Unit4AdversityandCourage詞匯知識點課件高中英語人教版選擇性

選擇性必修Book3Unit4詞匯知識點Unit4adversity/?d?v??s?ti/n.困境;逆境inadversity在逆境中wage/we?d?/n.工資aweeklywage周薪[U][常用復(fù)數(shù)]工資;薪金=pay/salary/income/earning(薪水；收入)bitter/?b?t?(r)/adj.嚴(yán)寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的adj①(味道)苦的Goodmedicineisbitterinthemouth.良藥苦口。②[只用于名詞前]辛酸的;痛苦的bittertears辛酸的眼淚③充滿仇恨(怨恨)的bebitterabout...對...憤憤不平【同根詞】bitterlyadv痛苦地;憤恨地;極其bitternessn.苦味；苦難；怨恨bittersweetadj.苦樂參半的；又苦又甜的expedition/?eksp??d??n/n.探險;遠(yuǎn)征;探險隊n[C]遠(yuǎn)征(隊);探險(隊)makeanexpedition遠(yuǎn)征;探險endurance/?n?dj??r?ns/n.忍耐力;耐久力【同根詞】endurev.持續(xù)存在，持久；忍受，忍耐can’tendure/standdoingsth

不能忍受干某事endurableadj.能忍耐的；可忍受的；beyondendurance無法忍受vigour(NAmEvigor)/?v?ɡ?(r)/n.精力;力量;活力vigorousadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的turnsb.down/略/拒絕(某人)【拓展】turnoff關(guān)掉，關(guān)閉;拐彎,使轉(zhuǎn)變方向turninto...變成;進(jìn)入turnon打開,發(fā)動turnouttobe...結(jié)果是;原來是turnover移交給;翻閱;把..翻過來;發(fā)動;營業(yè)額達(dá)到;反復(fù)考慮turnin交上;歸還;拐入;告發(fā);[口]上床睡覺turnup出現(xiàn);發(fā)生;開大;發(fā)現(xiàn);卷起;使仰臥turnaway避開;解雇;不準(zhǔn)..入內(nèi);走開;轉(zhuǎn)過臉turnround轉(zhuǎn)身，轉(zhuǎn)向;歸航;回車道;轉(zhuǎn)變byturns輪流;交替inturn輪流，依次qualified/?kw?l?fa?d/adj.符合資格;具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)adj有資格的;稱職的aqualifieddentalnurse合格的牙科護(hù)士bequalifiedforsth具備某事的資格bequalifiedtodosth有資格做某事【同根詞】qualifyvt取得資格，有資格qualificationn.資格；條件enthusiastic/?n?θju?zi??st?k/adj.熱情的;熱心的enthusiasticadj(充滿)熱情的;熱心的beenthusiasticabout...對...充滿熱情【同根詞】enthusiasticallyadv熱情地;熱心地enthusiasmn.熱情，熱忱；熱衷的活動，熱愛的事物befullofenthusiasm充滿熱情enthusiastn.熱衷者；愛好者；狂熱者withenthusiasm熱情地aboard/??b??d/adv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)上船/車/飛機(onboard)boardv.登上n.板，甲板

abroadadv.國外地athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外cupboard/?k?b?d/n.櫥柜;壁櫥;衣柜assign/??sa?n/vt.分派;布置;分配vt分配;分派assignsbtodosth委派某人去做某事【同根詞】assignmentn.作業(yè)，任務(wù)；（工作等的）分配，指派assignsbsth=assignsthtosb給某人分派....steward/?stju??d/n.(輪船.飛機或火車上的)乘務(wù)員;服務(wù)員stewardessn.空姐；女服務(wù)員例：host-hostesswaiter-waitressactor-actressprince-princessenvy/?envi/n.&vt.羨慕;妒忌n妒忌;羨慕;羨慕對象/目標(biāo)betheenvyof...是令...羨慕或嫉妒的對象vt妒忌;羨慕envysb(doing)sth羨慕某人（做）某事(pl.envies三單：envies)(envied-envied)enviousadj.羨慕的；嫉妒的outofenvy出于嫉妒crush/kr??/vt.毀壞;壓壞;壓碎n.擁擠的人群[C]常用單數(shù)]擁擠的人群sink(sank/s??k/orsunk/s??k/,sunk)/s??k/vi.沉沒;下沉;下降vt.使下沉;使沉沒v(sank,sunk)①vi&vt(使)下沉;(使)沉沒【反float】②vi(高度)下降;倒下;坐下③vi消沉;陷入;降低;減弱besankin...陷入...中n[C]面盆;洗碗池sinkinto陷入Wesankintoourseats.Hesankintoanger.我們癱坐在座位上。他陷入憤怒中。abandon/??b?nd?n/vt.舍棄;拋棄;放棄=giveup/quitvt①放棄（某物）②遺棄（某人）③離棄（某地/某交通工具）【拓展】abandonedadj被遺棄的;被離棄的;廢棄的abandondoingsth.放棄做某事abandononeselfto沉湎于abandononeselftodespair陷入絕望stove/st??v/n.爐具;廚房灶具blanket/?bl??k?t/n.毯子n[C]毯子;毛毯;毛毯似的東西ablanketofsnow厚厚的一層雪awetblanket

掃興的人;潑冷水的人belongings/b??l????z/n.

[pl.]財物;動產(chǎn)n[C][復(fù)數(shù)]所有物;財產(chǎn);財物(possessions)【同族詞】belongv.屬于；是…的成員（注意：無被動，無進(jìn)行）belongto...屬于...banjo/?b?nd???/n.班卓琴(樂器)miserable/?m?zr?bl/adj.痛苦的;令人難受的amiserablelife悲慘的生活miserablyadv.痛苦地miseryn.痛苦；苦難；窮困；悲慘境遇voyage/?v???d?/n.&vi.航海;航行n[C]①(乘船/宇宙飛船的長途)航行g(shù)oon/make/takeavoyage航行②[比喻用法]發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅【辨析】voyage長途旅行，通常走海路或乘飛機、飛船等。journey長途旅行或經(jīng)常性的旅行trip短途往返的旅行或不常為之的旅行，強調(diào)目的或出行原因。tour“觀光游覽”，往往在旅行過程中參觀多個景點。navy/?ne?vi/n.海軍;海軍部隊jointhenavy參加海軍decent/?di?snt/adj.相當(dāng)不錯的;正派的;得體的decentlyadv.合適地；高雅地；正派地decencyn.正派；體面；莊重adecentmeal/job/placetolive相當(dāng)不錯的飯菜/工作/住所cosy/?k??zi/adj.溫馨的;舒適的=comfortableselfish/?self??/adj.自私的adj自私的【同根詞】selfishlyadv自私地selfishnessn[U]自私selflessadj.無私的selflesslyadv無私地selflessnessn[U]無私selfn.自己，自我；私心good/bad-tempered/略/adj.脾氣好的/壞的genuine/?d?enju?n/adj.真正的;真誠的;可信賴的【同根詞】genuinelyadv真地;真誠地=sincere/honest=sincerely/honestlyperseverance/?p??s??v??r?ns/n.毅力;韌性;不屈不撓的精神persevere/?p??s??v??(r)/vi.堅持;孜孜以求perseverein(doing)sth堅持（做）某事resolve/r??z?lv/vi.&vt.決定;決心;解決(問題或困難)n.決心;堅定的信念resolution/?rez??lu??n/n.決議;解決;堅定v①vt解決(=settle)resolveaconflict解決沖突②vt&vi[正式用語]決心;決定

resolveonsth/doingsth;resolveanissue/acrisis【同根詞】resolutionn[C]&[U]解決;決心NewYear'sresolutions新年的決心

翻譯：什么也不能削弱他繼續(xù)下去的決心。Nothingcouldweakenhisresolvetocontinue.crew/kru:/n.(輪船.飛機等上面的)全體工作人員;專業(yè)團(tuán)隊;一群人[集體名詞]cruel/?kru??l/adj.殘酷的;殘忍的;冷酷的adj殘忍的殘酷的;無情的【反kind】【同根詞】cruellyadv殘忍地;殘酷地crueltyn[U]&[C]殘忍;殘酷【反kindness】becrueltothorough/?θ?r?/adj.深入的;徹底的;細(xì)致的【同根詞】thoroughlyadv徹底地;仔細(xì)地;完全地①（物）徹底的;完全的;詳盡的②(人)仔細(xì)的;縝密的=completelyfurniture/?f??n?t??(r)/[U](總稱)家具【注意】指“一件家具”時，用apieceoffurniture或anarticleoffurniturefurnishv.為...配備家具，提供....furnishedadj.配備家具的befurnishedwith....配備有....unfortunately/?n?f??t??n?tli/adv.不幸地;遺憾地fortunately/?f??t??n?tli/adv.幸運地adv[句子副詞]不幸地(=unluckily)【反fortunately/luckily】;遺憾地【同根詞】fortunatelyadv[句子副詞]幸運地;幸虧(=luckily)【反unfortunately/unluckily】fortunateadj.幸運的=luckyunfortunateadj.不幸的=unluckyfortunen.時運，命運；好運，機遇；財富，巨款misfortunen.厄運；不幸bark/bɑ?k/vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫聲①[C](狗)叫聲②[U]樹皮rugby/?r?ɡbi/n.橄欖球運動bat/b?t/n.球拍;蝙蝠

vi.&vt.用球板擊球;揮打;拍打damp/d?mp/adj.潮濕的;濕氣重的n.[U]潮濕;濕氣damplyadv.潮濕地dampnessn.潮濕；濕氣recreation/?rekri?e??n/n.娛樂;消遣;游戲=entertainment/pleasure/amusementrecreatev.再創(chuàng)造；

娛樂；消遣recreationcenter娛樂中心guidance/?ɡa?dns/n.指導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);導(dǎo)航undertheguidanceofsb/undersb'sguidance在某人的指導(dǎo)下guidev.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)；指導(dǎo)n.指南；手冊；導(dǎo)游；向?qū)ephew/?nefju?/n.侄子;外甥【拓展】niecen.外甥女，侄女a(chǎn)dvertising/??dv?ta?z??/n.廣告活動;廣告業(yè)advertise/??dv?ta?z/

vt.&vi.公布;宣傳;做廣告v(為...)做廣告/宣傳;(為...)登;征聘advertisefor...登廣告征聘...【同根詞】advertisementn廣告;宣傳advertisingn.廣告；廣告業(yè)；登廣告adj.廣告的；廣告業(yè)的v.公告；為…做廣告（advertise的ing形式）advertisern.廣告商corporate/?k??p?r?t/adj.公司的;法人的;社團(tuán)的【同根詞】corporationn.公司；法人（團(tuán)體）rough/r?f/adj.洶涌的;粗糙的;粗略的adj①(表面)粗糙的;(道路)崎嶇的【反smooth】aroughroad崎嶇的道路②(天氣)惡劣的;有暴風(fēng)雨的;風(fēng)浪大的roughweather狂風(fēng)暴雨的天氣③[無比較級變化]粗略的aroughestimate粗略估計④艱難的(tough);難受的havearoughtime處境艱難⑤多暴力的;犯罪率高的【同根詞】roughlyadv粗略地;大約(=about/approximately)navigator/?n?v?ɡe?t?/n.領(lǐng)航員;(飛機、船舶等上的)航行者loyal/?l???l/adj.忠誠的;忠實的aloyalfriend忠實的朋友【同根詞】

loyaltyn.[U]忠誠;忠實loyallyadv.忠誠地；誠實地beloyalto忠于…;忠誠于…motor/?m??t?(r)/n.發(fā)動機;馬達(dá)adj.有引擎的;機動車的motorvehicles

機動車candidate/?k?nd?d?t/n.候選人;應(yīng)試者makefire/略/生火makefire生火【拓展】makesure確信;證實makeup編造;組成;化妝;彌補;和解makeupfor...補償，彌補makefriendswith...與...交友makeadifference(to...)(對...)有影響，有關(guān)系makefulluseof...充分利用...makegooduseof...充分利用;很好地使用makeout理解;辨認(rèn)出;說明;填寫;設(shè)法應(yīng)付makeadecision作決定makealiving謀生，

維持生活makeanappointment約會，預(yù)約makeamistake犯錯誤makecontributions做貢獻(xiàn)giveoff/略/放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)【拓展】giveup放棄;交出giveout分發(fā),發(fā)出;公布，發(fā)表;用盡，精疲力竭givein屈服;讓步;交上giveaway放棄;泄露;分發(fā);出賣giveadvice

勸告，忠告giveoff發(fā)出(光等);長出(枝、杈等)giveitatry試一試givemeahand幫我一下giveinto...向...屈服episode/?ep?s??d/n.(人生的)一段經(jīng)歷