Unit2MakingadifferenceUsinglanguage課件-高中英語

Unit2

MakingadifferenceLearningObjectives01LearningObjectives01Discoverandunderstandtheusagesofthepastparticipleasadverbial.03MastercommonmethodsandstrategiesofEnglishgrammar.02Concludeandsummarizetheusagesofthepastparticipleasadverbialbyobservingtheexamplesofpastparticipleasadverbial,andapplythemintherealcontext.Studentscanbetterunderstandtheusageofpastparticipleasgerund.1.Studentscanmastertheuseofthepastparticipleasagerundandcanpracticemakingsentences.2.Studentscanlearnandmasterthelanguageskillsofpolitelyrefusingtherequestsofothers.0102TeachingFocusesandAnticipatedDifficultiesGrammar02Lookingatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.Whatwasspokeninsentence(a)Whatwasfinishedinsentence(b)Whydoestheauthoruse-edinsteadof-ingBecause“thewords”were“spoken”insteadof“speaking”,and“thewell”was“finished”insteadof“finishing”.Thewordsinboldshowpassiveinsteadofactiveactions.“Thewords”werespokeninsentence(a).“Thewell”wasfinishedinsentence(b).Lookingatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.WhatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentencesWhydoestheauthorchoosetouse-edinsteadofanattributiveclauseinthereadingpassageThesentencesusing-edasattributivearemoreconciseandformal.Sentences(a)and(b)contain-edasattributivewhilesentences(c)and(d)containattributiveclauses.-edasattributiveattributiveclauses-edasattributive—過去分詞作定語用法：1.過去分詞作定語的位置2.過去分詞作定語的意義其他過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞做定語的區(qū)別一、

過去分詞作定語時的位置1.一般情況下，單個的過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞之前。Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.痊愈的動物很快會被放走。有些過去分詞表示特定含義時，單獨作定語要放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left（剩余的）。Therewereacoupleofseatsleftattheback.后面還剩幾個位子。如果被修飾的詞是指示代詞those或something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代詞時，單個的過去分詞作定語要放在這些詞的后面。Heisoneofthoseinvited.他是那些被邀請的人之一。用法一、過去分詞作定語時的位置2.過去分詞短語作定語時往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后。Thesetruckscarrygoodsimportedfromforeigncountries.這些卡車運送從國外進口的貨物。IsthisthenovelwrittenbyHenryJames這是亨利·詹姆斯寫的小說嗎？用法二、過去分詞作定語時的意義1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，在語態(tài)上表示被動；在時間過去分詞作定語時的意義上，常表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。有時只表示被動。Heisateacherrespectedbyallthestudents.他是一位受所有學生尊敬的老師。（只表示被動）Theplanputforwardatthemeetingwillbecarriedoutsoon.會上提出的計劃將很快被執(zhí)行。（表示被動和完成）用法二、過去分詞作定語時的意義2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，不表示被動意義，只強調(diào)動作完成。Therisensunisshiningbrightlyinthemorning.早晨，升起的太陽明亮地照耀著。WhenIwokeupthenextmorning,Ifoundthegroundwascoveredwithfallenleaves.當我第二天早上醒來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上全是落葉。用法區(qū)分過去分詞

&現(xiàn)在分詞

做定語的區(qū)別語態(tài)意義時態(tài)意義過去分詞被動已完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動正在進行區(qū)分過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式與動詞不定式作定語的區(qū)別形式語態(tài)意義時態(tài)意義過去分詞done被動已完成現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式beingdone被動正在進行動詞不定式的被動式tobedone被動尚未發(fā)生Exercise1.____________(disappoint)byhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.2._______(treat)thisway,you'resuretofeelhurt–weshouldalwaysbeabletotrustthoseclosesttous,andithurtsevenmorewhenwefindwecan't.3.___________(approach)inthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.4._______(fill)withanger,youtendtosaywhatevercomestoyourmind.DisappointedTreatedApproachedFilled1.extendextendfor/into/overextendsth.for/by/untilextendsth.tosb./sth.extendsth.tosb.

練習：

尼羅河一直往南延伸至維多利亞湖。TheRiverNile________________southasLakeVictoria.extendsasfar延續(xù)把……延長至……把……擴大到……提供/給予某人某事物2.generousbegeneroustosb.begenerouswithsth.begenerousindoingsth.generously generosity 練習：Hopefully,leadersworldwidewillrecognizethetoughsituationandcontribution__________(generous)tocontrolthelocust(蝗蟲)outbreak.generosity對某人是慷慨的在某方面是慷慨的慷慨地做某事adv.慷慨地；大方地n.慷慨；大方；寬宏大量3.hesitatehesitatetodosth. hesitateabout/oversth. hesitant hesitation withouthesitation havenohesitationindoingsth. dosth.withouthesitation 練習：Thehelpyougivetootherswillbepaidback,soneverhesitate________(offer)ahelping

tooffer猶豫做某事對某事猶豫不決adj.猶豫的n.猶豫；躊躇毫不猶豫毫不猶豫做某事毫不猶豫做某事4.confirmationconfirm confirmsth./that…/wh-從句beconfirmed…Itisconfirmedthat…beconfirmed(as…)

練習：

I'mstillwaitingfor_____________(confirm)ofthetestresults.confirmationvt.證實，證明，確認；使確信；批準，認可證明/表明/確認……被證實/被證明……據(jù)證實……被認可5.assistancegiveassistancetosb.cometoone'sassistance

withtheassistanceof...beofassistanceassistassistant練習：

Hegave___________tomewhenIwasintrouble.assistance幫助某人幫助某人在......的幫助下有幫助v.幫助，協(xié)助n.助手，助理adj.助理的，副的6.volunteervolunteertodosth.

voluntary

voluntarily dovoluntarywork練習：Asa_________,heoftendoes__________work,andhethinksit'shisresponsibilityto_________tohelpthoseinneed.volunteer自愿做某事adj.自愿的，主動的，志愿的adv.自愿地，主動地做志愿工作voluntaryvolunteerActivity2ReadthediscussionaboutRyan’sfoundation.Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthe-edform.Ryanisayoungmanwhoisadmiredbyalotofpeople.ThemoneywhichisraisedbyhisfoundationsupportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.Ithinkdiggingwellsfordrinkingwaterisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemofwatershortage.Ryanisayoungmanadmiredbyalotofpeople.ThemoneyraisedbyhisfoundationsupportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.Activity2ReadthediscussionaboutRyan’sfoundation.Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthe-edform.AsinthewordsspokenbyRyan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.Ithinkthesupportneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Iabsolutelyagreewithyou.Diggingwellsisagoodway,butnottheonlyway,tosolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica.AsinthewordswhichwerespokenbyRyan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.Ithinkthesupportwhichisneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Activity3ReadthepassageandchoosethecorrectformofthewordsTheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknowing/knownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNations(UN)organisationbasing/basedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneeding/needed

bychildrenallovertheworld.聯(lián)合國兒童基金會Activity3ReadthepassageandchoosethecorrectformofthewordsUNICEFwasfoundedon11December1946,toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamaging/damagedinWorldWarII.Since1953,UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedeveloping/developedworld,includingthoseliving/livedwithdiseasesordisabilities,andthoseaffecting/affectedbyrapidmodernisationandenvironmentalproblems.Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprovethelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross190countriesandterritories.Activity4Readthedescriptionsandunderlinethewordsthatdescribepersonalqualities.Activity5PutthewordsyouunderlinedinActivity4intothetable.Addanymoreyoucanthinkof.positiveindependentgeneroushonestconfidentcreativeeasygoingloyalintelligentdeterminedwarmheartedstraightforwardneutralsensitiveseriousbookishshyself-consciousstrictnegativenervouslazyshortsightedselfishmeanslackActivity7Workinpairs.Talkaboutpeople’spersonalqualitiesusingthewordsyouhavelearnt.A:Ithinkmycousinisverybrave.B:WhydoyouthinksoA:…Thetopicshouldbecenteredaroundacharacter.Youcanchooseyourfavoriteperson,themostfamiliarperson,themostadmiredperson,themostcharacteristicperson,etc.Activity7

Listentothreeconversationsandmatchthepictures.DACActivity8

Listenagainandcompletethetable.workingwithchildrenridinghorseshavefunstillenjoysportsoneononebuildarelationshipwiththemasavolunteerreferencefromsomeonewhoknowsyouActivity9Workinpairs.Actoutatelephoneenquiry.studentAYou’reinterestedintakingupvoluntaryworkaboutenvironmentalprotection,andyou’regoingtomakeatelephoneenquiryaboutit.Informationyou’dliketoknow:whatkindofworkisavailabletheresponsibilitiesoftheworktherequirementsonyouthepersontocontactActivity9studentBYouworkatavolunteercentre.Yourjobistoanswerenquiriesaboutvoluntaryworkandgivepracticalstep-by-stepadviceonhowtogetstarted.Thevoluntaryworkyourecommendiscoastalclean-upatNorthBeach.Responsibilities:collectwastefromthebe