內(nèi)科-名詞解釋

Evidenve-basedmedicine，EBM循證醫(yī)學(xué)Communityacquiredpneumonia，CAP社區(qū)獲得性肺炎Hospitalacquiredpneumonia，HAP醫(yī)院獲得性肺炎Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease，COPD慢性阻塞性肺疾病Bronchiectasis支氣管擴張Drybronchiectasis干性支氣管擴張部分患者以反復(fù)咯血為唯一癥狀，平時無咳嗽咳痰，多發(fā)生于引流良好的上葉?支?氣管Bronchialasthma支氣管哮喘氣道高反應(yīng)氣道重構(gòu)SilentChest沉默肺corpulmonale肺炎Lungabscess肺膿腫pulmonaryhypertension肺動脈高壓Chronicpulmonaryheartdisease慢性肺心病Pulmonaryinfarction，PI肺梗死Venousthromboembolism，VTE靜脈血栓栓塞癥Respiratoryfailure呼吸衰竭（II型）Acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome，ARDS呼吸窘迫綜合癥Primarycomplex原發(fā)綜合征Pancoast瘤肺上溝瘤Horner綜合癥Paraneoplasticsyndrome副癌綜合癥Non-small-celllungcarcinoma,NSCLC非小細胞肺癌Superiorvenacavasyndrome，SVCS上腔靜脈壓迫綜合癥氣胸PSP原發(fā)性自發(fā)性氣胸 SSP繼發(fā)性自發(fā)性氣胸ensionpneumothorax張力性氣胸Closedpneumothorax閉合性氣胸胸膜反應(yīng)Hamman征Light標準科赫（Koch）現(xiàn)象開放菌陰綜合征凈化空洞結(jié)核球carcinoid心內(nèi)★★Diastolicheartfailure舒張性心力衰竭Heartfailure心力衰竭CRT心臟再同步化治療雙心室起搏Primaryhypertension難治性高血壓Hypertensivecrisis高血壓危象Acceleratedhypertension急進性高血壓高血壓急癥惡性高血壓Hypertensiveencephalopathy高血壓腦病Secondaryhypertension繼發(fā)性高血壓Sicksinussyndrome，SSS病竇綜合征Adams-Stokessyndrome冠心病缺血性心臟病Anginapectoris心絞痛穩(wěn)定型心絞痛new-onsetanignapectorisacceleratedanginapectorisdysfunctionorruptureofpapillarymuscleX綜合征：通常指患者具有?絞痛或?絞痛癥狀，平板實驗st段下移，但冠脈造影?表現(xiàn)?肌橋變異性心絞痛Coronaryatherosclerosisheartdisease冠心病Acutecoronarysyndrome，ACS急性冠脈綜合癥Cardiacaneurysm心室壁瘤★Postinfartionsyndrome梗死后綜合癥?臟?球樣變Takostubocardiomyopathy與情緒激動或精神刺激有關(guān)，傷?綜合征，除外冠脈狹窄，左?室功能受損Graham-Steell雜音感染性心內(nèi)膜炎Roth斑Osler結(jié)節(jié)Janeway損害急性Eisenmengersyndrome艾森曼格綜合癥TetralogyofFallot，F(xiàn)4法洛四聯(lián)癥Dilatedcardimomyopathy，DCM擴張型心肌病Hypertrophiccardimomyopathy，HCM肥厚型心肌病Restrictivecardimomyopathy,RCM限制型心肌病SAM征收縮期二尖瓣前葉前移Ewart征心包積液征cardiactamponade?臟壓塞：?包炎癥或其他病因會造成?包積液，積液迅速或積液量過?時，可造成?輸出量和回??量減少。28beck三聯(lián)征低?壓??低弱Kussmaul征：吸氣時周圍靜脈回流增多，縮窄的心包使得心室無法適應(yīng)性舒張，靜脈怒張更明顯。消化內(nèi)科Grastroesophagealrefluxdisease，GERD胃食管反流癥復(fù)合性潰瘍Postbulbarulcer球后潰瘍Penetratingulcer穿透性潰瘍多發(fā)性消化性潰瘍★Stomalulcer吻合口性潰瘍★Inflammatoryboweldisease，IBD炎癥性腸病Ulcerativecolitis，UC潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎ToxicmegacolonCrohn’sdisease克羅恩病IBS腸易激惹綜合征Functionaldyspepsia功能性消化不良鋇劑激惹征：潰瘍性腸結(jié)核TuberculousperitonitisKoch現(xiàn)象Hepaticcirrhosis肝硬化Portalhypertension門脈高壓癥食管胃底靜脈曲張：門脈：胃冠狀靜脈腔靜脈：食管靜脈，奇靜脈Retzius靜脈：腹壁后靜脈頑固性腹水Mallory-WeissSyndrome馬洛里-魏斯綜合征Hepatorenalsyndrome，HRS肝腎綜合癥Hepaticencephalopathy肝性腦病亞臨床輕微隱性肝性腦病Primarybiliarycirrhosis，PBC原發(fā)性膽汁性肝硬化Spontaneousbacterialperitonitis，SBP自發(fā)性細菌性腹膜炎伴癌綜合征：低血糖紅細胞增多高鈣高脂Grey-turner癥及Cullen癥腎臟內(nèi)科★隱匿性腎小球腎炎Rapidlyprogressiveglomerulonephritis,RPGN急進性腎小球腎炎★★IgAnephropathyIgA腎病★★★Nephroticsyndrome腎病綜合癥★★Proteinuria蛋白尿★Oliguria少尿★★★★Pyelonephritis腎盂腎炎血液內(nèi)科★★★Anaemia貧血★★★Myelodysplasticsyndrome，MDS骨髓增生異常綜合癥★★★★L(fēng)eukemoidreaction類白血病反應(yīng)Chloroma綠色瘤白血病完全緩解★Hypersplenism脾功能亢進★★Agranulocytosis粒細胞缺乏DIC彌漫性血管內(nèi)凝血87. ★IdiopathicThrombocytopenicPurpura，ITP過敏性紫癜內(nèi)分泌科88. ★Gravesdisease89. ★Thyroidcrisis甲狀腺危象90. ★Exophthalmusinfiltrative浸潤性突眼91. ★★Hyperthyroidheartdisease甲亢性心臟病92. ★★★Diabeticnephropathy糖尿病腎病93. ★★★Insulinresistance胰島素抵抗94. Dawnphenomenon黎明現(xiàn)象95. Somogyi效應(yīng)96. ★★Diabeticketoacidosis，DKA糖尿病酮癥酸中毒97. ★Cushingsyndrome庫欣綜合征98. Adrenalcrisis腎上腺危象99.Addison病風(fēng)濕免疫科100. ★★★Rheumaticdiseases風(fēng)濕性疾病101. Raynaudphenomenon雷諾現(xiàn)象