2024屆高考英語 定語從句重難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)性講練 講義

定語從句重難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)性講練

關(guān)系代詞

主語動賓介賓定語

Awhowhowhomwhomwhose（某人的）

thatthat=ofwhomthe

物whichthatwhichwhose（某物的）

=ofwhichthe

whose在定語從句中作定語，表示引導(dǎo)詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關(guān)

系。whose多指人，也可指物，可分別與ofwhich/whomthe互換使

用。

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.

Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.

Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.

關(guān)系副詞

表示從句動作發(fā)生在某時：when=at/on/in+which

表示從句動作發(fā)生在某地：where=at/on/in+which

表示從句動作發(fā)生的原因：why=for+which

一、何時用關(guān)系副詞when,where,why引導(dǎo)定語從句？

when引導(dǎo)定語從句:先行詞是表示時間的名詞而且是從句動作發(fā)生的時間

時,用when引導(dǎo)定語從句。

FIIneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.

Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.

Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,when(=inwhich)wewon'

tbebusy.

where引導(dǎo)定語從句:先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或含有地點(diǎn)意義的抽象名

詞而且是從句動作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)時，用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。

Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.

Thetableatwhichsheissittingisanewone.

I*IIshowyouthepointwhereyoufailed.

why引導(dǎo)定語從句:先行詞是reason并且從句是表示結(jié)果時，用why引

導(dǎo)定語從句。

Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn'tcomehere.

Thereasonshegavewasnottrue.

特別注意當(dāng)定語從句缺主語或賓語才直接用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。

Thelibrarystudentsoftenstudywasonfire

lastnight.

Thelibrary,wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.

Thelibraryyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.

FIIneverforgetthedaywefirstmetinthepark.

rIIneverforgetthetimeIspentoncampus.

rIIneverforgetthetimewasspentwithyou.

二、介詞+關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)注意的情況：

1.who,that不能用與介詞之后

Themanwho/whomyouspoketowasascientist.Themanto

whomyouspokewasascientist.

Thecitythat/whichshelivesinisfaraway.Thecityinwhichshe

livesisfaraway.

2.在固定短語中介詞不能提前

Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomI

amlookingafterisbetter.

三、如何確定介詞？把先行詞接到從句謂語后面去，看需要什么介詞。

L看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配

HeisthemanwhomIthinkyoucandepend.

Thehousewhichhepaid100,000yuanisverybeautiful.

2、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配

HereferredmetosomereferencebookswhichIamnotvery

familiar.

Thisistheherowhomweareproud.

3、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞搭配

TheschoolwhichIstudyistheNo.11highschool.

Therate/speedwhichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhas

increased.

Theagewhichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.

4.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞搭配來選用介詞，這時是兩者兼顧。

Hehaslostthekeytotheboxthepapersarekept.

Myglasses,Iwaslikeablindman,felltotheground

andbroke.

Hisbikehewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.

5.名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+which/whom

Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5ofarewomen.

Thebookcontains50poems,mostofwaswrittenin1930s.

Therearetwoleft,oneofisalmostfinishedzandtheotherof

isnotquite.

Ihaveasentence,themeaningofIdon'tunderstand.

四、非限制性定語從句和單句的比較

1.1amreadingHarryPorter,isaninterestingbook.

IamreadingHarryPorter;isaninterestingbook.

2.Hefailedintheexam;madehisparentsangry.

Hefailedintheexam,madehisparentsangry.

3.Hehastwosons;bothofareteachers.

Hehastwosons,bothofareteachers.

五、as引導(dǎo)定語從句

1.as引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句

(1)ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.這本書和我昨天丟的那

本一模一樣。

ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesteday.這本書就是我昨天丟的那

本。

注意：當(dāng)先行詞被thesame修飾時，引導(dǎo)詞用as和that時意義不同。

(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbookwealllike.Thisisso

interestingabookwealllike.

這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)

Thisissuchaninterestingbookwealllikeit.Thisis

sointerestingabookwealllikeit.

這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)

2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

isknowntousall,theearthisround.Theearthis

round,weallknow.

isknowntousallthatXheearthisround.Theearthis

round;isknowntousall.

isknowntousallisthattheearthisround.

注意：非限定性定語從句在句首時只能用as,另外，as有"正如”之意，

而which只有“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”的意思。

3.as與which的區(qū)別：只能用as的情況：

(1).酶句型：

thesame.....as;such....as;so...as

即:當(dāng)先行詞有such/so修飾時關(guān)系代詞常用as.as充當(dāng)賓語或表語.

Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Iwanttobuysuchabookas

youhave.

Heissogoodateacheraswealllike.Heisnotthesamemanashe

was.

比較:Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.

(2).代替整個句子，意為〃正如“時，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：

asweallknow=asisknowntoall,asissaidabove,…

asisoftenthecase,....;asisreportedinthenewspaper,.....

asweexpected/planned;asyouknow/see

六、難點(diǎn)解析：易混情況之含有定語從句的疑問句

Isthishouseyoulivedinlastyear?

A.whereB.thatCwhichD.theone

Thishouseistheone(that)...

Isthisthehouseyoulivedinlastyear?

A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.theone

Thisisthehouse(that)...

難點(diǎn)解析：易混情況關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用

1.rIIneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether.不及

物動詞。

2.TIIneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.及物動詞,

缺賓語

3.1wentbacktotheplaceIspendmychildhood.

及物動詞，不缺賓語

4.1wenttotheplaceIvisitedtenyearsago.及物動詞，

缺賓語

5.Thisisthereasonhewaslate.

6.Thisisthereasonhegave.及物動詞,缺賓語

七、怎樣區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和狀語從句

where前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞時，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。

Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespot

whereyouhaveanyquestions.定語從句

Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhave

anyquestions.地點(diǎn)狀語從句

區(qū)別于其它從句：

Putthenotewhereitcaneasilybefound.地點(diǎn)狀語從句

Putthenoteattheplacewhereitcaneasilybefound.定語從句

ThisiswhereIwasborn.表語從句ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.

定語從句

八、定語從句和名詞性從句的轉(zhuǎn)換：先行詞和關(guān)系詞合二為一。

?Anyonewho(=Whoever)leavestheroomlastshouldturnoff

thelights.

?Iwilldoallthat(=what)Icantohelpyou.

?Iwilldowhatever(=anythingthat或everythingthat)Icanto

helpyou.

@

九、關(guān)系詞的使用規(guī)定(參見“高頻考點(diǎn)〃)

十、特殊情況

?Idon'tlikethewayhespeakstome.

?ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.

十一、定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)合?？疾槎ㄕZ從句引導(dǎo)詞與強(qiáng)調(diào)句引導(dǎo)詞that

的位置.在對話中往往省略that部分，如：

—Ican'tfindMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?

—Itwasinthehotelhestayed(thatImethimthismorning).

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

—Wheredidyougettoknowher?——Itwasonthefarmwe

worked.

A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where

Itwasinthevillageheoncelivedhegothisjunior

education.

A.that;whereB.wherethatC.which;whereD.where;which

十二、分割性定語從句。

定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面，但有些時候也會被同位語、狀語、謂語、

其它定語等成分分割。此時此時要能夠理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，慧眼識別先行詞及定

語從句。

1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome____Iwastakengoodcare

ofinthatfarawayvillage.

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where

2.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoawinnerof

scholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.have

beenD.hasbeen

3.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders

consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.

A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which

4.AfastfoodrestaurantistheplaceJustasthenamesuggests,

eatingisdonequickly.

A.whichB.v/hereC.thereD.what

鞏固練習(xí)：

填空題：

1.ThisisthedayImethim.

2.ThisisthedayIwillneverforget.

3.Thisisthedaywespenttogether.

4.ThisistheplaceIlivedlastyear.

5.ThisistheplaceIwasborn.

6.ThisistheplaceIvisitedlastyear.

7.Thereasonhegaveforhisbeinglatewasthathis

motherwasill.

8.Thereasonhewaslatewasthathismother

wasill.

9.Thereasonhismotherwasillledtohisbeinglate.

10.1willneverforgetthedayIfirstwenttoschool.

11.1willneverforgetthedaywespentinBeijing.

12.Thehousewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.

13.ThehouseLuxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.

14.Isthisthefactorywevisitedlastweek?

15.Isthisfactorywevisitedlastweek?

16.Isthisthefactoryhisfatherworks?

17.Themanyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.

18.Theroommyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.

19.DidyoufindthepenIwrotejustnow?

20.DidyoufindthepaperIwrotemyletter?

21.DidyoufindthecompositionIwrotejustnow?

22.1willneverforgettheday.Ifirstwenttoschoolon.

23.1willneverforgetthedayIfirstwenttoschool.

24.（比較）IwillneverforgettheyearIfirstwentto

school.

25.Thisisthegirl.walletislost.

26.Thisisthegirl=^==walletislost.

27.Givemethebook.Thecoverofisred.

28.Givemethebookcoverisred.

29.Givemethebook,thecoverisred.

30.Givemethebook,thecoverisred.

31.Lastweekwevisitedthefactory.Mybrotherworksin.

32.Lastweekwevisitedthefactorymybrotherworks.

33.Lastweekwevisitedthefactorymybrotherworksin.

34.Thereasonwasnotclear.Hedidn'tcomefor.

35.Thereasonhedidn'tcomewasnotclear.

36.FIIneverforgetthedayIjoinedthearmy.

37.TIIneverforgetthefactorymyfatherworked.

38.Tellmethereasonyoucamelate.

39.Thisistheroomtheyoncelived.

40.ThisisthereasonIfailed.

41.Thepencilhewrotewasbroken.

42.Shehasthreechildren,allareatschool.

43.1don'tknowthestudentTomquarreledyesterday.

44.Sheisthegirl=^=Iwentthere.

45.1don'tknowthethingTomandMaryquarreled

yesterday.

46.Thisisthehotelyouwillstay.

47.Thisisthehousemysisterlives

48.Thisisthefactory.1onceworked.

49.Thehousehespent100,000yuanisverybeautiful.

50.1can'tfindtheverypenIwrotethatletter.

51.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneisLuXun.

52.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?

53.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?

54.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?

55.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?

56.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.

57.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.

58.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongestisthe

YellowRiver.

59.Thetowerpeoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.

60.ThemanIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodat

wrestling.

61.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mosthadn'

tbeencleanedforatleastayear.

62.Hedidall/everythinghecouldtohelpme.

63.Thisisthe蚱/ythingIamafter.

64.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethingsweremembered

atschool.

65.Heistheon/yvr\ar\candothework.

66.Thisisthe力ZsfthingIwanttosay.

67.HeisthefinestmanIhaveeverworkedwith.

68.Whoisthemanspoketoyouatthegate.

69.Whichisthestarisnearesttotheearth.

70.Isthereanythingelseyouwanttosay?

71.Anypersonhasthemoneycanjointhegroup.

72.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,made

othersupset.

73.Heopenedthedoor,infrontofsataboy.

74.ThemantoIspokeisafamousscientist.

75.Theboymotherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.

76.Thisistheteacherteachesusmaths.

77.SheisthegirlImetattheparty.

78.Themoneyisinthewalletismine.

79.Themoneymymothergavemeyesterdayhasbeen

stolen.

80.Thisisthehousemysisterlivesin.

81.Theriverbanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.

82.1don'tlikethewayyouspeaktoyourmother.

83.1donztlikethewayhesuggested.

84.Thisistheway______leadstothesmallvillage.

85.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.

選擇題：

1.Allisusefultousisgood.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether

2.Isthisfactorytheforeignvisitorsvisitedlastweek?

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.theone

3.ShewillneverforgetthedaysshespentinBeijing.

A.whenB.whatC.whichD.why

4.Thisistheschoolmyfatherworkedthirtyyearsago.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

5.Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstorieslearnedinthe

pastthreeyears.

A.thathaveB.thathavebeen

C.whichhasD.whichhasbeen

6.Thecollegewon'ttakeonanyoneeyesightisweak.

A.whoB.whoseC.ofwhomD.which

7.Letmethinkofpropersituationthissentencecanbeused.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.ofwhich

8.Themanyouaretalkingisinthenextroom.

A.towhomB.aboutwhomC.whoD.whom

9.Thisisthefactoryheusedtoworkat,manyworkersof

stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A.that;itB.which;

whom

C.that;whichD.which;that

10.Hereisthebicycleintheshop.

A.thatyousawitB.thatsawit

C.yousawD.yousawit

11.Thosetotakepartinthegamewritedownyournames,

please.

A.whoB.whowantC.thatwantsDwant

12.1,yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.

A.whoisB.whatisC.whatamD.whoam

13.Hiswalking-sick,hecan'twalk,waslostyesterday.

A.thatB.withwhichC.whichD.withoutwhich

14.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,werebuiltfiveyears

ago.

A.allofthemB.eitherofthem

C.allofwhichD.bothofthat

15.Thereasonhecan'tcomeisthathehastoworklate.

A.becauseB.thatC.whyD.for

16.Heisnotthemanheusedtobe.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.as

17.ThisistheonlythingIcandonow.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.all

18.1don'tlikethewayhespoketome.

A.bythatB.whatC.bywhichD./

19.Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheworkintime,,Ithink,isa

wisechoice.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

20.ThefamilyIstayedwithinNewYorkarecomingtoBeijing.

A.whichB.whomC.whatD.whose

21.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoa