醫(yī)學(xué)英語高頻詞匯03+神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)

神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第一課01.

cerebellar

[s?r?'b?l?]小腦的cerebell/o(cerebellum) -ar(pertaining

to)Operation

is

indicated

in

casesofacute

cerebellar

infarction

thatleadto

swelling

and

internal

hydrocephalus.外科手術(shù)對急性小腦梗死引起腦水腫和內(nèi)部腦積水的病例而言是必要的。來自梁平教授02.

cerebellopontine[se??'bel?p?nta?n]小腦腦橋的ont/o(pons) -ine(pertaining

to)A

6-year-old

boy

presented

with

ataxia

and

wasfound

to

have

alargecerebellopontine

angle

tumor

and

hydrocephalus.一名患有共濟(jì)失調(diào)的6歲男孩，被發(fā)現(xiàn)患有巨大腦橋腦角腫瘤和腦積水。SOURCE:

World

Neurosurg

2018

Aug;116

110-115.03.

cerebrospinal

fluid

[?s?r?bro'spa?nl]

腦脊液cerebr/o(cerebrum)

spin/o(spine) –al(pertaining

to)Surgicaloutcomes

in

the

treatmentoftemporal

bone

cerebrospinalfluid

leak:

A

systematicreview.治療顳骨腦脊液漏的手術(shù)效果：系統(tǒng)評價。SOURCE:

AurisNasusLarynx2018Oct;45

(5):903-910.04.

cerebrovascular

accident

腦血管意外、腦卒中vascul/o(blood

vessel)Prevalence

of

heart

failure,

cerebrovascular

accident

(CVA),coronaryartery

disease,

sudden

cardiac

death,

and

hypertensionweresignificantly

higher

in

patients

with

cannabis

use.使用大麻的患者在心力衰竭、腦血管意外（CVA）、冠狀動脈疾病、心源性猝死和高血壓等方面的患病率顯著升高。SOURCE:

JCardiovascMed

(Hagerstown)2018Sep;19

(9):480-484.05.

intracerebralhemorrhage[??ntr?'s?r?br?l]['h?m?r?d?]腦出血intra-(within,

into)

hem/o(blood)-rrhage(bursting

forth

ofblood)Polymorphonuclear

neutrophil

granulocytes(PMN)

orchestrate

theremovalof

celldebrisinischemicstrokeandintracerebral

hemorrhage.多形核中性粒細(xì)胞（PMN）參與協(xié)調(diào)缺血性腦卒中和腦出血時細(xì)胞碎片的清除。SOURCE:

J

Neuroimmunol

2018

Aug;321

138-143.06.

cerebral

infarction

[s?'ribr?l]

[?n'fɑrk??n]

腦梗死Systemic

administration

ofmesenchymal

stem

cells

(MSCs)

followingcerebral

infarction

exerts

functional

improvements.腦梗死后給予間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞（MSC）的全身給藥具有改善功效。SOURCE:

Brain

Res

2018

Sep;1695

37-44.07.cerebral

embolism

[s?'ribr?l]['?mb?,l?z?m]腦栓塞em-(in) bol/o(cast,

throw)-ism(process,

condition)Silent

cerebralembolism

in

cryoballoon

ablation

ofatrial

fibrillation:whendetails

matter.低溫球房消融心房顫動時的無癥狀腦栓塞：關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)問題。SOURCE:

Heart

Rhythm

2018

Jul.08.

cerebralconcussion

[s?'ribr?l][k?n'k???n]

腦震蕩HPX

patients

live

with

severe

anxiety

about

frequentfalls

andsometimes

suffer

serious

injury,

such

as

cerebral

concussion

orbonefracture.遺傳性驚跳癥患者對頻繁跌倒感到嚴(yán)重焦慮，他們有時會發(fā)生如腦震蕩或骨折等的嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷。(HPX:hereditary

hyperekplexia,

遺傳性驚跳癥）SOURCE:

Rinsho

Shinkeigaku

2018

Jun.09.

cerebral

contusion

[s?'ribr?l][k?n'tju?n]

腦挫傷SBS/AHT

criteria:

subdural

haemorrhage,

cerebral

contusion,

skullfracture,

convulsions,

retinal

haemorrhage,

fractures

rib

and

longbones.SBS/AHT的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：硬膜下出血、腦挫傷、顱骨骨折、抽搐、視網(wǎng)膜出血、肋骨和長骨骨折。(SBS/AHT:shaken

baby

syndrome(SBS)/abusive

head

trauma(AHT)，驚嚇?gòu)雰壕C合征/虐待性頭部創(chuàng)傷)SOURCE:

EurJPublicHealth2018

Aug;28(4):641-646.10.cerebral

cortex[s?'ribr?l]['k?rt?ks]

大腦皮質(zhì)Self-monitoring

in

the

cerebralcortex:Neural

responses

to

smallpitchshifts

in

auditory

feedbackduring

speech

production.大腦皮質(zhì)中的自我監(jiān)測：聽覺反饋時語音中小音調(diào)變化引起的神經(jīng)反應(yīng)。SOURCE:

Neuroimage

2018

Oct;179

326-336.Terminology

Reviewcerebellar

[s?r?'b?l?]小腦的cerebellopontine

[se??'bel?p?nta?n]小腦腦橋的cerebrospinal

fluid

[?s?r?bro‘spa?nl]

腦脊液cerebrovascular

accident

腦血管意外、腦卒中intracerebral

hemorrhage

[??ntr?'s?r?br?l]['h?m?r?d?]腦出血Terminology

Reviewcerebral

infarction

[s?'ribr?l][?n'fɑrk??n]腦梗死cerebral

embolism

[s?'ribr?l] ['?mb?,l?z?m]腦栓塞cerebral

concussion

[s?'ribr?l][k?n'k???n]腦震蕩cerebral

contusion

[s?'ribr?l][k?n'tju?n]腦挫傷10.cerebral

cortex

[s?'ribr?l]['k?rt?ks]

大腦皮質(zhì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第二課01.

cerebral

death

腦死亡In

the

United

States,

each

year

1%

to

2%

ofdeathsare

cerebraldeaths.美國每年約1%-2%的死亡為腦死亡。SOURCE:

J

Intensive

Care

Med.

2015

Sep;30(6):326-37.02.

cerebral

angiography

腦血管造影術(shù)angi/o(blood

vessel) -graphy(process

ofrecording)This

3DRV

technique

provides

precise

visualization

of

venous

sinusstenosis

prior

to

stenting

without

the

need

for

arterial

cerebralangiography

during

the

treatmentcourse.這種3DRV技術(shù)可在支架植入前提供靜脈竇狹窄的精確可視化，而無需在治療過程中進(jìn)行動脈腦血管造影。（

3DRV

：three-dimensionalrotational

venography，三維旋轉(zhuǎn)靜脈造影）SOURCE:

JNeurointerv

Surg2018

Aug;10

(8):777-779.03.

encephalitis[?n?s?f?'la?t?s]

腦炎encephal/o(brain) -itis(inflammation)Centralnervous

system

infections

(e.g.,

encephalitis,meningitis)

areusually

accompanied

by

systemic

signs

ofinfection

and

aprogressively

worsening

course.中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)感染(如腦炎、腦膜炎)常伴有感染的全身體征和進(jìn)行性惡化的病程。來自梁平教授04.

encephalopathy

[?n?s?f?'lɑp?θi]

腦病-pathy(disease;

emotion)Some

features

of

hypertensive

encephalopathy

have

been

noted

inpatients

receiving

certain

monoamine

oxidase

(MAO)

inhibitors

asantidepressants.在應(yīng)用某些單胺氧化酶抑制劑如抗抑郁藥物的病人中曾觀察到高血壓腦病的一些特點(diǎn)。來自梁平教授05.

anencephaly

[?nen'sef?li]

無腦畸形All

casesofanencephaly

(n

=4),

encephalocele

(n

=2),

exomphalos(n

=9),

megacystic(n

=4),and

limb

reduction

(n

=

1)

were

diagnosed.所有的無腦畸形（n=4）、腦膨出（n=2）、臍疝（n=9）、巨膀胱（n=4）和短肢缺陷（n=1）都被診斷出來。SOURCE: Fetal

Diagn

Ther

2018

Jul;

1-8.06.

hydrocephalus

['ha?dr?'s?f?l?s]

腦積水hydr/o(water,

fluid)

cephal/o(head)Patients

in

whom

signs

of

increased

intracranial

pressure

arebecause

ofhydrocephalus

should

be

considered

for

ventriculardrainage.對于由腦積水引起顱內(nèi)壓增高征的病人應(yīng)考慮腦室引流。來自梁平教授07.

leptomeningeal[lept?um?'n?nd???l]軟腦膜lept/o(thin,

slender)

mening/o(meninges)-eal(pertaining

to)Evidence

for

intrathecal

sodium

butyrate

as

a

novel

option

forleptomeningeal

metastasis.鞘內(nèi)注射丁酸鈉可用于軟腦膜轉(zhuǎn)移治療的證據(jù)。SOURCE:

JNeurooncol

2018

Aug;139

(1):43-50.08.

meningeal

[mi'nind?i?l]腦膜的Subarachnoid

haemorrhage

may

simulate

meningitis

because

it

leadstomeningeal

irritation.蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血因可引起腦膜刺激征而可與腦膜炎相似。來自梁平教授09.

meningitis

['m?n?n'd?a?t?s]腦膜炎It

isadvisable

to

admit

a

child,

to

hospital

after

a

first

epilepticseizurein

order

to

exclude

the

diagnosis

ofmeningitis.在第一次癲癇發(fā)作后，為了排除腦膜炎的診斷，將患兒收進(jìn)醫(yī)院是適當(dāng)?shù)摹碜粤浩浇淌?0.meningioma[m??n?nd?i'om?]腦膜瘤，脊膜瘤Treatment

withradiationwas

associatedwitha

greaterthan6-foldincreased

risk

of

subsequent

glioma

and

a

nearly

10-fold

increasedriskof

subsequent

meningioma.放療和治療可能增加6倍多患神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤和近10倍的腦膜瘤的患病風(fēng)險。SOURCE:

Journal

of

the

National

Cancer

Institute,

November

1,

2006.Terminology

Reviewcerebral

death

腦死亡cerebral

angiography

腦血管造影術(shù)encephalitis

[?n?s?f?'la?t?s]

腦炎encephalopathy

[?n?s?f?'lɑp?θi]

腦病anencephaly

[??nen'sef?li]

無腦畸形Terminology

Reviewhydrocephalus

['ha?dr?'s?f?l?s]腦積水leptomeningeal

[lept?um?'n?nd???l]軟腦膜meningeal

[mi'nind?i?l]腦膜的meningitis

['m?n?n'd?a?t?s]腦膜炎10.meningioma

[m??n?nd?i'om?]腦膜瘤，脊膜瘤神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第三課01.myelomeningocele[?mai?l?u?menin'ɡ?usi:l]

脊髓脊膜突出myel/o(spinal

cord) -cele(hernia)Childrenwith

myelomeningocele

do

not

exhibitnormal

remodeling

oftibiaroundness

with

physical

development.脊髓脊膜膨出的兒童在體格發(fā)育過程中沒有表現(xiàn)出正常的脛骨圓形重塑。SOURCE:

Bone

2018

Sep;114

292-297.02.poliomyelitis[?pol?o,ma??'la?t?s]

脊髓灰質(zhì)炎,小兒麻痹癥polio-(gray

matter)myel/o(spinal

cord,

bone

marrow)Diseaseprocesses

thateither

weaken

the

muscles—suchas

poliomyelitis,

or

decrease

the

expansibilityof

the

lungs—such

astuberculosis—candecrease

the

vital

capacity.減弱肌肉力量的疾病如脊髓灰質(zhì)炎，或降低肺的擴(kuò)展性的疾病如肺結(jié)核，均可減低肺活量。來自梁平教授03.myelopathy

[?mai?'l?p?θi]

脊髓病A

number

of

clinical

tools

existfor

measuring

the

severity

ofcervicalspondylotic

myelopathy

(CSM).臨床上有許多可應(yīng)用于測量脊髓型頸椎?。–SM）的嚴(yán)重程度的工具。SOURCE:

JNeurosurg

Sci

2018

Aug;62

(4):406-412.04.myelitis

[?ma??'la?t?s]脊髓炎Transverse

myelitis(TM)

is

an

acuteinflammatory

spinalcordinjury.橫貫性脊髓炎（TM）是一種急性炎癥性脊髓損傷。SOURCE:

Dev

Neurorehabil2018

Aug;21

(6):402-407.05.syringomyelia[s??r??g?(?)ma?'i?l??]脊髓空洞癥syring/o(tube) -ia(condition)Headtremor

as

a

warning

symptom

ofrapidly

progressivesyringomyelia:

acasereport.頭部震顫可作為快速進(jìn)展性脊髓空洞癥的警告癥狀：一份病例報告。SOURCE:

Neurol

Sci

2018

Aug;39

(8):1497-1499.06.

acute

inflammatory

demyelinating

polyneuropathy[?p?l?nj??'r?p?θ?]

急性炎癥性脫髓鞘性多發(fā)性神經(jīng)病de-(lack

of,

get

ridof) poly-(many)The

ulnar

ratio

as

a

sensitive

and

specific

marker

ofacuteinflammatory

demyelinating

polyneuropathy.尺骨比率可作為急性炎癥性脫髓鞘性多發(fā)性神經(jīng)病的具有敏感性和特異性的標(biāo)志物。SOURCE:

Clin

Neurophysiol

2018

Aug;129

(8):1699-1703.07.

myoneural[?ma???'nj??r?l]肌神經(jīng)的my/o(muscle)

neur/o(nerve)To

addressthisshortcoming,

we

present

an

agonist-antagonistmyoneural

interface

(AMI).為了解決這個缺點(diǎn)，我們提出了一種在肌神經(jīng)界面的激動劑-拮抗劑（AMI）。SOURCE:

Sci

Transl

Med

2018

May;10

(443)08.

myasthenia

gravis[?ma??s'θin??][ɡ're?v?s]

重癥肌無力-asthenia(lack

of

strength)Clinical

outcome

and

predictive

factors

ofpostoperative

myastheniccrisis

in

173

thymomatousmyasthenia

gravis

patients:methodological

issues.173例胸腺瘤性重癥肌無力患者術(shù)后肌無力危象的臨床結(jié)果及預(yù)測因素：方法學(xué)問題。SOURCE:

Int

J

Neurosci

2018

Sep;128(9):891.09.myopathy

[ma?'ɑp?θi]肌病Proximal

limb

girdle

myopathy.肩胛與骨盆帶近端肌群的肌病。來自梁平教授10.

amyotrophic

lateralsclerosis[eimai?'tr?fik]

['l?t?r?l] [skl?'ros?s]肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化a-(no) -trophic(pertaining

to

development)later/o(side) -sclerosis(hardening)Cord

cross-sectional

area

at

foramen

magnum

as

a

correlate

ofdisability

in

amyotrophic

lateral

sclerosis.枕骨大孔的臍帶橫截面積與肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥的殘疾程度呈相關(guān)關(guān)系。SOURCE:Eur

Radiol

Exp

2018

Dec;2

13.Terminology

Reviewmyelomeningocele

[?mai?l?u?menin'ɡ?usi:l]

脊髓脊膜突出poliomyelitis

[?pol?o,ma??'la?t?s]脊髓灰質(zhì)炎，小兒麻痹癥myelopathy

[?mai?'l?p?θi]

脊髓病myelitis

[?ma??'la?t?s]脊髓炎syringomyelia

[s?,r??g?(?)ma?'i?l??]脊髓空洞癥Terminology

Reviewacute

inflammatory

demyelinating

polyneuropathy[?p?l?nj??'r?p?θ?]

急性炎癥性脫髓鞘性多發(fā)性神經(jīng)病myoneural

[?ma???'nj??r?l]肌神經(jīng)的myasthenia

gravis

[?ma??s'θin??][ɡ're?v?s]

重癥肌無力myopathy

[ma??ɑp?θi]肌病10.

amyotrophiclateral

sclerosis[eimai?'tr?fik]

['l?t?r?l] [skl?'ros?s]肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第四課01.

multiple

sclerosis['m?lt?pl] [skli?'ros?s]

多發(fā)性硬化Association

ofLimb-Girdle

muscular

dystrophy

with

multiplesclerosis:

A

case

report.肢帶型肌營養(yǎng)不良癥與多發(fā)性硬化癥的關(guān)系：一例病例報告。SOURCE:

CaspianJInternMed2018;9(1):96-99.02.

hyperpathia

[?ha?p?'p?θ??]痛覺過敏hyper(excessive)

Path/o(disease)-ia(condition)Hyperpathia:

"to

be

or

not

to

be:

that

isthe

question".痛覺過敏：“生存還是毀滅：這是個問題”。SOURCE:Pain2018

Jun;159

(6):1005-1009.03.

neurology

[n?'rɑl?d?i]

神經(jīng)病學(xué)neur/o(nerve) -logy(process

ofstudy)She

presented

the

data

here

atthe

American

Academyof

Neurology's64th

Annual

Meeting.在美國第64屆神經(jīng)病學(xué)年會上，她發(fā)表了上述觀點(diǎn)。SOURCE:【medical-news】Eye

Tremors

May

Be

Early

Indicator

of

Parkinson's04.

neuropathy

[n?'rɑp?θi]

神經(jīng)病，神經(jīng)病變Sometimes

acute

neuropathy

may

cause

bilateral

dysfunction

ofthevagus

nerves

and

tachycardia

results.有時急性神經(jīng)病可引起雙側(cè)迷走神經(jīng)功能障礙和引起心動過速。來自梁平教授05.

polyneuritis

[?pɑl?nj?'ra?t?s]

多發(fā)性神經(jīng)炎Leprous

Polyneuritis

Cranialis

Mimicking

Orbital

Apex

Syndrome.類似于眶尖綜合征的顱麻風(fēng)性多發(fā)性神經(jīng)炎。SOURCE:

J

Assoc

Physicians

India.

2015

Apr;63(4):91.06.

radiculopathy

[r?'d?kj?lo?p?θ?]

神經(jīng)根病radicul/o(nerve

root)Group

A

included

55

patients

with

radiologically

confirmed

single-leveldisc

herniation

with

back

pain

and

radiculopathy.A組包括55例由放射學(xué)證實(shí)的伴有背痛和神經(jīng)根病的單層椎間盤突出癥。SOURCE:

World

Neurosurg

2018

Aug;116

e500-e504.07.

analgesia

['?nl'd?i??]

痛覺缺失an(without,

no)-algesia(excessive

sensitivity

to

pain)Naturally,

whennomorphineis

present

at

thereceptorsite,no

analgesia

isobtained.當(dāng)然，在受體部位無嗎啡存在時，就沒有鎮(zhèn)痛作用產(chǎn)生。來自梁平教授08.

hypalgesia

[?hip?l'd?i:zi?]痛覺減退hypo-(deficient,

below,

less

than

normal)She

had

negative

tendon

reflex,bilateral

Babinski

signs,

hypalgesia,and

numbness

in

all

limbs.她有負(fù)肌腱反射、雙側(cè)Babinski征陽性、痛覺減退和所有肢體麻木等體征。SOURCE:

Medicine

(Baltimore)

2018

Mar;97(9):e9824.09.

hyperalgesia

[?haip?r?l'd?i:zi?]痛覺過敏Over

12weeks

post-surgery,animals

displayedthemechanical,heat,andcold

hyperalgesia

along

with

decreased

burrowing

and

rearing.術(shù)后12多個星期過去了，動物們表現(xiàn)出機(jī)械性、熱和冷的痛覺過敏以及穴居和飼養(yǎng)的次數(shù)減少。SOURCE:

J

Cell

Physiol

2018

Oct;233

(10):6589-6602.10.

neuralgia

[n?'r?ld??]神經(jīng)痛-algia(pain)Dr.

Mark

Obermann

and

colleagues

at

the

University

of

Duisburg-Essen

assessed

the

efficacyof

pregabalin

(150-600

mg

daily)

in

53patientswith

trigeminal

neuralgia

(14

with

concomitantchronic

facialpain).（這是）杜伊斯堡大學(xué)的MarkObermann博士及其合作者評估了普加巴林（150－600mg/d）在治療53名三叉神經(jīng)痛患者（其中14名伴有慢性面部疼痛）上的效果。SOURCE:

ephalalgia

2008;28:174-181.Terminology

Reviewmultiple

sclerosis

['m?lt?pl]

[skli?'ros?s]多發(fā)性硬化hyperpathia

[?ha?p?'p?θ??]痛覺過敏neurology

[n?'rɑl?d?i]

神經(jīng)病學(xué)neuropathy

[n?'rɑp?θi]神經(jīng)病，神經(jīng)病變polyneuritis

[?pɑl?nj?'ra?t?s]多發(fā)性神經(jīng)炎Terminology

Reviewradiculopathy

[r?'d?kj?lo?p?θ?]神經(jīng)根病analgesia

['?nl'd?i??]痛覺缺失hypalgesia

[?hip?l'd?i:zi?]痛覺減退hyperalgesia

[?haip?r?l'd?i:zi?]痛覺過敏10.neuralgia

[n?'r?ld??]神經(jīng)痛神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第五課01.

cephalgia

[se'f?ld?i?]頭痛cephal/o(head)Subarachnoid

haemorrhage

with

orgasmic

cephalgia.蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血伴高潮頭痛SOURCE:

BMJ

Case

Rep.

2013

Apr

29;2013.02.

causalgia

[k?:'z?ld?i?]灼痛caus/o(burning)From

Mitchell's

causalgia

to

complex

regional

pain

syndromes:

150years

ofdefinitions

and

theories.從米切爾的灼痛到復(fù)雜的區(qū)域性疼痛綜合癥：150年的定義和理論。SOURCE:

ClinExp

Rheumatol

2015Jan-Feb

(1Suppl88):S7-1303.

anesthesia

[??n?s'θi??]麻醉，麻木（等于anaesthesia）-esthesia(feeling,

nervous

sensation)Bothtypes

of

administration

are

called

inhalation

anesthesia.這兩種給藥法都稱為吸入麻醉。來自梁平教授04.

hyperesthesia

[?ha?p?r?s'θi??]感覺過敏Second-degree

burn—epidermal

and

dermal

lesions,

erythema,blisters,

and

hyperesthesia.二類燒傷——表皮皮膚損傷、紅斑、觸痛有水泡。來自梁平教授05.dysesthesia

[?dis?s'θezj?]感覺遲鈍Early

evoked

pain

or

dysesthesia

isa

predictor

ofcentral

poststrokepain.早期誘發(fā)性疼痛或感覺障礙是中風(fēng)后中樞性疼痛的預(yù)測指標(biāo)。SOURCE:

Pain.

2014

Dec;155(12):2699-706.06.dyslexia[d?s'l?ks??]閱讀障礙lex/o(word,

phrase)Johannes

Ziegler

ofthe

Universite

de

Provence

in

Marseille,

France,was

the

lead

author

on

a

studyof

dyslexia

and

auditorynoise

publishedthis

year

in

Proceedings

ofthe

National

Academy

ofSciences.法國馬賽Universite

de

Provence的Johannes

Ziegler，是今年發(fā)表在國家科學(xué)院會議的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于‘誦讀困難和聽覺噪音’研究的第一作者。SOURCE:【medical-news】New

dyslexia

theory

blames

'noise'.07.

paresthesia

[?p?r?s'θi:??]感覺異常par-(abnormal)The

most

commonly

observed

adverse

events,

all

mild

and

transient,were

headache,

paresthesia,

upper

respiratory

infection,

dry

mouth,nasopharyngitis,and

constipation.在觀察期間，服藥個體常出現(xiàn)的輕度一過性的不良反應(yīng)包括頭痛、感覺異常、上呼吸道感染、口干、鼻咽炎、便秘等。SOURCE:【medical-news】ADA

2009:

NewWeight-Loss

Drug

StopsProgression

Toward

Type

2

Diabetes08.

hyperkinesis

[?ha?p?k?'n?s?s]

運(yùn)動機(jī)能亢進(jìn)-kinesis(movement)An

electrocardiogram

revealed

ST-segment

elevation,

andechocardiography

showed

akinesis

in

the

left

ventricular

apex

withhyperkinesis

of

thebase.心電圖顯示ST段抬高，超聲心動圖顯示左心室頂點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動障礙并伴有基礎(chǔ)運(yùn)動過度。SOURCE:

Intern

Med2018

Jun;57

(11):1605-1609.09.

bradykinesia

[?br?diki'ni:??]運(yùn)動遲緩brady-(slow)

-kinesia(movement)The

clinical

diagnosis

ofParkinson'sdisease

(PD)

is

establishedthrough

clinical

signs

such

as

bradykinesia,

rigidity,

and

restingtremor.帕金森?。≒D）的臨床診斷包括通過運(yùn)動遲緩、僵硬和靜止性震顫等臨床癥狀。SOURCE:

J

Clin

Neurosci

2018

Aug;54

63-68.10.

dyskinesia

[?diskai'ni:zi?]

運(yùn)動障礙Adenosine

A2A

Receptors

And

L-DOPA-Induced

Dyskinesia.阿糖腺苷A2A受體與左旋多巴誘導(dǎo)的運(yùn)動障礙.SOURCE:【medical-news】Adenosine

A2A

Receptors

And

L-DOPA-InducedDyskinesia.Terminology

Reviewcephalgia

[sep'h?ld?i?]頭痛causalgia

[k?:'z?ld?i?]灼痛anesthesia

[??n?s'θi??]麻醉，麻木hyperesthesia

[?ha?p?r?s'θi??]感覺過敏dysesthesia

[?dis?s'θezj?]感覺遲鈍Terminology

Reviewdyslexia

[d?s'l?ks??]閱讀障礙paresthesia

[?p?r?s'θi:??]感覺異常hyperkinesis

[?ha?p?k?'n?s?s]運(yùn)動機(jī)能亢進(jìn)bradykinesia

[?br?diki'ni:??]運(yùn)動遲緩10.dyskinesia

[?diskai'ni:zi?]運(yùn)動障礙神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第六課01.akinesia[?ek?'nis??]運(yùn)動不能HP

produced

a

full

blowncatalepsy,

akinesia

and

asignificantimpairment

in

locomotion

and

antioxidant

status.氟哌啶醇產(chǎn)生了全面的強(qiáng)直性昏厥、運(yùn)動不能以及運(yùn)動和抗氧化狀態(tài)的顯著損害。(HP:haloperidol,氟哌啶醇)SOURCE:

Metab

BrainDis

2018

Aug;33

(4):1045-1051.02.

epilepsy

['?p?'l?psi]

癲癇-lepsy(seizure)Epilepsy

partialscontinua部分性癲癇持續(xù)發(fā)作來自梁平教授03.

narcolepsy

['nɑrkol?psi]

發(fā)作性睡病narc/o(numbness,

sleep)Of

those

adultswho

have

heard

of

narcolepsy,

only7%

considerthemselves"very

or

extremely

knowledgeable"

about

the

disorder.聽說過嗜睡癥的成人中，僅7%認(rèn)為自己“很了解或非常了解”該病。SOURCE:【medical-news】DUBLIN,

June

11,

201204.

aphasia

[?'fe???]失語癥-phasia(speech)In

dominant

hemisphere

lesions,

aphasia

often

occurs,

thecharacteristics

of

whichvary

accordingtotheextent

of

thelesion.優(yōu)勢半球病變經(jīng)常發(fā)生失語，其特點(diǎn)隨病變的范圍而有所變動。來自梁平教授05.apraxia

[e'pr?ks??]失用癥，運(yùn)用不能癥-praxia(action)Apraxia:

isthe

inabilityto

perform

certain

voluntary

movements.失用癥：指失去完成某些隨意運(yùn)動的能力。來自梁平教授06.ataxia

[?'t?ks??]共濟(jì)失調(diào)tax/o(order,

coordination)Wernicke

Encephalopathy:

Anacute

orsubacute

syndromepresenting

characteristically

with

confusion,

ophthalmoplegia,

andataxia.韋尼克腦病:特征性表現(xiàn)為精神混亂、眼肌麻痹和共濟(jì)失調(diào)的急性或亞急性綜合征。來自梁平教授07.

hemiparesis

[hemi'p?risis]輕偏癱hemi-(half) -paresis(weakness)Hemiparesis,

aphasia,or

some

other

evidence

offocal

neurologicdysfunctionisoften

present.又常出現(xiàn)偏輕癱、失語或某些其他的局限性神經(jīng)系功能障礙的跡象。來自梁平教授08.hemiplegia[?h?m?'plid???]偏癱,半身麻痹-plegia(paralysis)In

either

case

the

lesion

is

on

the

side

opposite

the

hemiplegia.不論是哪一種情況，病變部位都是在偏癱的對側(cè)。來自梁平教授09.

quadriplegia

[?kw?dr?'pli:d?i?]四肢癱瘓quadri-(four)Magnetic

resonance

imaging

ofthe

upper

airway

in

patients

withquadriplegiaand

obstructivesleep

apnea.患有四肢癱瘓和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停的患者的上氣道的磁共振成像。SOURCE:

J

Sleep

Res

2018

Aug;27

(4):

e12616.10.

monoplegia

[?mɑn?'plid???]單癱，局部麻痹mon/o(one,

single)Monoplegia

after

combined

spinal

epidural

anesthesia.腰麻-硬膜外聯(lián)合麻醉后發(fā)生的單癱SOURCE:

Agri.

2013;25(4):183-6.

doi:

10.5505/agri.2013.48568.Terminology

Reviewakinesia

[?ek?'nis??]運(yùn)動不能epilepsy

['?p?'l?psi]

癲癇narcolepsy

['nɑrkol?psi]

發(fā)作性睡病aphasia

[?'fe???]失語癥apraxia

[e'pr?ks??]失用癥，運(yùn)用不能癥Terminology

Reviewataxia

[?'t?ks??]共濟(jì)失調(diào)hemiparesis

[hemi'p?risis]輕偏癱hemiplegia

[?h?m?'plid???]偏癱,半身麻痹quadriplegia

[?kw?dr?'pli:d?i?]四肢癱瘓10.monoplegia

[?mɑn?'plid???]單癱，局部麻痹神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第七課01.

intrathecal

chemotherapy

[?ntr?'θi:kl]

鞘內(nèi)注射化療thec/o(sheath) chem/o(drug,

chemical)-therapy(treatment)Efficacy

of

intrathecal

chemotherapy

in

patients

with

central

nervoussystem

involvement

of

hematological

malignancies:

a

retrospectiveanalysis.鞘內(nèi)化療對中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)血液系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤患者的療效：一項(xiàng)回顧性分析SOURCE:

JNeurooncol

2018

Aug;139

(1):117-12302.thalamic

[θ?'l?m?k]

丘腦的thalam/o(thalamus)MRI

analysis

suggestsa

potential

influence

of

FCD

on

thalamicvolume.MRI分析表明局灶性皮質(zhì)發(fā)育不良對丘腦體積具有潛在影響。（

FCD：Focal

cortical

dysplasia，局灶性皮質(zhì)發(fā)育不良）SOURCE:

Brain

Res

2018

Sep;1694

38-45.03.

comatose

['kom?tos]昏迷的comat/o(deep

sleep--coma)-ose(pertaining

to,

full

of)Patients

with

intracranial

neoplasma

may

be

alert,comatose,or

atany

level

ofconsciousness

in

between.顱內(nèi)腫瘤的患者的意識狀態(tài)可呈覺醒、昏迷或介于兩者之間。來自梁平教授04.

syncopal['si?k?p?l]

暈厥的syncop/o(to

cut

off,

cutshort)Five

years

afterthesurgery,

heunderwent

defibrillationbecauseoftheincidence

ofsyncopal

attack.手術(shù)后第五年，由于暈厥發(fā)作，他接受了除顫。SOURCE:

AurisNasus

Larynx2018

Aug;45

(4):890-893.05.

Alzheimerdisease['?lz'?m?]阿爾茨海默病，老年癡呆癥Phosphodiesterase-9

(PDE9)

is

a

promising

target

for

treatment

ofAlzheimer's

disease(AD).磷酸二酯酶-9（PDE9）是有希望治療阿爾茨海默病（AD）的靶標(biāo)之一。SOURCE:

JEnzymeInhibMedChem2018Dec;33

(1):260-270.06.

Huntington

disease

['h?nti?t?n]亨廷頓舞蹈病The

visual

cortex

and

visual

cognition

in

Huntington's

disease:

Anoverview

of

current

literature.亨廷頓舞蹈病的視覺皮層和視覺認(rèn)知：當(dāng)前文獻(xiàn)的綜述。SOURCE:

Behav

Brain

Res

2018

Oct;351

63-74.07.

palsy['p?lzi]

中風(fēng)、麻痹No

muscle

atrophy

is

seen

in

pure

pseudobulbar

palsy.純粹的假性球麻痹無肌肉委縮。來自梁平教授08.

Parkinson

disease

['pa:kins?n]

帕金森病Being

in

control

of

Parkinson's

disease:

A

qualitative

study

ofcommunity-dwelling

patients'

coping

with

changes

in

care.控制帕金森?。簩ι鐓^(qū)居民患者應(yīng)對護(hù)理變化的定性研究。SOURCE:

EurJGenPract

2018Dec;24(1):138-145.09.

Tourette

syndrome委瑞癥、Gilles

de

la

tourette綜合征、抽動穢語綜合征The

Gilles

de

la

Tourette

syndrome

(or

Tourette'ssyndrome)

has

aprevalence

of1%

ofchildren

with

a

wide

range

ofseverity

andassociated

comorbidities.Gilles

de

la

Tourette綜合征在兒童中的患病率為1％，可伴有嚴(yán)重的合并癥。SOURCE:

PractNeurol

2018

Aug;18

(4):262-270.10.

herpes

zoster(shingles)['h?:rpi:z]['zɑ:st?r]帶狀皰疹Risk

ofSeriousInfection,

Opportunistic

Infection,

and

Herpes

Zosteramong

Patientswith

Psoriasisin

the

United

Kingdom.英國牛皮癬患者存在嚴(yán)重感染、機(jī)會性感染和患帶狀皰疹的風(fēng)險。SOURCE:

J

InvestDermatol

2018

Aug;138

(8):1726-1735Terminology

Reviewintrathecal

chemotherapy

[?ntr?'θi:kl]

鞘內(nèi)注射化療thalamic

[θ?'l?m?k]丘腦的comatose

['kom?tos]昏迷的syncopal

['si?k?p?l]

暈厥的Alzheimer

disease

['?lz'?m?]阿爾茨海默病，老年癡呆癥Terminology

ReviewHuntington

disease

['h?nti?t?n]亨廷頓舞蹈病palsy

['p?lzi]

中風(fēng)、麻痹Parkinson

disease

['pa:kins?n]帕金森病Tourette

syndrome委瑞癥、Gilles

de

la

tourette綜合征、抽動穢語綜合征10.herpes

zoster(shingles)['h?:rpi:z]['zɑ:st?r]帶狀皰疹神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)高頻詞匯 第八課01.

migraine['ma?ɡren]偏頭痛There

isan

association

between

migraine

and

the

cyclical

vomiting

ofchildhood,

and

car-sickness.在偏頭痛與兒童周期性嘔吐、暈車之間存在著關(guān)聯(lián)性。來自梁平教授02.spinabifida

[?spain?'baifid?]脊柱裂This

isa

transcript

of

a

scientificconference

on

the

subject

ofprenatalsurgeryfor

spina

bifida.這是一份以脊柱裂產(chǎn)前手術(shù)為主題的科學(xué)會議的記錄。SOURCE:

IrJMedSci2018

Aug;187

(3):713-718.03.

brain

tumor[bren]['tj?m?]腦瘤Parent

reports

of

children's

working

memory,coping,

andemotional/behavioral

adjustment

in

pediatric

brain

tumorpatients:

Apilotstudy.家長報告兒童腦腫瘤患者的工作記憶、應(yīng)對和情緒/行為調(diào)整：一項(xiàng)試點(diǎn)研究。SOURCE:

Child

Neuropsychol2018

Oct;24

(7):959-974.04.brain

edema[bren][i'dim?]

腦水腫-edema(swelling)Toanalyze

the

expression

of

β-catenin

and

N-cadherin

in

large

seriesof

meningioma

cases

and

to

investigate

their

correlation

withperitumoral

brainedema

(PTBE).分析β-catenin和N-cadherin在大型腦膜瘤病例中的表達(dá)，探討這二者與腫瘤周圍腦水腫（PTBE）的相關(guān)性。SOURCE:

Int

JNeurosci

2018Sep;128

(9):805-810.05.aneurysm['?nj?r?z?m]動脈瘤In

these

procedures

a

radiopaque

dye

is

injected

into

a

vein

or

artery,X-ray

photographs

will

then

show

ifthere

is

a

blockage

oran

aneurysm.在此過程中，不透射線的染色液被注入靜脈或動脈，X光照片就能顯示血管中是否存在阻塞或有動脈瘤的存在。來自梁平教授06.

arteriovenousmalformation[ɑr?t?r?o'vin?s]['m?lf?r'me??n]動靜脈畸形arteri/o(artery)-ous(pertainingto)ven/o(vein)mal-(bad,

wrong)Cerebral

arteriovenous

malformation

draining

vein

stenosis

isassociatedwith

atherosclerotic

risk

factors.腦動靜脈畸形引流靜脈狹窄與動脈粥樣硬化危險因素有關(guān)。SOURCE:J

Neurointerv

Surg

2018

Aug;10

(8):788-790.07.

carotid

cavernous

fistula

(CCF)[k?'rɑt?d]['k?v?n?s]['f?st??l?]頸動脈海綿竇瘺Post-traumatic

rightcarotid-cavernous

fistula

resulting

in

symptomsin

the

contralateral

eye:a

case

reportand

literature

review.創(chuàng)傷后右頸動脈-海綿竇瘺導(dǎo)致對側(cè)眼癥狀：一份病例報告和文獻(xiàn)綜述。SOURCE:

BMC

Ophthalmol

2018

Jul;18(1):183.08.

facial

spasm

['sp?z?m]面肌痙攣faci/o(face) -spasm(sudden

contraction)Bilateral

Facial

SpasmFollowing

Guillain-BarréSyndrome.患上格林-巴利綜合征后發(fā)生的雙側(cè)面部痙攣。SOURCE:

Tremor

Other

Hyperkinet

Mov

(N

Y)

2018

;8

476.09.

subdural

hematoma

硬膜下血腫sub-(under,

below) dur/o(dura

matter)hemat/o(blood) -oma(tumor

ormass)Middle

meningeal

artery

embolization

for

chronic

subduralhematoma:

Endovascular

technique

and

radiographic

findings.中腦膜動脈栓塞用于治療慢性硬膜下血腫：血管內(nèi)技術(shù)和影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)。SOURCE:

Interv

Neuroradiol2018

Aug;24

(4): 455-462.10.epiduralhematoma

['?p?'dj?r?l][?h?m?'tom?]硬膜外血腫epi-(above)Recurrent

spontaneous

cervical

epiduralhematoma

in

a

parturient11

hours

after

vaginal

delivery

without

labor

epidural

analgesia.在沒有硬膜外鎮(zhèn)痛的陰道分娩后11小時內(nèi)，產(chǎn)婦發(fā)生復(fù)發(fā)性自發(fā)性頸部硬膜外血腫。SOURCE:

Int

J

Obstet

Anesth

2018

Aug;35

108-109.Terminology

Reviewmigraine

['ma?ɡren]偏頭痛spina

bifida

[?spain?'baifid?]脊柱裂brain

tumor

[bren]['tj?m?]腦瘤brain

edema

[bren][i'dim?]腦水腫aneurysm

['?nj?r?z?m]動脈瘤Terminology

Reviewarteriovenous

malformation[ɑr?t?r?o'vin?s]['m?lf?r'me??n]

動靜脈畸形carotid

cavernous

fistula

(CCF)[k?'rɑt?d]['k?v?n?s]['f?st??l?]頸動脈海綿竇瘺facial

spasm

['sp?z?m]面肌痙攣subdural

hematoma

硬膜下血腫