浙江省浙里特色聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考2024-2025學年高二上學期11月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省浙里特色聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考2024-2025學年高二上學期11月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemanwanttodo?A.Sweepthefloor.B.Gotothepool.C.Borrowadollar.2.Whenisthewomanfreeeveryweek?A.OnSunday.B.OnMonday.C.OnThursday.3.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Performinginaplay.B.Buyingticketsforashow.C.MakingFridaynightplans.4.Whydoestheyoungmanwanttohelpcooktonight?A.HelovescookingMexicanfood.B.Hewantstoprepareforlivingalone.C.Hewantstoshowhismotherhisnewdish.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atapublicpool.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inagym.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowlongcanaBritishadultstandinlinepatientlyaccordingtothesurvey?A.About11minutes.B.About42minutes.C.About90minutes.7.HowdomostBritishpeoplepaytheirbillsnow?A.Inperson.B.Bymail.C.Online.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwillthemandooverthenextyear?A.Switchtoanothermajor.B.Startacomputercompany.C.Workathisuncle’scompany.9.Whathappenedtothewoman’sbrotherlastyear?A.Hefinallyfoundagoodcareer.B.HemovedtoSiliconValley.C.Hegraduatedfromcollege.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanusuallygetatthemovies?A.Somepopcorn.B.Ahotdog.C.Asandwich.11.Whatdoesthewomanmeanby“realfood”?A.Foodthat’sclassic.B.Foodthat’scookedathome.C.Foodthat’ssimilartothatatacafé.12.Whatdoesthewomanimplyintheend?A.Theyshouldcomebacktothattheatersoon.B.Othertheatershavesimilarfoodchoices.C.Shealreadygoestothattheaterenough.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheinformationsession?A.Uncertain.B.Interested.C.Disappointed.14.Whatdoesthemanseemtobedoing?A.Explainingthecourseoutline.B.Urgingthewomantoreconsider.C.Providingdetailsaboutsomejobs.15.WhenwillthespeakersmeetonMonday?A.At10:00inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.At1:00intheafternoon.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Brotherandsister.C.Schoolmates.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisHotSprings?A.Inthemountains.B.InthenorthernU.S.C.BytheoceaninthesouthernU.S.18.WhydidHotSpringsgetitsname?A.Becauseofthehotclimateofthearea.B.Becauseofthetoughguyshidinghere.C.Becauseofthehotwaterscomingoutoftheground.19.WhatisthehighesttemperatureofthewatersinHotSprings?A.135degreesFahrenheit.B.145degreesFahrenheit.C.Nearly200degreesFahrenheit.20.Whatisaninterestingfactaboutthecity?A.Theoldbathhousesarestillbeingusedthere.B.Thehotwatertherecarriedspecialpowers.C.Manyfamouspeoplewerebornthere.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ALocatedinBritain,theUniversityofOxfordisrespectedinternationallyasateachingandresearchcenter.EvidenceshowsthatteachingexistedinOxfordasearlyas1096,andithasbeenrankedasthetopuniversityintheUKbyTheTimesformanytimes.TheTutorial(導師的)SystemIntheUniversityofOxford,teachingisconductedprimarilythroughthetutorialsystem.Tutorialsarebeneficialtostudents’skillsofcriticalanalysis,butthegreatestadvantageofthetutorialsystemistheindividualguidancethatstudentsreceive.ThecontrastbetweentutorialsandlargelecturescommonintheAmericanuniversitiesisobvious.InthetypicalAmericanuniversity,studentsaretaughtbythesamespecialists,inthesamemanner,andheldtothesamestandards.SocietiesandClubsTherearerichafter-schoolactivitiesatOxford.Studentsmayjoinavarietyofclubsandsocietiesaccordingtotheirowninterests.TheOxfordUniversityScientificSocietyaimstobringtogetherundergraduatestodiscussscientificmatters.TheOxfordUnionSocietyhasgainedaworldwidereputationforitsdebate.TheNewmanSocietyhasservedasamodelforreligioussocietythroughouttheEnglish-speakingworld.Inaddition,thereareagreatmanyclubs,includingOxfordUniversityCricketClub,OxfordUniversityChessClub,andsoon.DatesofTermOxford’syearisdividedintothreetermsandthreevacations.ThedatesforFullTerm2023-24aresetoutbelow:YearTermFromTo2023-24Michaelmas2023Sunday8OctoberSaturday2DecemberHilary2024Sunday14JanuarySaturday9MarchTrinity2024Sunday21AprilSaturday15June1.Whatisthebiggestadvantageofthetutorialsystem?A.Itpromotesstudents’criticalanalysis. B.Itprovidespersonalizedteaching.C.Itofferslargelecturestostudents. D.Itusesthesamemannerandstandards.2.Whichorganizationwillyoujoinifyouwanttobeagreatdebater?A.TheOxfordUniversityScientificSociety. B.TheOxfordUnionSociety.C.TheNewmanSociety. D.OxfordUniversityCricketClub.3.HowlongdoestheteachingperiodlastwithinFullTerm2023-24?A.8weeks. B.16weeks. C.24weeks. D.32weeks.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了牛津大學的地位及其特點?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據TheTutorial(導師的)System部分中“Tutorialsarebeneficialtostudents’skillsofcriticalanalysis,butthegreatestadvantageofthetutorialsystemistheindividualguidancethatstudentsreceive.(導師制有利于培養(yǎng)學生的批判性分析能力，但導師制最大的優(yōu)點是學生得到的個別指導。)”可知，導師制最大的優(yōu)點是它提供個性化的教學。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據SocietiesandClubs部分中“TheOxfordUnionSocietyhasgainedaworldwidereputationforitsdebate.(牛津聯(lián)盟協(xié)會因其辯論而享譽全球。)”可知，如果你想成為一名優(yōu)秀的辯手，你會加入牛津聯(lián)盟協(xié)會。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據DatesofTerm部分表格中“Michaelmas2023fromSunday8OctobertoSaturday2December;Hilary2024fromSunday14JanuarytoSaturday9March;Trinity2024fromSunday21ApriltoSaturday15June(2023年米迦勒節(jié)從10月8日星期日至12月2日星期六；希拉里2024從1月14日星期日至3月9日星期六；三一2024從4月21日星期日到6月15日星期六)”可知，2023-24學年的教學周期是24周。故選C項。BComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat“completely”changedhuman’sviewoftheuniverse.Wu’sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung’slife.Workinginthescientificworlddominated(支配)bymen,shenevergaveuporloweredherstandardsevenifunequallytreated.AftergraduatingfromtheformerNationalCentralUniversityinNanjingin1934,WuregisteredattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyattheageof24tocontinueherstudyinphysics.Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu’spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas“ChineseMadameCurie”,“queenofnuclearresearch”and“firstladyofphysics”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity.Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名聲)foraccuracy.Therewasasayingamongphysicists:IftheexperimentwasdonebyWu,itmustbecorrect.Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校準)instruments.Shedidn’tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments.Herexperimentsoverturnedmanypreviousexperimentalresultsandtheories,saidSamuelChaoChungTing,AmericanphysicistandNobelPrizewinner.OnFeb16,1997,WudiedintheUS.Accordingtoherwill,shewasburiedinherhometownTaicang.Shewasadistinguishedworldcitizen,andwasforeveraChinese.4.WhatinfluencedWuChien-shiungwhenshewasyoung?A.HerlifeinAmerica. B.Herloveforphysics.C.Herfamilybackground. D.MarieCurie’sachievements.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Awardsareusuallygainedthroughgreatefforts.B.WuChien-shiungwas“apioneer”inmanyways.C.NoscientistswerebetterthanWuChien-shiung.D.Wecannotstresstheimportanceofphysicsenough.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWuChien-shiung?A.Caringandresponsible. B.Courageousandcreative.C.Stubbornandsensitive. D.Cautiousandhardworking.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aninfluentialwomannuclearphysicist. B.Animportantcontributiontophysics.C.Theinfluenceofmoderneducation. D.Nuclearresearchesinscientificworld.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了最有影響力的人之一：20世紀的女性核物理學家吳健雄的生平事跡。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Wu’sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung’slife.(吳健雄的父親吳忠義在太倉創(chuàng)辦了第一所女子學校，旨在打破“女子無才為德”的舊觀念，這對吳建雄的一生影響最大)”可知，吳健雄的家庭背景對她有深遠的影響。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu’spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas“ChineseMadameCurie”,“queenofnuclearresearch”and“firstladyofphysics”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity.(在她44年的核物理學家生涯中，吳的開創(chuàng)性成就為她贏得了“中國居里夫人”、“核研究女王”和“物理學第一夫人”等稱號。她是第一位擔任美國物理學會會長的女性，第一位獲得美國國家科學院頒發(fā)的科姆斯托克物理學獎的女性，第一位獲得沃爾夫物理學獎的人，第一位獲得普林斯頓大學授予女性榮譽博士學位的人，也是哥倫比亞大學歷史上第一位女物理學教授)”可知，作者通過本段旨在說明吳健雄在許多方面都是“先鋒”。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名聲)foraccuracy.(為了得到準確的實驗結果，她在實驗室里夜以繼日地努力工作，并以準確著稱)”可知，吳健雄是一個勤奮的人；再根據“Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校準)instruments.Shedidn’tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments.(她做實驗總是很細心，花很多時間校準儀器)”可知，她是一個謹慎小心的人。綜上，吳健雄是一個勤奮且謹慎的人。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat“completely”changedhuman’sviewoftheuniverse.(與瑪麗·居里或理查德·費曼等物理學家相比，吳健雄在中國并不家喻戶曉，但她是20世紀最具影響力的核物理學家之一，她“徹底”改變了人類對宇宙的看法)”以及通讀整篇文章可知，本文講述的是最有影響力的人之一：20世紀的女性核物理學家吳健雄的生平事跡。故選A。CEarthDayfallsonApril22eachyeartoinformpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblemsandinspirethemtoact.Itfirstcameintobeingin1970,followedin1972byWorldEnvironmentDay.Ithasbeencelebratedeversince,slowlybutsurelypickingupsteam.Interestingly,itremainedagrassrootsaffairfor20yearsbeforespreadingoutto140countriesin1990.Now,itiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Humansstillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechangeandplasticpollution.Butwecanallmakeadifference.WhenClairewasintheseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandandmodernizehermiddleschool.AsafollowerofEarthDay,shewantedtohelp.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheprojectbecause,sheexplained,cleanenergywouldcontributetoatrulymodernschool,andhelpherschoolpursuesustainabledevelopment.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.SoClarieturnedtothecommunity,lookingforasolution.Herfriendsandneighborssharedherenthusiasm.SoonClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadults,whosettoworkraisingtherest.Theywrotegrant(撥款)requests,putonatalentshowandaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthematHalloween.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Onedonatedmorethanhalfthecost!Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyone-fourthoftheschool’selectricityneeds,savingthedistrictthousandsofdollars.“Myfavoritepartaboutthisprojectwasthatonepersoncouldstartsomethingsmallandthentheprojectcouldgrowandhaveabigimpactonthecommunity,”Clairesaid“Therearealwaysgoingtobebarriersandhardparts.Whenthere’sachallengepresentedtoyou,useitasalearningmomentandanopportunitytoovercomeit.”Youcanbeaherofortheenvironment,sofindoutwhatcanberecycledwhereyoulive.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutEarthDayfromthefirstparagraph?A.ItwasfirstcelebratedonApril22,1972. B.Itgainedinstantpopularityworldwide.C.Itaimstoraiseenvironmentalawareness. D.Itpromotessolutionstohumanchallenges.9.WhydidClairegiveadvicetoherschool?A.Tosellthesolarpanels. B.Tomakeherschoolgreener.C.Toimproveacademicgrades. D.Tobeautifytheschoolcampus.10.Whatisparagraph3ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thevitalroleofcharities. B.Difficultiesinraisingmoney.C.Constanteffortsontheproject. D.Financialsupportfromthepublic.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeClaire?A.Responsibleanddetermined. B.Generousandcreative.C.Energeticandreliable. D.Curiousandadventurous.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講地球日追隨者Claire讓學校用上太陽能電池板，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的故事。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“EarthDayfallsonApril22eachyeartoinformpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblemsandinspirethemtoact.(每年的4月22日是地球日，旨在向人們宣傳環(huán)境問題并激勵他們采取行動。)”可知，地球日旨在提高環(huán)境意識。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheprojectbecause,sheexplained,cleanenergywouldcontributetoatrulymodernschool,andhelpherschoolpursuesustainabledevelopment.(Claire要求學校董事會在該項目中增加太陽能電池板，因為她解釋說，清潔能源將有助于建設一所真正現(xiàn)代化的學校，并幫助她的學校實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。)”可知，Claire這樣做是為了讓她的學校更環(huán)保。故選B項?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章第三段“Herfriendsandneighborssharedherenthusiasm.SoonClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadults,whosettoworkraisingtherest.Theywrotegrant(撥款)requests,putonatalentshowandaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthematHalloween.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Onedonatedmorethanhalfthecost!(她的朋友和鄰居都和她一樣熱情。很快，Claire組織了一群孩子和成年人，他們開始著手撫養(yǎng)剩下的孩子。他們寫撥款申請，舉辦才藝表演，要求捐款，甚至在萬圣節(jié)挨家挨戶為他們捐款。他們也呼吁慈善基金會。其中一個捐贈了超過一半的費用！)”以及上文可知，這段主要講Claire在這項目上不斷努力。故選C項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章倒數第二段“‘Myfavoritepartaboutthisprojectwasthatonepersoncouldstartsomethingsmallandthentheprojectcouldgrowandhaveabigimpactonthecommunity,’Clairesaid‘Therearealwaysgoingtobebarriersandhardparts.Whenthere’sachallengepresentedtoyou,useitasalearningmomentandanopportunitytoovercomeit.’(Claire說：‘這個項目我最喜歡的部分是，一個人可以開始一些小事情，然后這個項目可以發(fā)展壯大，并對社區(qū)產生重大影響?？倳姓系K和困難。當你面臨挑戰(zhàn)時，把它當作一個學習的時刻和克服它的機會?！?”以及前文Claire所做的事可知，Claire是一個有責任心和決心的人。故選A項。DIntendedtohelpdrawdowncarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,Tree-plantinghasbecomeasynonym(同義詞)forclimateaction.Inourconstantfocusontrees,we’vedevelopedafixedunderstanding:Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,endofstory.Therealityisthattreesdon’tgrowwellalone.Theyexistwithincomplexcommunities,helpedalongbyeachotheraswellastheanimalstheycoexistwith.Thewoodlandisn’tnature’sonlycarbonsink:grasslandsandoceansalsohelpreducethecarbonlevelandrelyonahealthyamountofbiodiversity.That’swhatthepaper,publishedinNature,wantstogetacross.Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.That’sbecauseanimalsanimatethecarboncyclethroughtheirbehaviorandrolesintheecosystem.Headdedthattheverypresenceofwildanimalscouldcausefeedbackeffectsthatchangetheecosystem’scapacitytoabsorb,release,ortransportcarbon.InSerengeti,forinstance,thesharpdeclineinwildebeest(角馬)populationsduringthemid-20thcenturyallowedgrasstogrowwildly,eventuallypromotingwildfiresthatconsumed80percentoftheecosystemannuallyandledtoanetreleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Whendiseasemanagementandbansonillegalhuntinghelpedanimalpopulationsrecover,agreatershareofthecarbonstoredinplantswasconsumedbywildebeestandreleasedaswaste,keepingitinthesystemandrestoringthegrasslandasacarbonsink.Researchersrarelyconsiderwildlifeconservationasastrategytoincreaseanecosystem’scarbonstoragecapacity,saidSchmitz.“Theythinkthatanimalseitheraren’timportantenoughorthatyoucan’ttakeupcarbonandconserveanimalsatthesametime,”hesaid.“Ourmessageisthatyoucanandshould.Itcanbeawin-winforbothbiodiversityconservationandcarbonuptake.”Weneedafullpicture—withbothtreesandanimals—toexplorenature’sfullpotential.12.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphtellus?A.Actionsareneededtoreducecarbondioxide. B.Treesareaquicksolutiontotheclimatecrisis.C.Grasslandshelpmaintainbiodiversity. D.Peoplearenotthinkingthroughtreesproperly.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“animate”inparagraph2mean?A.Disturb. B.Restart. C.Activate. D.Break.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningwildebeest?A.Theconservationofanimalsisstillaseriousissue.B.Animalscanswingtheecosystem’scapacitytostorecarbon.C.Humanimpactsbringaboutthereductioninwildlifepopulations.D.Theincreaseinanimalspeciescausesadecreaseincarbonuptake.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnimalsAdjustThemselvestoClimateChangeB.TreesMayFailtoFulfilTheirDutieswithoutAnimalsC.WoodlandIsn’ttheOnlyCarbonSinkontheEarthD.TheSerengetiEcosystemNeedsUrgentImprovement【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了樹木在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中與動物的相互作用，沒有動物，樹木可能無法履行它們的職責?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Inourconstantfocusontrees,we’vedevelopedafixedunderstanding:Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,endofstory.Therealityisthattreesdon’tgrowwellalone.(在我們對樹木的持續(xù)關注中，我們已經形成了一種固定的理解：樹木吸收二氧化碳，僅此而已。事實是，樹木單獨生長不好)”可推知，人們沒有正確地考慮樹木。故選D項?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞前文“Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.(合著者OswaldJ.Schmitz是耶魯大學的生態(tài)學教授，他說，如果沒有合適的動物在它們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，樹木可能無法有效地完成它們的碳吸收工作)”可知，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中有合適的動物，樹木才能有效地完成它們的碳吸收工作。由此推知，劃線詞所在句意為“這是因為動物通過它們在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的行為和角色來激活碳循環(huán)”，animate意思是“激活，激發(fā)”。故選C項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Headdedthattheverypresenceofwildanimalscouldcausefeedbackeffectsthatchangetheecosystem’scapacitytoabsorb,release,ortransportcarbon.(他補充說，野生動物的存在可能會引起反饋效應，改變生態(tài)系統(tǒng)吸收、釋放或運輸碳的能力)”和第三段“InSerengeti,forinstance,thesharpdeclineinwildebeest(角馬)populationsduringthemid-20thcenturyallowedgrasstogrowwildly,eventuallypromotingwildfiresthatconsumed80percentoftheecosystemannuallyandledtoanetreleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Whendiseasemanagementandbansonillegalhuntinghelpedanimalpopulationsrecover,agreatershareofthecarbonstoredinplantswasconsumedbywildebeestandreleasedaswaste,keepingitinthesystemandrestoringthegrasslandasacarbonsink.(例如，在Serengeti，角馬的數量在20世紀中期急劇下降，使得草瘋狂生長，最終引發(fā)了野火，每年消耗80%的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并導致二氧化碳凈釋放到大氣中。當疾病管理和禁止非法狩獵幫助動物種群恢復時，儲存在植物中的大部分碳被角馬消耗并作為廢物釋放出來，使其留在系統(tǒng)中，并恢復草原作為碳匯的作用)”可推知，角馬數量下降最終導致二氧化碳凈釋放到大氣中，動物數量恢復時碳被留在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，故作者提到角馬是舉例說明第二段的觀點，動物可以改變生態(tài)系統(tǒng)儲存碳的能力。故選B項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據第二段中“Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.(合著者OswaldJ.Schmitz是耶魯大學的生態(tài)學教授，他說，如果沒有合適的動物在它們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，樹木可能無法有效地完成它們的碳吸收工作)”可知，這篇文章主要講述樹木在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中與動物的相互作用，沒有動物，樹木可能無法履行它們的職責。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howtodealwithsilenttreatment?Issomeoneyouknowgivingyouthesilenttreatment?Maybeyoudidsomethingwrong:youembarrassedorhumiliatedtheotherperson;Youletthemdownorfailedtogivethemyoursupportwhentheyneededit.___16___.BeclearaboutwhathappenedYouprobablyalreadyknowwhatitwasthatyousaidordid.___17___.Youcouldsay,“Ifeellikethere’saproblembetweenusandthatyoumightbeupsetwithme.”Ifyoudoknowwhathappenedbetweenyoutocausethisgap,askifyoucantalk.___18___Explainthatyouknowwhathappenedbetweenyouwasn’tgoodandthatyou’dliketobefriendsagain.Askthemwhattheirthoughtsandfeelingsarenowaboutwhathappened.Acknowledgewhattheysayabouthowtheyfeel,andthensayhowyoufeel.Forexample,“Iunderstandwhyyouareupsetandthatyouareangry.Ifeelsad/upset/badaboutwhathappened,andI’dliketoputthingsright.”Takeresponsibilityandapologize___19___.Itsimplymeansadmittingyourpartinanywrongdoingandexpressingthatyou’resorry.Forexample,“IknowyouwantedoursituationtobekeptprivateandI’vereallyupsetyoubytellingotherpeopleaboutit.I’msorryIdidthat.Ithoughtthattalkingaboutittootherswouldhelpmemakesenseofwhatwasgoingon.”TryonlyonceIftheotherpersonrefusestorestarttalkingtoyou,there’snothingelseyoucando.___20___Theymayneedmoretimetoprocesswhathappenedbetweenyou,sogivethemsomespace.A.You’vedoneyourbest.Now,itisuptothem.B.Shareyourpastexperiences.C.Thisdoesn’tmeantakingalltheblame.D.Nomatterwhatitis,here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.E.Itmeansthatweshouldkeepittoourselves.F.Butifnot,ask.G.Askaboutthoughtsandfeelings.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.C20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了應對冷眼相待的一些方法。【16題詳析】上文“Maybeyoudidsomethingwrong:youembarrassedorhumiliatedtheotherperson;Youletthemdownorfailedtogivethemyoursupportwhentheyneededit.(也許你做錯了什么：你讓別人感到尷尬或羞辱；你讓他們失望了，或者在他們需要的時候沒有給予他們支持。)”分析了受到冷眼相待的可能原因，下文的黑體小標題介紹了一些方法，選項D中Nomatterwhatitis承接上文內容，ways與下文呼應，所以D選項“不管是什么，這里有一些方法可以讓你走上正確的方向?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境。故選D項。【17題詳析】上文“Youprobablyalreadyknowwhatitwasthatyousaidordid.(你可能已經知道你說了什么或做了什么。)”提到了你可能知道的情況；下文“Youcouldsay,“Ifeellikethere’saproblembetweenusandthatyoumightbeupsetwithme.”(你可以說：“我覺得我們之間有問題，你可能會生我的氣?！?”提到了你說的話，F(xiàn)選項“但如果不是，那就問問?！迸c上文構成轉折關系，且能引起下文。故選F項?！?8題詳析】空格處是小標題的位置，下文“Explainthatyouknowwhathappenedbetweenyouwasn’tgoodandthatyou’dliketobefriendsagain.Askthemwhattheirthoughtsandfeelingsarenowaboutwhathappened.Acknowledgewhattheysayabouthowtheyfeel,andthensayhowyoufeel.(解釋一下，你知道你們之間發(fā)生的事情并不好，你想再次成為朋友。問他們現(xiàn)在對所發(fā)生的事情有什么想法和感受。承認他們所說的他們的感受，然后說出你的感受。)”提到了詢問想法和感受，選項G中thoughtsandfeelings是關鍵詞，與下文呼應，所以G選項“詢問對方的想法和感受?！蹦芨爬ㄏ挛膬热?，適合用作小標題。故選G項?！?9題詳析】本段小標題“Takeresponsibilityandapologize(承擔責任并道歉)”提到了責任和道歉；下文“Itsimplymeansadmittingyourpartinanywrongdoingandexpressingthatyou’resorry.(它只是意味著承認你的過錯，并表示你很抱歉。)”提到了它的含義，選項C中this是關鍵詞，所以C選項“這并不意味著你要承擔所有的責任”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選C項?！?0題詳析】上文“Iftheotherpersonrefusestorestarttalkingtoyou,there’snothingelseyoucando.(如果對方拒絕重新與你交談，你就無能為力了。)”提到了無能為力，A選項“你已經盡力了?，F(xiàn)在，就看他們的了?！迸c上文構成遞進關系。故選A項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwas20,Istartedmyowncompany.Mydadwasvery___21___,andheboughtmea___22___.LittledidIknowthegifthehandedmewouldgivemeastrong___23___toachievemygoal.Atfirst,Ididn’tmakeanymoneyandIhadtosufferfrom___24___—eatingacan(罐)ofbakedbeansonceaday—andhadahardtimepayingrent.Baddayslikethislastedalmostamonth,andthenonedayIsawthebook___25___.Whatencouragedmewasthe___26___storiesofpeoplewithhugesuccess,___27___thatofJimCarrey,whoisoneofmyfavoriteactors.Jimgrewupina(n)___28___family,withafatherwhokeptalow-paidjob.Whenhewas15,he___29___outofschoolandworkedasadoorkeeper.Later,hestartedhis____30____career,whichwasnotverysmooth.Hewasbooedoffstage(噓下臺)athisfirstappearanceatacomedyclubinToronto,____31____hedidn’tgiveup.Heexplainedinaninterviewthathe’dwrittenhimselfa____32____for$10,000,000aspaymentforactingservices.Hecarrieditwithhimfor7yearsuntilhecouldfinallycashitforhisperformanceinDumbandDumber.Nooneisbornasuccess.Peoplemakethemselvesintosuccessesbytheirown____33____.Insteadofseeingmycompanyasafailure,Istartedtoseeit____34____.Ipushed,____35____myself,andworkedharder.NowIamtheCEOofamulti-35nationalcorporation.21.A.supportive B.shocked C.unconcerned D.hesitant22.A.car B.book C.box D.bag23.A.need B.desire C.challenge D.promise24.A.disease B.ignorance C.hunger D.doubt25.A.bychance B.forsure C.ontime D.inadvance26.A.ridiculous B.extraordinary C.strange D.funny27.A.fairly B.partly C.especially D.normally28.A.adoptive B.large C.old D.poor29.A.rushed B.looked C.dropped D.ran30.A.musical B.performing C.sporting D.political31.A.thus B.otherwise C.meanwhile D.but32.A.letter B.plan C.note D.check33.A.efforts B.tests C.nature D.luck34.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently35.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.D33.A34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在20歲時開創(chuàng)了自己的公司，起初他遭遇了失敗，挨餓，交不起房租。在消沉時，他閱讀了父親送給他的一本書，從書中獲得了勇氣，開啟了他成功的人生?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我爸爸非常支持我，給我買了一本書。A.supportive支持的；B.shocked震驚的；C.unconcerned不關心的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據下文“andheboughtmea”可知，作者的父親非常支持他。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我爸爸非常支持我，給我買了一本書。A.car汽車；B.book書；C.box盒子；D.bag包。根據第二自然段“onedayIsawthebook”可知，作者父親給他買的禮物是書。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道他給我的禮物會讓我產生實現(xiàn)目標的強烈愿望。A.need需要；B.desire愿望；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.promise承諾。根據下文“toachievemygoal.”及全文可知，作者通過閱讀書中成功人物的經歷，自己深受鼓舞，作者真沒想到父親給的禮物會給他一種強烈的愿望去實現(xiàn)他的目標。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：開始，我一分錢也沒掙，我不得不挨餓——每天吃一罐烤豆子——還很難付房租。A.disease疾??；B.ignorance無知；C.hunger饑餓；D.doubt懷疑。根據空后“eatingacanofbakedbeansonceaday”可知，作者每天都挨餓。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這樣糟糕的日子持續(xù)了將近一個月，然后有一天我偶然看到了這本書。A.bychance偶然；B.forsure肯定；C.ontime準時；D.inadvance提前。根據上文“thenonedayIsawthebook”可知，作者一天偶然看到了這本書。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：激勵我的是那些取得巨大成功的人的非凡故事，尤其是吉姆·凱瑞，他是我最喜歡的演員之一。A.ridiculous荒謬的；B.extraordinary非凡的；C.strange奇怪的；D.funny滑稽的。根據句中“storiesofpeoplewithhuges