河南省許昌市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期2月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省許昌市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期2月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Vegetables.B.Orangejuice.C.Anemployee.2.WhatisPatwearing?A.Awhitehat.B.Awhiteshirt.C.Abrownshirt.3.Whatdidthemanborrowfromthewoman?A.HeriPhone.B.HeriPod.C.Hergymbag.4.Whowillthemancall?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Ataxi.5.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shewaslateforschool.B.Shegotlostwhiledriving.C.Shecouldn’tfindaparkingspot.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpuppies?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyneedshots.C.Theyeatvegetables.7.Whatdoestheboyoffertodo?A.Buildahouseforthepuppy.B.Takegoodcareofthepuppy.C.Givethepuppysomeofhisfood.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanwantthedooroiled?A.It’sveryold.B.It’shardtoopen.C.Itmakestoomuchnoise.9.Whendoesthewomanusuallycomehome?A.Lateatnight.B.Inthemiddleoftheday.C.Earlyinthemorning.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanexpectfortheyear?A.It’llbefun.B.It’llbedifficult.C.It’llbeeasy.11.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.MajorinEnglish.B.Volunteeratthezoo.C.Attendmedicalschool.12.Howoftenwillthewomanbevolunteering?A.Everyday.B.Everyweekend.C.Threedaysaweek.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whodidthewomanjustmeet?A.Apsychologist.B.Herdoctor.C.Oneofherfriends.14.Whatmightbethecauseofthewoman’ssleepingproblems?A.Anxiety.B.Toomuchwork.C.Thepillsshetakes.15.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Exercisingoutdoors.B.Talkingmoreoftentoothers.C.Notusingthecomputerforawhile.16.Whendoesthemanusuallyfallasleep?A.At8pm.B.At9pm.C.At10pm.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendidthestormstart?A.Thismorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Lastnight.18.Whohasbeenrescuedbyboat?A.Peoplelivinginlowareas.B.Peoplelivingnearthehills.C.Peoplelivingneartheocean.19.Howmanypeoplearewithoutpower?A.Thousands.B.Hundreds.C.Several.20.WhatdoestheWeatherServicesuggestpeopledo?A.Notleavetheirhomes.B.Turnofftheirelectricity.C.Drivecarefullythroughwater.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBritishArtPrize2023Artists&IllustratorsisproudtoannouncethereturnoftheBritishArtPrize,amajorartcompetitionopentoartistsofalllevels.Allshortlisted(被列入候選名單的)artworkswillbeexhibitedataleadingLondongalleryinNovember2023.Shortlistedartistswillbeinvitedtoanopeningeveningreceptionalongsideartists,collectorsandotherVIPguests.PRIZBSTheBritishArtPrizehasfourfantasticprizes.Theyare:·FIRSTPRIZETheoverallwinneroftheBritishArtPrizewillreceivea￡3,000cashprize,aseven-nightluxuryAmaWaterwaysrivertripfortwoontheSeineworthover￡5,000,a￡250giftvoucher(禮券)fromRosemary&.Co,andasixfeatureinafutureissueofArtists&Illustrators.·SECONDPRIZEA￡500cashprize,aDerwentLightfastWoodenBox,aLightfastPaperPad(togetherworth￡520)andinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·THIRDPRIZEA￡500cashprizeandinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·PEOPLE’SCHOICEAWARDA￡1,000cashprize,aPegasusArtvoucherworth￡500andafeatureintheJanuary2024issueofArtists&Illustrators.HOWTOENTERSimplyvisitartistsandillustrators.co.uk/britishartprizeandfillouttheonlineform.Attachdigitalphotographsofyourartworkswhenrequestedandclickthe“submit”buttontocompleteyourentry.Theentryfeeforthefirstartworkis￡18and￡15foranyadditionalartwork.SELECTIONPROCESSSubmissionscloseat5p.m.onFriday,4thAugust.Ourjudgeswillselectashortlistof50artworks,includingthethreetopprizewinners.ThePeople’sChoiceAwardwillbedecidedbyapublicvote.TheBritishArtPrize2023shortlistwillbeannouncedonlineonSaturday,30thSeptemberandintheNovemberissueofArtists&Illustrators.1.Whenwilltheshortlistedartworksbeexhibited?A.InAugust2023. B.InSeptember2023.C.InNovember2023. D.InJanuary2024.2.Whichprize’swinnerwillbeprovidedwithavoyage?A.FirstPrize. B.SecondPrize.C.ThirdPrize. D.People’sChoiceAward.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyousubmitthreeartworks?A.￡33. B.￡36. C.￡45. D.￡48.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2023年英國(guó)藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Allshortlisted(被列入候選名單的)artworkswillbeexhibitedataleadingLondongalleryinNovember2023.

(所有入圍作品將于2023年11月在倫敦一家知名畫(huà)廊展出。)”可知，所有入圍作品將于2023年11月在倫敦一家知名畫(huà)廊展出。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FIRSTPRIZE部分中“TheoverallwinneroftheBritishArtPrizewillreceivea￡3,000cashprize,aseven-nightluxuryAmaWaterwaysrivertripfortwoontheSeineworthover￡5,000(英國(guó)藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)的總冠軍將獲得3000英鎊的現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，以及價(jià)值超過(guò)5000英鎊的阿瑪水道塞納河七晚豪華雙人游)”可知，F(xiàn)IRSTPRIZE為獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咛峁┮淮温眯?。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HOWTOENTER部分中“Theentryfeeforthefirstartworkis￡18and￡15foranyadditionalartwork.(第一件作品的報(bào)名費(fèi)為18英鎊，其他作品的報(bào)名費(fèi)為15英鎊。)”可知，如果提交三件作品，第一件為18英鎊，第二件和第三件共計(jì)30英鎊，故一共為48英鎊。故選D。BFélix“Andarin”Carvajalwasabornrunner.Asaboy,hespenthischildhoodrunningupanddownnearbyhills.Yearslater,asapostman,Carvajalbecamewell-knowninthecityofHavana,andeventually,hebegantoputhisfametouse,seekingoutdonationssohemightrepresentCubaasamarathonrunneratthe1904SummerOlympicsinSt.Louis,Missouri.Atthetime,therewasnostatesupportforOlympicathletesinCuba.Butevenwiththemoney,Carvajalnearlydidn’tmakeitthere.HisjourneytotheGamestookhimfirsttoNewOrleans，wherehelostallthemoneyhehadsavedupforthetrip.Inaforeigncity,CarvajalbegantowalknorthupalongtheMississippiRivertoSt.Louis.Itwashundredsofmiles,butbetweenwalkingandhitching(搭便車)rides,hewasabletoreachSt.Louisintimeforhisevent.ItwasAugustinSt.LouisandCarvajalstoodinthestagingarea，hungryandoutofshapeandtired.Carvajaltookofftoacommandingearlyleaddespitethefactthathehadnoteatenfortwodays.Carvajalhadneverparticularlybelievedinpacinghimself.Carvajalwasmostlyself-trainedandhisideasaboutrunninghadalwaysbeenstraightforward:torunfarandrunfastandrununtilyoucan’tgoanymore.But26.2milesisalongdistance.Carvajalwasreportedtohavepickedandeatenfivegreenappleswhilerunningandbecamebadlyillwithastomachache.Miraculously,Carvajalmanagedtoreturntotheraceandfinishinfourthplace.The1904OlympicswasthepeakofCarvajal’sinternationalcareer.Butheremainedarunnerfortherestofhislife.At55yearsold,CarvajalrantheentirelengthofCubaalongthecountry’smainhighway,adistanceofnearly700miles.Towardtheendofhislife,heperformedashortrunningdemonstration.“ThisistoshowyouthatIstillrun,”hetoldthecrowd.4.WhatdidCarvajalusehisfametodo?A.Getajobasapostman.B.Inspiremorepeopletorun.C.SupportprofessionalathletesinCuba.D.RaisemoneyforhistriptotheOlympics.5.WhathappenedtoCarvajalaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Helostallhismoney. B.Hegotlostinaforeigncity.C.HetraveledroundNewOrleans. D.HewalkedtotheMississippiRiver.6.WhatdidCarvajalbelievein?A.Keepingpacewithmostrunners.B.Runningfastfromthebeginning.C.Speedingupinthemiddleofarace.D.Runningatanaveragespeedallthrougharace.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Amanalwaysinneed. B.Amanbornformedals.C.Amanalwaysonthemove. D.Amandevotedtocharity.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)Carvajal，堅(jiān)持跑步的故事。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yearslater,asapostman,Carvajalbecamewell-knowninthecityofHavana,andeventually,hebegantoputhisfametouse,seekingoutdonationssohemightrepresentCubaasamarathonrunneratthe1904SummerOlympicsinSt.Louis,Missouri.Atthetime,therewasnostatesupportforOlympicathletesinCuba.”（多年以后，作為一名郵遞員，卡瓦哈爾在哈瓦那市聲名鵲起，最終，他開(kāi)始利用自己的名聲，尋求捐款，以便在密蘇里州圣路易斯的1904年夏季奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上代表古巴參加馬拉松比賽。當(dāng)時(shí)，古巴沒(méi)有國(guó)家對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的支持。）可知，在Carvajal出名后，Carvajal利用自己的名聲為自己能代表古巴參加1904年夏季奧林匹克尋求捐款。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butevenwiththemoney,Carvajalnearlydidn’tmakeitthere.HisjourneytotheGamestookhimfirsttoNewOrleans，wherehelostallthemoneyhehadsavedupforthetrip.”（但即使有了錢，卡瓦哈爾也差點(diǎn)沒(méi)能到達(dá)那里。他的奧運(yùn)之旅首先把他帶到了新奧爾良，在那里他失去了所有為這次旅行積攢的錢。）可知，在去參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)的途中——奧爾良，他失去了所有為這次旅行積攢的錢。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Carvajalwasmostlyself-trainedandhisideasaboutrunninghadalwaysbeenstraightforward:torunfarandrunfastandrununtilyoucan’tgoanymore.”（卡瓦哈爾基本上是自學(xué)成才，他對(duì)跑步的想法一直很直接:跑得遠(yuǎn)，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不動(dòng)為止。）可知，在Carvajal看來(lái)，跑步就是跑得遠(yuǎn)，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不動(dòng)為止。即他認(rèn)為從一開(kāi)始就要跑的快。故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章一開(kāi)始提到天生愛(ài)跑步的Carvajal在自己成名后，他利用自己的名聲為自己能代表古巴參加1904年夏季奧林匹克尋求捐款。隨后的內(nèi)容提到了他在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了第四名的成績(jī)，這成為了他運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯的巔峰，此后在他的余生中，他一直是一名跑步者。55歲時(shí)，Carvajal跑完了整個(gè)古巴，直至他生命的最后，他依舊做了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的跑步演示。告訴人們，他還在跑步，所以文章的標(biāo)題可以為“一直在跑步的人”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C。C400milliontonsofplasticaregeneratedannually,mostofwhichcomesfromsingle-useplasticWhilecountriesaremakingprogressinreducingthiswastethroughpaperbagsandstraws,therearestillapplicationswherethepropertiesofplasticarenecessary.Transparent(透明的)woodisanalternativeforsuchapplicationsandishighlypreferredsinceitpreventstheharmofpetroleum-derived(石油衍生的)plasticproducts.GermanscientistSiegfriedFinkfirstcreatedtransparentwoodintheyear1992,andoverthepastthreedecadesithasbeensignificantlyimprovedbyotherresearchersaswell.Initsnaturalform,woodisnottransparent.However,researchershavefoundthatremovinglignin,anaturallyoccurringbiopolymerthatprovidesstructuralsupportfortheplanttissue,canmakeittransparent.Todoso,thewoodissoakedinawarmsolutionconsistingofmultiplechemicals,followedbyboilingitinanothersolution.Thisremovesthelignincompletelyandturnsthewoodwhite.However,thespacethatwasoccupiedbyligninneedstobefilleduptomaintainstructuralintegrity.Thisprocessisdonebyusingaresin(樹(shù)脂)atatemperatureof185Fahrenheit(85℃).Thefinalproductcanhaveasmuchas90transparency,anditdoesn’tbreakeasily.Moreimportantly,itismorebiodegradablethanglassorplastic.Whiletransparentwoodisn’tcommercialyet,ithasbeenemployedinawidevarietyofapplicationsrangingfromconstructiontoenergystorage,makingflexibleelectronicsandpackaging.TheresearchersattheIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT)conductedalife-cycleanalysis(LCA)oftransparentwoodtodeterminetheenvironmentalimpactofitsproductionandend-of-life(EOL)cycle.Thestudyfoundthatusinghydrogenperoxidefordelignification,followedbyusingepoxyforinfiltration,wasthemosteco-friendly.Whenscaledupforindustrialproduction,theformermethodwouldlowerelectricityconsumptionbyasmuchas98.8percent.EOLanalysisshowedthattransparentwoodhadareducedecologicalimpactcomparedtopolyethylene(聚乙烯),pavingthewayforittobecommerciallyadaptedtoreplacethepetroleum-basedmaterial.8.Whyistransparentwoodpreferredcomparedtoplastic?A.Itiseasiertomake. B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itcanbeusedlonger. D.Itcanbeusedrepeatedly.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenaturalformofwood. B.Theimportanceofchemicals.C.Howtransparentwoodismade. D.Howligninkeepswoodstrong.10.WhatdidtheresearchersatIITfindabouttransparentwood?A.Itcanberecycled.B.Itwillreplaceplasticsoon.C.Themosteco-friendlywaytoproduceit.D.Potentialdamagecausedbyittotheenvironment.11.Whatcanbeexpectedoftransparentwood’smarketing?A.Promising. B.Difficult. C.Profitable. D.Uncertain.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹的是透明木材的制作和優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Transparent(透明的)woodisanalternativeforsuchapplicationsandishighlypreferredsinceitpreventstheharmofpetroleum-derived(石油衍生的)plasticproducts.(透明木材是這種應(yīng)用的替代品，由于它可以防止石油衍生塑料產(chǎn)品的危害，因此非常受歡迎)”可知，透明木材比塑料更受歡迎，因?yàn)樗黔h(huán)保的。故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“Todoso,thewoodissoakedinawarmsolutionconsistingofmultiplechemicals,followedbyboilingitinanothersolution.Thisremovesthelignincompletelyandturnsthewoodwhite.However,thespacethatwasoccupiedbyligninneedstobefilleduptomaintainstructuralintegrity.Thisprocessisdonebyusingaresin(樹(shù)脂)atatemperatureof185Fahrenheit(85℃).(為此，將木材浸泡在含有多種化學(xué)物質(zhì)的溫溶液中，然后在另一種溶液中煮沸。這樣可以完全去除木質(zhì)素，使木材變成白色。然而，木質(zhì)素所占據(jù)的空間需要被填滿，以保持結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。這個(gè)過(guò)程是通過(guò)在185華氏度（85℃）的溫度下使用樹(shù)脂來(lái)完成的)”可知，第三段主要講的是透明木材是如何制成的。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Thestudyfoundthatusinghydrogenperoxidefordelignification,followedbyusingepoxyforinfiltration,wasthemosteco-friendly.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用雙氧水去木質(zhì)素，其次使用環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂滲透，是最環(huán)保的)”可知，IIT的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)透明木材最環(huán)保的生產(chǎn)方式。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“EOLanalysisshowedthattransparentwoodhadareducedecologicalimpactcomparedtopolyethylene,pavingthewayforittobecommerciallyadaptedtoreplacethepetroleum-basedmaterial.(EOL分析表明，與聚乙烯相比，透明木材對(duì)生態(tài)的影響更小，為其在商業(yè)上取代石油基材料鋪平了道路)”可推知，透明木材是有前途的。故選A。DThefruit-treepinholeborer(針孔蛀蟲(chóng)),asitsnameimplies,makesholesinfruittrees.Itlaysitseggsandraisesitsyounginthegalleriesthuscreated.Yetthebeetles(甲蟲(chóng))donotfeeddirectlyonthewoodtheyboreinto.Instead,theydevourfungi(真菌)thatgrowonthewoodthusexposed.Researchershavelongsuspectedthatthisisaformoffarming,becausetheyhaveevidencethatthebeetlescarryspores(孢子)oftheirpreferredcrop,R.sulphurea,intotheirsmallholdings—ineffect,sowingitthere.Observationsofnaturalfruit-treepinhole-borerdwellingssuggestthatR.sulphureagrowsinthemmoreabundantly(大量地)thanmightbeexpected,givenallthefungalcompetitionaround—butnotwhy.Tocheckwhetherthebeetlesare,indeed,weedingtheircrop,JaninaDiehlandPeterBiedermannoftheUniversityofFreiburgdidanexperiment.Inthelaboratory,theyhadmotherbeetlesofthelittlewoodborerestablishnests,inwhichthetypicalfungalgardensformed.Butbeforethebeetleshadstartedlayingtheireggs,theycollectedallofthebeetlesandthenreturnedhalftotheirdwellingswhileleavingtheothernestsempty.Geneticanalysisofthefungalgardensafter40daysshowedthatthepresenceofthebeetleshadgreatlychangedthefungalcommunity.Twentydaysafterthat,theysampledthegallerywallsforfungi.Astheyhadhopedandexpected,R.sulphureawasmuchmoreabundantinbeetle-tendedgalleriesthaninthosewithoutresidents.Intheformer,itmadeuphalfofthefungalmassextracted.Inthelatter,lessthanathird.Thesebeetlesareindeedweedingtheircrop.“Furtherresearchintohowexactlythebeetlessuppressthegrowthofweedfungicouldalsoprovideworthwhileinsightsforhumanagriculture,whichisstrugglingwithweedresistance,forexample,”saysBiedermann.“It’shighlyexcitingforustoseehownaturehasbeendoingthisfor60millionyears.Wehumanscanstilllearnsomethingfromthesemechanisms.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devour”inparagraph1mean?A.Sow. B.Tend. C.Eat. D.Move.13.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsofnestsdifferent?A.Thenumberofthemotherbeetles. B.Thepresenceofthebeetles.C.Thequalityoffoodfungi. D.Thetypesofweedfungi.14.WhatdidDiehlfindaboutthefruit-treepinholeborer?A.Theyweedcrops. B.Theyfeedonfruit.C.Theyliveingroups. D.Theylayeggsintrees.15.WhatcanbelearnedfromBiedermann’swords?A.Theresearchfindingsareoflittlevalue.B.Measuresshouldbetakentoprotectthebeetles.C.Fungicausemuchdamagetohumanagriculture.D.Furtherresearchtothebeetlesmightbenefitfarmers.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了弗萊堡大學(xué)的JaninaDiehl和PeterBiedermann做了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，表明甲蟲(chóng)可以幫助除草?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Yetthebeetles(甲蟲(chóng))donotfeeddirectlyonthewoodtheyboreinto.(然而，甲蟲(chóng)并不直接以它們鉆進(jìn)的木頭為食。)”和“Instead(相反)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子意為：它們會(huì)吞食生長(zhǎng)在暴露在外的木頭上的真菌。由此可知，devour意為“吞食，吞吃”。故選C。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butbeforethebeetleshadstartedlayingtheireggs,theycollectedallofthebeetlesandthenreturnedhalftotheirdwellingswhileleavingtheothernestsempty.Geneticanalysisofthefungalgardensafter40daysshowedthatthepresenceofthebeetleshadgreatlychangedthefungalcommunity.(但是在甲蟲(chóng)開(kāi)始產(chǎn)卵之前，他們收集了所有的甲蟲(chóng)，然后把一半的甲蟲(chóng)送回它們的住所，而把其他的巢穴空著。40天后對(duì)真菌園的遺傳分析表明，甲蟲(chóng)的存在極大地改變了真菌群落。)”可知，兩組巢穴在甲蟲(chóng)的存在方面是不同的。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Tocheckwhetherthebeetlesare,indeed,weedingtheircrop,JaninaDiehlandPeterBiedermannoftheUniversityofFreiburgdidanexperiment.(為了驗(yàn)證甲蟲(chóng)是否真的在給它們的作物除草，弗萊堡大學(xué)的JaninaDiehl和PeterBiedermann做了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。)”和文章第五段“Thesebeetlesareindeedweedingtheircrop.(這些甲蟲(chóng)確實(shí)在除草。)”可知，Diehl發(fā)現(xiàn)針孔蛀蟲(chóng)給莊稼除草。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Furtherresearchintohowexactlythebeetlessuppressthegrowthofweedfungicouldalsoprovideworthwhileinsightsforhumanagriculture,whichisstrugglingwithweedresistance,forexample,”saysBiedermann.(“進(jìn)一步研究甲蟲(chóng)如何抑制雜草真菌的生長(zhǎng)，也可以為人類農(nóng)業(yè)提供有價(jià)值的見(jiàn)解，例如，人類農(nóng)業(yè)正與雜草抗性作斗爭(zhēng)，”Biedermann說(shuō)。)”可知，從Biedermann的話中我們可以了解到對(duì)甲蟲(chóng)的進(jìn)一步研究可能會(huì)使農(nóng)民受益。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AvoidinglonelinessItdoesn’tfollowthatyou’relonelyjustbecauseyoulivealone,butthere’sevidencethatitcanaffectyourhealth,increasingyourriskofheartdisease,cancer,andmentalhealthproblems.____16____.Acknowledgingitandtryingtounderstandwhat’scausingyoutofeelthatwayisthefirststeptodoingsomethingaboutit.____17____.InsteadofwatchingTVorcheckingyourphone,goforawalkandchatwithsomeone.Betterstill,offertotakeaneighbor’sdogforawalk—dogownersloveother’dog’people!Buildyourcommunityonline.Theinternethasthepotentialtobringlike-mindedpeopletogether.____18____.TryaneighbourhoodapplikeNextDoororNearcircles.Youmaytakepartinafitnesscommunity(groupworkoutsorarunningclub),aworkcommunity(co-workingspace),orahobbycommunity(awriters’meetup).Yourlocallibrarywillalsobeabletohelpyoufindactivitiesandwhat’sonnearhome.Pickupthephone.Ormakeavideocall.Don’twaitforfamilyandfriendstomakethefirstmove;getintouchforachatandmakeitahabit.Getinvolved.____19____.Helpingoutatthelocalfoodbankorcharityshopwillnotonlygiveyouawarm,happyfeeling,butyou’llalsogettomeetothervolunteers—anditwillgiveyousomethingtotalkaboutwithfriends.Planahead.Everyone’sbusy,sogettingpeopletogethercantakeorganisationandmotivation.____20____.A.MaketimeforpeopleB.TalkaboutyourfeelingsC.So,ifattimesyoufeellonesome,don’tignoreitD.Don’tbeembarrassedatthecausesofyourlonelinessE.However,itneedstotranslateintomeetingupinreallifeF.Ratherthanunclearlysuggestingmeetingup,followupquicklywithaproposeddateG.Volunteeringisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth,andallowsyoutoconnectwithpeople【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了避免孤獨(dú)的策略?！?6題詳析】由上文“Itdoesn’tfollowthatyou’relonelyjustbecauseyoulivealone,butthere’sevidencethatitcanaffectyourhealth,increasingyourriskofheartdisease,cancer,andmentalhealthproblems.(這并不意味著你孤獨(dú)只是因?yàn)槟悛?dú)自生活，但有證據(jù)表明它會(huì)影響你的健康，增加你患心臟病、癌癥和精神健康問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，要重視孤獨(dú)，故C選項(xiàng)“So,ifattimesyoufeellonesome,don’tignoreit(所以，如果你有時(shí)感到孤獨(dú)，不要忽視它)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳析】由下文“InsteadofwatchingTVorcheckingyourphone,goforawalkandchatwithsomeone.Betterstill,offertotakeaneighbor’sdogforawalk—dogownersloveother’dog’people!(與其看電視或看手機(jī)，不如出去走走，找人聊聊天。更好的辦法是，主動(dòng)幫鄰居遛狗，因?yàn)橹魅讼矚g其他“狗”人！)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“幫助人們”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項(xiàng)“Maketimeforpeople(為人們騰出時(shí)間)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳析】由上文“Buildyourcommunityonline.Theinternethasthepotentialtobringlike-mindedpeopletogether.(建立你的在線社區(qū)?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)有可能把志趣相投的人聚集在一起。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項(xiàng)“However,itneedstotranslateintomeetingupinreallife(然而，它需要轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的會(huì)面)”能與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，強(qiáng)調(diào)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中建立的關(guān)系需要轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)中的會(huì)面，符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳析】由下文“Helpingoutatthelocalfoodbankorcharityshopwillnotonlygiveyouawarm,happyfeeling,butyou’llalsogettomeetothervolunteers—anditwillgiveyousomethingtotalkaboutwithfriends.(在當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行或慈善商店幫忙不僅會(huì)給你一種溫暖、快樂(lè)的感覺(jué)，而且你還會(huì)遇到其他志愿者——這將給你一些和朋友談?wù)摰脑掝}。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“志愿者”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項(xiàng)“Volunteeringisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth,andallowsyoutoconnectwithpeople(志愿服務(wù)有利于身心健康，并使你能夠與他人建立聯(lián)系)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選G。【20題詳析】由上文“Planahead.Everyone’sbusy,sogettingpeopletogethercantakeorganisationandmotivation.(提前計(jì)劃。每個(gè)人都很忙，所以把人們聚集在一起需要組織和動(dòng)力。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“計(jì)劃會(huì)面”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項(xiàng)“Ratherthanunclearlysuggestingmeetingup,followupquicklywithaproposeddate(與其含糊地建議會(huì)面，不如迅速跟進(jìn)擬定的日期)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Myfamilyalwayshadsomesortofanimalaround,butnoneofthemweretrulymine.Myparentsdidn’tpermitmeto____21____myownuntilIwassevenyearsold.Finally,Iwas____22____tohavemyown____23____,afishcalledGeorge.Isaiditwasmyresponsibilityto____24____it.EveryFridayIwouldcleanouthisbowl.Ifoundmyself____25____invitationstogosomewhereimmediatelyafterschool,becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.EverydayhewouldremindmethatIwas____26____andthatIhadsomeonedependingonme.Oneday,Icamehomefromschoolandheadedtomyroomto____27____George.Ifounda____28____thinghadhappened.I____29____mybagandranovertothebowl.IsawmybestfriendGeorgefloatingaroundlifeless.Mymomwalkedintomyroom.Iturnedaroundastearsstartedtowellinmyeyes.“Mommy,Georged…d…died.”Withthat_____30_____wordIstartedcryinguncontrollably.MymomcametomysideasIhidmyfaceinmypillows.Suddenly,IrealizedthatGeorgehadn’tjust_____31_____me.Hehadtaughtmewhat_____32_____meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.Thismademefeel_____33_____.Tomyseven-year-oldself,thiswasagreat_____34_____.Slowly,asmilecrossedmyface.Georgewasgone._____35_____,thelessonshetaughtmewouldforeverbecarvedintomymemory.21.A.draw B.imagine C.have D.share22.A.doubtful B.excited C.surprised D.afraid23.A.toy B.mind C.time D.pet24.A.takecareof B.makeuseof C.getholdof D.lookforwardto25.A.readingout B.puttingaway C.turningdown D.showingoff26.A.replaced B.recognized C.affected D.needed27.A.feed B.save C.impress D.find28.A.basic B.terrible C.funny D.familiar29.A.dropped B.emptied C.hid D.checked30.A.common B.last C.extra D.new31.A.left B.reminded C.defeated D.chosen32.A.preference B.independence C.difficulty D.responsibility33.A.safe B.good C.sorry D.tired34.A.agreement B.treatment C.disappointment D.achievement35.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.However D.Therefore【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在作者7歲的時(shí)候，媽媽給了他一個(gè)寵物，一條名為George的魚(yú)。作者覺(jué)得照顧好這條魚(yú)是他的責(zé)任。后來(lái)George死了，但是George教會(huì)了他什么叫責(zé)任?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母直到我七歲才允許我擁有自己的（寵物）。A.draw畫(huà)畫(huà)；B.imagine想象；C.have有；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文“Iwas________tohavemyown”可知，作者直到7歲才被允許擁有自己的寵物。故選C。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我很高興有了自己的寵物，一條叫喬治的魚(yú)。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.excited興奮的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Myfamilyalwayshadsomesortofanimalaround,butnoneofthemweretrulymine.”可知，作者一直沒(méi)有自己的寵物，現(xiàn)在有了，應(yīng)該是很興奮。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.toy玩具；B.mind思想；C.time時(shí)間；D.pet寵物。根據(jù)“afishcalledGeorge.”可知，這條叫George的魚(yú)是作者的寵物。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我說(shuō)過(guò)照顧好它是我的責(zé)任。A.takecareof照顧；B.makeuseof利用；C.getholdof抓??；D.lookforwardto期待。根據(jù)下文“EveryFridayIwouldcleanouthisbowl.”可知，作者覺(jué)得自己有責(zé)任照顧好這條魚(yú)。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)拒絕放學(xué)后馬上去某個(gè)地方的邀請(qǐng)，因?yàn)槲业孟任刽~(yú)。A.readingout大聲讀；B.puttingaway把……收起來(lái)；C.turningdown拒絕，調(diào)小；D.showingoff炫耀。根據(jù)“becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.”可知，因?yàn)橐刽~(yú)，作者拒絕了同學(xué)的邀請(qǐng)。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天他都會(huì)提醒我，有人需要我，有人在依靠著我。A.replaced代替；B.recognized識(shí)別；C.affected影響；D.needed需要。根據(jù)“thatIhadsomeonedependingonme.”可知，作者覺(jué)得George需要他。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我從學(xué)?；氐郊?，去我的房間喂喬治。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.save拯救；C.impress給……留下深刻印象；D.find找到。根據(jù)上文“Ifoundmyself________invitationstogosomewhereimmediatelyafterschool,becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.”可知，作者每天回家第一件事就是喂George。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了一件可怕的事情。A.basic基礎(chǔ)的；B.terrible可怕的；C.funny有趣的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)““Mommy,Georged…d…died.””可知，George死了，這對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)是一件可怕的事情。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我扔下包，跑到魚(yú)缸邊。A.dropped使落下；B.emptied倒空，騰空；C.hid隱藏；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)“Oneday,Icamehomefromschool”可知，此處指作者放下書(shū)包。故選A。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：說(shuō)完最后一個(gè)字，我不由自主地哭了起來(lái)。A.common普通的；B.last最后的；C.extra額外的；D.new新的。根據(jù)“Istartedcryinguncontrollably.”可知，這里是指作者哭之前說(shuō)完的最后一個(gè)字。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我意識(shí)到喬治并沒(méi)有離開(kāi)我。A.left離開(kāi)；B.reminded提醒；C.defeated打??；D.chosen選擇。根據(jù)下文“Hehadtaughtmewhat________meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.”可知，坐著覺(jué)得George沒(méi)有離開(kāi)自己。故選A。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他教會(huì)了我責(zé)任的意義。A.preference偏愛(ài)；B.independence獨(dú)立；C.difficulty困難；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)上文“Isaiditwasmyresponsibilityto________it.”可知，此處是信息詞responsibility的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我感覺(jué)很好。A.safe安全的；B.good好的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.tired勞累的。根據(jù)“Hehadtaughtmewhat________meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.”可知，作者覺(jué)得自己通過(guò)喂魚(yú)和清理魚(yú)缸學(xué)會(huì)了責(zé)任的意義，這讓他感覺(jué)很好。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)7歲的我來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)偉大的成就。A.agreement同意；B.treatment治療；C.disappointment失望；D.achievement成就。根據(jù)上文“Hehadtaughtmewhat________meant”可知，作者認(rèn)為在自己這個(gè)年齡學(xué)會(huì)責(zé)任的意義是一個(gè)偉大的成就。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他教給我的教訓(xùn)將永遠(yuǎn)銘刻在我的記憶中。A.Otherwise否則；B.Besides此外；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。上文提到“George去世了”，下文提到“他教給我的教訓(xùn)將永遠(yuǎn)銘刻在我的記憶中?！?，上下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Haveyoueverwonderedwhatlifeislikenow____36____(compare)to,say,the1980sorthe1990s?IwenttoasksomepeopleIknowwhowereadultsinthe‘80sand90s’,andtheanswerIgotwasthat“Overall,lifeisalot___37___(good)now!”Thisdidn’treallysurpriseme.Imean,thesedayswe’vegotmobilephonesandtheinternetandsoon—but____38____(actual)thoseweren’tthethingstheytalkedabout.Sowhatdidtheytalkabout?For____39____start,wedon’thavetoworkphysicallyhardsincenowtherearealotofthingslikedishwashersforhousework.Thenthere’sthematterofhow,thesedays,____40____ispossibletoworkathome—it’smainly____41____(computer)thathavemadethispo