北京理工大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)模擬試卷12

北京理工大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)模擬試卷12

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。）

KAsadevelopingcountry,wemustkeepwiththerapiddevelopmentofthe

worldeconomy.

A、move

B、step

C、speed

D、pace

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:keep不與move,speed搭配,故可排除A、Cokeeppacewith（=hold

pacewith）表示“跟上，與...同步，并駕齊驅(qū)“，如：Arewageskeepingpacewith

inflation?（工資的提高能否與通貨膨脹同步?）keepst叩wi由表示“步調(diào)整齊”，與句意

不符。所以，答案為D。

2^Everypersononthesalesteamisbecausetheyworktogetherwell.

A、incompatible

B、incredible

Csindefinite

D、indispensable

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格處是說(shuō)銷售隊(duì)伍的每個(gè)人都是不可或缺的。D項(xiàng)

indispensable"不可或缺的“符合題意，如；Waterisindispensabletoplants.（水是植

物不可缺少的。）其他三項(xiàng)incompatible“不相容的“，incredible"難以置信的“，

indefinite”不確定的”都不正確。

3、However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasabletosomeofthe

declineintheironandsteelindustry.

A、overturn

B、overtake

C、offset

Dxoppress

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：offset表示“抵消,彌補(bǔ)A項(xiàng)overturn表示“打翻;顛覆”；B項(xiàng)

overtake表示“趕上，超過(guò)“；D項(xiàng)oppress表示“壓迫，擠壓”。

4、Theelectroniccomputerissomeofthetasksthatwereonceaccomplishedby

ourownbrains.

A、takingcare

takingin

C^takingoff

D、takingover

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題的空格處是說(shuō)接管一些工作。D項(xiàng)takingover“接管”符合題意。

其他三項(xiàng)takingcare“當(dāng)心”，takingin"接收，欺騙”，匕kingofT脫衣，離開(kāi)”都不正

確。

5、Somegoodluckbroughtusnothingbuttrouble.

A、seemingly

B、satisfactorily

C、uniformly

D、universally

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；seemingly意為“表面上的”;satisfactorily意為“滿意的"；uniformly意

為“統(tǒng)一的"；universally意為“完全的，普遍的”。本句話意思是：一些表面上的幸

運(yùn)只會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)麻煩。

Businessinthisareahasbeenbecausepricesaretoohigh.

A、prosperous

secretive

C、slack

D、shrill

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:C選項(xiàng)：slack的意思為（經(jīng)濟(jì)）不景氣、不活躍的，如:Tradeisslack

thisweek.（這周的買賣不景氣）。其他三項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)：prosperous繁榮的，B選

項(xiàng)：secretive秘密的、偷偷摸摸的，D選項(xiàng)：shrill尖聲的，"不符合句意，本句意

為“因?yàn)槲飪r(jià)太高，這個(gè)地區(qū)的商業(yè)一直不景氣”。

7、Youshouldfillintheapplicationformbeforeyousenditbacktothe

university.

A、regularly

Bscomprehensively

C、properly

D、eventually

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；（properly適當(dāng)?shù)?正確地）。句意為：首先，你應(yīng)該正確地填寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)

表，然后把它寄回該大學(xué)。A.regularly定期地；B.comprehensively綜合地：

D.evenlually終于，最后。

8^Rebuildingthehighwayswilltakeayearormoreevenifthey'rewith

hundreddollarbills.

A^approved

B、laid

C>paid

D、paved

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析，句意：即使他們有幾百美元作保障，重新建設(shè)高速公路也得花一年甚

至一年以上時(shí)間。pave(with)鋪平道路，創(chuàng)造條件。approve(of)贊成，支持。lay擱

置，放置，Pay支付，付款9

9、Overindulgencecharacteraswellasphysicalstamina.

A、strengthens

B%stimulates

C、maintains

D^weakens

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：(weaken削弱，減弱)。句意為:過(guò)份縱情既削弱身體的耐力，又削弱

人的性格eA.strengthen強(qiáng)化,加強(qiáng);B.stimulate刺激;C.maintain維持°

10、Livinginpoverty,Johnsoldfbr500dollarstheofhismother'sfirstwork

whichmadeherfamous.

A、document

B、file

C、duplicate

D、manuscript

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：documeni文件，檔案，文獻(xiàn)；file文件，檔案，卷宗；duplicate復(fù)制

品，副本；manuscript手稿,原稿。

11、AsianeconomiccrisishasonlyaeffectonthelivesofChinesepeople.

A、discrete

massive

C、marginal

Dssubordinate

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：discrete不連續(xù)的，離散的；massive厚重的，大塊的；marginal最低

限度的，僅維持在某一較低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或限度內(nèi)的，次要的；subordinate次要的，從屬

的，常與to連用。

12、Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequite

simplyverycheatinthemarketplace.

A、atthemercyof

B、inlieuof

C^bycourtesyof

D、forthepriceof

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句中的（be）deprivedof…意為"被剝奪了……”，在此句的意思相當(dāng)于

（be）shortof...,即“缺乏（信息）而且未被給以（必要的忠告的消費(fèi)者們））據(jù)此推知，

后面句子的大意是“很容易在市場(chǎng)上受騙上當(dāng)”，因此選用atthemercyof,意思是

"任...擺布，在....前亳無(wú)辦法”。再如；Thechampionhadtheotherboxerathis

mercy.（這位冠軍拳擊手征服了他的對(duì)手。）inlieuof意為“替代”；bycouriesyof意

為“在...的允許下“：forthepriceof不是固定用法，但可以說(shuō)selltwothingsfor

thepriceofone（兩件商品只收一件的錢）。

13^Astheartistwastopollen,heseldomwentintothecountrytosketchthe

naturalbeautyinspring.

A^destructive

B、allergic

C、fragile

D、unchallenged

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:各項(xiàng)的意思是:destructive"對(duì)……有破壞力的"；allergic“過(guò)敏的”,

beallergictosth.“對(duì)某物過(guò)敏”；fragile”脆弱的，易碎的”;unchallenged”未引起質(zhì)

疑的”。

14、Itcouldnotberuledouithat,soonerorlater,thecountrywouldbreakoutofthe

treaty.

A、confirmed

B、tolerated

C^excluded

D、refuted

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.r

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解扁暫無(wú)解析

15、Don'trestonyourlaurels;yoursuccessandstartlookingfbrnewmarkets

now.

Asaddup

B、followup

C、workup

D、countup

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格處是說(shuō)鞏固你的成功。followup的意思是“用繼續(xù)行動(dòng)來(lái)加

強(qiáng)...的效果”，符合題意。如：followupherinterviewwithatelephonecall（ffl

進(jìn)一步完成面試）。其他三項(xiàng)“addup加起來(lái)，合計(jì)；work叩綜合加工，整理：

countup共計(jì)”都不正確。

16>Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere.

illegible

indelible

C、illegitimate

Dsinscrutable

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：illegible難以辨認(rèn)的；indelible難忘的，持久的；川egitimate不合理

的，非法的；inscrutable難以理解的，不可思議的。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A。

17>Wasittheprofessorregardedwithsuchcontempt?

A、themwho

B、themwhom

C^hewho

D、those

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這里強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是代詞them,要改用those.

18、Thechieffunctionsofdirect-mailadvertisingaretofamiliarizeprospectivebuyers

withaproduct,itsname,itsmaker,anditsmeritsandwiththeproduct'slocal

distributors,

A、potential

B、responsive

C、inquisitive

D、perceptive

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中，prospeclive的意思是“預(yù)期的”。A項(xiàng)“polenlial預(yù)期的”符合

題意,如：Everyseedisapotentialplant.（每粒種子都可能長(zhǎng)成植物）。其他三項(xiàng)

^responsive響應(yīng)的；inquisitive好奇的Iperceptive有理解的”都不正確。

19^Whenmoistureonthesurface,itdrawshealoutoftheland.

A^evaporates

B、dilutes

C、diffuses

D、dissipates

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

20、Whenhearrived,hefoundtheagedandthesickathome.

A^nonebut

B、noneotherthan

C、nothingbut

D、nootherthan

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；nonebul和noihingbut意義相同，都作only講，但用法不同，none

but修飾人，而nothingbut多半修飾事物。

21、Adagesarefrequentlymutuallyantagonisticwitness,"ignorancebreedsprejudice"

and"familiarity,breedscontempt."

A、isattheheartof

multiplies

C、worsens

D、generates

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

22、Thesymphonyconcertsherearebythemunicipalgovernment

A^subdued

B、subscribed

C>subordinated

D、subsidized

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)subdued的意思是“制服，征服，鎮(zhèn)壓;壓

抑；減輕；緩和“，B項(xiàng)subscribed的意思是“認(rèn)捐；捐助；簽（名）”，C項(xiàng)

subordinated的意思是“使居次要地位；使隸屬，使服從“，D項(xiàng)subsidized的意思是

“資助，津貼；向…行賄二

23、Bothaperson'sheredityandhisenvironmenthelptoshapehischaracter.

A、relative

B、education

C、nationality

D、suiroundings

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；空格處意思是；遺傳因素和環(huán)境共同塑造了他的性格特征。劃線單詞

environment的意思是“環(huán)境,外界各項(xiàng)的意思是：relative“親戚”；education"教

育，培養(yǎng)“：nationality”國(guó)籍,國(guó)家，民族“：surroundings“環(huán)境

24、Toensurethedevelopmentandexploitationofanewtechnology,theremustbea

constantofseveralneverthelessdistinctactivities.

A、interplay

B、implementation

C>improvement

D、exploration

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析，(interplay相互作用，相互影響)。句意為：為了保證新技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)和

利用，必須讓兒種截然不同的原動(dòng)力經(jīng)常產(chǎn)生相互的影響。B.implementation實(shí)

施；C.improvemenl改善；D.exploralion探索。

25、InthemorningBernardwaspaleandhishandtrembledtoomucheventolifthis

coffeecup,butterhistoast.

A、aswellas

Bxratherthan

C^orelse

D、letalone

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；暫無(wú)解析

26、Theyreacheda(n)tokeeptheirdisputeoutofthemassmedia,

Axunderstanding

acknowledgement

C、concession

D、surrender

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

27、Itishardtoreconcilehissplendidspeecheshisactualbehaviour.

Asto

B、on

C>against

with

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答窠；D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析，reconcilesth.withsth.使...一致，使符合。

28、,afterlongpondering,Iarrivedatthefollowingconjecture.

A、Todate

B、Incase

C>Forsure

D、Atlength

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是T。date“到此為止”：Incase“萬(wàn)一，以免

Forsure“確實(shí)”；Atlength"最后，詳細(xì)地”。句意是，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的思考，最后我得

到了這樣一個(gè)猜想。所以推出答案是D選項(xiàng)。

29、Environmentaliststhatitwillnotbeeasytopersuadecardriversto,usetheir:

vehicleslessoften.

A、deliver

B、deserve

C^contrast

D^concede

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A.deliver救，救出。B.deserve應(yīng)受，值得。C,contrast對(duì)照,對(duì)

比。D.concede（勉強(qiáng)）承認(rèn)。

30、Thereareanestimatedeightmillionpeoplecurrentlythoughttobeeligibleto

incometax.

A^reclaim

B、recover

C>restore

D、return

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；各項(xiàng)的意思是，reclaim要求歸還，收回，開(kāi)墾：recover重新獲得，

恢復(fù),使改過(guò)；restore恢復(fù)，使回復(fù)，歸還，交還；return報(bào)告,申報(bào)。

二、閱讀理解（本題共“5題，每題上0分，共

分。）

Alcoholabuseanddependenceareseriousproblemsaffecting10percentofadult

Americans,andthetollishigh:3outof100deathsintheUnitedStatescanbelinked

directlytoalcohol.Inadditiontotrafficcrashes,injuriesinthehomeandonthejob,and

seriouslong-termmedicalconsequences,alcoholabusehasbeenimplicatedinaggression

andcrime.Althoughpatternsvary,itispossibletoclassifydrinkersassocialdrinkers,

alcoholabusers,andalcohol-dependentpersons.Whilealcoholconsumptionisnever

entirelyarisk-freeactivity,thesecategoriesrepresentarangefromrelativelybenignto

extremelyproblematic.Anevaluationoftreatmentforanyalcohol-relateddisordermust

besituatedhistorically.Fornearly200years,theexplanationofalcoholismasadisease

competedwithexplanationsinwhichcharacterormoraldefectswerebelievedtoleadto

problematicdrinkingbehavior.Evidenceaccumulated,however,suggestingthatalcohol

abuseandalcoholdependencearedistinguishable."Alcoholabuse"referseitherto

transitoryorlong-termproblemsinaccomplishingbasiclivingactivitiesinwhichalcohol

isimplicated,and"alcoholdependence"describesaseveredisabilityinwhich

dependencebringsaboutareductionintheindividual'sabilitytocontrolthedrinking

behavior.Thisdelineationwasendorsedin1987bytheInstituteofMedicine,which

definedalcoholabuseas"repetitivepatternsofheavydrinkingassociatedwith

impairmentoffunctioningand/orhealth"anddiscussedalcoholism（dependency）asa

separatephenomenon.Alcoholdependenceisassociatedwithadditionalsymptomssuch

ascraving,tolerance,andphysicaldependencethatbringaboutchangesinthe

importanceofdrinkingintheindividual'slife,andimpairedabilitytoexercisebehavioral

restraint.Thedistinctionhasimportantclinicalimplications.Forsomenondependent

alcoholabusers,drinkingpatternsmaybemodifiedbyexhortaiionsorbysocietal

sanctions.Foralcohol-dependentpersons,exhortationsandsanctionsareinsufficient,and

thegoalofmodifieddrinkinginappropriate.Thegoalforthesepersonsisabstinence,and

arangeoftreatmentoptionsisavailable^includingpharmacologicinterventions^

psychotherapy,andcounseling.Butevenalcohol-dependentpersonsdonotconstitutea

homogeneousgroup.Theyarenotidenticalinpersonality,lifeexperiences,family

characteristicsandsocialstatus.Knowledgeofthedifferencesamongalcohol-dependent

personsisimportantbecauseresearchshowsthatalcoholismtreatmentmethodsare

differentiallyeffectiveaccordingtopatientcharacteristics.(365words)

31、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；本篇主要講的是，酗酒能帶來(lái)很多害處，但對(duì)于酗酒的原因必須進(jìn)行

分類，這樣有利于治療。雖然酗酒人有三類:socialdrinkersyalcoholabusers>and

alcohol—dependentpersons,但作者主要談?wù)摰氖呛竺鎯深?。從第四段到結(jié)束都是

在談?wù)揳lcoholabusers和alcohol—dependentpersons的區(qū)別。

32、AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingrepresentstheprogressionfrom

least-serioustomost-serious?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A的等級(jí)順序除了依據(jù)文章提供的信息外，我們用基本常識(shí)也能看出

這種排列是由不嚴(yán)重到嚴(yán)重。

33>InParagraph3,whatdoestheauthorcontraststo?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第三段第二句。

34、Whatdoes"exhortations"(Line2,Para.6)mean?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：exhortation是“勸告”之意，與persuasion接近，故選A。

35、Themostlogicalcontinuationofthepassagewouldbe.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由于文章最后一句說(shuō)的是，酒精依賴者的性格不同，治療的方法就不

一樣，所以如果后面還有文章，從邏輯來(lái)看應(yīng)該是論述什么樣性格的酒精依賴者要

用什么樣的方法來(lái)醫(yī)治。

Aladywasoncereferredfortreatmentforemotionaldistress.Thisdistresshadresulted

fromunpleasantmemoriesofhavingundergonesexualabuse.Inhercasecognitive

therapyhadbeenunhelpful.Herownopinionwasthatcognitivetherapydidnotaddress

theangerandfearthatshewasfeelingstrongly.Therearemanyapproachesintherapy

thatareavailableforanyonewhowantsthisservice.CognitiveBehaviorTherapy(CBT)

isthemostwellknown,becauseitisthemostresearchedformoftherapy.CBTisthe

productoftheWest,wherepeopleareencouragedtothinkanddiscouragedtofeel

emotions.CBTisbasedonthepremisethatourthinkingcanchangeourfeelings.Thisis

notalwaystrue.Whenpeopleundergoabuseortorture,noamountofthinkingisgoingto

sortoutthefeelingofragethatunderliessuchexperiences.Theragethatonefeelsabout

suchexperiencesoverwhelmsthethinkingabilityofanindividualandthepersonstill

endsupactingouttheemotion.InallsuchcasesCBTfailstogetanyresults.Yetbecause

ithasbeenwrittenaboutwidely,mentalhealthpractitionerserroneouslybelievethatitis

theonlysuitableformoftherapyinalmostallformsofpsychologicalconditions.A

middleagedman,enragedbyanex-employee'sdeceptionwantedtoharmtheex-

employeephysically.Overwheliredbyanger,hefeltthattheonlywaythepersonwould

realizehowtheyfeltwasbyconferringphysicalpain.Noamountofreasonorlogicwas

useful.Accordingtohim,^actionhadtobetaken."Thebestsolutioninthiscasewasto

reducetheangerbyreleasingit.Whenitwasdoneinafewminutes,hethankedmefor

helpinghimoutofthesituation.Theperceptionhadchanged.Thethoughtswerenon-

aggressive.Needlesstosay,hedidnotactouttherage.Whenourinnerdrivesarestrong,

theyoverwhelmourthinking.Atsuchtimesreasonorlogicisgovernedbythedrives.

Angerisonesuchemotion.Whenittakestheformofrage,thepersonmaylashout

physically.Thesolutiondoesnotlieinreasoningwiththeperson,buttohelptheperson

reducethedrive.Inothersituationswhentheangerisintheformofannoyance,reason

canstillbeusedto"distract"thepersonawayfromtheissue.Butthefeelingstays.To

distinguishbetweentimeswhenbehaviorcanbechangedbythinkingandwhenitcannot

bechangedbythinkingrequireswisdom.(414words)

36、Therapy?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A“心理學(xué)家”，B?，精神病醫(yī)生”，C“兒科醫(yī)生”，D“生理學(xué)家工

37、Theword"premise1'(Line4,Para.2)probablymeans?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：premise意思為“邏輯命題，假設(shè)“，與proposition接近，故選B。

38^Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothepassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A”由于認(rèn)知行為療法能治療任何心理疾病，所以它最有名氣”，與第

一段心理醫(yī)生醫(yī)治一位病人失敗的事例相反，故不選。認(rèn)知行為療法本身是不用藥

物的，所以B項(xiàng)不對(duì)。C與第三段第一句相反，故不對(duì)。D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在第二段第三

句。

39、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句和第三句可以看出，一個(gè)人惱火時(shí)還是可

以與他講道理的。

40、Whatdoesthelastparagraphrevolvearound?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章最后一段說(shuō)的是依據(jù)病人所得的不同的心理疾病以及不同程度來(lái)

采取相應(yīng)的治療方法。

AllthegettingandgivingispossiblethroughanorganizationcalledFreecycle,a

grassrootsmovementofpeoplewhogiveawaythingsforfreeintheirowntowns.Each

localgroupisrunbyalocalvolunteermoderator.Allofthetradingisdoneonline.

Membershipisfree.Freecycleisopentoindividualsandnon-profitorganizations.The

FreecycleNetworkwasstartedin2003inTucson,Arizona,topromotewastereduction

andhelpsavedesertlandscapefrombeingtakenoverbylandfills.Injusttwoyearsthe

ideahasspreadworldwide.Theprocessisquitesimple.Gotowww.freecycle.organd

findagroupnearyou.(Ifthere'snotoneclose,considerstartingoneyourself.)Then

whenyouwanttofindanewhomeforsomething,justsendane-mailofferingitto

membersofyourFreecyclegroup.Somegroupshaverestrictionsonwhatyoucanand

cannotpost,butmostlimitationsaresimplythattheitemneedstobecompletelyfree,

legal,andappropriateforallages.Whatyouofferdoesn'tmatter:computerparts,couch,

clothing,anoldwindow,brokencar,perfume,whatever.Ifyouhaveitanddon*twantit,

someoneelseprobablycanputittogooduse.Ifsomethingispostedthatyou'reinterested

inobtaining,simplyrespondtothemember'soffer.Thegiverdecideswhoreceivesthe

giftandsetsupapickuptimefbrpassingonthetreasure.Sometimesit'sassimpleas"Fil

leaveitonthefrontporchof123MainSt.,comebyanytime.*'Manylocalnetworksalso

allow"wanted"posts.Ifyou'relookingfora10gallonaquarium,checkwithFreecycle

first.Od小aregoodsomeonemayhaveonesiltingintheirbasememcollectingdust.

Whileeachindividualnetworkmayhaveslightlydifferentrestrictions,mostaresimilar.

Therearegenerallyfourtypesofpostsandthesewordsmustappearinthesubjectlineof

youremail:Wanted:xxx,Offer:xxx,Taken:xxx,orFound:xxx.Generally,youshould

elaborateabitinyouremailsastowhyyouareinneedofsomethingorwhyyouare

interestedinpickinguptheitem.Pleasesaveyourentirelifestoryforanotherforum,but

responseslike"I'minterested"willlikelygetdeleted.Ontheotherhand,somethinglike:

"I'masinglemomwhojustmovedhereaftermydivorce.I'dlovetopickupyour

washingmachinetonight.Iwouldgreatlyappreciatenothavingtosqueezeintimetogo

tothelaundryafterwork,"willlikelygetconsideration.Besincere.Don'tmakeupa

woefulstorytryingtogetsomething.TheintentofFreecycleistohelpothersbygiving

andgetting.Andatthesametime,helptheenvironment.Whatagreat,funorganization.

(450words)

41xWhatisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文中心思想是介紹Freecycle”免費(fèi)物品交換站”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里只有A

項(xiàng)點(diǎn)到了這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。

42>WhatdoesHit"(Line5,Para.2)referto?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：it應(yīng)該指的是上面的somethingo

43、WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)文章第四段第二句，我們可以看出捐物者和受物者有時(shí)無(wú)需見(jiàn)

面，故選D。

44>Theunderlinedsentence“Oddsaregoodsomeonemayhaveonesittingintheir

basementcollectingdust"isclosestinmeaningtothat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答窠：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:Oddsaregood相當(dāng)于Changearethat,或相當(dāng)于Itispossiblethato通

過(guò)上一句，我們可以看出此句的意思是“完全有可能別人家里正好有一個(gè)能盛10加

侖水的魚(yú)缸閑置在地下室裝垃圾呢

45、Whatstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；參考第四段，A、B和D都是與文章相反。

Howmenfirstleamttoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguage

isamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertain

soundtoexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycould

communicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,

whichcouldbecombinedtorepresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown.

Thosesounds,whetherspokenorwritteninletters,wecallwords.Thepowerofwords,

then,liesintheirassociations-thethingstheybringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecome

filledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwords

recalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themore

thenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.Greatwritersarethosewho

notonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappeal

powerfullytoourmindsandemotions.Thischarminguseofwordsiswhatwecall

literarystyle.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecanconveyhismeaningin

wordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhichbytheirpositionandassociationcanmovemen

totears.Wcshouldthereforeleamtochooseourwordscarefullyandusethem

accurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyanddull.

46、Theoriginoflanguageis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段一開(kāi)始就回答了本題，正確答案是D項(xiàng)。

47、Oneofthereasonswhymeninventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandactions

wasthat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段第一句指出了本題的正確答案。

48、Whatistrueaboutthewords?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段最后一句表明C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

49Inexpressingtheirthoughts,greatwritersareable.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段第四句指出，一位真正的詩(shī)人是一位語(yǔ)言大師，他可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)

言來(lái)傳遞思想。這種語(yǔ)言像音樂(lè)一樣美妙，而且這種語(yǔ)言能感動(dòng)得我們掉下眼淚。

正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

50、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherealpoetisNOTtrue.?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：正確答案為A項(xiàng),A項(xiàng)中的nomore...than意為“與其說(shuō)……還不如

說(shuō)是……

Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically"proved"byeconomiststhatthe

lawsofsocietymakeitnecessarytohaveavastarmyofpoorandjoblesspeopleinorder

tokeeptheeconomygoing.Today,hardlyanybodywoulddaretovoicetheprinciple.Itis

generallyacceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthofthenation,either

bythelawofnatureorbythoseofsociety.Theopinionsareoutdated,whichwerecurrent

ahundredyearsago,thatthepoorowedtheirconditionstotheirignorance,lackof

responsibility.Inallwesternindustrializedcountries,asystemofinsurancehasbeen

introducedwhichguaranteeseveryoneaminimumofsubsistenceincaseof

unemployment,sicknessandoldage.Iwouldgoonestepfurtherandarguethat,evenif

theseconditionsarenotpresent,inotherwords,onecanclaimthissubstanceminimum

withouthavingtohaveany"reason".Iwouldsuggest,however,thatitshouldbelimited

toadefiniteperiodoftimejet'ssaytwoyears,soastoavoidtheencouragementofan

abnormalattitudewhichrefusesanykindofsocialobligation.Thismaysoundlikea

fantasticproposal,butso,!think,ourinsurancesystemwouldhavesoundedtopeoplea

hundredyearsago.Themainobjectiontosuchaschemewouldbethatifeachperson

wereentitledtoreceiveminimumsupport,peoplewouldnotwork.Thisassumptionrests

onthefallacyoftheinherentlaziness,inhumannature?actually,asidefromabnormally

lazypeople,therewouldbeveryfewwhowouldnotwanttoearnmorethanthe

minimum,andwhowouldpreferiodonothingratherthanwork.However,thesuspicions

againstasystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimumarenotgroundlessfromthe

standpointofthosewhowanttouseownershipcapitalforthepurposeofforcingothersto

accepttheworkconditionstheyoffer.Ifnobodywereforcedtoacceptworkinordernot

tostarve,workwouldbesufficientlyinterestingandattractiveinordertoinduceoneto

acceptit.Freedomofcontractispossibleonlyifbothpartiesarefreetoacceptandreject

if;inthepresentcapitalistsystemthisisnotthecase.Butsuchasystemwouldnotonly

bethebeginningofrealfreedomofcontractbetweenemployersandemployeesjts

principaladvantagewouldbetheimprovementoffreedomininterpersonalrelationships

ineverysphereofdailylife.

51、Peopleusedtothinkthatpovertyandunemploymentweredueto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問(wèn)：人們?cè)?jīng)認(rèn)為，貧困和失業(yè)是由于什么?文章提到“The

opinionsareoutdated,whichwcrccurrcntahundredyearsago,thatthepoorowedtheir

conditionstotheirignorance,lackofresponsibility.”根據(jù)這句話可知,過(guò)去，人們

認(rèn)為，貧困和失業(yè)是由于貧困的人以及失業(yè)的人的個(gè)人缺點(diǎn)造成的。所以，答案是

Bo

52、Nowitiswidelyacceptedthat,

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；題目問(wèn)；現(xiàn)在，已被廣泛接受的觀點(diǎn)是什么?文章提到“isgenerally

acceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthofthenation,eitherbythe

lawofnatureorbythoseofsociety.”根據(jù)這句話可知，現(xiàn)在，已被廣泛接受的觀點(diǎn)

是大家都有權(quán)分享國(guó)家財(cái)富。所以，答案是C。

53、Theauthorarguesthatthesocialinsurancesystemshould.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問(wèn)：作者認(rèn)為，社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度應(yīng)該怎樣?文章提到“wouldgoone

stepfurtherandarguethat,eveniftheseconditionsarenotpresent,inotherwords,

onecanclaimthissubstanceminimumwithouthavingtohaveany4<reasonM.Iwould

suggest,however?thatitshouldbelimitedtoadefiniteperiodoftime.”通過(guò)這段話

可知，作者認(rèn)為，社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度應(yīng)該為每個(gè)人在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)提供最低的生活保障。

所以，答案是D。

54、Theword''fallacy,'means.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：題目間：?jiǎn)卧~“回lacy”的意思是什么?fallacy的意思是：謬誤，謬論。

各選項(xiàng)的意思是：doubt懷疑，疑最fact事實(shí)，實(shí)際；strongargument有力的論

據(jù)；wrongbelief謬誤,謬論。所以，答案是D。

55、Accordingtotheauthorssystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimum,

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問(wèn)：根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，最低生活保障制度怎么樣?最后一段：But

suchasystemwouldnotonlybethebeginningofrealfreedomofcontractbetween

employersandemployees,itsprincipaladvantagewouldbetheimprovementof

freedomininterpersonalrelationshipsineverysphereofdailylife.通過(guò)這段話可知，

答案是Dp

Amongthemanywaysinwhichpeoplecommunicatethroughspeech,publicspeaking

hasprobablyreceivedmorestudyandattractedmoreattentionthananyother.Politicians

campaigningforpublicoffice,salespeoplepresentingproducts,andpreachersdelivering

sermonsalldependuponthisformofpubliccommunication.Evenpeoplewhodonot

makespeakingapartoftheirdailyworkareoftenaskedtomakepublicspeeches:

studentsatgraduation,forinstance,ormembersofchurches,clubs,orother

organizations.Nearlyeveryonespeaksinpublicatsometimeorother,andthosewho

performthetaskwelloftenbecomeleaders.Therearemanyreasonsforspeakingin

public.Apublicspeakermayhopetoteachanaudienceaboutnewideas,forexample,or

provideinformationaboutsometopic.Creatingagoodfeelingorentertainingan

audiencemaybeanotherpurpose.Publicspeakers,however,mostoftenseektopersuade

anaudiencetoadoptnewopinions,totakecertainactions,ortoseetheworldinanew

way.Publicspeakersusuallyknowwellinadvancewhentheyarescheduledtomakean

address.Consequentlyitheyareabletopreparetheirmessagebeforetheydeliverit.

Sometimes,though,speakersmustdeliverthemessageunprepared,oroffthecuff,such

aswhentheyareaskedtoofferatoastataweddingreceptionortoparticipateina

televiseddebateorinterview.Whentheydonothavetospeakunprepared,mostspeakers

writetheirownspeeches.Politiciansandbusinessexecutivessometimesemploy

professionalwriterswhopreparetheirspeechesfbrthem.Theseprofessionalwritersmay

workaloneorinsmallteams.Althoughthespeakermayhavesomeinputintothe

contentsofthespeech,thewriterssometimeshaveagreatinfluenceovertheopinions

expressedbytheiremployers.Regardlessofhowaspeechisprepared,thepersonwho

deliversitisgivencreditfbritseffectuponitshearers.

56、Publicspeakingiswellknowntotheaveragepeoplebecause.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段和第1句話指出：“演講比起其他形式的交流活動(dòng)被研究得更

多、更引人注目?！睆南旅鎺讉€(gè)句子來(lái)看，人們以這樣或那樣的方式加演講這一活

動(dòng)了解不少：“政治家競(jìng)選國(guó)家官員(publicoffice)、銷售員推介產(chǎn)品、傳教士傳道

等，使用的都是這一宣傳方式v即使平時(shí)不做演講的人在某些場(chǎng)合下也不得不做演

講，如：即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生(論文答辯或畢業(yè)典禮)，教會(huì)、俱樂(lè)部或其他組織和機(jī)構(gòu)

的成員?幾乎每個(gè)人都在這樣或那樣的場(chǎng)合做過(guò)演講，而善于演講的人經(jīng)常成為領(lǐng)

導(dǎo)?！边@與B的意思吻合，故應(yīng)選B。

57、Whichofthefollowingisrarelythepurposeofpublicspeaking?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：原文第2段列舉了演講活動(dòng)通常的目的。第2段第2句提到，演講者

也許想教一種新思想或告知一件新事項(xiàng)。最后一句指出，演講者的目的經(jīng)常是說(shuō)服

人接受新觀念、采取某種行動(dòng)或改變世界觀(seeiheworldinnewways)。綜合本段

所談的內(nèi)容，演講的目的當(dāng)然不足演講者自身得到快樂(lè)，這與B的意思