專題17 完形填空（科普或環(huán)境保護類或健康類）（第02期）-中考英語試題分項版解析匯編 帶解析

1、【廣東省梅州市2015年中考英語試題】完形填空。（本題共10分，每小題1分）閱讀下面短文，然后根據短文內容，從各題所給的四個選項中，選出一個最佳答案，并將答題卡上對應題目所選的選項涂黑。Theweatheriscloselyrelated(聯系)toourlife.Itisallaroundusallthetime.Itisanimportantpartofourlives.Wecannotcontrolit,butitoftencontrolshowand46welive,whatwedo,whatwewearandwhatweeat.Readthispassageandlearn47abouttheweather.Whatistheweather?Theweatherisjustthestateoftheatmosphere48anytime,suchastemperature,wind,49,sun,etc.Whatmakestheweatherchange?Asweknow,noteveryplaceontheearthgetsthesameamountofsunlight.Someplacesget50sunlight,soit’swarmerinthoseplaces.However,someplacesgetlittle51nosunlightinwinter.Thenthoseplaceshavecoldertemperatures.Thesedifferencesintemperaturemaketheairandwater52aroundtheearth.Themovementhelpstotaketheheatenergyfromthesunacrosstheearth.Sothe53changes.What’sthedifferencebetweenweatherandclimate?Climateisaplace’sweatheroveralongtime.Theweatherchangesfromdaytodayand54fromhourtohour.Itcanbesunnyinthemorningandcoldandwetintheafternoon.Buttheclimatechangesvery55overlotsofyears.46.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when47.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.everything48.A.inB.forC.onD.at49.A.waterB.rainC.plantD.animal50.A.muchB.moreC.littleD.less51.A.andB.soC.orD.but52.A.moveB.movesC.movedD.moving53.A.sunB.earthC.weatherD.sunlight54.A.alreadyB.almostC.everD.even55.A.differentlyB.slowlyC.carefullyD.easily【答案】46.A47.C48.D49.B50.B51.C52.A53.C54.D55.B47.C考查不定代詞及語境理解。句意：讀這篇短文學會一些有關天氣的知識。A.anything任何東西；B.nothing什么也沒有；C.something一些東西；D.everything所有東西。學習“一些東西”，故選C。48.D考查介詞及語境理解。句意：天氣只是大氣隨時的狀態(tài)。隨時，在任何時候：atanytime。故選D。49.B考查名詞及語境理解。句意：天氣只是大氣隨時的狀態(tài)，比如溫度、風、太陽等等。A.water水；B.rain雨；C.plant植物；D.animal動物。與溫度，風，太陽相并列的天氣因素是“雨”，故選B。50.B考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：有些地方得到的陽光多，因此那些地方更暖和些。A.much許多；B.more更多；C.little幾乎沒有；D.less更少。更暖和的地方，得到的陽光更多。故選B。51.C考查連詞及語境理解。句意：然而，有些地方冬天得到很少或是得不到陽光。A.and并且，表示并列；B.so因此，表示結果；C.or或者，表示選擇；D.but但是，表示轉折。很少、沒有兩者選擇，故選C。52.A考查動詞及語境理解。句意：這些氣溫的不同使得空氣和水繞著地球移動。使某人做某事：makesbdosth，用省to的不定式作賓語補足語，故選A。53.C考查名詞及語境理解。句意：因此，天氣變化了。本要點是解釋“Whatmakestheweatherchange?”（什么使天氣變化），本句是本段最后一句，作總結，可以推測出這里是填weather。故選C。54.D考查副詞及語境理解。句意：天氣一天天地變化甚至一小時一小時變化。A.already已經；B.almost幾乎，差不多；C.ever曾經；D.even甚至，更。前句說一天天地轉變；后句說一小時一小時轉變，可以推測出填“甚至”，故選D?！究键c定位】考查科普類短文閱讀。2.【廣東省汕尾市2015年初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試英語試題】完型填空Theweatheriscloselyrelated(聯系)toourlife.Itisallaroundusallthetime.Itisanimportantpartofourlives.Wecannotcontrolit,butitoftencontrolshowand46welive,whatwedo,whatwewearandwhatweeat.Readthispassageandlearn47abouttheweather.Whatistheweather?Theweatherisjustthestateoftheatmosphere48anytime,suchastemperature,wind,49,sun,etc.Whatmakestheweatherchange?Asweknow,noteveryplaceontheearthgetsthesameamountofsunlight.Someplacesget50sunlight.Soit’swarmerinthoseplaces.Someplacesgetlittle51nosunlightinwinter.Thenthoseplaceshavecoldertemperatures.Thesedifferencesintemperaturemaketheairandwater52aroundtheearth.Themovementhelpstotaketheheatenergyfromthesunacrosstheearth.Sothe53changes.What’sthedifferencebetweenweatherandclimate?Climateisaplace’sweatheroveralongtime.Theweatherchangesfromdaytodayand54fromhourtohour.Itcanbesunnyinthemorning,coldandwetintheafternoon.Buttheclimatechangesvery55overlotsofyears.46.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when47.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.everything48.A.inB.forC.onD.at49.A.waterB.rainC.plantD.animal50.A.muchB.moreC.littleD.less51.A.andB.soC.orD.but52.A.moveB.tomoveC.movingD,moved53.A.sunB.earthC.weatherD.sunlight54.A.alreadyB.almostC.everD.even55.A.differentlyB.slowlyC.carefullyD.easily【答案】46.A47.C48.D49.B50.B51.C52.A53.C54.D55B47.C考查不定代詞及語境的理解。句意：讀下面的文章，我們可以了解到一些有關天氣的情況。A任何事；B沒有事；C一些事；D一切。因為本句是肯定句，所以應該用something，故選C。48.D考查介詞及語境的理解。句意：天氣只是在任何時候的氣氛狀態(tài)。A.在……里；B.對于；C.在……上；D.atanytime在任何時候。這里是固定短語atanytime在任何時候。根據句意，故選D。49.B考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：例如溫度，風，雨，太陽等等。A.水；B.雨；C.植物；D.動物。根據前面可知描述天氣變化應該用雨水。根據句意，故選B。50.B考查副詞及語境的理解。句意：一些地方有更多的陽光。A.很多修飾不可數名詞或比較級；B.更多的；C.少的；D.更少的。根據Soit’swarmerinthoseplaces.可知，由于陽光多，所以更加暖和。句意，故選B。51.C考查連詞及語境的理解。句意：一些地方在冬季有很少或沒有陽光。A.并且表示前后是并列關系；B.因此，表示前后是因果關系；C.或者，表示前后是選擇關系；D但是，表示前后是轉折關系。根據nosunlightinwinter可知，或者陽光少，或者就沒有陽光。前后是選擇關系，故選C。52.A考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：不同的溫度叫空氣和水繞著地球轉。此題考查固定短語makesbdosth叫某人做某事。結合句意，故選A。53.C考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：因此天氣會發(fā)生變化。A.太陽；B.地球；C.天氣；D.陽光。根據changes可知，這里指的是天氣變化。故選C。55.B考查副詞及語境的理解。句意：但是很多年來氣候變化非常緩慢。A.不同地；B.慢地；C.仔細地；D.容易地。根據常識可知，天氣變化很大，但是氣候變化不大，故選B。【考點定位】自然現象類短文。3、【山東省煙臺市2015年中考英語試題】完形填空（15分）Itisimportanttohavepositive(積極的)feelingsinourdailylife.Compared31someunhappypeople,thosewhoarealwayspleasedandrelaxedarelesslikelytosufferfromcolds,32anewstudy.TheresearchersfromNewYorkUniversitysaid,“33“Itseemsthatpositivefeelingsmayreducethe34ofillness,”saidthechiefresearcherSheldonCohen.Inanearlierstudy,Cohenfoundthatpeoplewhowere35caughtcoldslessoften.Andtheyseldomtoldtheirdoctorsthattheyfelt36.Inthisstudy,Cohen’steaminterviewed193adultseverydayfortwoweeks.Inthis37,thepeopletoldresearchersabout38happyorsadfeelingsthatday.Twoweekslater,allofthemweremadetocatchcoldsbydoctors,andtheyhadtostay39inTheresults40thateachinthestudywasequal(平等的)tofallill.41peoplewhowerelivelyandrelaxedsaidtheyfelthappyduringtheresearch.Theirillnesseswerelessseriousandlastedfora42time.Cohenbelievesthat43peoplehavepositivefeelings,theirbodymayproduceakindofchemicalthathelpsto44illnesses.Soifyou45yourhealth,pleaselookonthebrightsideandmakeyourselfhappyallthetime31.A.to B.with C.in D.of32.A.asfor B.becauseof C.insteadof D.accordingto33.A.Beinghappy B.Beingcareful C.Beingangry D.Beingnervous34.A.hope B.safety C.freedom D.danger35.A.painful B.proud C.cheerful D.clever 36.A.active B.uncomfortable C.scared D.comfortable37.A.moment B.field C.period D.times38.A.themselvesB.their C.its D.theirs39.A.alone B.hardly C.lonely D.brave 40.A.expected Breminded C.agreed D.showed41.A.But B.Or C.So D.And42.A.longer B.fewer C.shorter D.more 43.A.why B.which C.whether D.when44.A.afford B.fight C.cost D.support45.A.careabout B.lookfor C.pickup D.getover【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.D35.C36.B37.C38.B39.A40.D41.A42.C43.D44.B45.A32.D考查短語介詞及語境理解。句意：根據一項新的研究。A.asfor至于，對于；B.becauseof因為，后跟短語；C.insteadof而不是，代替，后跟名詞及名詞性短語；D.accordingto根據，據……所說。根據一項新的研究，用accordingto。故選D。33.A考查分詞短語及語境理解。句意：高興幫助身體預防疾病。A.Beinghappy高興；B.Beingcareful細心；C.Beingangry生氣；D.Beingnervous焦慮。根據研究結果，開心放松者比不開心者少感冒，可以推測出，高興可以幫助身體抵御病魔。故選A。34.D考查名詞及語境理解。句意：好像積極的情緒可以減少疾?。篈.hope希望；B.safety安全；C.freedom自由；D.danger危險。根據短文大意，可以推測出，情緒好，不易生病，可以減少生病的危險。故選D。35.C考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：在一份更早的研究中，寇恩發(fā)現高興的人更少得感冒。A.painful痛苦的；B.proud驕傲的；C.cheerful高興的；D.clever聰明的。短文指出心情高興的人更少生病，故選C。36.B考查形容詞及語境理解。句意：而且他們很少告訴醫(yī)生，他們感到不舒服。A.active活躍；B.uncomfortable不舒服；C.scared害怕；D.comfortable舒服。根據語境，很少說出“消極”的詞，告訴醫(yī)生，可以推測出是不舒服：uncomfortable。故選B。37.C考查介詞及語境理解。句意：寇恩的小組對193位成年人兩周內每天采訪，在這期間，人們給研究員講述那一天他們高興或悲傷的感受。A.moment片刻；B.field領域；C.period期間；D.times時代。在那兩周里，在那個期間里，用period。故選C。38.B考查代詞及語境理解。句意：在這