黑龍江省佳木斯市第八中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題

…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號(hào)：___________…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○……○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號(hào)：___________…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○……○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁黑龍江省佳木斯市第八中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題試卷副標(biāo)題考試范圍：xxx；考試時(shí)間：100分鐘；命題人：xxx題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號(hào)等信息2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上第I卷（選擇題）請點(diǎn)擊修改第I卷的文字說明評卷人得分一、完形填空MyhusbandAdlaiandIoftenwentcampingtocelebratespecialoccasions.Infact,ouranniversary(周年紀(jì)念日)wascomingup.ButthistimeIfeltasenseof____1____.Icouldn’thelpthinkingaboutmyjournal(日記本).Forbirthdaysandanniversaries,____2____givingeachothercardsthatwewerenotinterestedin,AdlaiandIwroteletters.Fornineyears,I’dwrittenalmostallofmineinajournal.Foroureighteenthanniversary,wehadgonecamping.Afterahike,wereturnedto____3____ourletters.Butthecampsitewas____4____byabear.Ourtentfelldown.Worstofall,myjournalwas____5____.Wesearchedforhours,butitwas____6____.Inever____7____.Ialwayswantedtohavebackthosenineyearsofletters!Oneday,Icamehometofindacarinourdriveway.Two____8____stoodintheyardwithAdlai.Adlaiheldupaweather-beatenbook.Myjournal!Thewomanandherhusbandhad____9____itweeksearlierintheunderbrush.Shewas_____10_____whenreadingmyloveletters.“Weonlyhaveyourfirstnames,soitisabit_____11_____tofindyou.Luckily,wemakeit,”thewomansaid.Asaresultoftheirtheir_____12_____,Icouldhugmyjournalagain.Ijustcouldn’tthankthemmore.Therearealwayspeopleintheworldwhoshow_____13_____toothers.Whatthecouplediddoesn’t_____14_____changeourlives,butitcancertainlychangethewaywe_____15_____aboutlife.1．A．responsibility B．excitement C．loss D．fear2．A．a(chǎn)partfrom B．insteadof C．regardlessof D．a(chǎn)sfor3．A．send B．discuss C．spread D．exchange4．A．destroyed B．watched C．locked D．examined5．A．waiting B．missing C．a(chǎn)ppearing D．dropping6．A．hopeless B．successful C．dangerous D．safe7．A．gotaway B．setout C．gaveup D．cameback8．A．friends B．customers C．relatives D．strangers9．A．discovered B．hidden C．returned D．passed10．A．satisfied B．moved C．tired D．scared11．A．easy B．interesting C．boring D．difficult12．A．needs B．experiments C．projects D．efforts13．A．kindness B．understanding C．encouragement D．protection14．A．partly B．equally C．secretly D．necessarily15．A．talk B．feel C．plan D．complain第II卷（非選擇題）請點(diǎn)擊修改第II卷的文字說明評卷人得分二、閱讀理解Herearesomeoftheplaceswherewomencanfeelcomfortablewhentheyaretravelingalone:NewZealand:PeoplespeakEnglishthere,andthetransportisconvenient.UnlikeAustralia,whereyouhavetotravelbyairplanetodifferentpartsofthecountrybecauseit’ssohuge,it’ssimpletogoontoursonyourowninNewZealand.Iceland:Icelandisaperfectchoiceforwomenwhoaretravelingalone.It’sonlyfourhoursbyplanefromBostonandtherearemanydirectflightsfrommajorUScities.InIceland,youcantraveltodifferentfarmstoexperiencelifethereandhikesomeofitsamazingnaturalwonders.CostaRicaandPanama:Ifyou’relookingforadestinationinCentralAmerica,Ihighlyrecommend(推薦)bothCostaRicaandPanama.TherearesomanythingstodothereandmostpeoplespeakEnglish.IsuggeststartinginPanamaCitywhereyoucanmakeascheduleofdaytripsandtourstodifferentattractionslikethePanamaCanal.Therearelotsofadventureactivitiesforactivewomenwholikehiking,whitewaterraftingandevenbungeejumping(蹦極).Alaska:Alaskaisalsoasafeandexcitingdestination.PlantoflytoAnchorageandtheneitherrentacarortakeatraintotravelaroundotherpartsofthestate,suchastheKenaiPeninsulaorSeward.InAlaska,youcangoontourstoseewildlifeorenjoythewhale-watch.Anothergoodchoiceistotakeadaycruise(航行)toexperiencesomeofAlaska'sbeauty.16．WhatdoweknowaboutIceland?A．Ithasthemostconvenienttransport. B．Itisagoodplacetoexperiencefarmers'life.C．It’sfarfromBostonandmostmajorUScities. D．ItsfamousattractionsincludethePanamaCanal.17．Ifyoulikeextremesports,youcanvisit________.A．NewZealand B．Iceland C．CostaRicaandPanama D．Alaska18．WhatisadvisedwhenpeopletraveltoSeward?A．Payattentiontotheirownsafety. B．Bookticketsforflightsaheadoftime.C．Trytheirbesttoprotectwildlifethere. D．Rentacarortakeatraintotravelaround.Afreshandgentlewindonyourface,softsandunderyourfeetandbluewatersasfarastheeyecansee.IsthereanyotherOlympicsportthatisplayedinsuchpleasantconditionsasbeachvolleyball？“I’vegonetoalotofbeautifulplaces,andmetalotofbeautifulpeople.Thatwouldn’thavehappenedifIhadbeenplayinganothersport.”saidRandyStoklos,America’smostfamousbeachvolleyballplayer.Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.Thefirstrecordedtwo-mangametookplacetherein1930,andthefirsttournament(錦標(biāo)賽)washeldinLosAngeles18yearslater.ThewinnerswereawardedacaseofPepsi.Inthe1950s,womenstartedplayingandthesportsoonspreadtoEuropeandSouthAmerica.Yetatthattime,beachvolleyballwasmoreanentertainmentshowthanasport,withbeautycontestsincluded.TheAssociationofVolleyballProfessionalswasfoundedin1983andbeachvolleyballdevelopedintoafast,athleticsport.Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamstookpart.Atpresent,theUSandBrazilarethebestintheworldatbeachvolleyball.ThegamecametoChinaintheearly1990sandtherehavebeennationaltournamentssince1994.ItbecameanofficialeventattheEighthNationalGamesin1997.China’sYouWenhuiandWangLufinishedninthinthewomen’sbeachvolleyballworldchampionshipsinBrazil.19．Thepassageismainlyabout______.A．thehistoryofbeachvolleyballB．howtoplaybeachvolleyballC．theimportanceofbeachvolleyballD．women’sbeachvolleyballinChina20．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？A．BeachvolleyballwasfirstplayedlikeotherOlympic:sports.B．Beachvolleyballhasalwaysbeenanentertainmentshowratherthanasport.C．BeachvolleyballbeganonbeachesinSoutherCalifornia.D．WomenstartedplayingbeachvolleyballinSouthAmericain1945.21．WhendidbeachvolleyballofficiallybecomeanOlympicevent？A．In1948, B．In1996. C．In1950. D．In1997.22．Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat______.A．in1996,beachvolleyballbecameanofficialeventinChinaB．China’sbeachvolleyballteamisthebestintheworldC．China’sbeachvolleyballplayerswonthefirstplaceinBrazilD．beachvolleyballcametoChinaintheearly1990sSpidermonkeysknowthatthebestwaytofindfoodisinagroup.Butwhentheydividetohuntforfruit,there’snorandom(隨意性)pairingoff.Researchershavefoundthattheyusecollectivecomputation(群體計(jì)算)whentheybreakupintoteams.Typically,theolderfemalesleadtherestoftheyoungermonkeys,havingthefinalsayingroupactivities.Butthat’snotthecaseforwildspidermonkeyslivinginaprotectedareanearPuntaLaguna,Mexico.Whenthey’rereadytosearchforfood,themonkeysformteamswithoutasingleleaderpickingwhogoesintowhichgroup.Instead,eachmonkeydecideswhichgrouptojoinandwhentomovetoanothergroup.Theresult,sayresearchers,isthatthemonkeysarecollectivelycomputinggoodteamsizesgiventheavailability(可獲性)offoodintheforest.“Thespidermonkeysseemtobecollectinginformationaboutresourcesbyformingthesesmallteams,sothatasagrouptheyknowtheirenvironmentbetterthananyonedoesonitsown,”leadstudyauthor,GabrielRamos-FernandezoftheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexico,said.Tostudytheanimals’behavior,researchersspenttwoyearsrecording47differentspidermonkeysforfivehourseachday.Forhuntingforfood,theyusuallyformedgroupsof2to17monkeys.ResearchersworkedtogetherwiththescientistsattheSantaFeInstituteinNewMexicotofindouthowaspidermonkeydecidedtostaywithorleaveagroup.Theirstudyfoundthatthemonkeys’decisionswereinfluencedbythedecisionsoftheothermonkeysontheteam.Theywouldfeelouttheirteammatesaboutthebestsizeandthenmaketheirowndecisionsaccordingly.Theresultsproducedteamsofmanydifferentsizes,whichwerehelpfulinfindingfruitintheforest.Theresearcherssaidthatcollectivelycomputedsizesweresometimesnotaperfectmatchbasedonthefoodthatwasavailable.Theysuggestasimilarstudyshouldbeusedtoexaminehowothergroupsorsystemswork,suchasflocksofbirdsorschoolsoffish.23．HowdospidermonkeyslivingnearPuntaLagunadifferfromthetypicalones?A．Theycanlivebettereveninbadweatherconditions.B．Thesizesoftheirteamsaredecidedbyeachofthem.C．Theoldermonkeysplayaleadingroleinateam.D．Theyusuallytaketurnstolookforfood.24．HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?A．Spreadingtheword.B．Winningallthegames.C．Makingthefinaldecisions.D．Gettingthemostdeliciousfood.25．Whatwillprobablycauseaspidermonkeytoleaveitsteam?A．Itsteammates’choices.B．Thesuddendangerthatappears.C．Theunfairtreatmentfromteammates.D．Itsdisappointmentwiththeamountoffood.26．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Spidermonkeyscan’tofferhelptoeachotherinagroup.B．Spidermonkeys’collectivecomputationisnotalwaysuseful.C．Theresearcherswilldoafurtherstudyaboutspidermonkeys.D．Birdsalsousecollectivecomputationwhentheyformgroups.ThefamousFrenchbeautycompanyL’Orealhaspromisedthatby2030,95percentofitsingredientswillcomefromrenewableplantsourcesandberespectfuloftheenvironment.Askedwhatisdrivingthebeautyindustrytocleanandgreenbeauty,LaurentGilbert,oneofL’Oreal’sdirectorssaid,“Naturalsciencehasmadeprogressinthepastyears,sothatwecanchangetonaturalingredients.”L’OrealsaysitwilldrawonrecentdevelopmentsinGreenSciencestogetthebestthatnaturehastoofferthroughtechnology.Uptonow,80percentoftheGroup’smaterialshavebeeneasilybiodegradable,59percenthavebeenrenewable,and34percenthavebeennaturalorofnaturalorigin.And29percentoftheingredientsusedintheirproductsweredevelopedfollowingtherulesofGreenChemistry.“Wehavealreadyusedactiveingredientswhichareplant-based.Thewaywearegettingandproducingingredientswillchange.Forexample,wearenowfullygettingvitaminCfrombiotechnologyprocesses,whichwasnotthecaseinthepast,”Gilbertadded.Aspartoftheirsustainabilityprogram,thebrandhadalsopromisedtouselessplastic.Itsaid,“By2030,100percentoftheplasticsusedinL’Oreal’sproducts’packagingwillbefromrecycledsources.Wehaveastrongpolicytohelpreachthatgoal.Besidesmakingitrecycled,wearetryingtomovetoanewkindofpackaging.”“Allourpromisesareglobal.WehavetworesearchcentersinIndia,oneinBengaluruandoneinMumbai.Thosearereallyimportanttothosegoals.TheBengaluruoneisbeingspecializedinnaturalingredients.Itwillgivesupporttothischange,”saystheresearchcenter,whichwassetupinIndiain1994.Toachievetheseaims,L’OrealhasbroughtallofitsresourcesinGreenSciencetogether,includingrecentprogressinagriculturaleconomics,togetherwithnewdevelopmentsinbiotechnology,GreenChemistryandmodellingtools.TheGroupisalsobuildingstrongrelationshipswithuniversities,newcompaniesanditsownmaterialsupplies.27．WhatplaysanimportantroleinL’Oreal’sdecisiontochangeitsingredients?A．Thesupportfromthelocalgovernment. B．Thedevelopmentofnaturalscience.C．Thecallforsmartspendinghabits. D．Theresearchontargetmarkets.28．HowdoestheauthorshowL’Oreal’senvironmentaleffortsinParagraph2?A．Bylistingdata. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bytellingpersonalstories. D．Byshowingcausesandeffects.29．WhydoesL’Orealturntoanewpackagingmethod?A．Tobringconveniencetocustomers. B．Toavoiddamagetoitsproducts.C．Tocutthecostofpackaging. D．Toreduceplasticuse.30．WhatdoesL’Orealdotoreachitsgoals?A．Developnewresourcesandjoinhandswithdifferentgroups.B．Limitthenumberoffactoriesindevelopedcountries.C．Growmoreplantsandinviteplentyofprofessionals.D．Keepthetraditionalwayofproducingmaterials.評卷人得分三、七選五Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.____31____.Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.___32___.Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.____33____.Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●____34____.●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.__35__A．Usewords,notcompletesentences.B．Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C．Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D．Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E．youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F．Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G．First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.評卷人得分四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChristoJavacheff,whowasusuallyknownbyhisfirstname,wasborninBulgariain1935.In1959,hemethiswifeJeanne-ClaudeinParis.Together,thetwo____36____(form)astrongpartnership.Theyworkedasateamtocreatehugeartworks____37____(call)installations(現(xiàn)代雕塑裝置).Intheseinstallations,ChristoandJeanne-Claudeoftenchangedthewaybuildingsorlargeareasoflandlooked—akindofartknownas“l(fā)andart”.Theirartworkswereverylarge,____38____costalotofmoneytocreate.The____39____(artist)paidfortheprojectsthemselvesby____40____(sell)thedrawingstheymadeforeachinstallation.Manyprojectsseemedsounusualthatthecouplehadtoworkveryhard.Thoughthecouple’sworkswereknownas“l(fā)andart”,they____41____(place)onthewatermostofthetime.Mostoftheinstallationsonlystayedforafewweeksormonthsbeforebeingtakendown.Itmeantthattheylastedforashortperiodoftime.“Iamanartist,andIhavetobe____42____(courage).Myartworksallgoawaywhentheyare____43____(final)finished,”Christosaid.Christoalreadypassedaway.Butheleftbehind____44____artworldforeverchangedbythememoryofhishugeartworks.Hesurprisedtheworldagainandagain_____45_____hisimaginationandtheartworkshecreated.評卷人得分五、告知信/通知46．假如你是李華，你的加拿大筆友Harry上周寫信詢問你的體育愛好。請根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目及原因,如有益于身心健康，增強(qiáng)自信等。2.何時(shí)喜歡上這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),現(xiàn)在參加該運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況如何。3.詢問對方的體育愛好。注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右。（信的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。）2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearHarry,Iamgladtoreceiveyourletter._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua評卷人得分六、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子47．Iamlookingforwardtothe________(explore)ofthenature.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)48．Let’sargue________whethertogoswimminginthisweather.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)49．Myteacherwaswell________(organise)inclass.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)50．Robertwaseager________(talk)aboutlifeintheschool.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)51．Iwouldoppose_________(change)thelaw.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)52．Fireshaveburned________180,000acresoftimber.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)53．Somepatients________(actual)gotworseafterreceivingthetreatment.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)54．MyhusbandtrustsmeandIdon’tintend________(break)thattrust.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)55．Weshouldfocusallourattention________studyasaseniorhighstudent.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)56．Theprofessoriseasy________(approach),andalltheyoungteachersliketoaskforadvicefromhim.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）57．Ifyouarehonestallthetime,you’llbetrustedand________(respect)byothers.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)58．EverytimeIfailmyexamandbegintoloseheart,thesightofmymottoinspiresmetohavemuch________(confident).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)59．Itend________(have)adifferentanswer,dependingonthefamily.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)60．Herendless________(patient)madeherthebestnurseinthehospital.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)61．Thepoliceisanxious________(hear)fromanyonewhomayknowher.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁參考答案：1．C2．B3．D4．A5．B6．A7．C8．D9．A10．B11．D12．D13．A14．D15．B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者與丈夫在節(jié)日和紀(jì)念日上都會(huì)互相寫信交換，作者將這些珍貴的信都寫在日記里，而在他們第十八個(gè)紀(jì)念日時(shí)卻意外丟失了日記本，作者失落無比但從未放棄過找回的希望。有一天一對陌生夫婦前來歸還了作者的日記，這讓作者感慨萬分。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這一次我感到了一種失落感。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.excitement興奮；C.loss失落；D.fear恐懼。由下文的“Ialwayswantedtohavebackthosenineyearsofletters!”可知，作者在一次野營時(shí)丟失了日記（里面有信），因此感到失落，也因此忍不住去想她的日記。故選C項(xiàng)。2．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：對于生日和周年紀(jì)念日，阿德萊和我沒有給對方發(fā)我們不感興趣的卡片，而是寫信給對方。A.apartfrom除了；B.insteadof而不是；C.regardlessof不管；D.asfor至于。由下文的“AdlaiandIwroteletters”可知，作者和丈夫在節(jié)日時(shí)會(huì)互相寫信，而不是贈(zèng)送賀卡。故選B項(xiàng)。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：徒步旅行后，我們回來交換信件。A.send派；B.discuss討論；C.spread擴(kuò)散；D.exchange交換。由上文的“AdlaiandIwroteletters”可知，作者和丈夫有在節(jié)日贈(zèng)送信的習(xí)慣，可得出二人正是要在第18個(gè)紀(jì)念日上交換信件。故選D項(xiàng)。4．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但營地被熊破壞了了。A.destroyed摧毀、破壞；B.watched看；C.locked鎖；D.examined檢查。由下文的“byabear.Ourtentfelldown.”可知，營地帳篷也倒了，可得出營地是被一頭熊給破壞了。故選A項(xiàng)。5．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，我的日記丟了。A.waiting等待；B.missing丟失；C.appearing出現(xiàn)；D.dropping掉落。由下文的“Wesearchedforhours”和“Ialwayswantedtohavebackthosenineyearsofletters!”可知，作者想要日記（里面有信）回到自己身邊，說明日記丟了。故選B項(xiàng)。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們找了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，但結(jié)果讓人絕望。A.hopeless絕望的；B.successful成功的；C.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；D.safe安全的。由上文的“Wesearchedforhours,but”可知，從該句but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯以及后文可知，丟失的日記并沒有找到，這個(gè)結(jié)果顯然是讓作者感到絕望的。故選A項(xiàng)。7．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我從未放棄。A.gotaway離開；B.setout動(dòng)身；C.gaveup放棄；D.cameback回來。由下文的“Ialwayswantedtohavebackthosenineyearsofletters!”可知，作者一直想找回那九年的信件，從作者表達(dá)的決心不難看出，作者沒有放棄過找回日記。故選C項(xiàng)。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)陌生人和阿德萊站在院子里。A.friends朋友；B.customers顧客；C.relatives親戚；D.strangers陌生人。由下文的“Thewomanandherhusband”可知，是一對夫妻撿到了作者的日記前來歸還，他們對于作者來說是陌生人。故選D項(xiàng)。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周前，這名婦女和她的丈夫在灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了它。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.hidden躲藏；C.returned回來；D.passed經(jīng)過。由“intheunderbrush”可知，該句描述的是陌生夫婦發(fā)現(xiàn)作者日記本的過程。故選A項(xiàng)。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她讀我的情書時(shí)很感動(dòng)。A.satisfied滿意的；B.moved感動(dòng)的；C.tired疲倦的；D.scared害怕的。由下文的“whenreadingmyloveletters”和常識(shí)可知，讀了作者和丈夫多年來互相傳遞的愛意滿滿的信件，應(yīng)該會(huì)為這真摯的感情而感動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。11．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位女士說：“我們只有你的名字，所以很難找到你。幸運(yùn)的是，我們成功了?！盇.easy簡單的；B.interesting有趣的；C.boring無聊的；D.difficult困難的。該句是so引導(dǎo)的表因果關(guān)系的句子，上文的原因“Weonlyhaveyourfirstnames”指出陌生夫婦只知道作者的名字（不知道姓氏），這無疑會(huì)使得尋找失主變得困難。故選D項(xiàng)。12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他們的努力，我可以再次擁抱我的日記。A.needs需要；B.experiments實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.projects項(xiàng)目；D.efforts努力。根據(jù)“Icouldhugmyjournalagain.”可知，顯然指歸還日記的陌生夫婦，而作者能拿回日記正是他們付出努力的結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：世界上總有人對別人表示善意。A.kindness善意；B.understanding理解；C.encouragement鼓勵(lì)；D.protection保護(hù)。本段是作者對日記失而復(fù)得經(jīng)歷的感想，這里要表達(dá)的就是世界上有很多像歸還他們?nèi)沼浀哪吧驄D這樣的善良之人，對別人表示善意。故選A項(xiàng)。14．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦所做的并不一定會(huì)改變我們的生活，但肯定會(huì)改變我們對生活的感受。A.partly部分地；B.equally平等地；C.secretly秘密地；D.necessarily必要地。根據(jù)“butitcancertainlychangethewaywe______aboutlife”可知，該句要表達(dá)的是那對陌生夫婦歸還日記雖然不會(huì)對作者的生活有實(shí)質(zhì)性的影響和改變，但改變了他們對生活的態(tài)度、懂得了善良的可貴，notnecessarily意為“未必、不一定”。故選D項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦所做的并不一定會(huì)改變我們的生活，但肯定會(huì)改變我們對生活的感受。A.talk談話；B.feel感覺；C.plan計(jì)劃；D.complain抱怨。總覽整句以及but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯可知，該句要表達(dá)的是那對陌生夫婦歸還日記雖然不會(huì)對作者的生活有實(shí)質(zhì)性的影響和改變，但這些好心人的存在改變了他們對生活的感受和態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。16．B17．C18．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)適合女性獨(dú)自旅游的地方，包括新西蘭、冰島、哥斯達(dá)黎加和巴拿馬、阿拉斯加。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Iceland中的“InIceland,youcantraveltodifferentfarmstoexperiencelifethere…（在冰島，你可以去不同的農(nóng)場體驗(yàn)?zāi)抢锏纳睿笨芍?，在Iceland，游客可以到農(nóng)場上體驗(yàn)生活。故選B項(xiàng)。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段CostaRicaandPanama中的“Therearelotsofadventureactivitiesforactivewomenwholikehiking,whitewaterraftingandevenbungeejumping.”（對于喜歡徒步旅行、白水漂流甚至蹦極的活躍女性來說，有很多冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)）可知，喜歡極限運(yùn)動(dòng)的人可以去CostaRicaandPanama。故選C項(xiàng)。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Alaska中的“PlantoflytoAnchorageandtheneitherrentacarortakeatraintotravelaroundotherpartsofthestate,suchastheKenaiPeninsulaorSeward.（計(jì)劃飛往安克雷奇，然后租車或坐火車到該州的其他地方旅行，如基奈半島或蘇厄德）”可知，作者建議租一輛汽車或者乘火車游覽Seward。故選D項(xiàng)。19．A20．C21．B22．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了沙灘排球的歷史。19．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第三段中“Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.(這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)起源于20世紀(jì)20年代南加州海灘上的一項(xiàng)四人比賽)”以及“Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamslookpart.(沙灘排球在世界范圍內(nèi)的受歡迎程度為它在1996年亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會(huì)上贏得了一席之地，當(dāng)時(shí)有24支男隊(duì)和16支女隊(duì)參加了奧運(yùn)會(huì))”等內(nèi)容可知，本文主要關(guān)于沙灘排球的歷史的。故選A項(xiàng)。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.(這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)起源于20世紀(jì)20年代南加州海灘上的一項(xiàng)四人比賽)”可知，沙灘排球起源于南加州的海灘。故選C項(xiàng)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamstookpart.(沙灘排球在世界范圍內(nèi)的受歡迎程度為它在1996年亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會(huì)上贏得了一席之地，當(dāng)時(shí)有24支男隊(duì)和16支女隊(duì)參加了奧運(yùn)會(huì))”可知，沙灘排球在1996年正式成為奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThegamecametoChinaintheearly1990sandtherehavebeennationaltournamentssince1994.(這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)于上世紀(jì)90年代初傳入中國，從1994年開始就有了全國性的比賽)”可知，20世紀(jì)90年代初沙灘排球傳入中國。故選D項(xiàng)。23．B24．C25．A26．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹蜘蛛猴的生活習(xí)性和群體特點(diǎn)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Instead,eachmonkeydecideswhichgrouptojoinandwhentomovetoanothergroup.Theresult,sayresearchers,isthatthemonkeysarecollectivelycomputinggoodteamsizesgiventheavailability(可獲性)offoodintheforest.（相反，每只蜘蛛猴決定加入哪個(gè)群體，何時(shí)搬到另一個(gè)群體。研究人員說，結(jié)果是，由于森林中食物的可用性，蜘蛛猴們都在一起計(jì)算良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)模）”，可知，生活在PuntaLaguna附近的蜘蛛猴與典型的猴子不同的是它們的團(tuán)隊(duì)的規(guī)模由它們各自決定。故選B。24．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Typically,theolderfemalesleadtherestoftheyoungermonkeys,（一般來說，年長的母猴會(huì)帶領(lǐng)其他年輕的猴子）”，由此可知，母猴有最終決策權(quán)。所以劃線部分的意思是“做出最終決定”。故選C。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Theirstudyfoundthatthemonkeys’decisionswereinfluencedbythedecisionsoftheothermonkeysontheteam.Theywouldfeelouttheirteammatesaboutthebestsizeandthenmaketheirowndecisionsaccordingly.（他們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，猴子的決定受到了團(tuán)隊(duì)中其他猴子的決定的影響。它們會(huì)讓隊(duì)友覺得自己最好的規(guī)模，然后做出相應(yīng)的決定）”，由此可知，隊(duì)友選擇可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一只蜘蛛猴離開它的團(tuán)隊(duì)。故選A。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theresearcherssaidthatcollectivelycomputedsizesweresometimesnotaperfectmatchbasedonthefoodthatwasavailable.（研究人員說,總體上計(jì)算的規(guī)模有時(shí)不是基于食物的完美匹配）”，從最后一段可知，蜘蛛猴的集體計(jì)算并不總是有用的。故選B。27．B28．A29．D30．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。法國著名化妝品公司歐萊雅承諾，到2030年，其95%的原料將來自可再生植物資源，并尊重環(huán)境。歐萊雅高層解釋了這一舉措背后的原因以及該品牌在可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路上所做出的努力。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Askedwhatisdrivingthebeautyindustrytocleanandgreenbeauty,LaurentGilbert,oneofL’Oreal’sdirectorssaid,“Naturalsciencehasmadeprogressinthepastyears,sothatwecanchangetonaturalingredients.”(被問及是什么推動(dòng)美容行業(yè)清潔和綠色美容時(shí)，歐萊雅董事之一LaurentGilbert說：“自然科學(xué)在過去幾年取得了進(jìn)步，所以我們可以使用天然成分。”)”可知，歐萊雅決定改變其成分的重要原因是自然科學(xué)的發(fā)展。故選B。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“L’OrealsaysitwilldrawonrecentdevelopmentsinGreenSciencestogetthebestthatnaturehastoofferthroughtechnology.Uptonow,80percentoftheGroup’smaterialshavebeeneasilybiodegradable,59percenthavebeenrenewable,and34percenthavebeennaturalorofnaturalorigin.And29percentoftheingredientsusedintheirproductsweredevelopedfollowingtherulesofGreenChemistry.(歐萊雅表示，它將利用綠色科學(xué)的最新發(fā)展，通過技術(shù)獲得大自然提供的最好的東西。到目前為止，該集團(tuán)80%的材料是容易生物降解的，59%是可再生的，34%是天然或天然來源的。他們產(chǎn)品中29%的成分是按照綠色化學(xué)的規(guī)則開發(fā)的)”可知，在第二段，作者通過列出數(shù)據(jù)展示歐萊雅在環(huán)境方面的努力。故選A。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Aspartoftheirsustainabilityprogram,thebrandhadalsopromisedtouselessplastic.Itsaid,“By2030,100percentoftheplasticsusedinL’Oreal’sproducts’packagingwillbefromrecycledsources.Wehaveastrongpolicytohelpreachthatgoal.Besidesmakingitrecycled,wearetryingtomovetoanewkindofpackaging.”(作為可持續(xù)發(fā)展計(jì)劃的一部分，該品牌還承諾減少使用塑料。該公司表示：“到2030年，歐萊雅產(chǎn)品包裝中使用的塑料將100%來自回收資源。我們有強(qiáng)有力的政策來幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。除了讓它被回收，我們正試圖轉(zhuǎn)向一種新的包裝方式?！?”可知，歐萊雅轉(zhuǎn)向一種新的包裝方法是為了減少塑料的使用。故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toachievetheseaims,L’OrealhasbroughtallofitsresourcesinGreenSciencetogether,includingrecentprogressinagriculturaleconomics,togetherwithnewdevelopmentsinbiotechnology,GreenChemistryandmodellingtools.TheGroupisalsobuildingstrongrelationshipswithuniversities,newcompaniesanditsownmaterialsupplies.(為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)，歐萊雅匯集了綠色科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的所有資源，包括農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的最新進(jìn)展，以及生物技術(shù)、綠色化學(xué)和建模工具方面的新發(fā)展。該集團(tuán)還與大學(xué)、新公司和自己的材料供應(yīng)商建立了牢固的關(guān)系)”可知，歐萊雅通過開發(fā)新資源，與不同的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，來實(shí)現(xiàn)其目標(biāo)。故選A。31．G32．E33．F34．A35．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。記好筆記對一個(gè)學(xué)生的重要性，短文介紹了一些做筆記的辦法。31．根據(jù)下一句“Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.”（第二，當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備考試時(shí)，你的筆記是很好的參考材料。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與講述第一點(diǎn)辦法有關(guān)，與下一句為并列關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)G“首先，把東西寫下來這個(gè)簡單的行為讓你更容易理解和記住它?！盕irst對應(yīng)Sceondh和Third,符合題意。故選G。32．根據(jù)上一句“Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.”（你需要在課堂討論、閱讀課本或?yàn)閳?bào)告做研究時(shí)做筆記。）可知，此處內(nèi)容要說要開發(fā)自己記筆記的方法，選項(xiàng)E“你還需要發(fā)展自己的記筆記的方法?！盿lso是對上一句的進(jìn)一步說明。符合題意。故選E。33．根據(jù)上一句“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.”（無論何時(shí)或以何種方式記筆記，請記住記筆記是一個(gè)有選擇的過程。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與要有選擇性做筆記有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“這意味著你必須首先決定哪些內(nèi)容是重要的，應(yīng)該寫在你的筆記里?！眘electiveprocess對應(yīng)mustfirstdecide。符合題意。故選F。34．根據(jù)上一句“Writeyournotesinyourownwords.”（用自己的話做筆記。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與做筆記的辦法有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A“用單詞，不要用完整的句子。”符合題意。故選A。35．根據(jù)上一句“Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.”（當(dāng)你這樣做的時(shí)候，確保你理解你的符號(hào)，并且你一直在使用它們。）可知，此處內(nèi)容與沒理解和記住你使用的符號(hào)會(huì)造成的不良后果有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)D“否則，你可能無法在過后閱讀你的筆記?！狈项}意。故選D。36．formed37．called38．which39．a(chǎn)rtists40．selling41．wereplaced42．courageous43．finally44．a(chǎn)n45．with【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了藝術(shù)家ChristoJavacheff和其妻子Jeanne-Claude共同創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)理念和藝術(shù)作品。36．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：兩人共同形成了牢固的伙伴關(guān)系。結(jié)合全文以一般過去時(shí)為主，該空謂語動(dòng)詞form也用一般過去時(shí)。故填formed。37．考查過去分詞。句意：他們作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)作了被稱為現(xiàn)代雕塑裝置的巨大藝術(shù)品。本句已有謂語worked且無連詞，動(dòng)詞call用非謂語形式，邏輯主語hugeartworks與動(dòng)詞call是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，call用過去分詞表被動(dòng)，做后