專題10 8BU2-牛津譯林版初中英語第二學(xué)期單元知識點囊括及易錯題分析（江蘇專用）

專題108BU2-牛津譯林版初中英語第二學(xué)期單元知識點囊括及易錯題分析單元話題TravellingReading重點詞匯、詞組和句型Grammarhavebeento和havegoneto以及havebeenin的區(qū)分；現(xiàn)在完成時的延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換知識點囊括知識點囊括一、重點詞組、句型1．CanIjoinyou?(P22)我能加入你嗎？joinv.參加，加入例：Everyyoungmaninthevillagejoinedthefight.【拓展】join/joinin/takepartin對比.join+群體，組織例：HejoinedtheParty(黨)lastyear.joinin+活動例：Ifyoucannotattend,youcanstilljoinintheconversation.takepartin+活動，比賽例：WestilldecidedtotakepartinanimportantraceacrosstheAtlantic.2．We’rehavingafantastictimehere.(P22)我們玩的很開心。haveafantastictime玩的開心相似的短語有：haveagoodtime;enjoyoneself;havefun，后面加doing3．Itmovedathighspeedandwasreallyexciting.(P22)它高速運行，十分令人激動。①athighspeed以很快的速度=quickly常用短語：athigh/top/fullspeed高/最高/全速ata/thespeedof...以...速度②excite--excitementn.興奮4．Wewerescreamingandlaughingthroughtheride.(P22)我們?nèi)逃纸杏中?。throughtheride全程ridev.騎馬；乘n.騎；乘坐；（乘坐汽車等的）旅行；laughv.大笑laughatsb嘲笑某人例：Shegotonherbikeandrodequicklytoschool.Let’sgoforabusride.5．Wehurriedtoarestauranttohaveaquickmeal.(P22)我們匆忙去一家餐館很快吃了一頓飯。hurryn.匆忙，急忙inahurry立即，匆忙innohurry不著急；不匆忙v.倉促（做某事）；催促；（朝某方向）迅速移動；迅速處理hurryup（使）趕快hurrytodo=dosthinahurry匆忙地去做某事例：Wemusthurryup,orwe'llbelate.Studentshurriedtotheplaygroundtoenjoytheexcitingmatch.6．Iranafterthemandcould’tstoptakingphotos.(P22)我跟在他們后面跑，忍不住一直拍照。①runv.行駛；奔跑；運轉(zhuǎn)；經(jīng)營n.奔跑；賽跑；趨向；奔跑的路程例：Hiscarrunsthroughthestreetsathighspeed.Doesyourwatchrunwell?【拓展】runaway逃跑runout用完；耗盡；跑出；runoutof跑出...用光...runafter追趕②can’tstopdoing停不住例：Theycan'tstoptalkingabouttheirlastnightouttogether.【批注】stopdoing停止做某事，指的是手頭上正在進(jìn)行的事情。stoptodo是指停止手上正在做的事情去做另一件事情。7．Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsforclassmates.(P23)我給我的同學(xué)買了一對鑰匙環(huán)。couplen.對；夫婦；數(shù)個【拓展】acoupleof三兩個…；一對…youngcouple青年夫婦incouples成對地例：Acoupleofoldwomenwerechattinginthecorner.Theoldcouplewillspendthewholewinterinthesouth.8．Attheendoftheday,wewatchedthefireworksinfrontoftheSleepingBeautyCastle.(P22)那天結(jié)束的時候，我們在睡美人城堡前看煙火。①endv.結(jié)束，終止n.結(jié)束，末端，終止endin以…為結(jié)果；以…告終endwith以...結(jié)束intheend終于，最后bytheendof到……結(jié)束時；到……時為止；在……之前attheendof在...結(jié)束的時候；在...的盡頭frombeginningtoend自始至終例：Theyendedthediscussionat19:00intheevening.Ourteacherranoverthemainpointsattheendofeachlesson.Governmentdecidedtobringtheprogrammethroughtotheend.WallStreetisatthesouthernendoftheisland.9．Placeofnaturalbeauty(P29)自然美景placeofnaturalbeauty=naturalbeautifulplaceof+n.=adj.比如ofimportance=important類似的用法：placeofinterest=interestingplace例：Youcanenjoylotsofplacesofnaturalbeauty.10．Thebesttimetogothereisinspringorautumn.(P30)去那的最好時間是春天或秋天。thebesttimetodo…去做....最好的時間是……類似的用法：thefirsttimetodo第一次去做某事例：ThebesttimetovisittheUKisinspring.Itismyfirsttimetoseesuchaninterestingmovie.11．Theviewsthereinwintermaybewonderful.(P30)冬天那的景色非常精彩。viewn.視閾，視野；景物，景色，風(fēng)景；看法，觀點v.觀看，眺望；看見：例：Wewillgoandviewthehousebeforewebuyit.Theviewfromourwindowwasoneofbeautifulgreencountryside.Inmyviewthingswon'tchange.Hestooduptogetabetterviewoftheblackboard.二、語法Grammar一、have/hasbeento與have/hasgoneto的用法比較結(jié)構(gòu)意義例句have/hasbeento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地（但現(xiàn)在已不在那兒）”I’vebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去過北京三次。have/hasgoneto表示“某人去了某地（還未回來）”，說明所提及的對象不在說話地點RickyhasgonetoBeijingandwillcomebacknextweek.二、for與since的用法區(qū)別詞匯具體用法例句for說明動作延續(xù)時間的長度，后面接時間，且只能是”一段”時間，即“for+一段時間”HehaslearnedEnglishfortwoyears.他已學(xué)了兩年英語。since說明動作起始時間，后面接時間只能是“點”時間，即“since+表示過去一個時間點”，如1980，lastmonth,halfpastsix

等Ihavestudiedheresince2006.自從2006年以來，我一直在這兒學(xué)習(xí)。since+一段時間+agoMilliehaswaitedtheresincehalfanhourago.米莉半小時前就在那兒等了。since+從句（從句用一般過去時）Ihaveknownhersinceshewasachild.她還是個孩子的時候，我就認(rèn)識她了。Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since從句ItisamonthsinceSimoncameback.西蒙已經(jīng)回來一個月了。三、延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法1.延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。常見的延續(xù)性動詞有be,have,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,speak,talk,draw,wait,wear,walk,sleep等。WehavealreadylearnedEnglishforaboutfiveyears.我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了大約五年的英語了。Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschoolsince1985.自從1985年以來王先生就在這所學(xué)校教書。2.非延續(xù)性動詞又稱為終止性動詞或瞬間動詞，即動作一旦發(fā)生就立即結(jié)束，并產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)果。非延續(xù)性動詞可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時中，但是不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。常見的非延續(xù)性動詞有come,go,arrive,reach,accept,become,break,catch,see,hear,close,leave,begin,start,stop,end,finish,lose,buy,borrow,receive,fall,get,join,die,put等。用法例句可直接用來表示某一動作的完成TheyhavereachedShanghai.他們已經(jīng)到達(dá)了上海。HasDanielgonetoLondon?丹尼爾已經(jīng)去了倫敦了嗎？不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的狀語連用那個老人已經(jīng)死了一周了。Theoldmanhasdiedforaweek.(誤)Theoldmanhasbeendeadforaweek.(正)他三天前就已經(jīng)來這兒了。Hehascomeheresincethreedaysago.(誤)Hehasbeenheresincethreedaysago.(正)某些非延續(xù)性動詞可以與since連用，表示重復(fù)的動作或狀態(tài)Theyhavegonefishingfivetimessincelastspring.自去年春天以來，他們?nèi)メ炦^五次魚。有些非延續(xù)性動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可與since或for短語連用Ihaven’tboughtanythingforayear.一年來，我沒有買過任何東西。3.非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞例句buyhaveIboughtthedictionarythedaybeforeyesterday.=Ihavehadthedictionarysincethedaybeforeyesterday.=Ihavehadthedictionaryforthreedays.我前天買了這本字典。borrowkeepMybrotherborrowedthebooktwoweeksago.=Mybrotherhaskeptthebooksincetwoweeksago.=Mybrotherhaskeptthebookfortwoweeks.我弟弟兩周前借了這本書。arrive/come/gobein/atMilliearrivedinHongKonghalfamonthago.=MilliehasbeeninHongKongsincehalfamonthago.=MilliehasbeeninHongKongforhalfamonth.米莉半個月之前到達(dá)香港。LiPingcametotheschoolthreemonthsago.=LiPinghasbeenintheschoolsincethreemonthsago.=LiPinghasbeenintheschoolforthreemonths.李平三個月之前來到這所學(xué)校。leavebeawayIleftmyhometownlastyear.=Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownsincelastyear.=Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforayear.去年我離開我的家鄉(xiāng)。joinbein/amemberofShejoinedtheclubin2005.=Shehasbeenamemberoftheclubsince2005.=Shehasbeenintheclubfornineyears.她于2005年加入這個俱樂部。diebedeadHisgrandfatherdiedayearago.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadsinceayearago.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadforayear.他爺爺一年前去世了。marrybemarriedTheygotmarried/marriedtenyearsago.=Theyhavebeenmarriedsincetenyearsago.=Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.他們結(jié)婚十年了。begin/startbeonTheclassbegantwominutesago.=Theclasshasbeenonsincetwominutesago.=Theclasshasbeenonfortwominutes.已經(jīng)開始上課兩分鐘了。stop/finish/endbeoverThematchstoppedlastSunday.=ThematchhasbeenoversincelastSunday.=Thematchhasbeenoverforsevendays.那場比賽上個星期天就結(jié)束了。三、詞組歸納1.gotospforaholiday 去某地度假2.have/hasbeentosp. 去過某地(常和次數(shù)連用)3.have/hasgonetosp. 去了某地（不在這兒）4.haveafantastic/good/great/nice/wonderfultime 玩得開心5.moveathigh/low/fullspeed 在高/低/全速運行6.atthespeedof… 以…的速度7.throughtheride 貫穿乘坐（游樂設(shè)施）的整個過程8.hurrytosp. /hurrytodosth. 匆匆去某地/匆忙做某事9.runaftersb. 跟在某人后面跑/追趕某人10.can’tstopdoingsth. 不停地做某事/忍不住一直做某事11.dosomeshopping/goshopping 購物12.acoupleofkeyrings 幾個鑰匙環(huán)13.attheendof…. 在……末尾/盡頭14.watchthefireworks 觀看煙火15.inviteAndytogoforapicnic 邀請Andy去野炊16.oncoldandsnowydays 在寒冷的下雪天17.onbusiness 出差18.takeadirectflightto… 乘直飛航班到…19.avisittoSouthHill 一次去南山的旅行20.leaveforsp=gotosp 動身去，出發(fā)去，奔赴某地21.intheearlymorning 在一大早，清晨22.threeandahalfhours=threehoursandahalf 三個半小時23.bytheway 順便問一下，順便說24.allyearround 全年，一年到頭25.placesof(great)interest 名勝26.givesb.someadviceon… 在…方面給某人建議/忠告27.attendameeting 出席會議28.joinsb.indoingsth. 加入到某人做某事的行列中四、句型歸納1.Idon’tthinkit’llbeaholidayforme. 我認(rèn)為對于我來說這不會是個假日。2.Wherehaveyoubeenonholiday? 你去哪里度假的？3.ItcomesfromthestorybyHansChristianAndersen. 它源自安徒生的（童話）故事。4.What’sspecialaboutit? 它有什么特別之處？5.Wehaven’tseeneachothersincelastweek. 自從上周我們彼此就沒見過面。6.Iranafterthemandcouldn’tstoptakingphotos. 我追趕著他們并且無法停止拍照。7.Wecouldevensmelltheapplepieandfeelthewind. 我們甚至能聞到蘋果派的味道，感覺到風(fēng)在吹。8.Where’sJim?HehasgonetoHongKong. Jim在哪兒？他去香港了。9.KittyhasbeentoHongKongDisneylandtwice. Kitty已經(jīng)去香港迪士尼樂園兩次了。10.MyparentshasbeeninDenmarksincethreeyearsago/forthreeyears.我父母已在丹麥3年了。11.IseeAndyplayingonthesandtoo. 我看到Andy也正在沙灘上玩耍。12.WhodidyougotoHongKongwith? 你和誰一起去的香港？=WithwhomdidyougotoHongKong?13.DoyouhaveanyplansfortheMayDayholiday? 你五一節(jié)有打算嗎？14.Theviewsthereinwintermaybewonderful. 那里冬天的景色可能很精彩。=Maybetheviewsthereinwinterarewonderful.15.ThebesttimetovisitChinesegardensisinspringorautumn.參觀中國園林最好的時間是春天或秋天。=ItisbesttovisitChinesegardensinspringorautumn. 在春天或秋天參觀中國園林最好。=SpringorautumnisthebesttimeforvisitingChinesegardens.16.Theremaybesomerain.=Itmayberainy.=Maybeit’srainy.可能要下雨。17.HowlongdoesittaketoflytoChengdu? 飛到成都要多長時間？18.IhopeIcanvisititagainsomeday.=Ihopetovisititagainoneday.我希望有一天我能再次參觀它19.IttookusaboutthreeandahalfhourstoflytoHongKong.我們大約花了三個半小時飛往香港。20.Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago.=Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.=Itis/Ithasbeentwoyearssincetheoldmandied.=Twoyearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.易錯題分析易錯題分析語法部分：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theoldmanhasbeen_______(die)sincethreeyearsago.2.Linda_________(borrow)thesemagazinesformorethantwoweeks.3.______you______(buy)thecarsincetwomonthsago?4.I____________(notsee)yousincelastmonth.5.I____________(know)himsincelastyear.【答案】deadhaskeptHaveboughthaven’tseenhaveknown詞匯句型部分：一、單項選擇()1Myuncle________inBeijingforthreeyears.A.livesB.islivingC.haslivedD.willlive()2.The______newssaysthatHuJintaohasgonetoLondon________.A.recent;recentB.recently;recentC.recent;recentlyD.recently;recently()3.Ihave______readthatbookbefore,butI______wanttoreaditagain.A.yet;don’tB.ever;haven’tC.ago;haven’tD.already;don’t()4.Allthemembersoftheclubdecidedto______toBeijing.A.byplaneB.onaplaneC.takeaplaneD.takeplane()5.Somuchforthisclass,class.________,wherewilltheconferencebeheldtomorrow?A.BythewayB.InsomewaysC.OnthewayD.Noway()6.There_________somebeautifulswansonthelakeinsummer.Butnowit’shardforustoseethembecauseofpollutionproblems.A.usedtobeB.usedtohaveC.isusedtobeD.isusedtohave()7.Ihavelivedhere_______manyyears.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.from()8.----Doyoustillwritetoyourfriendsthesedays?----No.ButIused________thatwhenIwasatschool.A.doB.didC.doneD.todo()9.Tom________forfiveyears.A.marriedB.gotmarriedC.wasmarriedD.hasbeenmarried()10.Ihavejust________aninterview_______theradio.A.heard;onB.listenedto;onC.listened;inD.heard;with()11.Idon’tlikeplaying_____chess,butIlikeplaying_________piano.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the()12.----________haveyoulivedhere?----Sincelastyear.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar()13.Wehavestudiedatthisschool______twoyearsago.A.forB.sinceC.fromD.about()14.TheNanjingChangjiangBridgehas______forover50years.A.beeninuseB.inuseC.builtD.beenbuilt()15.Mygrandpalives_______,sohefeelsabit________fromtimetotime.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;aloneC.lonely;lonelyD.alone;lonely【答案】1~5CCDCA6~10ABDDA11~15DABAD二、根據(jù)中文提示寫出單詞。1．Doyoubelievethe________(最近的)newsaboutthetrafficaccident?HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong________(最近)?2．Finally，he________(意識到)thathefailedintheexam．3．Protectingour________(環(huán)境)isveryimportant．4．Myparentsbothworkinthe________(南方的)partofChina.5．Nowthereareanumberof__________(工廠)inourhometown.【答案】1．recent，recently2．realized3．environment4．southern5．factories三、用單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—thetrain(arrive)yet?—Yes,it(arri