2022屆高三英語(yǔ)培優(yōu)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：生態(tài)話題

高三英語(yǔ)培優(yōu)外刊閱讀外刊精選｜在北美，鳥(niǎo)類在悄悄消失近日，一項(xiàng)研究顯示，美國(guó)和加拿大的鳥(niǎo)類在近50年內(nèi)減少了30億，這一數(shù)字讓眾多生物學(xué)家瞠目結(jié)舌。大量減少的鳥(niǎo)類，既有珍稀物種，也有像知更鳥(niǎo)這樣的家鳥(niǎo)。導(dǎo)致北美洲鳥(niǎo)類消失的原因有哪些？這又將對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境造成怎樣的影響？Flighttoextinction:NorthAmericanbirdsarevanishingThespringhasneverbeenmoresilentandtheskiesneversodevoidofthesesmallmercies.Thatfamiliarchirpandcoomightaswellbeaswansong.ResearchershaveconfirmedthatthenumberofbirdsintheUSandCanadahasfallenby29percentsince1970,alossofnearly3billionbirdsintheNorthAmericacontinent.Thedeclinethreatensnotonlyrarespecies,butcommonbackyardbirdssuchasAmericanrobinsandhousesparrows,whoareslowlymakingtheirwaytowardstheexit,too.Over500speciesinNorthAmericaweresurveyedforthestudypublishedinthejournalScience.Thecolossallossofavianpopulationsissquarelyattributedtohabitatloss,mechanizedagricultureandwideruseofpesticides.Birds’vitalrolesgobeyondtheirvastarrayofshapesandsounds.Theycontrolpests,pollinateplants,spreadseedsandtransformtheentirelandscape.Seabirds,inparticular,fertilizemarineecosystemsandkeepcoralreefsalive.Thedwindlingabundanceisonlypartofthedanger.It’smoreinsidiousthatpeoplenevernoticebirdsareshrinkingatsuchanexceptionalrate,andthusdonotactuponit.Theresearchmaywellbeanalert,butstill,itcouldbetoolatetorealizethatweneedthebirdsmorethantheyneedus.【詞匯過(guò)關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫(xiě)出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.extinction[?k'st??k??n]n._______________________2.vanish['v?n??]vi._______________________3.swansong['sw?ns??]n._______________________4.backyard[b?k'jɑ?d]n._______________________5.survey[s??ve?]vt._______________________6.colossal[k?'l?s(?)l]adj._______________________7.avian['e?v??n]adj._______________________8.squarely['skwe?l?]adv._______________________9.vital['va?t(?)l]adj._______________________10.array[?'re?]n._______________________11.pollinate['p?l?ne?t]vt._______________________12.fertilize['f??t?la?z]vt._______________________13.dwindle['dw?nd(?)l]vt._______________________14.insidious[?n's?d??s]adj._______________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.最……___________________________________2.毫無(wú)某物，完全沒(méi)有某物___________________________________3.嘰嘰喳喳聲___________________________________4下降了…___________________________________5.珍稀品種___________________________________6走向某地___________________________________7.歸因于；歸功于___________________________________8.超過(guò)，不止于___________________________________9.珊瑚礁___________________________________拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解Birdsaretheonlyanimalswithfeathers,althoughsomeotheranimals,suchasinsectsandbats,alsohavewings.Nearlyallbirdscanfly,andevenflightlessbirds,suchasostriches(鴕鳥(niǎo)),penguins,evolvedfromflyingancestors.Birdsarefoundworldwideinmanyhabitats.Theycanflyoversomeofthehighestmountainsonearthaswellasbothoftheearth’spoles,divethroughwatertodepthsofmorethan250m,andoccupyhabitatswiththemostextremeclimatesontheplanet,includingarctictundra(凍土地帶)andtheSaharaDesert.Certainkindsofseabirdsarecommonlyseenovertheopenoceanthousandsofkilometersfromthenearestland,butallbirdsmustcomeashoretoraisetheiryoung.Highlydevelopedanimals,birdsaresensitiveandresponsive,colorfulandgraceful,withhabitsthatexciteinterestandinquiry.Peoplehavelongbeenfascinatedbybirds,inpartbecausebirdsarefoundinthesamehabitatsinwhichhumanslive.Andlikepeople,mostspeciesofbirdsareactiveduringdaylighthours.Humansfindinspirationinbirds’capacityforflightandintheirmusicalcalls.Humansalsofindbirdsusefultheirfleshandeggsforfood,theirfeathersforwarmth,andtheircompanionship.Perhapsakeybasisforourfriendlinesswithbirdsisthesimilarityofoursensoryworlds:Bothbirdsandhumansrelymoreheavilyonhearingandcolorvisionthanonsmell.Birdsareusefulindicatorsofthequalityoftheenvironment,becausethehealthofbirdpopulationsmirrorsthehealthofourenvironment.Therapiddeclineinbirdspopulationsandtheacceleratingextinctionratesofbirdsintheworld’sforests,grassland,wetlands,andislandsarethereforereasonsforgreatconcern.21.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.AnimalswithFeathersandWingsB.OurfriendlinesswithbirdsC.AnintroductiontoBirdsD.Bird’slife22.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A.Bird’sfriendship B.Bird’shabitatsC.Bird’sraising D.Bird’senvironment23.WhichoffollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Bird’sflyingabilitiesandmusicalcallsinspirehumansgreatly.B.Birdsliveinthesamesurroundingsinwhichhumanslive.C.Bothbirdsandhumansrelymoreheavilyonhearingandsmellthanoncolorvision.D.Bird’sfleshandeggsforfood,bird’sfeathersforwarmth,andtheircompanionshipareusefultous.24.FromthetextitmayimplybutNOTstatethat__________.A.theenvironmentisbeingdamagedseriouslyB.ifyouwanttoraisebirds,youshouldpayattentiontoenvironmentC.theenvironmentaffectsthehumanbeingsD.birdpopulationsdecreaserapidly外刊精選答案【詞匯過(guò)關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫(xiě)出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.extinction[?k'st??k??n]n.滅絕2.vanish['v?n??]vi.消失3.swansong['sw?ns??]n.天鵝之歌4.backyard[b?k'jɑ?d]n.后院5.survey[s??ve?]vt.調(diào)查6.colossal[k?'l?s(?)l]adj.巨大的7.avian['e?v??n]adj.鳥(niǎo)的，鳥(niǎo)類的8.squarely['skwe?l?]adv.直接地，完全地，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地9.vital['va?t(?)l]adj.至關(guān)重要的10.array[?'re?]n.大批11.pollinate['p?l?ne?t]vt.對(duì)……授粉12.fertilize['f??t?la?z]vt.使變得肥沃13.dwindle['dw?nd(?)l]vt.減少14.insidious[?n's?d??s]adj.棘手的，狡猾的【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.haveneverbeen+比較級(jí)最……2.