelatedtotheRenaissance.B．Itisfullofcharm.C．ItisaveryfamouscityinEurope.D．Itisstronglyremendedbyawebsite.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，作者對文藝復(fù)興感興趣，費拉拉被稱為文藝復(fù)興之城，即它與文藝復(fù)興有關(guān)，所以作者去參觀了費拉拉，故A項正確。2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofTheMichelinGreenGuide'smentonFerrara?A．Ridiculous. B．Reasonable.C．Unacceptable. D．Unbelievable.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。題干問的是作者如何看待《米其林綠色指南》對費拉拉的評價。根據(jù)第二段中的“butIfinditisn'tasgreat...whichisright”可知，作者認為費拉拉不如像維羅那等的意大利城市好，更不用說威尼斯和羅馬了，《米其林綠色指南》給這個城市評兩顆星是合理的。故B項正確。3．HowcouldCastelloEstenseprobablygetitsnameaccordingtothetext?A．Itcamefromthehistoricalbuildings.B．Itoriginatedfromthestraightstreets.C．ItwasnamedafterthepowerfulEstefamily.D．Itwasconnectedtothesurroundingmoat.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“CastelloEstenseisalsoworthvisiting,whichowesitsnametothepowerfulEstefamily.”可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于強大的埃斯特家族，即以這個家族的名字而命名，故C項正確。4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．ThewriterthoughtFerrarawasasgreatasVenice.B．ThewritervisitedPalazzodeiDiamantiforalongtime.C．ThewriterwasmuchmoresatisfiedwiththetourinMantuathaninFerrara.D．ThewriterwasdisappointedwiththevisittotheCathedralandCastelloEstense.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段最后兩句可知，作者在曼圖亞度過了更加愉快的時光，并結(jié)合第二段尾句可推知，與費拉拉相比，作者對于曼圖亞之旅更滿意，故C項正確。B(2021·合肥高三檢測)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries,buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly,acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile;theydoit,sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtool,butalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly,andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans,onthecontrary,prefertokeepamoreneutral(不露聲色的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;ifnot,aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral,orevendull.InRussia,forexample,thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious,orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstomunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelymunicative;smalltalkandchatsaremon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay,andrarelyentermunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully,consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward,evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicetheiropinionondifferentoccasions,andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded,flexible,andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime,Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which,inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice,butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatemunication,sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans,onthecontrary,aremorestraightforward,preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofmunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。西方國家之間對于同一事物的理解也存在著文化差異，文章主要通過對比美國人和歐洲人在微笑上的不同來分析西方人的文化差異。5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasbeingsociallynecessaryinEurope.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，人們經(jīng)常談?wù)撐鞣胶蜄|方國家的文化差異，但是西方世界本身呢？令人驚訝的是，仔細觀察它可以揭示出許多有趣的細節(jié)。下文通過對比美國人和歐洲人在對待微笑的理解上的不同來分析西方人的文化差異。由此可知，作者認為微笑與西方國家的自身文化有關(guān)。故選A。6．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'munication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalkandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“AEuropeanfriend...ashower.”可知，一個歐洲朋友幾乎總是會在不同場合發(fā)表自己的意見，并且會毫不猶豫地提醒您，您需要減肥或洗個澡。由此可知，歐洲人交流的典型特征是公開表達自己的想法。故選D。7．Whatdoe