專題22 閱讀理解（科普或環(huán)境保護(hù)類或健康類）（第01期）-中考英語(yǔ)試題分項(xiàng)版解析匯編

1、【2015年安徽省初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Doyousleepwell?Ifyouranswerisno,thefollowingmighthelpyou.SetacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeAcertainbedtimeandrisingtimecanhelpyoubuildupyourbodyclocks.Setabedtimewhichisgoodandnaturalforyou.Don’tchangeyourbedtimeandrisingtimeonweekends.AvoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleepingExcitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning.Atthesametime,ifyoumaketomorrow’splanorreadanexcitingstorybeforeturningoffthelight,itdoesn’tgiveyouenoughtimetorelaxbeforeyoutrytosleep.KeepthebedroomforsleepingonlyIt’sabadhabitforyoutouseyourbedroomasaplacetoeat,watchTV,read,talkonthephone,ordiscussimportantmatterswithyourfamilymembers.Breakthathabittogetbettersleep.Don’tgotobedtooearlyYourbodyusuallyletsyousleeponlythenumberofhoursitneeds.Youshoulddecidehowmanyhoursyoumustsleepinordernottoexperiencedaytimesleepiness.TakeawarmshowerbeforeyourbedtimeAtwenty-minutewarmshoweratatemperatureofabout45–50notonlyisagreatrelaxatday’send,butalsoraisesyourbodytemperaturebyseveraldegrees.Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymakeyoufeelsleepy.80.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocks,youshould______.A.setacertainbedtimeandrisingtime B.gotobedneithertooearlynortoolateC.keepthebedroomforsleepingonly D.takeawarmshowerbeforesleeping81.Whyshouldyouavoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping?A.BecausetheywillgetyourthoughtsrunningB.Becauseyouhavetomaketomorrow’spalnC.BecauseyoushouldreadanexcitingstoryD.Becauseyouwillhavetoturnoffthelight.82.Yourbedroomshouldbekeptfor______only.A.talking B.eating C.reading D.sleeping83.Accordingtothepassage,______willmakeyoufeelsleepy.A.takingacoldshower B.yourbodytemperaturedroppingC.yourdailyexperience D.raisingyourbodytemperature2．【廣東省2015年中考英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（30分）ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(鉛)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn;tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.61.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia62.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.焚燒B.障礙C.回收D.掩埋63.ThetownofGuiyainGuangdongProvince_________.A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollutionC.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste64.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment__________.A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercompliesC.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers65.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste3、【廣州市2015年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試英語(yǔ)】閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所級(jí)的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?Nowthatwouldbehard!Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortagechocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,newplantdiseasesandlittleraininIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproductionby40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersinAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountrieslikeIndonesiaandVenezuelaarechangingtoeasier-to-growcropssuchascornorrubber.Thisway,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmakesurethenewplantsaresafetogrow.Thistakesalongtime.First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsixmonthstomakesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’redisease-free,willtheplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverelsetheyareneeded.Tocreatenewstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsattheCentrearecombiningthebestpartsfromdifferentcocoaplants.Thoughtheworldisfacingaseriouschocolateshortage,thereisnowhope!51.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat______.A.chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB.theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolateC.peoplelovevegetablesmorethanchocolateD.it’snotnecessarytoeatsomuchchocolate52.Inwhichcountrieshaschocolatebecomemorepopularinrecentyears?A.VenezuelaandIndonesia.B.IvoryCoastandGhana.C.IndonesiaandChina.D.ChinaandIndia.53.Cocoafarmersarechoosingtogrowrubberandcornbecausethesecrops______.A.canmakethemmoremoneyB.needlessraintogrowC.canbeplantedmoretimeseachyearD.arenotdamagedbyplantdiseases54.HowlongdoesittakescientistsattheCentretomakesureacocoaplantissafetogrow?A.6months.B.12months.C.24months.D.30months.55.WhatisoneofthepurposesoftheCocoaControlCentre?A.Tointroducecocoaproductiontomorecountries.B.ToprovidemorechocolateforBritishpeople.C.Toproducestrongertypesofcocoaplants.D.Tomakesurethatcocoaishealthytoeat.4、【2015年襄陽(yáng)市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（本大題滿分30分，每小題2分）閱讀下面三篇材料，根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。Imagineoneday,thewatertaps(水龍頭)inyourhousestoprunning.Youhavetobuywaterfromshops.Andstillthereisn’tenoughforeveryone.Yourmotherhastosavethefamily’sshowerwatertodootherthings.Wouldyoubeabletostandthatkindoflife?Probablynot.Butthat’swhatkidsinYemenareexperiencing.ExpertssaidYemenisgoingtobethefirstcountryintheworldtorunoutofwater.Accordingtoareport,thecapital,Sana,willrunoutofdrinkingwaterasearlyas2025.Becauseoftheshortage,thegovernmentoftencutsthewatersupply(供應(yīng)).Hannan,an18-year-oldfromLahej,toldTimes:“Inagoodweekwe’llhaveawatersupplyallweek.Butthenthefollowingweektherewillbewateronlyforadayortwo.”Hannansaidonlyrichpeoplehaveenoughwatertouse.Theycanbuywaterfromtheshopsorfromthewatertrucks.Privatecompaniesownthetrucks.Theytravelaroundthecityeverydaytosellwater—atveryhighprices.“Alotofpeoplecan’taffordit,”shesaid.Theaverage(平均)personinYemenuses100to200cubic（立方）metersofwaterperyear.Thatisfarbelowtheinternationalwaterpoverty(貧困)lineof1,000cubicmeters.Thegovernmentisthinkingofmakinguseofseawater.ButitwillcostalotanditmaynothappensoonenoughtohelpthepeopleofYemen.56._____________isthenameofthecapitalcityofYemen.A.SanaB.LahejC.HannanD.Times57.AreportshowsthatSanawillhave____________asearlyas2025.A.enoughdrinkingwatertouseB.nodrinkingwatertouseC.noprivatecompaniesD.morewaterpollution58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortage”inthethirdparagraphmeaninChinese?A.充足B.短缺C.干旱D.需求[來源:學(xué)59.Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethat_____________.A.thepoordon’thavetoworryaboutthewatersupplyB.the18-year-oldboyisfromapoorfamilyC.privatecompaniesmakealotofmoneyD.Lahejisabeautifulplace60.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtoSaveWaterB.HowtoMakeUseofSeawaterC.HowPeopleUseWaterFullyD.YemenisFacingSeriousWaterShortage5、【2015年襄陽(yáng)市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（本大題滿分30分，每小題2分）Aseriousearthquakecanbeaterribleexperience,anditiseasytoforgetsafetymeasures(措施)indisorder(混亂).Fortunately,mostearthquakesafetymeasuresarecommonsense,butifyouforgeteverythingelse,re-memberthefollowinginstructions:drop,cover,andholdon.Also,mostofearthquakedeathshap-penaftertheearthquake,sorememberthatthedangerdoesnotendwhentheshakingdoes!Ifyoustayindoorsduringanearthquake,moveawayfromunsupportedareasandwindows.Trytogetunderadoorwayoranotherareaofthebuildingwhichisheldupbystrongbeams(梁).Stayunderatableordeskonlyifitisverystrong.Donotrushtolifts,becauseitisfarsafertostaywhereyouare.Coveryourheadwithyourarmsarounditandcurl(蜷縮)intoaball,andwaitfortheshakingtostop.Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,movetoanareawhichisasopenaspossible.Don’tmovetobuild-ings,electricpolesandotherobjectswhichmayfallduringanearthquakeandinjureyou.Protectyourheadandstaylowtothegroundtilltheshakingendsanditissafetomove.Afteranearthquake,manybuildingsarelessstrong,althoughtheyappearsafe.Ifyoustayindoors,movepeoplefromthebuildingquicklyandhelpdisabledorinjuredpeople.Onceoutdoors,movewellawayfromthebuildingsothatifitfallsdown,youwillnotbeinjured.Waittillpublicsafetyofficialsan-nouncethatitissafetostayindoors.Byplanningaheadandkeepingcalmduringanearthquake,youcangreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival(生存)withoutinjury.61.Theunderlinedword“Fortunately”inthefirstparagraphmeans____________.A.especiallyB.graduallyC.luckilyD.finally62.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatearthquakesafetymeasures____________.A.areplannedforchildrenB.helpustokeepsafeC.arenotnecessaryD.arenoteasytounderstand63.Accordingtothepassage,itisn’tagoodchoice___________duringanearthquake.A.totakealiftB.tostayunderastrongtableC.togetunderadoorwayD.tocovertheheadwitharmsaroundit64.Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,youcandoallthefollowingexcept___________.A.tryingtoprotectyourheadB.movingtoanopenplaceC.movingawayfrombuildingsD.takingthedisabledpeopleintotheroom65.Thepurposeofthepassageismainlytotellushowto____________.A.stayawayfromanearthquakeB.predictanearthquakeC.controlanearthquakeD.keepsafeduringandafteranearthquake 6、【湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市2015年中考英語(yǔ)試題】短文理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答問題或完成句子。（共15小題，計(jì)30分）難度：★★Haveyoueverheardofe-waste(electricwaste,電子垃圾),whichcanbeproducedeveryday?Howdoyoudealwithyourcomputers,MP4playersandmobilephoneswhenthey’rebrokenoryouwantanewone?Mostpeoplejustthrowthemaway.Withthedevelopmentofelectricindustry,e-wastepollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.AccordingtotheUnitedNations,in2014,peoplearoundtheworldproduced41.8milliontonsofe-wasteandonlyrecycled6.5milliontons.TheUSwasthebiggestwaster,producing7.1milliontons.Chinacamesecond,with6milliontons.It’simportanttopayattentiontoe-waste.Itcaneitherbevaluableorharmful（有害的）,dependingonhowwedealwithit.E-wasteisavaluableurbanmine（城市礦藏）.Thevalueofthemetals,likegoldandsilverinthewastearoundtheworld,isamazing.Andthemetalscanbereused.Butifpeoplethrowthemaway,thetoxicchemicals（有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)）

cangetintotheearthorair,

effecting

theenvironmentandpeople’shealth.Apple,forexample,nowrecyclepeople’susedproductsinChinawhentheyarebuyingnewones.Thecompanywilltestandrepairtheusedonesandsellthematlowerprices.Tohelpreduce（減少）e-waste,wecanalsotakecomputersandphonestoseeifcompaniesofferrecyclingprograms.56.Thefollowingcanbecomee-waste

EXCEPT_____.

A.computers

B.mobilephones

C.plasticbags57.Whichcountryproducedmoste-wastelastyearaccordingtotheUnitedNations?A.America.

B.China.

C.Japan.58.Whatdoestheunderlineword

“affecting”

meaninthispassage?

A.

保護(hù)

B.

影響

C.

改善59.FromParagraph4,welearnthat_____.

A.therecycleAppleproductswillbesoldathigherprices.

B.buyinglongerlastingelectronicproductsisagoodwaytoreducee-waste.

C.it’sbettertokeeptheunwantedelectronicsinyourbedroom.60.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto_____.

A.provethate-wasteisuseless.

B.encouragepeopletobuymoreelectronicproducts.

C.advisepeopletodealwithe-wasteproperlytoreducepollution.7、【內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市2015年中考英語(yǔ)試題】【湖南省婁底市2015年中考英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（共四節(jié)，25小題，計(jì)50分）第一節(jié)判斷正誤閱讀下面短文，判斷下列句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容，符合的寫（A），不符合的寫(B)。（共5小題，計(jì)10分）Thisisnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultotheenvironment.Withoutafin,asharkcannolongerswimandslowlydies.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchainintheocean’secosystem.Iftheirnumbersdroptoolow,itwillbringdangertoalloceanlife.Infact,around70millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.Thenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefallenbyover90percentinthelast20to30years.Helpsavethesharks!41.SharkfinsoupispopularinnorthernChina.42.Noscientificstudiesshowthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.43.Withoutafin,asharkcan’tswimanylongerandslowlydies.44.Infact,around50millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.45.Weshouldhelpsavethesharks.8、【山東省泰安市2015年中考英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）Onschoolnights,lotsofkidshavetodotheirreadingbeforetheyareallowedtowatchTV.Prettysoon,youmightgettodobothatthesametime,intrueHarryPotterstyle.Severalcompaniesareracingtoproduceelectronicpaperandink,completewithcolorsandmovingimagines(圖像).OneideawouldbetocreateanewspaperlikeTheDailyProjectintheHarryPotterbooks.Itspageswouldholdvideoclipsofbaseballgamesinsteadofjustblack-and-whitephotos.Electronicpaperisnotanewidea.AcompanyinMassachusettscalledEink,forexample,hasbeenworkingforyearsonsuchatechnology.Littleelectricitydetermines(決定)whethereachmicrosphere(灌球)looksblackorwhiteatanygiventime.Together,microspheresmakeupwordsandimagines.Thetechniquesseemspromisingforcreatingstillimaginesthatcanbechangedwhenneeded,buttheprocess(進(jìn)程)istooslowforgoodvideos.ScientistsintheNetherlandsnowreportanewtypeofe-papertechnology.Byusinglayers(層)ofoil,therequirements.Theycanalsomakeimageswhichchangefastenoughtomeetstandardvideorequirements.Theycanalsomakebrilliantcolors,.Sofar,however,eachimageissmallerthanthefingernail.Fornow,readingandwatchingTVwillhavetoreturntwoseparateactivities.Keepyoureyesopen,though,inthefuture,TVwatchingandreadingmightbepartofthesamework.61.Accordingtothepassage,kidssooncan.A.beallowedtowatchTVB.watchTVwhiledoingtheirhomeworkC.watchHarryPotteronTVD.beallowedtoreadanewspaper62.Severalcompaniesareracingto.A.MaketheHarryPotterTVprogramB.createanewspaperliketheTheDailyProjectC.providebaseballgamesforkidsD.produceelectronicpaperwithcolorsandmovingimages63.Whatdeterminestheblackandwhitecolorofeachmicrosphere?A.ImagesB.ElectricityC.OilandinkD.Fingernail64.WhichofthefollowinginNOTtrue?A.Electronicpaperisnotanewidea.B.Microspheresmakeupwordsandimages.C.NowTVwatchingandreadingispartofthesamework.D.Scientistsuselayersofoilinanewresearch.65.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat.A.scientistsarestillworkingonthenewtechnologyB.kidslovetoredwhilewatchingTVC.parentsmaybeagainstthisnewideaD.teachersmaynotteachstudentsanymore9、【2015浙江省杭州市中考英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ThefollowingisaQUIZ(自測(cè))fromamagazine.Questions1Point2Points3PointsWheredoyoulive?inavillageinatowninacityHowdoyougotowork/school?bywalking/bicyclebytrain/bus/subwaybydrivingasmallcarHowmanytimesayeardoyouflyonairplanes?123Howmanyhoursofelectricitydoyouuseeachday(e.g.watchingTV,keepinglightson)?0-6hours6-12hours12-18hoursHowoftendoyourecycle?almostalwaysoftensometimesTotalPointsResult7Lesspollutionthantheaverage(平均)person8-10Asmuchpollutionastheaverageperson11-13Alittlemorepollutionthantheaverageperson14-14AlotmorepollutionthantheaveragepersonWhichofthefollowingmakestheleastpollution?A.Livingprettywellinabigcity. B.Flyingonplanesonlytwiceayear.C.Almostalwaysrecyclingusedthings. D.Using15hoursofelectricityeachday.Howmanypointsdoestheaveragepersonget?A.7points. B.8-10points. C.11-13points. D.14-15points.43.Tomlivesinacity,goestoworkbysubway,fliesonairplanesonceayear,uses15hoursofelectricityaday,ansometimesrecyclesusedthings.Howmanypointsdoesheget?A.11points. B.12points. C.13points. D.14points.Whichoffollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthequiz?A.WhereDoYouLive? B.WhatDoYouRecycle?C.WhyDoWeTravel? D.HowGreenAreYou?10、【2015浙江省杭州市中考英語(yǔ)試題】閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Areyoushy?Ifyouare,youarenotalone.Infact,closeto50percentofpeopleareshy.Almost80percentofpeoplefeelshyatsomepointintheirlives.Thesedays,shynessisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.Now,scientistsaretryingtounderstandshyness.Theyhavesomeinterestingideasaboutwhypeopleareshy.Isitpossibletobebornshy?Manyscientistssayyes.Theysay15to20percentofbabiesbehaveshyly.Thesebabiesarealittlequieterandmorewatchfulthanotherbabies.Interestingly,theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents.Asaresult,scientiststhinkthatsomeshynessisgenetic.Familysizemightcausepeopletobeshyaswell.ScientistsatHarvardYoumayalsobeshybecauseofwhereyouwereborn.Whenscientistsstudiedshynessindifferentcountries.Theyfoundsurprisingdifferences.InJapan,mostpeoplesaidtheywereshy.ButinIsrael,onlyoneofthreepeoplesaidso.Whatexplainsthedifference?OnescientistsaystheJapaneseandIsraelishavedifferentopinionsoffailure.InJapan,whenpeopledonotsucceed,theyfeelbadaboutthemselves.Theyblame（責(zé)備）themselvesfortheirfailure.InIsrael,theoppositeistrue.Israelisoftenblamefailureonoutsidereasons,suchasfamily,teachers,friends,orbadluck.InIsrael,freedomofopinionandrisktakingarestronglysupported.ThismaybewhyIsraelisworrylessaboutfailureandarelessshy.Forshypeople,itcanbedifficulttomakefriends,speakinclass,andevengetagoodjob.Butscientistssayyoucangetoveryourshyness.Theysuggesttryingnewthingsandpracticingconversation.Anddon’tforgetifyouareshy,youarenottheonlyone.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Happiness. B.Shyness. C.Kindness. D.loneliness.51.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“genetic”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Passeddownfromparents. B.Learnedfromfriends.C.Taughtbyteachers. D.Madeupbybrothers.52.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Mostlittlebabiesarebornshyandquiet.B.Ifyouareshynow,youwillbeshyforever.C.Manyshychildrenhaveolderbrothersandsisters.D.MostIsraelipeopleareshyofexpressingopinions.53.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______maycauseshyness.A.genetics,grown--upsandbirthplace B.genetics,familysizeandbirthplaceC.familysize,grown--upsa