外研必修1Unit6詞匯重點句式短語基礎練習鞏固（練習版）

詞匯突破外研必修一Unit6Atonewithnature詞匯突破序號詞匯音標詞性及漢譯拓展/釋義wrap/r?p/v.包裏wrapwrappedwrapAinB用B把A包裹起來bewrapped被……包裹unwrapv.打開sheet/?i?t/n.（冰或水等的）一大片asheet一層;一張;一片insheets大片地frost/fr?st/n.霜frostadj.嚴寒的，霜凍的terrace/?ter?s/n.梯田dynasty/?d?n?sti/n.朝代pletion/k?m?pli??(?)n/n.完成，結束pletev.完成adj.完全的pletelyadv.徹底地，完整地region/?ri?d?(?)n/n.地區(qū)，區(qū)域regionadj.地區(qū)的，區(qū)域的therefore/?ee?f??/adv.因此，由此steep/sti?p/adj.陡的，陡峭的soil/s??l/n.土壤shallow/???l??/adj.淺的prevent/pr??vent/v.阻止，防止preventn.阻止,防止prevent...()doingsth.阻止……做某事stop...from(doing)sth...制止……keep...from(doing)sth....阻止……protect...from/against(doing)sth.保護……免受……傷害溫馨提示:短語prevent/stop/protect...from...中的from可以省略,keep...from...中的from不能省略。harmony/?hɑ?m?ni/n.融洽相處…和湝(1)harmonywith...與……協調outofharmonywith...與……不協調liveinharmony和睦相處,和諧共處(2)harmonadj.和諧的,和睦的;協調的design/d??za?n/v.設計(1)bedesignedsb./sth.為……設計bedesignedtodosth.為……而設計(2)design=onpurpose有意地,蓄意地designn.設計者;謀劃者vapour/?ve?p?/n.蒸氣harm/hɑ?m/v.傷害，損搳(1)doharmsb./sth.=dosb./sth.harm對某人/某物有害thereisnoharmindoingsth.不妨做某事(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmful對……有害(3)harmadj.無害的crop/kr?p/n.庒稼，作物agriculture/??ɡr??k?lt??/n.農業(yè)agriculturadj.農業(yè)的，農用的replace/r??ple?s/v.以…替換，更換replaceA(/byB)用(B)替換/接替/取代A“代替”的其他表達法insteadof代替inplaceof頂替,代替inone'splace代替takesb.’s/sth.'splace=taketheplaceofsb./sth.代替,替換某人/某物replacesth.=taketheplaceofsth.代替……replace...with/by...用……替換……bereplacedby被……替換replace...as取代……而成為……material/m??t??ri?l/n.材料mineral/?m?n(?)r?l/n.礦物，礦產minen.礦井，礦v.在...中開采，開采minn.曠工，采礦機consumer/k?n?sju?m?/n.消費者consumev.消耗，吞噬consumn.消耗，消耗量priority/pra???r?ti/n.優(yōu)先處理的事，當務之急adj.優(yōu)先的:先前的;在..之前prioritizev.優(yōu)先處理，按重要性排列givepriority優(yōu)先考慮，給...優(yōu)先權toppriority首要優(yōu)先級，最為重要highpriority高優(yōu)先級，高優(yōu)先權beauty/?bju?ti/n.美，美麗beautv.美化，打扮thebeautyofthesunset/ofpoetry落日/詩作之美barrier/?b?ri?/n.障礙，壁壘reef/ri?f/n.礁structure/?str?kt??/n.結構，構造，組織structuradj.結構的，建筑的living/?l?v??/adj.活的，活著的(1)living“活著的”,與alive同義,可作表語或前置定語。livingthings生物(2)alive“活著的;有活力的”,可作表語、后置定語或補語。(3)live“活的”,一般不指人,通常作前置定語;還可指“現場直播的”。experimentsonliveanimals動物活體實驗alivebroadcastoftheconcert音樂會的現場直播(4)lively“充滿活力的,生動有趣的”,可指人或物,作定語或表語。alivelycity/child充滿活力的城市/孩子organism/???ɡ?n?z(?)m/n.生物，有機體observatory/?b?z??v?t(?)ri/n.天文臺，觀象臺basin/?be?s(?)n/n.盆地，低洼地grand/ɡr?nd/adj.宏偉的，壯麗的canyon/?k?nj?n/n.峽谷valley/?v?li/n.谷，山谷narrow/?n?r??/adj.狹窄的，不寬的v.(使)變窄;(使)縮小(1)anarrowstreet/bridge狹窄的街道/橋anarrowviewoflife狹隘的人生觀haveanarrowescape死里逃生,險些遇險anarrowvictory/defeat險勝/惜敗narrowmindedadj.氣量小的,小心眼的,狹隘的(2)narrowthegap縮小差距narrow...down(to)縮小……的范圍(到...)(3)narrowadv.勉強地;狹隘地platform/?pl?tf??m/n.高臺，平臺waterfall/?w??t?f??l/n.瀑布thunder/?θ?nd?/n.打雷channel/?t??nl/n.海峽tunnel/?t?nl/n.隧道camel/?k?m(?)l/n.駱駝desert/?dez?t/n.沙漠，荒漠(1)desertadj.無人居住的;被人遺棄的(2)(形近詞)dessertn.(飯后)甜點sail/se?l/v.（乘船）航行sailorn.水手，海員climate/?kla?m?t/n.氣候climatadj.氣候的，與氣候相關的climaticallyadv.氣候上，風土上inside/?n?sa?d/adv.在（建筑物，房間）內publish/?p?bl??/v.出版publishv.出版人/機構詞語辨析：publish與eoutpublish是及物動詞,可用于被動語態(tài)。eout是不及物動詞短語,不能用于被動語態(tài)。green?ngers高超的種植技能sunflower/?s?n?fla??/n.向日葵expert/?eksp??t/adj.內行的，專家的beexpert/in/on(doing)sth.是某方面的專家beanexpertat/in/on(doing)sth.是某方面的專家branch/brɑ?nt?/n.樹枝rent/rent/v.租用，租借n.租金rentsth.sb.從某人那里租用某物rentsth.()tosb.把某物出租給某人rent(尤用于告示)出租,招租 amonth'srentinadvance預付的月租金rooftop/?ru?ft?p/n.屋頂thistle/?θ?s(?)l/n.薊limited/?l?m?t?d/adj.有限的(1)belimitedsth.受限制于……(2)limitn.&vt.界限;限度;限定;限制put/setalimitto...對……設限制withinthelimitsof在……的范圍內withoutlimit無限(制)地limitsth.tosth.把……限定在……范圍內(3)limitadj.無限制的;無界限的bene?t/?ben?f?t/n.好處，益處v.使受益;得益于benefitsb./sth.對某人/某物有益benefit/by...得益于……,從……中受益benefiadj.有益的有利的,有幫助的thebenefitof...為了……的利益=forsb.'sbenefittosb.'sbenefit對某人有利beofbenefitto...(=bebeneficialto...)對……有益herb/h??b/n.（用于調味）香草pleasant/?plez(?)nt/adj.令人愉快的flavour/?fle?v?/n.味，味道energy/?en?d?i/n.力量，活力fullofenergy精力充沛;富含能量havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事energadj.精力充沛的system/?s?st?m/n.系統systematicadj.有系統的，有規(guī)則的systematicallyadv.有系統地，有組織地，有條不紊地重點句式結構分析重點句式結構分析Summerseesthemountainsturnbrightgreenwithgrowingrice.夏日里,稻谷生長,山頂呈現一片鮮明的綠色。句式剖析句中的名詞Summer作主語。在英語句子中,我們經常遇到無生命名詞作主語的情況,這種句子在英語中比漢語中出現得要多,而科技文和散文中的這類句子更為常見。許多動詞與作主語的無生命名詞連用,表示無生命事物的運動、變化、狀態(tài)和作用。①Asnightfell,thegreatwesttowersstillstoodagainstthesky,proudbutvulnerable.夜幕降臨,巍峨的西部塔依然聳立在那里,直入云霄,雄偉但脆弱。②Thenewworkinghourscausedalotofbadfeelingsatthefactory.新工時制讓工廠的工人們特別不滿。補全句子①Theoldtemple(see)ofthevillageinthepasttwohundredyears.這座古廟見證了過去二百年里這個村莊的巨大變遷。②Theendofthemovie(find)anddefeated. 在電影結尾,他們遭遇孤獨和失敗。③Asisknowntoall,2003(see)ofChina'sfirstmannedspaceship.眾所周知,中國在2003年成功發(fā)射了第一艘載人飛船。Duringtherainyseason,itisalongthesewaterwaysthatrainwatermovesdownthemountainsandintotheterraces.在雨季,雨水是沿著這些水路從山上流下進入梯田的。句式剖析Itis...that是強調句型,本句強調了地點狀語強調句型的常用形式:(1)陳述句形式:Itis/was+被強調成分+that/who+其他成分(2)一般疑問句形式:Is/Wasit+被強調成分+that/who+其他成分?(3)特殊疑問句形式:特殊疑問詞+is/wasitthat+其他成分?(4)notuntil的強調句式:Itis/wasnotuntil...that+其他成分①Itisinthehallthattheyhavehadameeting.他們是在禮堂舉行了會議。②ItwaslastsummerthatIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.我是去年夏天從那所大學畢業(yè)的。③Wasityesterdaythattheyattendedalectureabouttheenvironmentalprotection?是在昨天他們聽了一個關于環(huán)保的報告嗎?④Whatisitthatcausesthechangeinseasons?是什么造成了季節(jié)的變化?⑤ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIlearnedit.直到昨天我才聽說這件事。溫馨提示:“It’s...that...”強調句型的注意事項:(1)不用于強調謂語動詞;(2)強調主語且指人時that可換成who;(3)去掉“it's”“that/who”后句子結構仍完整。單句語法填空①Manypeoplehopetopossessgreatwealth,butasamatteroffact,itishealthreallycounts.②ItwasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearhemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.③I'vereadanotherbookthisweek.Well,maybeisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.Thereasonsforwhichtheyprefernaturaldyesarethatthecoloursarebrighterandcanbekeptlonger.他們喜歡天然染料的原因就是色彩鮮艷,保持時間長。句式剖析當主語是reason時,表語從句一般用that引導(注意:不能誤用because)。①ThereasonwhyIwassadwasthathedidn'tunderstandme.我難過的原因是他不理解我。②Thereasonforyourfailureintheexamwasthatyouweremuchtoocareless.你考試不及格的原因是太粗心。單句語法填空①Onereasonformylivinginthecountrysideisithasnoairpollution.②Peoplelikehimandonereasonishehasasenseofhumour.③Thereasonyoudidn'tpassthedrivingtestwasthatyouhadn'tpracticedenough.Today,millionsofBritsliketosaythattheyhave“greenfingers",witharoundhalfthepopulationspendingtheirfreetimegardening.今天,數以百萬計的英國人喜歡說他們是園藝高手,大約有一半的人把空閑時間都花在園藝上。句式剖析句中witharoundhalfthepopulationspendingtheirfreetimegardening為with復合結構,其構成是:現在分詞表示主動意義,強調動作正在進行 with+n./pron.+賓補 過去分詞表示被動意義,強調動作的完成 不定式表示尚未發(fā)生的動作形容詞/副詞/介詞短語表示狀態(tài)Shecametoariverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.她來到了一個兩邊長著紅花綠草的小河邊。單句語法填空①Withtheboy(lead)theway,wehadnodifficultyinfindinghishome.②Withthekey(lose),hehadtowaitoutsidethedoor.③Withsomuchwork(do),Ihavenotimeforaholiday.AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.雖然許多英國人最喜歡在星期天修剪草,但也有些人很高興能坐在樹枝下欣賞他們周圍世界的美。句式剖析nothingbetterthan為“否定詞+比較級”結構,表示最高級意義,通常譯為“沒有比……更……的,沒有像……一樣……的”。常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。①There'snothingbetterforyouthanplentyofwaterandsleep.你最好多喝水多休息。②Thereisnothingbetterthanthis.沒有什么比這更好。知識拓展表示最高級意義的常用比較級結構還有:anyother+單數名詞all(the)other+復數名詞比較級+than+ anyone/anythingelse anyoftheother+復數名詞therestof+復數名詞或不可數名詞③Heworksharderthananyotherstudent.他學習最努力。④Tomcaredmoreformoneythanforanythingelse.Tom最看重金錢。單句語法填空①HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?I'veneverhada(pleasant)onebefore.一句多譯這本書對我影響最大。②Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.③Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.④Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.⑤Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethan.重點短語積累重點短語積累1.bewrappedin被……包裹著 2.behometo是……的故鄉(xiāng)/家園/棲息地3.gotothetroubletodo不辭辛勞地去做 4.o...把……變成……5.prevent...from阻止…… 6.washaway沖走7.inharmonywith與……協調一致 8.provide...forsb.為某人提供……9.beatonewithnature與自然融為一體 10.reflecton反思11.replaceAwithB用B代替A 12.givepriorityto優(yōu)先考慮13.beexpertatdoingsth.擅長做某事 14.havegreenfingers有高超的種植技能15.asfarastheeyecansee目之所及 16.passsth.down使世代相傳,流傳 17.asheetofpaper一張紙 18.intheYuanDynasty在元朝19.designaplatform設計一個平臺 20.harmthecrops危害莊稼21.industryandagriculture工農業(yè) 22.anapartmentforrent公寓出租23.apleasantflavour令人愉快的味道24.fromthebottomtotheverytop從底部到頂部;從底層到頂層25.gotosomuchtrouble如此大費周章26.preventthesoilfrombeingwashedaway防止土壤流失27.feedon(動物)以……為食28.beemorepopularwithconsumers更受消費者歡迎29.atoppriority當務之急;重中之重 30.remindsb...of提醒某人…… 31.protectnature'sbeauty保護自然之美 32.separate......from把……和……分開33.withalengthof長度為……的34.anexpertat/in/on(doing)sth.在某方面的專家;做某事的專家35.allowwindtopassthrough讓風穿過 36.soundlike聽起來像 37.inthe5thcenturyBC在公元前5世紀 38.belikelytodosth.可能做某事39.Itisestimatedthat... 據估計…. 40.millionsof數百萬的 41.greenfingers 高超的種植技能 42.enterintopetitions參加競賽43.nothingbetterthan 沒有什么比……更好的了 44.leadto導致45.(be) indoubtabout對……有疑問 46.haveapositiveeffecton對…有積極的影響47.takeamomenttodosth.花點時間做某事 48.onceagain再一次基礎練習鞏固基礎練習鞏固一、用單詞的適當形式完成句子1．Thankstothe(agriculture)development,farmersareleadingahappylife.2．Whenyougototroubleofsettinggoals,keepthemtoamanageablenumber.3．Thereisagrowingawarenessthatthe(prevent)ofenvironmentalpollutionisextremelyimportant.4．Humanspasstheirskillsandknowledgetothenextgenerationsthrougheducation.5．Thegardenerhascutdownallthedead(branch)fromthetree.6．Thefactisthatabalanceddietcankeepus(energy)everyday.7．Whenyouaredoubtaboutthemeaningofaword,consultadictionary.8．Thebook(publish)manyyearsago,describesthebeautifulandmysteriousShangrilar(理想樂園)．9．TheoldmanwithIoftengototheparkismygrandfather.10．CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswhichI’mnotsure?11．Themost(pleasure)thingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.12．Shereflectedwhetherthelearningmethodissuitableforheraftertheexam.13．Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybe(benefit)forhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.14．We’rejusttryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdownandtalkpeacefully.15．(limit)thoughtimewas,theymanagedtoachievemuchaftertakingaseriesofmeasures.16．Manyparentshave(limit)knowledgeaboutwhatabalanceddietis.17．Withthegreatfireworkshow,wewillhavea(please)evening.18．Atthattime,allthenewbuildings(design)inatraditionalway.19．Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93to94.Wewereonly(narrow)beaten.20．Theprojectisdesigned(improve)thesurroundingsofthismunitytomakepeoplehappier.21．Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinamore(harmony)society.2