河南省駐馬店市2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期高三上學(xué)期11月期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

絕密★啟用前高三英語(yǔ)考試注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabank.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atabookstore.2.Whenwillthespeakersgettothetheateriftheyleavenow?A.At7:35.B.At7:45.C.At8:20.3.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cool.C.Hot.4.Whatmonthisitnow?A.October.B.November.C.December.5.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Eathealthily.B.Buyhamburgers.C.Preparehealthymeals.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydidthemanaskthewomanforhelp?A.Hisarmswerebroken.B.Heboughtsomanybooks.C.Therewassomethingwrongwithhislegs.7.Howmuchdidthemanspendoneachbook?A.14cents.B.15cents.C.50cents.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatcanweknowaboutthedresses?A.Theyaremadeofsilk.B.TheyarefromanAmericanbrand.C.TheyaredesignedbyaFrenchdesigner.9.Whenwillthewomantrythedresseson?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What’swrongwithAndy?A.Hisleftearisinfected.B.Hisrightearisinfected.C.Bothhisearsareinfected.11.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Leavethehospital.B.Consultaspecialist.C.Haveanearoperation.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’sthewomandoing?A.Askingtheway.B.Rentinganapartment.C.Meetingherbestfriend.14.Whichisconsideredtobequitesmallbythewoman?A.Thekitchen.B.Thefirst-mentionedbedroom.C.Thesecond-mentionedbedroom.15.What’stheman’sopiniononthekitchen?A.It’smodern.B.It’snewlypainted.C.It’sadequatelyequipped.16.Whowillthewomanaskforadvice?AHerfriend.B.Herfamily.C.Herclassmate.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Adriver.B.Ahistoryteacher.C.Atourguide.18.Whereisthetalkprobablybeinggiven?A.Onabus.B.Inalift.C.Inabuilding.19.HowlongdidittaketocompletetheWashingtonMonument?A.4years.B.36years.C.48years.20.HowwilltheygototheLincolnMemorial?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChinaAdolescentsScienceandTechnologyInnovationContest(CASTIC)isoneofthebiggestnationalsciencecompetitionsinChina.Overthespanofthirtyyears,CASTIChasbeenoneofthemostfamousandbiggestsciencecontestsforyoungscientistsintheglobalworld,too.Itisheldindifferentcitieseveryyear,aimedatdevelopingadolescents’innovativecapacityandabilitytoapplytheirscienceknowledgeincreatinginventions.AnnuallyabouthundredsofnationalandinternationalparticipantswouldattendCASTICwiththeirownscientificprojectsin13sciencecategories.Foreigndelegations(代表團(tuán))from20countrieswouldshareinnovativeideasandcreationswiththeworld.QualificationsandLimitations·Itisopentoallinternationalscience-lovingstudentsstudyingingrades7-12(agedbetween13and20).·AllparticipatingstudentsmustattendCASTICwithanadultsupervisor(ateacher,aparent,oraguardian).·Thesameprojectcannotbesubmittedinconsecutive(連續(xù)的)yearswithoutsignificantprogressorchanges.·AvalidapplicationmustbesubmittedusingtheCASTICapplicationsystembythedeadlineasperrequirements.·AllstudentsandsupervisorshavetocommunicateinEnglishtopresenttheirprojectsduringthejudgingsessionofCASTIC.·Eachstudentmaypresentonlyoneproject.Amaximumofthreestudentsmaypresentagroupproject.·Thereisnolimittohowmanyprojectsmaybesubmittedfromthesameschool/organization.Buttheteammembersfromoneschool/organizationcannotexceed6atmost(1-2supervisorsand4-5students).·Allprojectsfromthesameschool/organizationshouldbesubmittedunderoneapplicationlogininordertocontrolcommunicationandprojectsmoreefficiently.1.WhatdoweknowaboutCASTIC?A.Itdevelopswithinafewyears. B.Itgainsitsreputationovertime.C.Ittakesplaceinacertainarea. D.Itfocusesonadults’creativity.2.Whatshouldtheparticipantsdotoshowtheirprojects?A.AttendthejudgingsessioninChinese. B.Presentprojectsasmanyaspossible.C.UseEnglishtodescribetheirprojects. D.Handinacopyofapreviousproject.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tocultivateinnovativetalents. B.Topromotescienceeducation.C.Tobettertheorganizationofyoungscientists. D.TooutlinetherulesforparticipatinginCASTIC.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)青少年科技創(chuàng)新大賽（CASTIC）的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Overthespanofthirtyyears,CASTIChasbeenoneofthemostfamousandbiggestsciencecontestsforyoungscientistsintheglobalworld,too.(在過(guò)去的三十年里，CASTIC也一直是全球年輕科學(xué)家中最著名、規(guī)模最大的科學(xué)競(jìng)賽之一)”可知，CASTIC在過(guò)去的三十年里逐漸積累了聲譽(yù)，成為了全球著名的科學(xué)競(jìng)賽，因此，它隨著時(shí)間的推移而獲得了聲譽(yù)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)QualificationsandLimitations部分的“AllstudentsandsupervisorshavetocommunicateinEnglishtopresenttheirprojectsduringthejudgingsessionofCASTIC.(在CASTIC的評(píng)審環(huán)節(jié)中，所有學(xué)生和指導(dǎo)老師都必須用英語(yǔ)來(lái)展示他們的項(xiàng)目)”可知，參賽者需要用英語(yǔ)來(lái)描述和展示他們的項(xiàng)目。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了CASTIC的參賽資格與限制，包括參賽對(duì)象、參賽要求、項(xiàng)目提交方式、展示方式等，旨在為參賽者提供詳細(xì)的參賽指南。因此，文章的主要目的是概述參加CASTIC的規(guī)則。故選D。BWhenSharaineandWilsonmovedtheirfamilytoRhodeIsland,theyalreadyhadafullschedule.Justmovingintoanewcommunityandrestoringanewhousemeantlittletimeforanythingelse.AndthenPaulshowedup.Paul,attheageof82,hadrecentlylosthiswifebutcarriedonwithagenerousspirit.Hecrossedthestreet,ladderinhand,tointroducehimselftohisnewneighborsandofferhisservicesintheirhomeimprovementendeavors.Sharaineremembers,“Ourbiggestfearmovingintoanewneighborhoodwaswhatifthenewneighborsdon’tlikeus?Wehavealotofkids;theymakealotofnoise...”Butthosefearswerequicklyputtorest.Paullikeschildrenverymuchandquicklybecomesaregularathome.Paulmakessurethekidscrossthestreetsafelyafterschool,isthejudgeoftricycleraces,sitsontheporchhelpingwithhomeworkandpullsouthisartificialteethasaremindertothelittleonestobrushtheirteeth.Thepresenceofelderscangreatlyenhanceachild’sabilitytocopewithlife’schallenges.GrandparentslikePaulprovidestability,affection,encouragement,andasenseofdutytotheyoungonesundertheirwing.Despitelivingalone,Paulneverfeelsisolated;heisfartoopreoccupiedplayingtheroleofalovinggrandpa.“Weareincrediblyluckytohavemetsuchawonderfulneighbor.Thekidsrushtowardshimasifheweretheirowngrandpa,”saysSharaine,andindeed,Paul’scalendarstaysfull.Celebratingbirthdays,workingonhomeprojects,attendingneighborhoodbarbecues,andengaginginotherfamilyactivitieskeephimbusy.Simplepleasureslikereading,pullingweeds,strolling(散步)slowlyascloudsdriftacrossthesky,occasionallyblockingthesun—thesearetheessenceoflife.AndittakesagrandpalikePaultoslowdowntime,allowingonetotrulyappreciatethebeautyofthesemoments.4.WhatinitiallyconcernedSharaineandWilsonaboutmovingtoRhodeIsland?A.Notfindingaproperhouse. B.Howtorepairanewhouse.C.Notmakingtimefortheirfamily. D.Whethertobeacceptedbynewneighbors.5.WhatroledoesPaulplayinthechildren’slives?A.Heteachesthemtobrushtheirteeth. B.Hehelpsthemwiththeirhousework.C.Heinvolvesintheirdailyactivities. D.Heeducatesthemwhentheymisbehave.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePaul?A.Quietandlonely. B.Indifferentandodd.C.Optimisticandspirited. D.Energeticandadventurous.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Paul’sroleinthecommunity. B.ThechallengesofPaul’sneighbors.C.Theimprovementinhomeservices. D.TherelationshipbetweenPaulandkids.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Paul如何融入新鄰居的生活，成為孩子們的良師益友，豐富了社區(qū)生活。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Ourbiggestfearmovingintoanewneighborhoodwaswhatifthenewneighborsdon’tlikeus?(我們搬到一個(gè)新社區(qū)最大恐懼是，如果新鄰居不喜歡我們?cè)趺崔k？)”可知，Sharaine和Wilson搬到羅德島時(shí)最擔(dān)心的是新鄰居是否會(huì)接受他們。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Paulmakessurethekidscrossthestreetsafelyafterschool,isthejudgeoftricycleraces,sitsontheporchhelpingwithhomeworkandpullsouthisartificialteethasaremindertothelittleonestobrushtheirteeth.(Paul確保孩子們放學(xué)后安全過(guò)馬路，是三輪車(chē)比賽的裁判，坐在門(mén)廊上幫助孩子們做作業(yè)，拔掉他的假牙提醒孩子們要刷牙。)”可知，Paul在孩子們的生活中扮演了參與者的角色。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“Paul,attheageof82,hadrecentlylosthiswifebutcarriedonwithagenerousspirit.(現(xiàn)年82歲的Paul剛剛失去了妻子，但他仍以一種慷慨的精神生活著。)”可知，Paul樂(lè)觀、有活力的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段““Weareincrediblyluckytohavemetsuchawonderfulneighbor.Thekidsrushtowardshimasifheweretheirowngrandpa,”saysSharaine,andindeed,Paul’scalendarstaysfull.Celebratingbirthdays,workingonhomeprojects,attendingneighborhoodbarbecues,andengaginginotherfamilyactivitieskeephimbusy.Simplepleasureslikereading,pullingweeds,strolling(散步)slowlyascloudsdriftacrossthesky,occasionallyblockingthesun—thesearetheessenceoflife.AndittakesagrandpalikePaultoslowdowntime,allowingonetotrulyappreciatethebeautyofthesemoments.(“我們非常幸運(yùn)能遇到這樣一位好鄰居。孩子們沖向他，就好像他是他們自己的爺爺一樣，”Sharaine說(shuō)，事實(shí)上，Paul的日程表一直排得滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的。慶祝生日、做家庭項(xiàng)目、參加鄰里燒烤和其他家庭活動(dòng)讓他很忙。一些簡(jiǎn)單的快樂(lè)，比如讀書(shū)、拔草、在云飄過(guò)的天空中慢慢散步，偶爾遮住太陽(yáng)——這些都是生活的真諦。只有像Paul這樣的爺爺才能讓時(shí)間慢下來(lái)，讓一個(gè)人真正欣賞這些時(shí)刻的美麗。)”可知，最后一段主要講述了Paul在社區(qū)中的作用。故選A。CAgingisanunstoppableaspectoflife.However,accordingtoastudy,maintainingapositiveattitudetowardsagingcansignificantlyimpactthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)functionofolderindividualswithmildcognitiveimpairment(障礙)(MCI).ThestudyrevealedthatindividualswhohaveanoptimisticviewofagingandwhorecoverfromMCIhaveatwo-yearadvantageintransitioningbacktonormalcognition.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdnegativeviewsaboutaginghaveagreaterprobabilityofdevelopingMCI.Thestudyinvolvedasampleof1,716participantswithanaverageageof77.8yearsold.Theresearchersmeasuredtheparticipants’attitudestowardsagingthroughanage-beliefquestionnaire(問(wèn)卷),whichdividedthemintogroupswitheitherapositiveornegativeoutlooktowardsaging.TheresearchersadministeredMCIexamsseventimesover12yearsoffollow-up,andthedatashowedthatthosewithpositiveagingbeliefshada30.2%greaterlikelihoodofrecoveringcognitionthanthenegativeage-beliefgroup.Furthermore,individualswithapositiveattitudetowardsagingrecoveredfromMCIanaverageoftwoyearsfasterthanthosewithnegativeagingbeliefs.Dr.AndrewE.Budson,MD,chiefofCognitiveandBehavioralNeurologyattheBostonHealthcareSystem,notesthatpeoplewithapositiveattitudetowardsagingaremorelikelytoengageinsocialactivities,exerciseregularly,andhaveahealthydiet,whichcanprotectagainstcognitivedecline.However,itisworthnotingthatthestudyhassomelimitations.Onelimitationisthatthenegativeaging-beliefgroupincludedmorepeoplewithdepressionthanthegroupwithapositiveoutlooktowardsaging.Depressionisrelatedtoinflammation(炎癥)throughoutthebody,whichcandrivecognitivedecline.ItisalsopossiblethatindividualswithanegativeattitudetowardsaginghadAlzheimer’sdiseaseandwerefacingmoredifficultiesintheirdailylives,whichmayhaveinfluencedtheiroutlook.Thus,havingmorepeoplewithdepressionandAlzheimer’s.diseaseinthenegativeaging-beliefgroupcouldhavepushedtheresultsawayfromthetruth,makingitappearthatapositiveoutlookonaginghasagreatereffectthanitactuallydoes.8.Howdoestheauthorpresentthefindingsinparagraph1?A.Byraisingaquestion. B.Bymakingacontrast.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bylistingsomefigures.9.Whatdoesparagraph2tellus?A.PositiveagingbeliefsimproveMCI. B.Ageisessentialtocognitiverecovery.C.Questionnairesaffectcognitivetests. D.MCIexamscanpredictagingattitudes.10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestudy?A.It’saccurate. B.It’scomprehensive.C.It’sinteresting. D.It’simperfect.11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Ahistoricalnovel.C.Aresearchjournal. D.Asportsnewspaper.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于老年人對(duì)衰老態(tài)度與其認(rèn)知能力之間關(guān)系的研究?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThestudyrevealedthatindividualswhohaveanoptimisticviewofagingandwhorecoverfromMCIhaveatwo-yearadvantageintransitioningbacktonormalcognition.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdnegativeviewsaboutaginghaveagreaterprobabilityofdevelopingMCI.(研究表明，對(duì)衰老持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度并從MCI中恢復(fù)的人，在恢復(fù)正常認(rèn)知方面有兩年的優(yōu)勢(shì)。另一方面，對(duì)衰老持負(fù)面看法的人患MCI的可能性更大)”可知，作者通過(guò)對(duì)比積極態(tài)度和消極態(tài)度對(duì)老年人認(rèn)知能力的影響來(lái)呈現(xiàn)研究結(jié)果。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheresearchersadministeredMCIexamsseventimesover12yearsoffollow-up,andthedatashowedthatthosewithpositiveagingbeliefshada30.2%greaterlikelihoodofrecoveringcognitionthanthenegativeage-beliefgroup.(研究人員在12年的隨訪中進(jìn)行了七次MCI考試，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與對(duì)衰老持負(fù)面看法的組相比，對(duì)衰老持積極看法的人恢復(fù)認(rèn)知的可能性高出30.2%。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了研究的具體內(nèi)容和結(jié)果，即積極的老化信念可以改善MCI。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,itisworthnotingthatthestudyhassomelimitations.(然而，值得注意的是，這項(xiàng)研究存在一些局限性。)”可知，作者在最后一段明確指出了研究的一些局限性，因此可以推斷出作者認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是不完美的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是提到的研究細(xì)節(jié)，如第二段“Thestudyinvolvedasampleof1,716participantswithanaverageageof77.8yearsold.Theresearchersmeasuredtheparticipants’attitudestowardsagingthroughanage-beliefquestionnaire( 問(wèn)卷 ),whichdividedthemintogroupswitheitherapositiveornegativeoutlooktowardsaging.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及了1716名平均年齡為77.8歲的參與者。研究人員通過(guò)年齡信念問(wèn)卷測(cè)量了參與者對(duì)衰老的態(tài)度，并將他們分為積極和消極兩組)”等可推知，本文是一篇關(guān)于老年人對(duì)衰老態(tài)度與其認(rèn)知能力之間關(guān)系的研究的說(shuō)明文，內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、科學(xué)，且涉及研究設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)分析和結(jié)果討論等，因此很可能是從研究期刊上摘錄的。選項(xiàng)C“研究期刊”是正確的。故選C。DWhatdoyoudowhennobodyisaroundtotakeyourpicture?Youtakeaselfie(自拍照).Photographicself-portraitshaveexistedforaslongascamerashavebeeninhumanhands.Butwhataboutselfiesinspace?Onsocialmedialastyear,NASAastronautEdwinE.“Buzz”Aldrin,whofamouslybecamethesecondmantowalkonthemooninJuly,1969,laidclaimtoaspaceflightfirst:TakingthefirstselfieinspaceduringtheGeminiЖпmissionin1966.Astronautshavebeencarryingcamerasaboardspacevehiclessincethe1960s,andthey’vetakenplentyofpicturesofthemselvesalongtheway.In1966,AldrinusedaHasselbladcamerathatwasdesignedspecificallyforspace,withanextra-largetriggertoaccommodatetheastronaut’sthickgloves.Hasselbladalsopaintedthefirstcamerausedinspacematteblack(啞光黑)tominimizereflectionsinthespacecraftwindow.Butcamerasusedinspaceneedtosurviveextremeconditions,liketemperatureswingsfrom—149°Fto248°F,soHasselbladpaintedlatermodels’silvertohelpthecameraadjusttothesetemperaturechanges.Earlyastronautswereconstrainedbystrictweightwhenenteringspacecraft,andtheyhadtoworkwithoutaselfiestick.Tocapturehisself-portrait,theastronautAldrinonceattachedthecameratothesideofthespacecrafttostabilizeitandgethisfaceintheframe.Today,astronautsalsohaveaccesstotheInternetandsocialplatformsinspaceandcanposttruespaceselfiesusingdigitalcamerascoveredwiththermalblankets.ThefirstastronautselfiethatwentviralontheInternetwasonebyJapaneseastronautAkihikoHoshidein2012.Similarly,spacerobotsarealsoparticipatinginselfieculture,capturingremoteimagesofthemselvesinspaceoronotherplanetsandbeamingthembacktoEarth.Forinstance,inJanuary,theMarsroverCuriosity“shared”aselfiemadefromamosaicofimagescapturedattherover’slatestdrillsiteontheredplanet.12.WhatcanweknowaboutAldrin?A.Hetookthefirstselfieinspace.B.Hewasthefirstmantowalkinspace.C.HepostedapictureofhimselfonMars.D.HesharedaselfiewhenintheGeminiⅫmission.13.Whywasthefirstcamerausedinspacepaintedmatteblack?A.Toprotectitfromspaceradiation. B.Tomatchthecolorofthespacecraft.C.Toreducereflectionsfromthespacecraft. D.Tomakeiteasiertoholdforastronauts.14.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedword“constrained”inparagraph3?A.Enabled. B.Influenced. C.Inspired. D.Restricted.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Japaneseastronautspostedselfiesfromspace.B.Theoriginanddevelopmentofselfiesinspace.C.Increasinglypopularselfiesamongastronauts.D.EdwinE.“Buzz”Aldrintookthefirstspaceselfie.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了太空自拍的起源與發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Onsocialmedialastyear,NASAastronautEdwinE.“Buzz”Aldrin,whofamouslybecamethesecondmantowalkonthemooninJuly,1969,laidclaimtoaspaceflightfirst:TakingthefirstselfieinspaceduringtheGeminiЖпmissionin1966.(去年在社交媒體上，NASA宇航員EdwinE.“Buzz”Aldrin，這位在1969年7月成為第二個(gè)登上月球的人，聲稱(chēng)他在1966年的GeminiЖп任務(wù)中拍攝了第一張?zhí)兆耘?”可知，Aldrin是第一個(gè)在太空中拍攝自拍的人。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hasselbladalsopaintedthefirstcamerausedinspacematteblack(啞光黑)tominimizereflectionsinthespacecraftwindow.(Hasselblad還將第一臺(tái)用于太空的相機(jī)涂成了啞光黑色，以最大程度地減少太空船窗戶(hù)上的反射)”可知，第一臺(tái)用于太空的相機(jī)被涂成啞光黑色是為了減少太空船窗戶(hù)上的反射。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Earlyastronautswereconstrainedbystrictweightwhenenteringspacecraft,andtheyhadtoworkwithoutaselfiestick.(早期宇航員在進(jìn)入飛船時(shí)受到嚴(yán)格重量constrained，他們不得不在沒(méi)有自拍桿的情況下工作)”可知，宇航員在進(jìn)入太空時(shí)受到了限制（constrained），即他們的行為受到了某種約束或限制。constrained意為“限制”。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容尤其是第一段“Butwhataboutselfiesinspace?(那么太空自拍呢？)”及后面的描述可知，文章主要介紹了太空自拍的起源與發(fā)展，從第一張?zhí)兆耘牡浆F(xiàn)代宇航員和太空機(jī)器人的自拍文化。由此可知，最好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“Theoriginanddevelopmentofselfiesinspace(太空自拍的起源與發(fā)展)”。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mostpeoplecanassociatetheirpersonalitywithacolor.Forsomepeople,theirpersonalitycolormeaningisaccurateandhelpsthemlearnmoreaboutthemselves.____16____Sowhatisapersonalitycolorandhowdoyoudetermineyours?Thisarticlewilldiveintothedetailsofpersonalitycolors.____17____Whenyoupictureyourselfandyourpersonality,it’sthecoloryouthinkof.Formanypeople,thiscoloristhesameastheirfavoritecolororthecolortheywearthemost.Itcantellyoualittlebitaboutyourself,includingyourtraitsandprobablysomeofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Generally,determiningyourpersonalitycolorisasimpletask.____18____Instead,youjustneedtotakesometimetoreflectonyourself.Closeyoureyesandthinkaboutwhatcolorrepresentsyoubest.Mostpeoplewillthinkoftheirfavoritecolor.Don’tspendtoomuchtimethinkingbecauseitwillbethefirstcolorthatcomestomind.However,noteveryonehasafavoritecolor.Therefore,somepeoplemightnotbeabletosettleonapersonalitycolorrightaway.However,ifyouthinkaboutyourpersonalitycolorforlongenough,youwilllikelycometoaconclusioneventually.Thinkaboutthecoloryouoftenwearorthecoloryouchoosetodecoratewith.____19____Everyone’spersonalityisunique.____20____Butdiscoveringyourpersonalitycolormayhelpyourealizethingsaboutyourselfthatyouhadn’tconsideredbefore.Whetheryoubelieveintheaccuracyofcolorpersonalitiesornot,it’sstillafunactivitytoengagein.A.That’slikelyyourpersonalitycolor.B.Youdon’thavetotakeaquizoraskyourfriends.C.Fortheothers,itisjustsomethingfuntodiscover.D.Apersonalitycolorisacolorthatyoulinktoyourself.E.Somepeopleevenhavemorethanonepersonalitycolor.F.Therefore,acolorcan’ttellyoueverythingaboutyourpersonality.G.Soit’sstillnoteasytotellone’spersonalityifyouknowhispersonalitycolor.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了個(gè)性顏色的概念，如何確定個(gè)人的個(gè)性顏色及其意義。【16題詳解】由上文“Mostpeoplecanassociatetheirpersonalitywithacolor.Forsomepeople,theirpersonalitycolormeaningisaccurateandhelpsthemlearnmoreaboutthemselves.(大多數(shù)人都能把自己的性格和顏色聯(lián)系起來(lái)。對(duì)于一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們的個(gè)性色彩含義是準(zhǔn)確的，有助于他們更多地了解自己)”可知，本空應(yīng)討論對(duì)于另一些來(lái)說(shuō)個(gè)性色彩的意義。因此，C選項(xiàng)“Fortheothers,itisjustsomethingfuntodiscover.(對(duì)于其他人來(lái)說(shuō)，這只是一個(gè)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn))”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳解】由下文“Whenyoupictureyourselfandyourpersonality,it’sthecoloryouthinkof.Formanypeople,thiscoloristhesameastheirfavoritecolororthecolortheywearthemost.Itcantellyoualittlebitaboutyourself,includingyourtraitsandprobablysomeofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.(當(dāng)你描繪你自己和你的個(gè)性時(shí)，你會(huì)想到顏色。對(duì)很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)顏色和他們最喜歡的顏色或者最常穿的顏色是一樣的。它可以告訴你一些關(guān)于你自己的信息，包括你的特點(diǎn)，可能還有你的一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn))”可知，這里需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)定義什么是個(gè)性顏色。D選項(xiàng)“Apersonalitycolorisacolorthatyoulinktoyourself.(個(gè)性顏色是你與自己聯(lián)系在一起的顏色)”能引出下文，符合題意。故選D?！?8題詳解】由上文“Generally,determiningyourpersonalitycolorisasimpletask.(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，決定你的個(gè)性色彩是一件簡(jiǎn)單的事情)”及下文“Instead,youjustneedtotakesometimetoreflectonyourself.(相反，你只需要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間反思自己)”可知，這里應(yīng)該提到確定個(gè)性顏色不需要復(fù)雜的程序，如問(wèn)卷或詢(xún)問(wèn)他人。因此，B選項(xiàng)“Youdon’thavetotakeaquizoraskyourfriends.(你不需要做測(cè)驗(yàn)或問(wèn)朋友)”直接回應(yīng)了上文的說(shuō)法，并為下文的自我反思建議做好鋪墊，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選B?！?9題詳解】由上文“Thinkaboutthecoloryouoftenwearorthecoloryouchoosetodecoratewith.(想想你經(jīng)常穿顏色或你選擇的裝飾顏色)”可知，這里應(yīng)該有一個(gè)總結(jié)性的句子，指出思考經(jīng)常穿的顏色或用于裝飾的顏色可以幫助確定個(gè)性顏色。A選項(xiàng)“That’slikelyyourpersonalitycolor.(這很可能是你的個(gè)性顏色)”總結(jié)了前一句提供的建議，能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【20題詳解】由上文“Everyone’spersonalityisunique.(每個(gè)人的個(gè)性都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的)”及下文“Butdiscoveringyourpersonalitycolormayhelpyourealizethingsaboutyourselfthatyouhadn’tconsideredbefore.(但是發(fā)現(xiàn)你的個(gè)性色彩可能會(huì)幫助你意識(shí)到你以前沒(méi)有考慮過(guò)的關(guān)于你自己的事情)”可知，這里應(yīng)該提及個(gè)性顏色的局限性，表明個(gè)性顏色雖然有趣但并非完全揭示個(gè)性。F選項(xiàng)“Therefore,acolorcan’ttellyoueverythingaboutyourpersonality.(因此，一種顏色不能告訴你關(guān)于你個(gè)性的一切)”指出了個(gè)性顏色的局限性，同時(shí)也與下文形成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，能承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。HailiSmithandhersister,Brooke,haveverydifferenttastesinbooks.Haililikesspine-tingling(緊張刺激的)ones,whileBrookelikesfantasy.Buttheysharea____21____thatkidsreallyliketoreadaboutcharacterstheycan____22____.SotheystartedBooksLikeMe.Thenonprofitgroup____23____teacherswithculturallydiversechildren’sbooks.Theydesiredtocultivatealoveforreadinginallthechildren.____24____,theystartedtofindthebooksthatthechildrencouldrelatethemselvesto,whichwouldmakethechildren____25____.MostofthebookshavebeendonatedinFlorida.Butasword____26____,requestscamefromschoolsnationwide.Abookcanbea____27____toseeourselvesinitscharacters,orawindowtohelpusseefromadifferent____28____.HailiandBrookemadealistofbooks____29____invariouscategoriesandformats.Onsocialmedia,theyaskedfordonations.Theybegan____30____boxesofnewbooksandgavethemtoschools.AnitraCarter,whoisateacherinFlorida,saidherstudents____31____alotfromthedonations.“Itiswonderfultoseeacharacterthatlooks____32____tothestudentsthemselves,”Cartersays.Shebelievesdiversecharactershelpkids____33____theabilitytounderstandothersandkidshavesomeknowledgeabouttheexperiencesofotherpeoplewhenfacing____34____situations.Hailisays,“Itisour____35____thatallkidscanseethemselvesrepresentedinbookssothattheycanenjoyreading.”21.A.concern B.story C.promise D.belief22.A.relateto B.buildup C.careabout D.competewith23.A.takes B.supplies C.connects D.compares24.A.Hence B.Meanwhile C.Nevertheless D.Furthermore25.A.surprised B.depressed C.relaxed D.interested26.A.carriedout B.gotout C.ranout D.gaveout27.A.river B.screen C.mirror D.lantern28.A.frame B.manner C.position D.angle29.A.visible B.available C.valuable D.adjustable30.A.painting B.handling C.receiving D.producing31.A.tried B.distinguished C.recovered D.benefited32.A.similar B.regular C.strange D.common33.A.find B.stimulate C.develop D.consider34.A.open-air B.real-life C.long-term D.high-quality35.A.goal B.foundation C.capability D.regulation【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Haili

Smith和Brooke成立了非營(yíng)利組織Books

Like

Me，為教師提供多元文化的兒童書(shū)籍，培養(yǎng)孩子們對(duì)閱讀的熱愛(ài)。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但她們有一個(gè)共同的信念，即孩子們很喜歡閱讀可以與之產(chǎn)生共鳴的角色。A.

concern擔(dān)憂(yōu)；B.

story故事；C.

promise承諾；D.

belief信念。根據(jù)下文“kids

really

like

to

read

about

characters

they

can

2”說(shuō)明這個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句是她們共同的信念。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.

relate

to與……產(chǎn)生共鳴；B.

build

up建立；C.

care

about關(guān)心；D.

compete

with與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文“kids

really

like

to

read

about

characters”可知這里表達(dá)的是孩子們希望讀到帶有他們能認(rèn)同/產(chǎn)生共鳴的角色。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織為教師提供具有文化多樣性的兒童圖書(shū)。A.

takes拿；B.

supplies提供；C.

connects聯(lián)系；D.

compares比較。根據(jù)下文“teacherswith

culturally

diverse

children’s

books”可知這里表達(dá)的是為教師提供這些書(shū)籍，supplysb.withsth.，意為“為某人提供某物”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她們開(kāi)始尋找與孩子們相關(guān)的書(shū)籍，這樣孩子們就會(huì)感興趣。A.

Hence因此；B.

Meanwhile與此同時(shí)；C.

Nevertheless然而；D.

Furthermore此外。根據(jù)上文“Theydesiredtocultivatealoveforreadinginallthechildren.”和下文“theystartedtofindthebooksthatthechildrencouldrelatethemselvesto,whichwouldmakethechildren

5.”可知上文內(nèi)容是在解釋為什么尋找這些書(shū)，用“因此”引出尋找書(shū)的動(dòng)作。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣書(shū)籍才能讓孩子們產(chǎn)生興趣。A.

surprised驚訝的；B.

depressed沮喪的；C.

relaxed放松的；D.

interested感興趣的。與上文“Theydesiredtocultivatealoveforreadinginallthechildren.”相呼應(yīng)，指讓孩子們對(duì)閱讀感興趣。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但消息傳開(kāi)后，全國(guó)各地的學(xué)校都發(fā)起了請(qǐng)求。A.

carried

out執(zhí)行；B.

got

out被得知，傳開(kāi)；C.

ran

out用完；D.

gave

out分發(fā)。根據(jù)下文“requestscamefromschoolsnationwide”可知，消息傳開(kāi)后，她們開(kāi)始收到請(qǐng)求。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一本書(shū)可以成為一面鏡子，讓我們?cè)谄渲锌吹阶约?，或成為一個(gè)窗口，讓我們從不同角度看待事物。A.

river河流；B.

screen屏幕；C.

mirror鏡子；D.

lantern燈籠。根據(jù)“see

ourselves

in

its

characters”說(shuō)明書(shū)像一面鏡子。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.

frame框架；B.

manner方式；C.

position位置；D.

angle角度。與上文“window”相呼應(yīng)，這里表示從不同的“角度”去看待事物。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Haili和Brooke在各個(gè)類(lèi)別和版式中列出了一些可獲得的書(shū)籍。A.

visible可見(jiàn)的；B.

available可獲得的；C.

valuable有價(jià)值的；D.

adjustable可調(diào)的。根據(jù)“in

various

categories

and

formats”說(shuō)明是列出可獲得的書(shū)。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們開(kāi)始接收成箱的新書(shū)，并將其分發(fā)給學(xué)校。A.

painting繪畫(huà)；B.

handling處理；C.

receiving接收；D.

producing生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)“boxes

of

new

books

and

gave

them

to

schools”可以推斷她們是接收書(shū)籍。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的學(xué)生從捐贈(zèng)中獲益很多。A.

tried嘗試；B.

distinguished區(qū)別；C.

recovered恢復(fù)；D.

benefited受益。根據(jù)“from

the

donations”及上下文語(yǔ)境可以推測(cè)，她的學(xué)生從這些捐贈(zèng)的書(shū)籍中受益，benefitfrom...，意為“從……中受益”。故選D。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“看到一個(gè)與學(xué)生自己相似的角色是很美好的，”Carter說(shuō)。A.

similar相似的；B.

regular有規(guī)律的；C.

strange奇怪的；D.

common普通的。根據(jù)下文“thestudentsthemselves”及句意可知，這里表達(dá)的是希望學(xué)生看到與自己相似的角色。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她認(rèn)為，不同的角色有助于孩子們發(fā)展理解他人的能力，孩子們?cè)诿鎸?duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生